CN113330892A - Cyperus esculentus harvesting device and harvester - Google Patents
Cyperus esculentus harvesting device and harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN113330892A CN113330892A CN202110693197.1A CN202110693197A CN113330892A CN 113330892 A CN113330892 A CN 113330892A CN 202110693197 A CN202110693197 A CN 202110693197A CN 113330892 A CN113330892 A CN 113330892A
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- screening
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- 235000005853 Cyperus esculentus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 241000103725 Cyperus esculentus var. esculentus Species 0.000 title 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 244000285774 Cyperus esculentus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 24
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000234653 Cyperus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/10—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with smooth conveyor belts, lath bands or rake bands
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/14—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with cylindrical screens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cyperus esculentus harvesting device and a harvester, comprising: excavating mechanism: the separating device comprises a digging shovel fixed at the front end of a frame, wherein a conveying mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the digging shovel and can convey a cyperus esculentus and soil mixture dug by the digging shovel into a separating mechanism; a separation mechanism: the screen cylinder is arranged on the frame and comprises a rotatable screen cylinder, and guide elements distributed along a spiral line are arranged on the inner side surface of the screen cylinder; a crushing mechanism: the cyperus esculentus and soil mixture receiving device comprises a first rotating roller and a second rotating roller which can rotate in opposite directions, wherein a plurality of crushing teeth distributed along a spiral line are arranged on the surfaces of the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller respectively, and the crushing teeth of the first rotating roller and the crushing teeth of the second rotating roller are arranged in a staggered mode, and the spiral lines distributed in the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller are opposite in rotation direction; screening mechanism: the harvesting device is arranged below the crushing mechanism and used for screening the cyperus esculentus and crushed soil, and the harvesting device is suitable for harvesting the cyperus esculentus in saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cyperus esculentus harvesting device and a harvester.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The cyperus esculentus is good in seed, easy to manage and difficult to harvest, and the mechanical harvesting difficulty of the cyperus esculentus is a main bottleneck restricting the development of the cyperus esculentus industry. The cyperus esculentus is manually harvested by pulling up the plant, striking the root and screening, so that the efficiency is low and the labor intensity is high. With the development of agricultural machinery technology, a manual semi-automatic cyperus esculentus harvester, a backpack cyperus esculentus harvester and the like are sequentially arranged, the machines and tools need to manually scoop up cyperus esculentus and then send the cyperus esculentus into the harvester in production, the degree of mechanization is not high, and the machines and tools are only completed test prototypes or small-batch production tests and are not applied in production.
The semi-circular sieve type and flat sieve type cyperus esculentus harvester is mainly used for separating cyperus esculentus, belongs to a semi-mechanized single function, is only suitable for sandy land or sandy soil with flat land and no large stones, has poor applicability to soil with large viscosity and easy hardening, cannot crush hardened large soil blocks, has poor separation effect on cyperus esculentus and soil, is easy to cause great loss of the cyperus esculentus mixed in the soil blocks, and contains more impurities.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the cyperus esculentus harvesting device which is suitable for the requirements of cyperus esculentus harvesting when soil is hardened seriously and has poor soil and cyperus esculentus separation effect during harvesting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a cyperus esculentus harvesting device, comprising:
excavating mechanism: the separating device comprises a digging shovel fixed at the front end of a frame, wherein a conveying mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the digging shovel and can convey a cyperus esculentus and soil mixture dug by the digging shovel into a separating mechanism;
a separation mechanism: the screen cylinder is arranged on the frame and comprises a rotatable screen cylinder, and guide blades distributed along a spiral line are arranged on the inner side surface of the screen cylinder;
a crushing mechanism: the cyperus esculentus and soil mixture receiving device comprises a first rotating roller and a second rotating roller which can rotate in opposite directions, wherein a plurality of crushing teeth distributed along a spiral line are arranged on the surfaces of the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller respectively, and the crushing teeth of the first rotating roller and the crushing teeth of the second rotating roller are arranged in a staggered mode, and the spiral lines distributed in the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller are opposite in rotation direction;
screening mechanism: the screening device is arranged below the crushing mechanism and used for screening the cyperus esculentus and the crushed soil.
Optionally, the two ends of the first rotating roller and the two ends of the second rotating roller are rotatably connected with a shell which is opened from top to bottom, the shell can receive cyperus esculentus and soil mixture falling from the discharging plate, one side end part of the first rotating roller and one side end part of the second rotating roller are meshed through gears, and the other end of the first rotating roller or the other end of the second rotating roller is connected with the first rotating driving mechanism.
Optionally, the screening mechanism adopts multilayer screening equipment, the multilayer screening equipment is connected with the vibrating mechanism, and the vibrating mechanism can drive the multilayer screening equipment to vibrate.
Optionally, the vibration mechanism includes a rotating wheel connected with the second rotation driving mechanism, the eccentric position of the rotating wheel is hinged to one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of an active rocker arm, the other end of the active rocker arm is fixed to a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the frame and fixed to one end of a connecting piece, and the other end of the connecting piece is fixed to a frame body of the multilayer screening device.
Optionally, the rack is hinged to one end of the driven rocker arm, and the other end of the driven rocker arm is hinged to a frame body of the multilayer screening device.
Optionally, every layer of screen cloth end of multilayer screening equipment all is equipped with guide and row material spare, and guide and row material spare are fixed with the support body of multilayer screening equipment, and the guide is used for leading-in row's flitch with the material on the screen cloth, and row flitch can be discharged the material from multilayer screening equipment.
Optionally, the depth wheel that height can be adjusted is installed to the front end of frame, and the walking wheel is installed to the rear end of frame.
Optionally, a chain wheel is installed on the outer cylinder surface of the screen cylinder, the chain wheel is connected with a screen cylinder driving mechanism arranged on one side of the screen cylinder through a chain transmission mechanism, and the screen cylinder driving mechanism can drive the screen cylinder to rotate.
Optionally, the sieve section of thick bamboo includes a plurality of coaxial annular round steel of arranging, and a plurality of round steel pass through the connecting piece to be connected, and the connecting piece passes through support piece and gyration hub connection, and the revolving axle sets up and passes the sieve section of thick bamboo with the round steel is coaxial, and the revolving axle both ends are connected with the rotation of the sieve section of thick bamboo frame of fixing in the frame.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a cyperus esculentus harvester, which comprises the cyperus esculentus harvesting device in the first aspect, wherein the front end of a frame of the cyperus esculentus harvesting device is connected with a walking device.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the cyperus esculentus harvesting device is provided with the crushing mechanism and the screening mechanism, large clods which are not screened out by the screening drum mechanism and are mixed with the cyperus esculentus can be crushed, the screening mechanism is used for screening crushed soil and the cyperus esculentus, the effect of separating the cyperus esculentus from the soil is good, and the cyperus esculentus harvesting device is suitable for harvesting the cyperus esculentus under the condition of soil hardening of saline-alkali soil.
2. According to the cyperus esculentus harvesting device, the crushing teeth of the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller are distributed along spiral lines with opposite rotation directions, so that less crushing teeth are theoretically and simultaneously involved in crushing during crushing, the power consumption is low, the crushing effect is more ideal, meanwhile, when the soil quantity needing to be crushed is larger, the probability of occurrence of the blocking phenomenon is reduced, two adjacent crushing teeth of the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller are in contact action step by step, the space between two adjacent crushing teeth is increased, most cyperus esculentus falls to the screening mechanism from gaps between the crushing teeth, the bean squeezing phenomenon is reduced, the damage to cyperus esculentus is reduced, and the breakage rate of the cyperus esculentus is reduced.
3. According to the cyperus esculentus harvesting device, the screen drum, the crushing mechanism and the screening mechanism are arranged at the same time, so that the screen drum can be used for primarily separating soil, the separation pressure of the subsequent crushing mechanism and the screening mechanism is reduced, the separation process is prolonged, and the cleaning and separating effects are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a separating mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a separating mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of the crushing mechanism and the sieving mechanism in the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a crushing mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the direction A in FIG. 5 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic axial view of a sieving mechanism according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a sieving mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side view of a sieving mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the connection between the rotary shaft and the frame body of the double-layer sieving apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of an upper screen of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a lower screen of example 1 of the present invention;
the device comprises a frame 1, a depth wheel 2, a digging shovel 3, a conveying mechanism 4, a separating mechanism 5, a crushing mechanism 6, a screening mechanism 7, a traveling wheel 8, a rotating wheel 9, a connecting rod 10, a driving rocker arm 11, a rotating shaft 12, a connecting piece 13, a frame 14, a second rotation driving mechanism 15, a driven rocker arm 16, a hanging device 17 and a hydraulic system 18, wherein the frame is provided with a frame, a depth wheel 2, a digging shovel 3, a transmission mechanism 4 and a separating mechanism 5;
5-1 parts of first round steel, 5-2 parts of second round steel, 5-3 parts of brush rollers, 5-4 parts of rotating shafts, 5-5 parts of supporting plates, 5-6 parts of screen cylinder frames, 5-7 parts of annular sealing plates, 5-8 parts of chain wheels, 5-9 parts of guide blades and 5-10 parts of discharging plates;
6-1 of a shell, 6-2 of a first rotating roller, 6-3 of a second rotating roller, 6-4 of a first gear, 6-5 of a second gear, 6-6 of a first rotating driving mechanism and 6-7 of a transmission shaft;
7-1 parts of upper layer sieve, 7-2 parts of lower layer sieve, 7-3 parts of discharging plate, 7-4 parts of first guide plate, 7-5 parts of discharging groove and 7-6 parts of second guide plate
Detailed Description
Example 1
A cyperus esculentus harvesting device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a frame 1, wherein a depth wheel 2, an excavating mechanism, a separating mechanism 5 and a crushing mechanism 6 are sequentially arranged on the frame along the direction from the front end to the rear end of the frame, a screening mechanism 7 is arranged below the crushing mechanism, and a travelling wheel 8 is arranged at the rear end of the frame, so that the whole frame can conveniently walk.
The frame is of a frame structure formed by welding a plurality of steel beams and is used as a bearing element of other parts of the harvesting device.
The depth wheel is installed at the foremost end of the frame and in front of the excavating mechanism, and the height of the depth wheel can be adjusted to adjust the excavating depth.
The excavating mechanism comprises an excavating shovel 3 arranged at the front end of the rack and a conveying mechanism 4 positioned at the rear side of the excavating shovel, the excavating shovel can dig out cyperus esculentus in soil in the traveling process of the rack, the mixture of the dug cyperus esculentus and soil can enter the conveying mechanism, in the embodiment, the conveying mechanism adopts the existing belt or chain rod conveying mechanism, the belt conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, namely the rear end of the belt conveying mechanism is higher than the front end of the belt conveying mechanism, the belt conveying mechanism is used for conveying the mixture of the cyperus esculentus and soil dug out by the excavating shovel into the separating mechanism, the belt conveying mechanism is arranged on the rack and comprises a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel and a conveying belt wound between the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel, the driving belt wheel is connected with a hydraulic motor arranged on the rack, and the hydraulic motor can drive the driving wheel to rotate so as to drive the belt conveying mechanism to work, the mixture of cyperus esculentus and soil is fed into a separation mechanism.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the separating mechanism is installed on the frame, and a drum-type separating mechanism is adopted, because the sieve pores are easily blocked and the manufacturing and processing costs are high when the existing drum-type separating mechanism separates cyperus esculentus from soil, the separating mechanism of the embodiment includes a sieve cylinder with a frame structure formed by welding round steel.
The sieve section of thick bamboo includes a plurality of annular first round steel 5-1, and a plurality of annular first round steel of circle are along the coaxial range of axis of setting for, and the clearance between the adjacent first round steel can make earth pass and the chufa can't pass, and then has realized the separating action of tiny silt, and a plurality of first round steel are connected as a whole through a plurality of connecting pieces, the connecting piece adopts axis and sets for the parallel second round steel 5-2 of axis, in this embodiment, sets up four connecting pieces, and four connecting pieces are along circumference evenly distributed. The inner side face of the second round steel is fixedly welded with the outer side face of the first round steel, and the plurality of first round steel and the second round steel jointly form a screen cylinder with a frame type structure.
By adopting the mode, because the peripheral surface of the round steel is an arc-shaped surface, soil is not easy to remain in the screen drum, and therefore blockage cannot be caused. For a traditional sieve section of thick bamboo need be a plurality of sieve meshes of machining on the bobbin face, the sieve section of thick bamboo of this embodiment only need with a plurality of round steel welded fastening can, processing is convenient, the processing cost is low.
Furthermore, in order to prevent grass from being wound on round steel of the screen cylinder, two brush rollers 5-3 are symmetrically arranged on the upper portion of the screen cylinder relative to the center of the screen cylinder, the length of each brush roller is equal to that of the screen cylinder, and each brush roller is connected with a brush roller driving piece and can be driven to move in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the screen cylinder, so that weeds wound on the screen cylinder are eliminated.
In this embodiment, the brush roller driving member may be a hydraulic motor fixed to the frame through a hydraulic motor base.
The sieve cylinder is internally provided with a rotating shaft 5-4 in a penetrating mode, the rotating shaft and the sieve cylinder are coaxially arranged, two ends of the rotating shaft penetrate through the sieve cylinder, the rotating shaft is fixed to one end of each of the supporting plates 5-5, the other end of each supporting plate is fixed to the second round steel, and therefore the rotating shaft and the sieve cylinder can rotate synchronously.
Two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected with bearing seats, the bearing seats are fixed on the screen cylinder frames 5-6, and the screen cylinder frames are fixed on the machine frame.
In order to prevent the cyperus esculentus from falling off from the sieve cylinder, annular seal plates 5-7 are arranged at two ends of the sieve cylinder and are welded and fixed with the inner side surfaces of the first round steel at the end parts.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the conveying mechanism to convey the mixture of the cyperus esculentus and the soil into the screen drum, a screen drum driving mechanism for driving the screen drum to rotate is arranged on one side of the screen drum, namely one side of the axis of the screen drum. So that the screen drum driving mechanism is not disposed on the transfer line of the cyperus esculentus and soil mixture.
Therefore, the chain wheels 5-8 are welded on the outer peripheral surface of the first round steel in the middle of the screen drum and are connected with the screen drum driving mechanism through the chain transmission mechanism.
Because the chain wheel is welded on the outer peripheral face of the first round steel in the middle of the screen drum, in order to guarantee the normal work of the chain wheel, the brush roller is separated in the middle, and the two separated parts are all matched with one brush roller driving part.
A sieve section of thick bamboo rotates, can make the tiny earth of sneaking into in the oil sand beans throw away through the space between the first round steel under the effect of centrifugal force, has realized the initial gross separation of earth, has reduced the separation pressure of follow-up broken mechanism and screening mechanism to a certain extent, has prolonged the part line, has improved fruit soil separation effect.
In order to realize the transportation of the cyperus esculentus and soil in the screen cylinder, a plurality of groups of guide elements are welded and fixed on the inner side surface of the screen cylinder, the guide elements are distributed along a spiral line, and in order to prolong the time of the cyperus esculentus in the screen cylinder and improve the fruit-soil separation effect, the guide elements are composed of a plurality of guide blades 5-9 arranged at intervals.
The front end of a sieve section of thick bamboo is as the feed end, and transport mechanism stretches into inside a sieve section of thick bamboo, can send into the inside sieve section of thick bamboo with the mixture of cyperus bean and earth, the rear end of a sieve section of thick bamboo is as the discharge end, one side of discharge end is equipped with out flitch 5-10, the one end of going out the flitch stretches into inside a sieve section of thick bamboo, it fixes in the frame through going out the flitch support to go out the flitch.
In order to facilitate the chufa and soil mixture sent out from the discharge end of the screen drum to enter the crushing mechanism, the discharge plate is arranged at a position close to the upper part of the screen drum, and when the chufa and soil are pushed to the upper part of the screen drum by the guide blade, the discharge plate can fall under the action of gravity and is inclined, the height of the end part of the chufa, which extends into the screen drum, is greater than that of the other end of the chufa and soil, so that the chufa and soil can slide along the discharge plate and fall into the crushing mechanism.
The crushing mechanism is used for crushing large muddy soil blocks which cannot be sieved out by the screen drum.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the crushing mechanism 6 includes an outer casing 6-1 with an upper opening and a lower opening, the upper opening of the outer casing is used for chufa and mud to fall into, and the lower opening of the outer casing is used for chufa and crushed mud to fall into the screening mechanism.
A first rotating roller 6-2 and a second rotating roller 6-3 are arranged in the shell, and the axes of the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller are vertical to the axis of the screen drum.
The first roller and the second roller are connected with the shell in a rotating mode, multiple groups of first broken teeth are arranged on the outer peripheral face of the first roller, each group of first broken teeth comprise multiple first broken teeth distributed along a spiral line, multiple groups of second broken teeth are arranged on the outer peripheral face of the second roller, and each group of second broken teeth comprise multiple second broken teeth distributed along the spiral line.
The helices at first broken tooth and the broken tooth place of second revolve to opposite in this embodiment, and first broken tooth and the crisscross setting of the broken tooth of second, and when first commentaries on classics roller and second rotated the roller in opposite directions promptly, adjacent first broken tooth and the broken tooth of second can rotate and have the overlap portion to seeing along first commentaries on classics roller and second commentaries on classics roller axis direction to the realization is broken to the extrusion of soil block.
The crushing teeth of the traditional roller type extrusion crushing device are arranged along the axial direction of the roller, the crushing teeth on the same axial line participate in crushing work at the same time, when the crushed soil is more, the jamming phenomenon is easy to occur, in the embodiment, the crushing teeth of the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller are distributed along spiral lines with opposite rotation directions, the crushing teeth which participate in the soil crushing simultaneously are less during the soil crushing, namely, the theoretical line or surface contact is converted into point contact, the power consumption is less, the phenomenon of blocking is not easy to occur, the soil crushing effect is more ideal, the crushing treatment capacity is increased, and two adjacent crushing teeth of the first rotary roller and the second rotary roller are contacted gradually to play a role, so that the space between the two adjacent crushing teeth is enlarged, most of cyperus esculentus seeds fall into the screening mechanism from gaps between the crushing teeth, the phenomenon of squeezing the cyperus esculentus is reduced, the damage to the cyperus esculentus is reduced, and the breakage rate of the cyperus esculentus is reduced.
In order to realize the opposite rotation of the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller, a first gear 6-4 is fixed at one end of the first rotating roller, a second gear 6-5 is fixed at the end part of the second rotating roller, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the other end of the second rotating roller is connected with a first rotation driving mechanism through a transmission shaft 6-7 and a chain transmission mechanism, the first rotation driving mechanism 6-6 adopts a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor can drive the second rotating roller to rotate through driving the second rotating roller to drive the first rotating roller to rotate in an opposite direction through the meshing of the first gear and the second gear.
The crushing mechanism drops the mixture of the cyperus esculentus and the crushed soil, and in order to realize the separation of the cyperus esculentus and the crushed soil, the screening mechanism is arranged below the crushing mechanism.
As shown in fig. 7-12, the sieving mechanism 7 is a multi-layer sieving device, in this embodiment, a double-layer sieving device is used, and includes an upper-layer sieve 7-1 and a lower-layer sieve 7-2, both the upper-layer sieve and the lower-layer sieve are connected to a frame body of the double-layer sieving device, and the aperture of the upper-layer sieve is larger than that of the lower-layer sieve. Both the upper layer screen and the lower layer screen comprise a frame and a screen mesh.
Further, in order to facilitate replacement of the upper-layer sieve and the lower-layer sieve, the rack body of the double-layer sieving equipment is provided with the slot, and the upper-layer sieve and the lower-layer sieve are detachably connected with the rack body of the equipment through the slot.
The tail ends of the upper layer sieve and the lower layer sieve are respectively provided with a guide part and a discharging part, and the guide parts and the discharging parts are respectively fixed at the tail ends of the frame body of the double-layer sieving equipment.
The discharging part at the tail end of the upper-layer screen is a discharging plate 7-3 arranged obliquely downwards, the guide part is a first guide plate 7-4 arranged obliquely, and the guide plate is inclined towards the discharging plate and can guide soil blocks, weeds and the like at the screen into the discharging plate.
The tail end of the lower-layer screen is provided with a U-shaped discharge groove 7-5, the guide piece is a second guide plate 7-6 inclined towards the discharge groove, screened chufa can be guided into the discharge groove, in practical use, a worker binds and collects a bag at the periphery of the discharge groove, the groove surface at the bottom of the discharge groove is inclined downwards, and the chufa can slide into the collection bag.
The double-layer screening equipment is connected with the vibrating mechanism, and the vibrating mechanism can drive the double-layer screening equipment to vibrate, so that the screening effect is improved.
The vibration mechanism comprises a rotating wheel 9 connected with the second rotary driving mechanism, the eccentric position of the rotating wheel is hinged to one end of a connecting rod 10, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of an active rocker arm 11, the other end of the active rocker arm is fixed to a rotating shaft 12, the rotating shaft and the rack are rotatably connected through a bearing seat, the rotating shaft is fixed to one end of a connecting piece 13, and the other end of the connecting piece is fixed to a rack body 14 of the multilayer screening device. The connecting piece adopts the otic placode subassembly of setting at the pivot both ends, and every otic placode subassembly has two otic placodes, and the fixed plate of double-deck screening equipment support body tip inserts between two otic placodes and carries out fixed connection through bolt and nut.
The second rotation driving mechanism 15 includes a vibration hydraulic motor, the vibration hydraulic motor is fixed on the frame body, and an output shaft of the vibration hydraulic motor is connected with the rotating wheel through a chain transmission mechanism, so that the rotation of the rotating wheel can be driven.
In order to ensure the vibration stability of the double-layer screening equipment, the rack is hinged with one end of the driven rocker arm 16 through a bearing, and the other end of the driven rocker arm is hinged with a frame body of the double-layer screening equipment through a bearing.
In this embodiment, the rotation of carousel can drive the pivot through connecting rod and initiative rocking arm and rotate, and the pivot drives the support body of double-deck screening equipment through the connecting piece and carries out front and back and luffing motion, has realized the vibration of upper sieve and lower floor's sieve.
A hydraulic system 18 is also mounted on the frame for controlling the operation of the hydraulic motors.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
crushing stems and leaves of the cyperus esculentus by a straw returning machine or a crusher in advance, walking the frame by a walking wheel, digging out the cyperus esculentus with soil from the soil by a digging shovel, and is sent into a screen drum through a conveying mechanism, the screen drum rotates, fine soil in the cyperus esculentus is screened by utilizing the action of centrifugal force, meanwhile, the cyperus esculentus moves from the feed end to the discharge end of the screen cylinder under the action of the guide blades, when the cyperus esculentus moves to the discharge end, the guide blades drive the cyperus esculentus to move to the upper part of the screen cylinder, the cyperus esculentus and unscreened soil blocks slide into the space between the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller along the discharging plate under the action of gravity, the large soil blocks are crushed by the first crushing teeth and the second crushing teeth, the cyperus esculentus and crushed soil fall into the double-layer screening mechanism for further screening, and impurities such as soil are screened out by the upper-layer screen, and the cyperus esculentus is discharged through a discharge plate, and the cyperus esculentus screened out by the lower-layer screen falls into a collection bag through a discharge groove for collection.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a cyperus esculentus harvester which is provided with the cyperus esculentus harvesting device in the embodiment 1, wherein a rack is connected with a traveling mechanism, and the traveling mechanism can drive the whole cyperus esculentus harvesting device to travel. The hitch and attachment are the same as the attachment of existing agricultural tractor machines to other harvesting devices and will not be described in detail here.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A harvesting device for Cyperus esculentus, comprising:
excavating mechanism: the separating device comprises a digging shovel fixed at the front end of a frame, wherein a conveying mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the digging shovel and can convey a cyperus esculentus and soil mixture dug by the digging shovel into a separating mechanism;
a separation mechanism: the screen cylinder is arranged on the frame and comprises a rotatable screen cylinder, and guide elements distributed along a spiral line are arranged on the inner side surface of the screen cylinder;
a crushing mechanism: the cyperus esculentus and soil mixture receiving device comprises a first rotating roller and a second rotating roller which can rotate in opposite directions, wherein a plurality of crushing teeth distributed along a spiral line are arranged on the surfaces of the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller respectively, and the crushing teeth of the first rotating roller and the crushing teeth of the second rotating roller are arranged in a staggered mode, and the spiral lines distributed in the first rotating roller and the second rotating roller are opposite in rotation direction;
screening mechanism: the screening device is arranged below the crushing mechanism and used for screening the cyperus esculentus and the crushed soil.
2. The harvesting device of cyperus esculentus according to claim 1, wherein the first roller and the second roller are rotatably connected at both ends to a housing which is open at the top and bottom, the housing can receive cyperus esculentus and soil mixture falling from the discharging plate, one end parts of the first roller and the second roller are engaged through gears, and the other end part of the first roller or the second roller is connected with the first rotary driving mechanism.
3. The harvesting device of cyperus esculentus according to claim 1, wherein the screening mechanism is a multi-layer screening device, the multi-layer screening device is connected with a vibrating mechanism, and the vibrating mechanism can drive the multi-layer screening device to vibrate.
4. A cyperus esculentus harvesting device according to claim 3, wherein the vibrating mechanism comprises a rotating wheel connected with the second rotary driving mechanism, the eccentric position of the rotating wheel is hinged with one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with one end of a driving rocker arm, the other end of the driving rocker arm is fixed with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the frame and is fixed with one end of a connecting piece, and the other end of the connecting piece is fixed with the frame body of the multilayer screening device.
5. A cyperus esculentus harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that the frame is hinged to one end of a driven rocker arm, the other end of which is hinged to the frame of the multi-layered screening apparatus.
6. A harvesting apparatus for Cyperus esculentus according to claim 3, wherein the multi-layered screening apparatus is provided with a guide member and a discharge member at the end of each of the layers of the screen mesh, the guide member and the discharge member being secured to the frame of the multi-layered screening apparatus, the guide member being adapted to guide the material on the screen mesh to the discharge plate, the discharge plate being adapted to discharge the material from the multi-layered screening apparatus.
7. A cyperus esculentus harvesting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end of the frame is provided with a depth wheel with adjustable height, and the rear end of the frame is provided with a travelling wheel.
8. The harvesting device of cyperus esculentus according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the screen drum is provided with a chain wheel, the chain wheel is connected with a screen drum driving mechanism arranged on one side of the screen drum through a chain transmission mechanism, and the screen drum driving mechanism can drive the screen drum to rotate.
9. A harvesting device for Cyperus esculentus according to claim 1, wherein the sieve drum comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged circular rods, the circular rods are connected by connecting members, the connecting members are connected by supporting members to a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the circular rods and passes through the sieve drum, and both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to a sieve drum frame fixed to the frame.
10. A cyperus esculentus harvester, characterized by comprising the cyperus esculentus harvesting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the front end of the frame of the cyperus esculentus harvesting device is connected with a walking device.
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| CN115004929A (en) * | 2022-06-19 | 2022-09-06 | 湖南机电职业技术学院 | Compound soil-crushing type polygonatum odoratum harvester and harvesting method |
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