CN1133564A - Duffy血型抗原的克隆 - Google Patents
Duffy血型抗原的克隆 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1133564A CN1133564A CN94193870A CN94193870A CN1133564A CN 1133564 A CN1133564 A CN 1133564A CN 94193870 A CN94193870 A CN 94193870A CN 94193870 A CN94193870 A CN 94193870A CN 1133564 A CN1133564 A CN 1133564A
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Abstract
分离了gpD蛋白,即Duffy血型抗原系统的主要亚单位。gpD蛋白含有间日疟原虫进入红细胞并引起疟疾的受体。gpD和人及兔的白细胞介素-8受体有明显的序列同源性,因此gpD蛋白有可能是一类新的趋化细胞因子受体。gpD蛋白cDNA和人海马cDNA克隆HHCMF86有准完全同源性,因此,gpD蛋白质或一同源蛋白可能以一神经肽受体存在于脑中。gpD蛋白存在于所有的红细胞祖细胞中,可能是细胞增殖和/或分化的受体。gpD蛋白cDNA在人肾中识别大小和骨髓中一样的mRNA。由于肾不是促红细胞生成器官,也没有成为促红细胞生成器官的潜能,这种推定的趋化物受体可能具有必需的肾功能。gpD蛋白在预防疟疾和调节促红细胞生成、神经和肾功能上有治疗价值并可以和生理可接受的稀释剂结合产生适于这些目的的治疗剂。同gpD蛋白含有受体的部分相应的多肽也已被合成。此类多肽有与gpD蛋白相同的治疗作用。gpD蛋白和这些多肽还可以用于产生治疗剂如抗体、互补多肽等,它们对治疗疟疾及调节必需的促红细胞生成、神经和肾功能也是有用的。
Description
本发明涉及Duffy血型抗原的主要亚单位gpD蛋白及其在检测和治疗疟疾中的应用。
疟疾是人类最流行的传染疾病。其广泛的地理分布及该传染严重的病理结果使疟疾成为许多发展中国家主要的医疗和经济负担。
有几种不同类型的疟疾,其中一种由寄生虫间日疟原虫(Plas-modium vivax)引起,它能攻击敏感个人的血红细胞。对于间日疟原虫特别令人感兴趣的一个遗传特性就是缺少由血型系统编码被称为Duffy(F.B.Livingston,“The Duffy Blood Groups,Vivax Malariaand Malaria Sections in Human Populations:Review,”Human Biol,56,413,(1984))的抗原。已经显示血红细胞缺少Duffy基因产物的个人对间日疟原虫的侵入是不敏感的,这是由于Duffy分子能作为该寄生虫的受体。(L.H.Miller,H.J.Mason,D.F.Clyde and M.H.Mc Ginnis,“The Resistanse Factor to Plasmodium Vivax in Blacks,The Duffy Blood Group Genotype(a-b-)”,N.Eng.J.Med,295,302(1976))。
疟疾寄生虫是由按蚊属的几种吸血雌性虫进行宿主至宿主间传播的。间日疟原虫生活周期的性阶段发生在蚊子中,导致子孢子的产生。这些子孢子进入新的宿主后寄居于肝脏的实质细胞中并进行无性增殖,最终导致肝细胞的破裂并把无性形式(裂殖子)释放到血液中。在那里裂殖子以一种几乎同步的方式活跃地进入血红细胞,并由于间日疟原虫细胞生长和分裂的速率基本一致,被感染的红细胞同时达到使它们破裂的寄生虫滴度阶段。这就产生每48小时发热的典型周期,由此得名为间日疟疾。
间日疟原虫感染在不治疗的情况下可持续长达五年的时间。间日疟原虫寄生物血症相对低,主要因为寄生虫喜欢存在于外周血液中的少数幼红细胞或网织红细胞中。
对间日疟原虫的免疫性本质上通常只是部分的,这就使得发生重复感染,并独立发展致使寄生虫释放的周期发生重叠,导致在较短的周期中出现发热。间日疟原虫和其它疟疾疟原虫一样(M.Hom-mel,“Antigenic Variation in Malaria Parasites,”Immunology Today,6,28,(1985)),显示相当的抗原多样性和变异性,虽然最近显示存在寄生虫不同分离物共有的间日疟原虫子孢子抗原组份(F.Zavala,A.Masuda,P.M.Graves,V.Nussenzweig and R.Nussenzweig,“Ubiquity of the Repetitive Epitope of the Cs Protein in Different Iso-lates of Human Malaria Parasites,”J.Immunol,135,2790,(1985))。
考虑到间日疟原虫分离物间抗原性差别的来源及它们对于免疫接种的后果,间日疟原虫不同种的裂殖子具有进入血红细胞的相同受体即Duffy分子(Miller et al,N.Engl.J.Med.,supra)是很重要的。此外,不管其改变其它抗原分子的能力,寄生虫识别分子,即结合Duffy分子的分子必须保持一致,因为正是它和恒定受体间的互补性使得裂殖子进入红细胞,由此导致感染的继续。这种分子的配体专一性的变化引起寄生虫感染能力的丧失,因为间日疟原虫裂殖子好象不能利用人其它的血红细胞受体进入体内,这可以由Duffy阴性红细胞的抗性看出。
Duffy血型系统含有两种主要的抗原Fya和Fyb,分别由Fya和Fyb等位基因产生。抗血清抗-Fya和抗Fy-b定义了四种表现型,Fy(a+b-),Fy(a-b+),Fy(a+b+)和Fy(a-b-)。W.L.Marsh,Crit.Rev.Clin.Lab.Sci.,5,387,(1975)。没有一种抗血清能聚合Duffy·Fy(a-b-)细胞,此细胞类型为黑人中主要的表现型。定义为其它表现型的抗血清,Fy3,Fy4和Fy5非常稀少。一鼠的单克隆抗体,抗-Fy6,定义了存在于所有Duffy阳性细胞中的新的Duffy抗原决定簇,但它不存于Fy(a-b-)细胞中。M.E.Nichols,P.Rubinstein,J.Barnwell,S.R.de Cordoba,和R.E.Rosenfield,J.Exp.Med.,166,776(1987)。具有Fy(a-b-)红细胞的黑人不被间日疟原虫感染。这些细胞对诺尔斯氏疟原虫(P.knowlesi)的侵入也具有抗性。诺尔斯氏疟原虫是一种入侵Fy(a+b-)和Fy(a-b+)人红细胞的猴寄生虫。L.H.Miller,S.J.Mason,J.A.Dvorak,M.H.McGinniss和K.I.Rothman,Science,189,561(1985)。因此这些寄生虫入侵红细胞的受体与Duffy血型系统相关。
如下的氨基酸在别处描述中可能由以下3或1个字母的代码表示。氨基酸 3-字母代码 1-字母代码丙氨酸 Ala A精氨酸 Arg R天冬酰胺 Asn N天冬氨酸 Asp D半胱氨酸 Cys C谷氨酰胺 Gln Q谷氨酸 Glu E甘氨酸 Gly G组氨酸 His H异亮氨酸 Ile I亮氨酸 Leu L赖氨酸 Lys K甲硫氨酸 Met M苯丙氨酸 Phe F脯氨酸 Pro P丝氨酸 Ser S苏氨酸 Thr T色氨酸 Trp W酪氨酸 Tyr Y缬氨酸 Val V
利用一抗Fy6单克隆抗体,现已发展了一种从人红细胞中纯化Duffy抗原的程序。Duffy抗原看来是由不同亚单位组成的多体红细胞膜蛋白。一种命名为gpD分子量为35-45kDa的糖蛋白是此蛋白复合物的主要亚基,并且具有由抗Fya、抗Fyb和抗-Fy6抗体确定的抗原决定簇。在分子水平对这一新的蛋白质的描述对发现其在红细胞膜上的功能、了解寄生虫—红细胞识别的过程和解开寄生虫入侵的分子机制是重要的。本发明涉及一编码gpD蛋白质的mRNA的分离、序列分析及组织表达。
gpD蛋白和人及兔的白细胞介素-8受体有显著的序列同源性,因此gpD蛋白极有可能是一类新的趋化细胞因子受体。gpD蛋白cDNA和一人海马cDNA克隆HHCMF86有准全同源性,因此很有可能gpD蛋白或一同源蛋白以一种神经肽受体存在于大脑中。gpD存在于所有的红细胞祖细胞中,并存在作为细胞增殖和/或分化受体的可能性。gpD蛋白cDNA能识别人肾中和骨髓中同样大小的mRNA。由于肾不是促细胞生成器官也没有成为促细胞生成器官的潜能,所以有可能这一推定的趋化物受体具有必需的肾功能。
gpD蛋白在预防疟疾和调节必须的红细胞、神经和肾功能中有医疗价值,并可以和生理可接受的稀释剂结合产生适合于这些目的的治疗剂。
与gpD蛋白中含受体的部分相应的多肽也已被合成。这些多肽具有和gpD蛋白本身相同的治疗应用效果,并且和gpD蛋白情况一样,合成的多肽可以和生理可接受的稀释剂结合产生抗疟疾的疫苗或对调节必须的红细胞、神经和肾功能有用的治疗剂。
gpD蛋白和相应于gpD蛋白一部分的合成肽在生产治疗剂如抗体、互补多肽及以gpD蛋白或合成多肽的三级结构为模型的药物中也有用处,这些蛋白和肽在治疗疟疾、调节必须的红细胞、神经和肾功能中也有治疗价值。
现在将参照附图详细描述本发明,其中:
图1a是两个最长的gpD蛋白cDNA克隆的图解和部分限制性内切酶图谱。图1b是编码gpD蛋白的组合的Fyb71-81 cDNA克隆的核苷酸和氨基酸序列。
图2a是gpD蛋白序列的亲水性图。图2b是一个gpD蛋白膜定向的推定模型。
图3是以Fyb71或Fyb81插入片段为探针的Northern(图3a)和Southern印迹(图3b)。
图4是以Fyb81克隆的插入片段为探针对从人组织获得的poly(A)+RNA的Northern印迹分析。
图5是显示gpD蛋白和海马cDNA克隆HHCMF86间DNA序列同源性的图表。
已分离到编码Duffy血型抗原系统主要亚单位gpD蛋白的四个cDNA克隆。已从这四个cDNA克隆测定了编码gpD蛋白的结构基因的核苷酸序列。序列显示于图1中并被指定为SEQ ID No:1。由于遗传密码的简并性,可能存在其它编码相同gpD蛋白的天然DNA序列。因此本发明扩延到这样的其它天然DNA序列和具有SEQID No:1中显示的相同DNA序列的合成DNA序列及其它这样的天然DNA序列。可由任何常规的方法合成DNA。
图1也显示了gpD蛋白的氨基酸序列。如关于结构基因DNA序列的情况一样,本发明扩展到从天然来源分离的gpD蛋白或由化学合成制备的gpD。可由任何常规方法进行化学合成。
图1中,氨基酸残基编号于左侧;核苷酸位置编号于右侧。相应于预测氨基酸的多肽位置由单实线显示。两个潜在的糖结合位点的天冬酰胺残基由向上箭头显示。第三个糖基化位点,第37位的天冬酰胺,由于其后是天冬氨酸而不可能存在。参见R.D.Marshall,Annu.Rev.Biochem.,41,673(1972)。位于5′末端下的双线是被用来引物延伸5′末端的序列,而在3′末端是添加poly(A)的共有序列。
gpD蛋白质是一高度疏水的膜内糖蛋白,有九个推定的穿膜α-螺旋。相关基因存在于Duffy阳性和阴性个体中,但Duffy阴性个体的骨髓不合成gpD专一性mRNA。在成人肾、脾和胎肝中,这种mRNA和gpD mRNA大小一样;但在脑中mRNA要长的多。已被表征的克隆将提供待研究的元素:(i)gpD基因的结构组份,(ii)gpD蛋白在人骨髓和其它组织中的生物合成和表达,(iii)这种可能存在于其它细胞类型中并可能作为趋化因子受体的新的红细胞膜蛋白的结构—功能,及(iv)gpD蛋白作为间日疟原虫裂殖子入侵受体的作用。
P.Rubinstein等的美国专利5,101,017,已公开了一种针对于gpD蛋白的单克隆抗体(以下称为“Rubinstein抗体”)。Rubinstein抗体通过有效地阻断间日疟原虫疟疾寄生虫的靶分子从而阻止间日疟原虫疟疾寄生虫侵入人血红细胞。有可能Rusinstein抗体有一个和间日疟原虫上配体位点立体化学相同的结合位点,并引发抗独特型抗体与寄生虫反应。由于这些性能,Rusinstein抗体可用于如间日疟原虫感染的免疫诊断、诱导抗独特型反应(如上所述,这产生对抗这些寄生虫的保护作用),和在体内直接阻断寄生虫的红细胞受体。Rubinstein抗体的这些和其它应用的细节在该专利中已述,其整个内容并入本文作为参考。
Rusinstein抗体基本上按照G.Kohler和C.Milstein(Nature,256,495(1975))的方法制备。以Fy(a+b+)型人红细胞免疫小鼠,取出脾并与鼠骨髓瘤细胞系P3/NSO-Ag4-1(NS-O)(从ATCC获得(American Type Culture Collection,Rockville,Maryland))的悬浮液杂交,测定杂交瘤分泌结合人红细胞的抗体。其中一孔发现含结合Fy(a+b-)和Fy(a-b+)型红细胞的抗体,但不能结合Fy(a-b-)型的红细胞。收集该孔中的细胞物,稀释并克隆。发现其中一个克隆能分泌Rubinstein抗体。
如上所述,Rusinstein抗体对gpD蛋白是专一性的,现已被克隆。因此,本发明的gpD蛋白对制备与Rusinstein抗体有相同专一性的单克隆抗体也是有用的。制备这些抗体的方法基本是Rusin-stein抗体采用的相同方法,只是以gpD蛋白免疫而不是以人红细胞免疫鼠。
此外,gpD蛋白的N-末端(胞外)区域已被确认参予疟疾寄生虫和红细胞的相互作用。目前正在进行以合成多肽确认参予相互作用的精确氨基酸残基的工作。以下的多肽已发现在ELISA测试中与Rubinstein抗体结合:
(1)MASSGYVLQAELSPSTENSSQLDFEDVWNSSYGVNDSFPDGDYDANLEAAAPCHSCNLLDDSALPF,其被称为SEQ ID No:8;
(2)MASSGYVLQAELSPSTENSSQLDFEDVWNSSYGVNDSFPDGDYD,
其被称为SEQ ID No:9;和
(3)AELSPSTENSSQLDFEDVWNSSYGVNDSFPDGDYD,其被称为
SEQ ID No:10.以下多肽在ELISA测试中与Rubinstein抗体结合:
(4)DFEDVWNSSYGVNDSFPDGDYD,其被称为SEQID No:11;
(5)ANLEAAAPCHSCNLLDDSALPF,其被称为SEQID No:12;和
(6)AELSPSTENSSQL,其被称为SEQ ID No:13.
多肽(3)结合Rusinstein抗体而多肽(4)和(6)不结合这一事实暗示多肽(6)的C-末端和多肽(4)N-末端间的连接对结合是重要的。被指定为SEQ ID No:14的氨基酸序列AELSP-STENSSQLDFEDVWNSS,可能含有Rubinstein抗体的表位。因此本发明也扩展至含SEQ ID No:14中描述的氨基酸序列的多肽。
指定为SEQ ID No.8、SEQ ID No.9、SEQ ID No.10和SEQ IDNo.14的肽以及含SEQ ID No.14的肽在体内与寄生虫结合,因此可用作抗疟疾疫苗的免疫原。因而本发明还涉及这种疫苗以及保护温血动物(特别是人)抗间日疟原虫感染的方法,该方法包括给予这种动物有效量的所述免疫原。因为合成肽一般讲免疫原性差,最好将肽与一载体偶联,例如蛋白载体如破伤风类毒素、钥孔血蓝素(KLH)等,或脂质载体,如R.Neurath等在美国专利4,847,080和5,204,096(其公开内容并入本文作为参考)或T.Hoppe在美国专利5,019,383(其公开内容并入本文作为参考)中介绍的那些。
本发明的多肽可从天然来源中形成,例如通过gpD蛋白质的蛋白酶裂解,或通过化学合成。多肽的化学合成及多肽与载体的连接的细节可以在美国专利4,847,080和5,204,096中找到。
在本发明的疫苗中,本发明的多肽通常和一种生理可接受的稀释剂(介质)如含一种佐剂的磷酸缓冲盐水一起存在。一般说来,生理可接受稀释剂中多肽的量为每剂量大约1微克到1毫克。
利用gpD蛋白以相似量在相似的稀释剂中也可以形成合适的疫苗,虽然对大多数应用来说使用合成多肽更实际一些。
在每一种情况下,本发明的疫苗可通过皮下、静脉、皮内或肌肉内注射使用。而优选的途径依赖特异的疫苗,肌肉内注射一般将更合适。使用的频率将根据疫苗而异。
已经知道在所有疟原虫疟疾蛋白中确认的结合区域都是同源的,如J.H.Adams等,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,89,7085(1992)。因此gpD蛋白和本发明的多肽结合并妨碍所有疟原虫与红细胞的结合。这就意味着本发明的疫苗一般对抵抗所有的疟疾都有作用,因此本发明扩展到一种保护温血动物抵抗由任何疟原虫所引起的疟疾的方法。
gpD蛋白和红细胞上的白细胞介素-8受体有显著的同源性。这与最近的一篇报道相一致,该报道提出Duffy血型抗原和红细胞趋化因子受体是同一种蛋白。R.Horuk等,“A Receptor for theMalaria Parasite Plasmodium vivax:The Erythrocyte Chemokine Re-ceptor”,Science,261,1182(1993)。红细胞受体明显不同于中性白细胞上的IL-8受体、IL-8RA和IL-8RB。红细胞受体结合一个家族的趋化和炎症前可溶性多肽,包括IL-8、黑素瘤生长刺激活性(MGSA)、单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)及激活时调节的正常T表达和分泌蛋白(RANTES)。引入gpD蛋白(或本发明的合成多肽)干扰这些蛋白与红细胞受体的正常结合,因此对调节分泌这些蛋白的生理学效应有用。例如已经假定红细胞受体作为某些炎症介质(包括IL-8)的净化剂。gpD蛋白的引入(或本发明的合成多肽)因此将加强IL-8的清除,由此减轻任何IL-8引起的炎症。为此目的,上述的本发明疫苗适于作为一种治疗剂。
gpD蛋白与一人海马cDNA克隆HHCMF86也显示出显著的同源性,因此极有可能gpD蛋白或另一同源蛋白以一种神经肽受体存在于脑中。gpD蛋白在人肾中识别一和骨髓中同样大小的mR-NA,因此,gpD蛋白或一种同源蛋白在调节肾功能中起某种作用。发明的治疗剂将相应地用于这些神经和肾功能的调节上。
与gpD蛋白或本发明的合成多肽互补的蛋白质如gpD特异性抗体,将阻断天然受体,因此也将具有上述的治疗作用。在这些互补蛋白质的制备中,gpD蛋白或本发明的合成多肽的使用有明显的价值。
本发明将根据下述非限制性实施例作进一步描述。实施例1:gpD蛋白的部分氨基酸序列分析
红细胞(Fy(a-b+))用冷的磷酸缓冲盐溶液(PBS)(pH7.4)洗三次,重新悬浮于同样溶液中,与浓度为每ml压紧的红细胞10微克的Rubinstein抗体4℃连续混合过夜。(此浓度以放射碘标记抗体确定,超过这一浓度需要饱和Duffy抗原位点)。未结合的抗体以冷PBS洗涤红细胞而去除。以20倍体积含1mM苯甲基磺酰氟和每毫升100激肽稀放酶失活单位TrasylolTM(抑肽酶)的冷5mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH7.4)通过低渗裂解制备红细胞影。然后彻底洗红细胞影直至其变为淡粉红色。以43,000xg离心30分钟收集红细胞影,倒掉上清,沉淀悬于50mM Hepes-NaOH,pH8.0,1mM苯甲磺酰氟,每毫升100个激肽释放失活单位的Trasylol中,在-20℃冰冻。
冰冻的红细胞影随后融化,43,000xg离心30分钟。沉淀重新悬浮于50mM Hepes-NaOH,pH8.0,1mM苯甲磺酰氟、每毫升100个激肽释放酶失活单位TrasylolTM中,体积为压紧红细胞最初体积的3倍。加入Triton X-100TM(无过氧化物)去污剂至最终浓度为1%,溶液在室温温和混合1小时。43,000xg离心30分钟去除外壳。上清液在氮压下以PMY10滤膜(Amicon Corp.)通过Amicon浓缩器浓缩10倍。
加0.1倍体积、10倍于正常浓度的PBS溶液于去污剂提取液中。去污剂提取物然后和偶联了抗—鼠IgG的Sepharose 4BTM珠在室温下温育1小时。Sepharose 4BTM珠与去污剂提取物的比例为1∶100(v/v)。通过离心去除抗—鼠IgG Sepharose珠,用含有PBS和0.5%Triton X-100的溶液洗涤,珠与洗涤溶液的比例为1∶20(v/v)。洗涤在室温下进行,重复三次。通过把珠子在含有62.5mMTris-HCl(pH6.8),0.5%十二磺基硫酸钠(SDS)的溶液中温育进行洗脱,珠和洗脱溶液的比例为1∶2(v/v)。温育在65℃进行10分钟并重复三次。洗脱物用PMY10TM滤膜在Amicon浓缩器中在氮压下浓缩。
根据U.K.Laemmli,Nature,227,680(1970),在0.1%SDS存在的条件下进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,但作以下修改:丙烯酰胺的浓度为10%,聚合反应过夜破坏氧化剂,在上面槽中加入0.1mM的巯基乙酸盐。向亲和纯化物的浓缩溶液中加入以下化合物:尿素至4M,SDS至2%,和β-巯基乙醇至5%。电泳后凝胶在10%异戊醇和5%醋酸中固定30分钟,并用0.002%考马斯亮蓝R-250染色直至看见标准蛋白带。相应于34-46kDa间和96kDa以上的区域被切下,用5%醋酸脱色几次,并用双蒸水洗涤。胶片于-20℃保存或立即使用。
切成4×4mm立方体的胶片放入一ElutrapTM装置(Schleichorand Schuell)的洗脱室中,用50mM碳酸氢铵、0.1%SDS溶液在100伏(稳压)洗脱过夜。加入新鲜的50mM碳酸氢铵、0.1%SDS溶液,再继续电洗脱6-8小时。洗脱物用CentriconTM微浓缩器(AmiconCorp.)浓缩。
纯化的蛋白质按如下被烷基化并用溴化氰(CNBr)裂解:纯化的蛋白质用冷丙酮在1mM HCl存在条件下-20℃沉淀两小时。沉淀用100%冷丙酮洗涤,室温蒸发至干并溶于加有0.5%SDS的0.1MTris-HCl(pH8.0)中。向溶液中加入固体DTT使其终浓度为10mg/ml,溶液在85℃还原两小时。向溶液中加入十分之一体积的2.68M碘乙酰胺,试管用氮气吹洗,于室温下在黑暗中温育30分钟。温育后,加入固体DTT至10mg/ml,对加有0.5%SDS的0.1M Tris-HCl(pH8.0)透析过夜。蛋白用丙酮按如上述沉淀并风干。将沉淀溶于96μl 70%甲酸和4μl溶于70%甲酸的1M CNBr溶液中,黑暗中在室温温育48小时。将酸蒸发干,用水洗涤沉淀,蒸发至干、反复几次。消化的蛋白或进行高压液相(HPLC)或进行聚丙烯酰凝胶分级分离。
通过利用邻苯二甲醛(OPA)阻断试剂(见,A.W.Brauer等,Anal Biochem.,137,134(1983))对未分级分离的CNBr消化产物测序而获得Pe1(SEQ ID No:2)多肽。Pe5(SEQ ID No:6)多肽是从经过三层SDS-PAGE系统(参见,H.Shagger et al.,Anal.Biochem.,168,368(1987))的CNBr消化产物中分离得非常好的唯一片段(~4KDa)的部分序列。跑完电泳后,将此肽片段电印迹至Prob lottTM(Applied Biosystems)并测序(见,N.LeGendre et al.,APractical Guide to Protein and Peptide Purification for Microse-quencing,P.T.Matsudaira,ed.,(Academic Press,New York),49~69(1989))。另一份用胃蛋白酶(50/1比率)37℃消化过夜,应用Vydac C-18柱经反相HPLC分离这些片段。Pe2(SEQ ID No:3),Pe3(SEQ ID No:4),Pe4(SEQ ID No:5)和Pe6(SEQ ID No:7)肽作为单峰从反相HPLC柱上洗脱,为经反相HPLC产生的少数几种胃蛋白酶肽,对它们进行测序。根据厂商的说明使用Applied Biosys-tems Protein/Peptide SequencerTM470或477型。以100/1比率,4℃30分钟或60分钟进行胃蛋白酶消化没有产生大的肽。实施例2:引物设计和聚合酶链式反应(PCR)
Pe5(SEQ ID No:6)为最有希望来制备用以筛选gpD蛋白克隆的探针。Pe2(SEQ ID No:3),Pe3(SEQ ID No:4),Pe4(SEQ ID No:5)和Pe6(SEQ ID No:7)肽太短不适于PCR扩增,Pe1(SEQ ID No:2)肽较大,但它有三个不明确的残基。
引物(每个含23个碱基)的核苷酸序列由Pe5(SEQ ID No:6)(见图1b)的N-末端和C-末端氨基酸序列推演而来。因为Pe5(SEQ ID No:6)肽是通过CNBr裂解而产生的,所以N-末端包含一甲硫氨酸从而将肽的长度增加至24个残基。按照R.Lathe在J.Mol.Biol.,183,111(1985)中描述的密码子优先原则选择碱基,该文献内容并入本文作为参考;在除3′端外简并超过三倍的位置引入脱氧肌苷(I)。
化学合成了两个的针对N-末端氨基酸(引物A)和C-末端氨基酸(引物B)的引物,并用于从混合的Fy(a-b+)个体的人骨髓mRNA中扩增Pe5(SEQ ID No:6)的编码序列。引物A(正义的)针对于残基245至252(见图1b),并由12重简并度的5′-ATGAAX-ATYXTITGGGCITGGTT(其中I=脱氧肌苷;X=C或T;和Y=C,T或A)组成。引物B(反义的)针对于残基261-268(见图1b),并由32重简并度的5′-ACIAGMAAMTCIAGICCIAMNAC(其中I=脱氧肌苷;M=A或G;和N=G,A,T,或C)组成。
应用来自BRL(Bethesda,Maryland)的预扩增试剂盒并以寡聚dT作为引物从Fy(a-b+)表型的mRNA中合成cDNA的第一条链。为了酶法扩增,cDNA、引物A、引物B和Taq聚合酶(Strata-gene)被孵育于一Perkin-Elmer DNA热循环仪上。将预期大小(72bp)的扩增产物亚克隆到pBluescript-SK载体(Stratagene)上。插入片段的推演氨基酸序列与Pe5(SEQ ID No:6)肽(见图1b)的序列匹配。根据肽Pe5(SEQ ID No:6)的序列WFIFWWPH,化学合成了寡聚核苷酸TGGTTTATTTTCTGGTGGCCTCAT(SEQ IDNo:16),通过T4多聚核苷酸激酶(New England Biolabs)在5′末端用32P标记,并用作标针以筛选人骨髓cDNA文库(见下文)。该具有针对氨基酸251至258的密码习惯的24碱基寡核苷酸成功地鉴定出了真正的gpD蛋白cDNA克隆。实施例3:人mRNA和DNA的分离
Poly(A)+RNA提取如下:洗涤人骨髓抽吸物,并在5%β-巯基乙醇加6M硫氰酸胍,25mM柠檬酸钠(pH7.0),50mM乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)的溶液中裂解细胞,使胍终浓度为5M。溶液通过一25G皮下注射针头以剪切DNA,并加入2%的Sarkosyl。溶液在一5.7MCsCl,50mM EDTA(pH7.0)垫层上在SW41转子中以32krpm 20℃离心18小时。沉淀用6M盐酸胍洗涤,最后用干冰预冷的无水乙醇洗涤。沉淀重新悬浮于焦碳酸二乙酯处理的水中,调整至0.3M乙酸钠(pH5.2),并用乙醇沉淀。沉淀重新悬浮于蛋白酶K降解缓冲液中并于37℃降解2小时,酚-氯仿抽提并用乙醇沉淀。将沉淀溶解于水中,调整至1×DNase降解缓冲液,并用不含RNase的DNase(BRL)处理。使用Invitrogen的mRNA提取试剂盒FASTTRACKTM,根据厂商的操作流程提取PolyA+RNA。源于白种成人肝、脾、肾、脑和胎肝,及红白血病细胞K562的mRNA从CLON-TECH LABORATORIES获得。通过用0.83%NH4Cl pH7.4裂解全血中血红细胞,接着应用由T.Maniatis,E.F.Fritsh和J.Sam-brook在Molecular Cloning.A Laboratory Mannal(Cold Spring Har-bor Lab.,Cold Spring Harbor,N.Y.)(1982)中所述的DNA提取标准流程(其全部内容特此引用作为参考),从四种Duffy表型的外周血白细胞中得到DNA。实施例4:gpD蛋白cDNA克隆的核苷酸序列
一种从混合的Fy(a-b+)个体mRNA构建的非扩增人骨髓cDNA文库,用24碱基探针进行筛选。从1.9×106重组λZAPIITM噬菌体中,筛选出4个阳性克隆并测序。所有克隆具有重叠序列但没有覆盖gpD cDNA的全长。Fyb81和Fyb71是最长的,1085bp的Fyb81是唯一含有最终的5′末端的克隆,1083bp的Fyb71包括核苷酸185位至poly(A)+尾。989bp的Fyb31和726bp的Fyb82分别包括从核苷酸275和527位至Poly(A)尾。Fyb81和其它任何克隆组合,产生gpD蛋白的全长cDNA。图1a表示了两个最长克隆的重叠和组合。
接合的Fyb71-81克隆预示了一起始于176位和终止于1192位的开放读码框架,其编码339个氨基酸残基的多肽(图1b)。应用BLASTTM网络服务系统,在NεBI上进行GenBankTM序列检索(re-lease 77),显示与人和兔白细胞介素-8受体的明显的蛋白序列同源性,并且与人海马cDNA克隆HHCMF86(见下文)具有准全核苷酸序列同源性。反义引物的延伸产物(从57至80位,图1b),形成一与Fyb81克隆5′末端的预期大小完全吻合的80个核苷核的序列(未显示)。起始密码子在176~178位上,而没有嵌入在与哺乳动物翻译启始最常相关的序列中,见M.Kozak,Nucleic Acids Res.,87,8125(1987)。但是,根据下列原因可以推测它就是真正的起始密码子:(i)在5′末端,它是唯一的ATG密码子;和(ii)从第一个甲硫氨酸开始,由重组克隆所编码的多肽具有与去糖基化的gpD蛋白相同的分子量。见,A.Chaudhuri和A.O.Pogo(in press)的BloodCell Bio-chemistry.eds.J.P.Cartron and P.Rouger.(Plenum Press,NewYork)Vol 6。在3′末端,克隆Fyb71-81含有通用的Poly(A)加尾信号AATTAAA(图1b)。
两个克隆具有很好的核苷酸序列匹配,除了在5′末端几个碱基取代产生6个不同的预期氨基酸。这些差异不是测序错误,因为两条DNA链经多次测序。它们是蛋白异源性的结果,因为该cDNA文库是从几个Fy(a-b+)个体的mRNA构建的。
为了确定Fy71-81具有针对于gpD蛋白的编码序列,将翻译的序列与从六种肽Pe1~Pe6得到的部分氨基酸序列资料进行比较。预期的氨基酸序列各部分与用OPA试剂测序的Pe1(SEQ ID No:2)肽,与用反相HPLC分离的四种肽(Pe2(SEQ ID No:3),Pe3(SEQID No:4),Pe4(SEQ ID No:5),和Pe6(SEQ ID No:7)肽),和与用SDS-PAGE分离的Pe5(SEQ ID No:6)肽相吻合。但是,在全部的62个氨基酸中有2个不吻合。因此,通过密码子序列分析在92和327位的残基为色氨酸,但通过氨基酸序列测定,它们分别是异亮氨酸和精氨酸。因为色氨酸是一种很不稳定的残基,这一差异可能是氨基酸序列分析中的技术问题。另一方面,可能是由于gpD蛋白的异源性。
Fyb71-81编码gpD蛋白的其它证据可来自Northern印迹和ELISA分析。Fyb81在Duffy阴性个体中没有检测到任何mRNA,而在Duffy阳性个体中可以检测到1~1.27kb代表全长gpD mRNA的转录本(图3a)。抗-Fy6抗体可与一从Fyb71-81克隆可以预示的35个氨基酸的合成肽(9-44残基,见图1b)反应,(未显示)。Fy(a-b-)表型缺少gpD蛋白特定的mRNA(见下文)和抗-Fy6与由gpD cDNA得到的肽的反应,强烈地说明该分离克隆为真正的Duffy克隆。实施例5:gpD蛋白的氨基酸序列和膜拓扑结构
Fyb71-81克隆的预期翻译产物,为一等电点5.65及分子量为Mr35,733的酸性蛋白。该蛋白仅在氨末端带有两个用于天冬酰胺残基N-糖基化的潜在的规范序列。见R.D.Marshall,Annu.Rev.Biochem.,41,673(1972)。这与N-糖苷酶F消化增加gpD在SDS-PAGE上的迁移率和N-乙酰葡糖胺的化学检测的早期研究相一致。见A.Chaudhuri和A.O.Pogo,supra;M.J.A.Tanner,D.J.Anstee,G.Mallison,K.Ridgwell,P.G.Mantin,N.D.Aventi,和S.F.Parsons,Carbohydr.Res.,178,203(1988);和K.Wasniowaska,P.E-ichenberger,F.Kugele,和T.J.Hadley,Biochem.Biophy.Res.Com-mun.,192,366(1993)。
应用Engelman等(Ann.Rev.Biophys.Chem.15,321(1986))的亲水图从序列资料中预测跨膜螺旋的位置,并且一20残基扫描窗显示出大部分蛋白镶嵌于膜中(图2)。可以预测9个跨膜α-螺旋,N-末端66个残基的亲水结构域,C末端25个氨基酸的亲水结构域,及短的突出的亲水性连接区段。一对螺旋D和E由于十分靠近,所以它们排列成一对反平行螺旋。gpD蛋白拓扑结构图示于图2。
由Hartman等(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,86,5786(1989))提出的电荷差规则,可预测N末端位于胞外侧,蛋白的C末端位于膜的细胞质一侧。N-末端两个潜在N-糖基化位点的发现证实了N-末端的预测。而且,抗-Fy6与由该结构域推演而来的合成肽的反应也从试验上确定了其胞外位置,因为该抗体与红细胞结合。膜插入的信号锚序列可能位于N-末端区域之后的第一个α-螺旋中,见H.P.Wessels和M.Spies,Cell,55,61(1988);和G.Blobel,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,77,1496(1980)。根据上述,该蛋白深埋在膜中,并在残基314开始存在于膜的胞质侧(图2)。螺旋、亲水性连接区段和C-末端片段的位置的拓扑结构预测,应该通过直接的生化和免疫化学分析加以证实。
Duffy gpD蛋白深埋于膜中,如同条带3的膜相关片段(见D.Jay,Annu.Rev.Biochem.,55,511(1986))、人Rh血型多肽(见,B.Chérif-Zahar et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,87,6243(1990);及N.D.Avent et al.,Biochem.J.,271,821(1990)),细菌视紫红质(见P.Carlton et al.,EMBO J.,4,1593(1985))和Lipophilin(见W.Stoffel et al.Hoppe-Seyler’Z.Physiol.Chem.,364,1455(1983))一样。gpD蛋白与白细胞介素-8受体的显著同源性是非常严格的。见W.E.Holmes et al.,Science,253,1278(1991);和P.M.Murphy et al.,Science,253,1280(1991)。如果gpD蛋白结合趋化因子并具有激活信号传导级联系统的能力,这使得gpD蛋白成为新的一类炎症前介质。因此,白细胞内不存在gpD蛋白,因为抗纯化、失活的gpD蛋白的兔多克隆抗体(抗-gpD)与红细胞及其前体反应,而不与任何白细胞反应(未发表的结果)。实施例6:RNA印迹分析(Northern)
对Poly(A)+RNA进行甲醛/琼脂糖凝胶电泳并转移到Hy-bondTMN+尼龙膜(Amersham Corp.)上。根据厂商说明,将膜在QuickHybTM(Stratagene)上杂交并洗膜。
在Norrhern印迹分析中,Fyb71或Fyb81克隆在三个Duffy阳性表型的骨髓中检测到~1.27kb mRNA,但在Fy(a-b-)表型个体中并未检测到(图3a)。在Duffy阴性个体中缺少gpD mRNA与缺乏gpD蛋白相一致。抗-gpD抗体不与任何Fy(a+b-)红细胞的红细胞膜蛋白反应(未显示)。Duffy阴性个体不表达gpD蛋白,因为它们不能合成Duffy特异性mRNA。
在图3a中,泳道1含有10μg Fy(a-b-)mRNA,泳道2和3分别含有5μg Fy(a+ b~)mRNA和Ry(a-b+)mRNA,及泳道4含有2μg Fy(a+b+)mRNA。它们于2%变性琼脂糖凝胶上分离、印迹、杂交并在-80℃放射自显影72小时。RNA大小标准显示为:人28S(5.1kb)和18S(2.0kb)rRNA,及1.35kb GIBCOBRL标准(LIFETECHNOLOGIES),其用于计算gpD mRNA的大小。底部的肌动蛋白探针作为样品上样量的对照。在Poly(A)+组和肌动蛋白探针中存在两种rRNA显示出RNA的完整性。实施例7:DNA印迹分析(Southern)
根据供应商(New England Biolabs)所建议的条件进行所有的限制性酶消化。降解的DNA在0.8%的琼脂糖凝胶上进行大小分离并按Northern分析中所述方法印迹。根据厂商说明,在Quick-HybTM溶液中68℃杂交1小时。
在Soufhern印迹分析中,Fyb71或Fyb81探针与Duffy阳性和阴性个体的DNA杂交(图3b)。它们确定为在BamHI中的6.5kb单一带,在EcoRI中的12kb和2kb两条带,及在Pst1降解的DNA中为3.5kb和1.4Kb两条带。这些发现与Fyb71和Fyb81的限制性酶谱相一致并显示出为单拷贝基因。Duffy阳性和阴性个体的基因中结构差异的确定,应能阐明在阴性个体中gpD基因阻遏的机制。在其它系统中描述的功能性沉默子元件可以在Fy(a-b-)个体的红细胞中选择性地抑制gpD基因的转录。见L.Li,T.Suzuki,N.Mori,和P.Greengard,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,90,1460(1993)。Duffy系统与ABO(F.Yamarmoto et al,Nature,345,229(1990))和Kell系统不同,这些系统中不表达血型决定簇的个体中仍可发现mRNA。
在图3b中,每一泳道中含10μg降解的DNA;泳道1-4含有Fy(a-b-)DNA,泳道5-8含Fy(a+b-)DNA,泳道9至12含Fy(a-b+)DNA。酶降解如下:泳道1,5和9为BamHI;泳道2,6和10为EcoRI;泳道3,7,和11为Hinf1;泳道4,8和12为Pst1。它们于0.8%琼脂糖凝胶上分离、印迹、杂交并在-80℃放射自显影7天。根据GIBCOBRL DNA标准的位置计算大小。
如图4所示,可在成人脾和肾、胎肝中发现1.27Kb mRNA,但在成人肝和K562红白血病细胞中未发现。用β-球蛋白探针杂交在骨髓和胎肝中显示出很强的信号;成人脾中显示微弱信号,但成人肝、脑和肾中没有信号显示(未表示)。胎肝中存在gpD mRNA是预料之中的,因为胎肝是促红细胞生成器官。在人脑中,可检测到一8.5kb强带和2.2kb弱带。这存在许多含人感兴趣的可能性。这表明在脑中存在Duffy相关蛋白。而且,这一见解由Fyb71-81克隆与人海马cDNA克隆HHCMF86之间的准全同源性所支持,后者最近被鉴定(见M.D.Adams等,Nature,355,632(1992))并定为SEQID No:15。但是,8.5kb脑mRNA不可能编码Duffy蛋白而带有长的5′和3′非翻译序列。该脑mRNA可能编码了与gpD蛋白具有广泛同源性的较大的蛋白。这些种类的mRNA与gpD特定的mRNA之间的同源性仍有待于通过序列分析加以证实;但是,这一发现有力地表明在肾、非生血性脾细胞和可能在脑中产生gpD蛋白或一相似的蛋白。
图5代表显示gpD蛋白和人海马cDNA克隆HHCMF86的DNA序列同源性的图表。该HHCMF86 cDNA克隆来自一两岁女性高加索人(Adams et al.Nature,355,632(1992))。在HHCMF86中存在几个未确定的碱基,而且这两个克隆具有相同的直到gpD蛋白623位为止的ORF(在HHCMF86中为296)。HHCMF86在此位置后有一个额外的腺嘌呤,在ORF中产生移码。该额外的腺嘌呤很可能是HHCMF86 cDNA的测序错误。
在图4中,泳道1,3,5和7分别含有2μg Fy(a-b+)骨髓、胎肝、成人脾和红白血病(K562)mRNA。泳道2,4和6分别含有7μg全脑、成人肝和成人肾mRNA。它们在1.5%变性琼脂糖凝胶上分离并于-80℃放射自显影5天。实施例8:人骨髓cDNA文库的构建和筛选
几个Fy(a-b+)个体mRNA的混合物,BRL SuperscriptChoiceTM System和作为引物的寡聚dT用以制备cDNA。将该cD-NA连接到λZAPIITM载体上并用Gigapack GoldTM(Stratagene)抽提物包装。用上述的32P标记的探针筛选约1.9×106个非扩增cD-NA克隆。根据厂商的操作流程通过质粒拯救方法分离插入到pBluescript的cDNA。应用载体引物对DNA双链进行测序;根据转录本的已测序的区域设计引物。实施例9:引物延伸
应用预扩增试剂盒(Preamplification Kit)(BRL),从编码链(图1b)57至80位的32P标记的24核苷酸的反义引物在Fy(a-b+)mRNA上延伸。产物在6%的测序胶上分离。M13序列梯用于确定产物的大小。
应认识到本说明书和权利要求只是说明性质的而非限制性的,而且在不背离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可进行各种修饰和改变。
序列表(1)一般信息:
(i)申请人:Pogo,Angel Oscar;Chaudhuri,Asok.
(ii)发明题目:DUFFY血型抗原的克隆
(iii)序列数:16
(iv)联系地址:
(A)收信人:Sprung Horn Kramer & Woods
(B)街道:660 White Plains Road
(C)城市:Tarry town
(D)州:NeW York
(E)国家:USA
(F)邮政编码:10591-5144
(v)计算机可读形式:
(A)媒介类型:软盘,3.5英寸,800kb贮存
(B)计算机:Apple Macintosh
(C)操作系统:System 7.0
(D)软件:WordPerfect
(vi)本申请资料
(A)申请号:未指定
(B)申请日:1994年10月20日
(C)分类:未指定
(vii)优先申请资料
(A)申请号:US 08/140,797
(B)申请日:1993年10月21日
(viii)律师/代理人资料:
(A)姓名:Kurt G.Briscoe
(B)注册号:33,141
(C)参考/卷号:NYBC 265-KGB
(ix)电话联系资料:
(A)电话:(914)332-1700
(B)传真:(914)332-1844(2)SEQ ID No:1的信息
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:1267核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:双链
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:1GGCTTCCCCA GGACTGTTCC TGCTCCGGCT CTTCAGGCTC 40CCTGCTTTGT CCTTTTCCAC TGTCCGCACT GCATCTGACT 80CCTGCAGAGA CCTTGTTCTC CCACCCGACC TTCCTCTCTG 120TCCTCCCCTC CCACCTGCCC CTCAGTTCCC AGGAGACTCT 160TCCGGTGTAA CTCTG ATG GCC TCC TCT GGG TAT GTC CTC 199
Met Ala Ser Ser Gly Tyr Val LeuCAG GCG GAG CTC TCC CCC TCA ACT GAG AAC TCA AGT CAG 238Gln Ala Glu Leu Ser Pro Ser Thr Glu Asn Ser Ser GlnCTG GAC TTC GAA GAT GTA TGG AAT TCT TCC TAT GGT GTG 277Leu Asp Phe Glu Asp Val Trp Asn Ser Ser Tyr Gly ValAAT GAT TCC TTC CCA GAT GGA GAC TAT GAT GCC AAC CTG 316Asn Asp Ser Phe Pro Asp Gly Asp Tyr Asp Ala Asn LeuGAA GCA GCT GCC CCC TGC CAC TCC TGT AAC CTG CTG GAT 355Glu Ala Ala Ala Pro Cys Asn Ser Cys Asn Leu Leu AspGAC TCT GCA CTG CCC TTC TTC ATC CTC ACC AGT GTC CTG 394Asp Ser Ala Leu Pro Phe Phe Ile Leu Thr Ser Val LeuGGT ATC CTA GCT AGC AGC ACT GTC CTC TTC ATG CTT TTC 433Gly Ile Leu Ala Ser Ser Thr Val Leu Phe Met Leu PheAGA CCT CTC TTC CGC TGG CAG CTC TGC CCT GGC TGG CCT 472Arg Pro Leu Phe Arg Trp Gln Leu Cys Pro Gly Trp ProGTC CTG GCA CAG CTG GCT GTG GGC AGT GCC CTC TTC AGC 511Val Leu Ala Gln Leu Ala Val Gly Ser Ala Leu Phe SerATT GTG GTG CCC GTC TTG GCC CCA GGG CTA GGT AGC ACT 550Ile Val Val Pro Val Leu Ala Pro Gly Leu Gly Ser ThrCGC AGC TCT GCC CTG TGT AGC CTG GGC TAC TGT GTC TGG 589Arg Ser Ser Ala Leu Cys Ser Leu Gly Tyr Cys Val TrpTAT GGC TCA GCC TTT GCC CAG GCT TTG CTG CTA GGG TGC 628Tyr Gly Ser Ala Phe Ala Gln Ala Leu Leu Leu Gly CysCAT GCC TCC CTG GGC CAC AGA CTG GGT GCA GGC CAG GTC 667Asn Ala Ser Leu Gly Asn Arg Leu Gly Ala Gly Gln ValCCA GGC CTC ACC CTG GGG CTC ACT GTG GGA ATT TGG GGA 706Pro Gly Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Thr Val Gly Ile Trp GlyGTG GCT GCC CTA CTG ACA CTG CCT GTC ACC CTG GCC AGT 745Val Ala Ala Leu Leu Thr Leu Pro Val Thr Leu Ala SerGGT GCT TCT GGT GGA CTC TGC ACC CTG ATA TAC AGC ACG 784Gly Ala Ser Gly Gly Leu Cys Thr Leu Ile Tyr Ser ThrGAG CTG AAG GCT TTG CAG GCC ACA CAC ACT GTA GCC TGT 823Lys Leu Lys Ala Leu Gln Ala Thr Asn Thr Val Ala CysCTT GCC ATC TTT GTC TTG TTG CCA TTG GGT TTG TTT GGA 862Leu Ala Ile Phe Val Leu Leu Pro Leu Gly Leu Phe GlyGCC AAG GGG CTG AAG AAG GCA TTG GGT ATG GGG CCA GGC 901Ala Lys Gly Leu Lys Lys Ala Leu Gly Met Gly Phe GlyCCC TGG ATG AAT ATC CTG TGG GCC TGG TTT ATT TTC TGG 940Pro Trp Met Asn Ile Leu Trp Ala Trp Phe Ile Phe TrpTGG CCT CAT GGG GTG GTT CTA GGA CTG GAT TTC CTG GTG 979Trp Pro Asn Gly Val Val Leu Gly Leu Asp Phe Leu Val AGG TCC AAG CTG TTG CTG TTG TCA ACA TGT CTG GCC CAG 1018Arg Ser Lys Leu Leu Leu Leu Ser Thr Cys Leu Ala GlnCAG GCT CTG GAC CTG CTG CTG AAC CTG GCA GAA GCC CTG 1057Gln Ala Leu Asp Leu Leu Leu Met Leu Ala Glu Ala LeuGCA ATT TTG CAC TGT GTG GCT ACG CCC CTG CTC CTC GCC 1096Ala Ile Leu Asn Cys Val Ala Thr Pro Leu Leu Leu AlaCTA TTC TGC CAC CAG GCC ACC CGC ACC CTC TTG CCC TCT 1135Leu Phe Cys Lys Gln Ala Thr Arg Thr Leu Leu Pro SerCTG CCC CTC CCT GAA GGA TGG TCT TCT CAT CTG GAC ACC 1174Leu Pro Leu Pro Glu Gly Trp Ser Ser Asn Leu Asp ThrCTT GGA AGC AAA TCC TAGTTCTCTT CCCACCTGTC AACCTGAATT 1219Leu Gly Ser Lys SerAAAGTCTACA CTGCCTTTGT GAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAA 1259AAAAAAAA 1267(2)SEQ ID No:2信息
(i)序列特征
(A)长度:48个核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:2CCTCTCTTCC GCTGGCAGCT CTGCCCTGGC TGGCCTGTCC 40TGGCACAG 48(2)SEQ ID No:3信息
(i)序列特征
(A)长度:15个核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:3
TTCAGCATTG TGGTG(2)SEQ ID No:4的信息
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:15个核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:4
TTTGCCCAGG CTTTG(2)SEQ ID NO:5的信息
(i)序列特征
(A)长度:9个核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:5
GTGGGAATT(2)SEQ ID No:6的信息
(i)序列特征
(A)长度:72个核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线型(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:6:ATGAATATCC TGTGGGCCTG GTTTATTTTC TGGTGGCCTC 40CTCATGGGGT TCTAGGACTG GATTTCCTGG TG 72(2)SEQ ID NO:7的信息:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:27个核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:7:
CCCTCTCTGC CCCTCCCTGA AGGATGG(2)SEQ ID No:8的信息:
(i)序列特征
(A)长度:66个氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:8:Met Ala Ser Ser Gly Tyr Val Leu Gln Ala Glu Leu Ser Pro Ser
5 10 15Thr Glu Asn Ser Ser Gln Leu Asp Phe Glu Asp Val Trp Asn Ser
20 25 30Ser Tyr Gly Val Asn Asp Ser Phe Pro Asp Gly Asp Tyr Asp Ala
35 40 45Asn Leu Glu Ala Ala Ala Pro Cys His Ser Cys Asn Leu Leu Asp
50 55 60Asp Ser Ala Leu Pro Phe
65(2)SEQ ID No:9的信息:
(i)序列特征
(A)长度:44个氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:9:
Met Ala Ser Ser Gly Tyr Val Leu Gln Ala Glu Leu Ser Pro Ser
5 10 15
Thr Glu Asn Ser Ser Gln Leu Asp Phe Glu Asp Val Trp Asn Ser
20 25 30
Ser Tyr Gly Val Asn Asp Ser Phe Pro Asp Gly Asp Tyr Asp
35 40(2)SEQ ID No:10的信息:
(i)序列特征
(A)长度:35个氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:10:
Ala Glu Leu Ser Pro Ser Thr Glu Asn Ser Ser Gln Leu Asp Phe
5 10 15
Glu Asp Val Trp Asn Ser Ser Tyr Gly Val Asn Asp Ser Phe Pro
20 25 30
Asp Gly Asp Tyr Asp
35(2)SEQ ID No:11的信息:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:22个氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:11:
Asp Phe Glu Asp Val Trp Asn Ser Ser Tyr Gly Val Asn Asp Ser
5 l0 15
Phe Pro Asp Gly Asp Tyr Asp
20(2)SEQ ID No:12的信息
(i)序列特征
(A)长度:22个氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:12:Ala Asn Leu Glu Ala Ala Ala Pro Cys His Ser Cys Asn Leu Leu
5 10 15Asp Asp Ser Ala Leu Pro Phe
20(2)SEQ ID No:13的信息:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:13个氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:13:Ala Glu Leu Ser Pro Ser Thr Glu Asn Ser Ser Gln Leu
5 10(2)SEQ ID No:14的信息:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:22个氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(D)拓扑结构:线型(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:14:Ala Glu Leu Ser Pro Ser Thr Glu Asn Ser Ser Gln Leu Asp Phe
5 10 15Glu Asp Val Trp Asn Ser Ser
20(2)SEQ ID No:15的信息:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:328个核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:15:CCACTCCTGT AACCTGCTGG ATGACTCTGC ACTGCCCTTC 40TTCATCCTCA CCAGTGTCCT GGGTATCCTA GCTAGCAGCA 80CTGTCCTCTT CATGCTTTTN AGACCTCTCT TCCGCTGGCA 120GCTCTGCCCT GGCTGGCCTG TCCTGGCACA GCTGGCTGTG 160GGCAGTGCCC TCTTCAGCAT TGTGGTGCCC GTTTTGGCCC 200CAGGGCTAGG TAGCACTCGC AGCTCTGCCC TGTGTAGCCT 240GGGCTACTGT GTCTGGTATG GCTCAGCCTT TGNCCAGGCT 280TTGCTGCTAA GGGTGCCATG CCTCCCTGGG NCACAGACTG 320GGTGCAGG 328(2)SEQ ID No:16的信息:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:24个核苷酸
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线型
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID No:16:
TGGTTTATTT TCTGGTGGCC TCAT
Claims (20)
1.分离或合成的编码gpD蛋白的DNA。
2.根据权利要求1的分离或合成的DNA,其具有SEQ ID No:1所示的核苷酸序列。
3.分离或合成的未变性的gpD蛋白。
4.含有SEQ ID No:14中所示的氨基酸序列的肽。
5.根据权利要求4的肽,其含有SEQ ID No:8所示的氨基酸序列。
6.根据权利要求4的肽,其含有SEQ ID No:9所示的氨基酸序列。
7.根据权利要求4的肽,其含有SEQ ID No:10所示的氨基酸序列。
8.根据权利要求4的肽,其含有SEQ ID No:14所示的氨基酸序列。
9.用于保护温血动物抵抗疟疾感染的疫苗,其包含对此有效量的权利要求3的分离或合成gpD蛋白。
10.用于保护温血动物抵抗疟疾感染的疫苗,其包含与生理可接受稀释剂混合的对此有效量的权利要求4的肽。
11.根据权利要求10的疫苗,其中该肽具有SEQ ID No:8所示的氨基酸序列。
12.根据权利要求10的疫苗,其中该肽具有SEQ ID No:9所示的氨基酸序列。
13.根据权利要求10的疫苗,其中该肽具有SEQ ID No:10所示的氨基酸序列。
14.根据权利要求10的疫苗,其中该肽具有SEQ ID No:14所示的氨基酸序列。
15.保护温血动物免于疟疾感染的方法,包括给予所述动物对此有效量的权利要求3的分离或合成gpD蛋白。
16.保护温血动物免于疟疾感染的方法,包括给予所述动物对此有效量的权利要求4的肽。
17.根据权利要求16的方法,其中该肽具有SEQ ID No:8所示的氨基酸序列。
18.根据权利要求16的方法,其中该肽具有SEQ ID No:9所示的氨基酸序列。
19.根据权利要求16的方法,其中该肽具有SEQ ID No:10所示的氨基酸序列。
20.根据权利要求16的方法,其中该肽具有SEQ ID No:14所示的氨基酸序列。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/140,797 US5578714A (en) | 1993-10-21 | 1993-10-21 | DNA encoding Duffy 9pd protein |
US08/140,797 | 1993-10-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1133564A true CN1133564A (zh) | 1996-10-16 |
Family
ID=22492828
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN94193870A Pending CN1133564A (zh) | 1993-10-21 | 1994-10-20 | Duffy血型抗原的克隆 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5578714A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0724453A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH09503918A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1133564A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2173206A1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ276226A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1995011040A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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CN114113639A (zh) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-03-01 | 北京大有天弘科技有限公司 | 一种血型抗体检测方法及其应用 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5911991A (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1999-06-15 | New York Blood Center, Inc. | Malarial binding site in duffy blood group protein |
AU5444798A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 1998-06-03 | New York Blood Center, Inc., The | The cloning of duffy blood group antigen |
US6054632A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2000-04-25 | New York Blood Center, Inc. | Method of making monoclonal antibodies using polymorphic transgenic animals |
US6989435B2 (en) | 1997-09-11 | 2006-01-24 | Cambridge University Technical Services Ltd. | Compounds and methods to inhibit or augment an inflammatory response |
US7067117B1 (en) | 1997-09-11 | 2006-06-27 | Cambridge University Technical Services, Ltd. | Compounds and methods to inhibit or augment an inflammatory response |
US7238711B1 (en) | 1999-03-17 | 2007-07-03 | Cambridge University Technical Services Ltd. | Compounds and methods to inhibit or augment an inflammatory response |
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US4855224A (en) * | 1984-03-09 | 1989-08-08 | Genentech, Inc. | Molecularly cloned diagnostic product and method of use |
US5101017A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1992-03-31 | New York Blood Center, Inc. | Antibodies for providing protection against P. vivax malaria infection |
US5198347A (en) * | 1990-07-20 | 1993-03-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services | Dna encoding plasmodium vivax and plasmodium knowlesi duffy receptor |
JPH0837106A (ja) * | 1994-05-19 | 1996-02-06 | Bridgestone Corp | ボンド磁石用磁性粉,ボンド磁石用組成物及びその製造方法 |
-
1993
- 1993-10-21 US US08/140,797 patent/US5578714A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-10-20 CA CA002173206A patent/CA2173206A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-20 NZ NZ276226A patent/NZ276226A/en unknown
- 1994-10-20 CN CN94193870A patent/CN1133564A/zh active Pending
- 1994-10-20 JP JP7512210A patent/JPH09503918A/ja active Pending
- 1994-10-20 EP EP95901013A patent/EP0724453A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-10-20 WO PCT/US1994/012028 patent/WO1995011040A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1995
- 1995-06-07 US US08/486,670 patent/US5683696A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114113639A (zh) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-03-01 | 北京大有天弘科技有限公司 | 一种血型抗体检测方法及其应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NZ276226A (en) | 1998-03-25 |
JPH09503918A (ja) | 1997-04-22 |
EP0724453A1 (en) | 1996-08-07 |
AU697868B2 (en) | 1998-10-22 |
WO1995011040A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
US5578714A (en) | 1996-11-26 |
AU1040795A (en) | 1995-05-08 |
US5683696A (en) | 1997-11-04 |
EP0724453A4 (en) | 2001-05-09 |
CA2173206A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
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