CN113310534A - Automatic forest resource checking and reporting system and method - Google Patents
Automatic forest resource checking and reporting system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113310534A CN113310534A CN202110755020.XA CN202110755020A CN113310534A CN 113310534 A CN113310534 A CN 113310534A CN 202110755020 A CN202110755020 A CN 202110755020A CN 113310534 A CN113310534 A CN 113310534A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic forest resource checking and reporting system and a method, wherein the automatic forest resource checking and reporting system adopts an environmental factor acquisition device, an intelligent measurement device, a data processing and transmission device and a controller, and the controller is used for issuing a measurement instruction and controlling the environmental factor acquisition device to acquire meteorological factors and soil temperature and humidity data; controlling an intelligent measuring device to measure the breast height diameter and accumulation of the tree; the control data processing and transmitting device processes the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device and the tree breast-height diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device, and uploads the monitoring data to the data center. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system and the method thereof have the advantages that the data acquisition is convenient, and the forest resource condition can be dynamically reflected; the checking period is short, and data can be acquired immediately; the automation degree is high, and the data acquisition accuracy is high; saving manpower and material resources and greatly saving cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest resource investigation, and particularly discloses an automatic forest resource checking and reporting system and method.
Background
From 1973, in order to master forest resources and ecological conditions of the whole country and various provinces, make and adjust forestry policy, planning and planning, supervise and check target responsibility systems of forest resource growth and elimination periods of various regions, and the national forestry governing department organizes and develops forest resource clearing every 5 years. Continuous forest resource cleaning, that is, repeated and comparable forest surveys of the same object at regular intervals, are usually performed on the basis of a mathematical statistics continuous sampling technique and fixed sample plots, and the number of the investigated sample plots is more than 40. The current forest resource checking work has obvious defects: 1. the interval period is too long, the forest resource condition can not be dynamically reflected, and the system can not be well matched with the implementation of systems such as 'target responsibility for protecting and developing forest resources', 'forest growth system' and 'forest resource asset liability statement'; 2. the clearing period is inconsistent with the five-year planning pace of national economic development; 3. the field investigation is realized by technical personnel, the data precision is closely related to the quality and level of the investigators, and the objectivity is poor; 4. huge manpower and material resources are required to be invested in each checking.
In view of the above circumstances, there is an urgent need for an objective, fair and immediate monitoring system or method for reflecting the dynamic state of forest resources in a certain area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic forest resource checking and reporting system and method, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing forest resource checking work is obviously insufficient.
One aspect of the invention relates to an automatic forest resource checking and reporting system, which comprises an environmental factor acquisition device, an intelligent measurement device, a data processing and transmission device and a controller, wherein,
the controller is respectively connected with the environmental factor acquisition device, the intelligent measurement device and the data processing and transmission device and is used for issuing a measurement instruction and controlling the environmental factor acquisition device to acquire meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data; controlling an intelligent measuring device to measure the breast height diameter and accumulation of the tree; the control data processing and transmitting device processes the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device and the tree breast-height diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device, and uploads the monitoring data to the data center.
Further, the environmental factor collecting device comprises a wind speed sensing unit, a wind direction sensing unit, a precipitation sensing unit, an air temperature sensing unit, a humidity sensing unit, a soil temperature sensing unit and a soil humidity sensing unit,
the wind speed sensing unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for collecting wind speed data under the control of the controller;
the wind direction sensing unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for collecting wind direction data under the control of the controller;
the rainfall sensing unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for collecting rainfall data under the control of the controller;
the air temperature sensing unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for collecting the air temperature under the control of the controller;
the humidity sensing unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for collecting air humidity under the control of the controller;
the soil temperature sensing unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for collecting the soil temperature under the control of the controller;
and the soil humidity sensing unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for collecting the soil humidity under the control of the controller.
Furthermore, the intelligent measuring device comprises a laser ranging unit, a breast diameter measuring unit, an animal detecting unit, an image shooting unit, a smoke and fire detecting unit and a forest fire alarming unit,
the laser ranging unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for measuring the distance between the instrument and the tree under the control of the controller and determining the radius length of the tree to be measured according to the size of a preset sample plot;
the breast diameter measuring unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for measuring the breast diameter of the tree to be measured within the radius length of the sample plot according to the radius length of the tree to be measured determined by the laser ranging unit under the control of the controller;
the animal detection unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for detecting the movement of the animal under the control of the controller;
the image shooting unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for shooting forest resource information under the control of the controller;
the firework detection unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for detecting the fire condition under the control of the controller;
the forest fire alarm unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for performing sound-light alarm according to the fire condition detected by the fire and smoke detection unit under the control of the controller.
Furthermore, the data processing and transmitting device comprises a firewall unit, a data transmission unit, a wireless communication unit, a Beidou positioning unit, a data storage unit, a data processing unit and a power supply inversion unit,
the firewall unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for preventing hacker attack and guaranteeing data security under the control of the controller;
the data transmission unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for transmitting meteorological factors and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device and tree breast diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device under the control of the controller;
the wireless communication unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for uploading the monitoring data to a provincial data center and/or a national data center under the control of the controller;
the Beidou positioning unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for acquiring positioning data under the control of the controller;
the data storage unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for storing meteorological factors and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device and tree breast diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device under the control of the controller;
the data processing unit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for processing meteorological factors and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device and tree breast diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device under the control of the controller;
the power supply inversion unit is electrically connected with the controller and used for inverting the power supply under the control of the controller so as to supply the forest resource clearing automatic measuring and reporting system.
Furthermore, the automatic forest resource checking and reporting system adopts a solar power supply, the solar power supply comprises a solar power generation panel and a storage battery, and the solar power generation panel is electrically connected with the storage battery and used for supplying power to the storage battery.
Furthermore, the automatic forest resource checking and reporting system further comprises a lightning rod and an equipment support, and the lightning rod and the solar power generation panel are installed on the equipment support.
Furthermore, the automatic forest resource checking and detecting and reporting system further comprises an infrared camera which is electrically connected with the controller and used for detecting and shooting the heating body under the control of the controller.
Further, the laser ranging unit and the breast diameter measuring unit are integrated on the intelligent measuring device, and the intelligent measuring device can horizontally rotate 360 degrees around the circular shaft of the equipment support.
The invention also relates to an automatic measuring and reporting method for clearing forest resources, which is applied to an intelligent measuring device of the automatic measuring and reporting system for clearing forest resources as required, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a central distance L between the intelligent measuring device and the tree;
obtaining an angle alpha c between the intelligent measuring device and the edge of a trunk of the tree;
and calculating the radius r of the tree according to the obtained central distance L between the intelligent measuring device and the tree and the angle alpha between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the tree.
Further, the tree radius r is calculated by the following formula:
r＝sinα/(1-sinα).L
wherein r represents the tree radius; l represents the center distance between the intelligent measuring device and the tree; alpha represents the angle between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the tree.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
the invention provides an automatic forest resource checking and reporting system and a method, wherein the automatic forest resource checking and reporting system adopts an environment factor acquisition device, an intelligent measurement device, a data processing and transmission device and a controller, and the controller is used for issuing a measurement instruction and controlling the environment factor acquisition device to acquire meteorological factors and soil temperature and humidity data; controlling an intelligent measuring device to measure the breast height diameter and accumulation of the tree; the control data processing and transmitting device processes the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device and the tree breast-height diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device, and uploads the monitoring data to the data center. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system and the method thereof have the advantages that the data acquisition is convenient, and the forest resource condition can be dynamically reflected; the checking period is short, and data can be acquired immediately; the automation degree is high, and the data acquisition accuracy is high; saving manpower and material resources and greatly saving cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of an automatic forest resource inventory reporting system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of the environmental factor collecting device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of the intelligent measuring device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of the data processing and transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an automatic forest resource clearing and reporting system provided in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the forest resource clearing automatic forecasting method provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of measuring the diameter of a tree by using the trigonometric function principle in an embodiment of the forest resource clearing automatic measuring and reporting method provided by the invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
10. an environmental factor acquisition device; 20. an intelligent measuring device; 30. a data processing and transmission device; 40. a controller; 11. a wind speed sensing unit; 12. a wind direction sensing unit; 13. a precipitation sensing unit; 14. an air temperature sensing unit; 15. a humidity sensing unit; 16. a soil temperature sensing unit; 17. a soil humidity sensing unit; 21. a laser ranging unit; 22. a breast diameter measuring unit; 23. an animal detection unit; 24. an image capturing unit; 25. a smoke and fire detection unit; 26. a forest fire alarm unit; 31. a firewall unit; 32. a data transmission unit; 33. a wireless communication unit; 34. a Beidou positioning unit; 35. a data storage unit; 36. a data processing unit; 37. a power supply inversion unit; 51. a solar power panel; 52. a storage battery; 60. a lightning rod; 70. an equipment support.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic forest resource checking and reporting system, which includes an environmental factor collecting device 10, an intelligent measuring device 20, a data processing and transmitting device 30, and a controller 40, wherein the controller 40 is respectively connected to the environmental factor collecting device 10, the intelligent measuring device 20, and the data processing and transmitting device 30, and is configured to issue a measurement instruction to control the environmental factor collecting device 10 to collect meteorological factors and soil temperature and humidity data; controlling the intelligent measuring device 20 to measure the diameter at breast height and accumulation of the tree; the control data processing and transmitting device 30 processes the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data collected by the environmental factor collecting device 10 and the breast height and accumulation of the trees measured by the intelligent measuring device 20, and uploads the monitoring data to the data center. In this embodiment, the data center may be a provincial data center or a national data center, and both are within the protection scope of this patent. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system provided by the embodiment adopts a mathematical statistics continuous sampling technology, and is installed at the center of a circular fixed sample plot on the premise of setting the sample plot, the automatic forest resource checking and reporting system automatically measures the tree diameter at breast height, the trunk number, environmental factors and the like according to instructions preset by a program or temporarily issued by a data center, and a data processing system processes data measured by equipment and uploads result monitoring data to a provincial data center and a national data center.
In the above structure, please refer to fig. 2, and fig. 2 is a functional module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the environmental factor collecting device shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the environmental factor collecting device 10 includes a wind speed sensing unit 11, a wind direction sensing unit 12, a precipitation sensing unit 13, a temperature sensing unit 14, a humidity sensing unit 15, a soil temperature sensing unit 16, and a soil humidity sensing unit 17, wherein the wind speed sensing unit 11 is electrically connected to the controller 40 and is used for collecting wind speed data under the control of the controller 40; the wind direction sensing unit 12 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and used for collecting wind direction data under the control of the controller 40; the rainfall sensing unit 13 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for collecting rainfall data under the control of the controller 40; the air temperature sensing unit 14 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for collecting the air temperature under the control of the controller 40; the humidity sensing unit 15 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and used for collecting air humidity under the control of the controller 40; a soil temperature sensing unit 16 electrically connected to the controller 40 for collecting soil temperature under the control of the controller 40; and the soil humidity sensing unit 17 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for collecting soil humidity under the control of the controller 40. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system provided by the embodiment automatically acquires meteorological factors and soil temperature and humidity data through the environmental factor acquisition device 10, is convenient to acquire the data, and can dynamically reflect forest resource conditions; the checking period is short, and data can be acquired immediately; the automation degree is high, and the data acquisition accuracy is high; saving manpower and material resources and greatly saving cost.
Further, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a functional module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the intelligent measuring device shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the intelligent measuring device 20 includes a laser ranging unit 21, a breast diameter measuring unit 22, an animal detecting unit 23, an image shooting unit 24, a smoke and fire detecting unit 25 and a forest fire alarming unit 26, wherein the laser ranging unit 21 is electrically connected to the controller 40, and is used for determining the radius length of the tree to be measured according to the preset sample plot size by measuring the distance between the tree and the measuring instrument under the control of the controller 40; the breast diameter measuring unit 22 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for measuring the breast diameter of the tree to be measured within the radius length of the sample plot according to the radius length of the tree to be measured determined by the laser ranging unit 21 under the control of the controller 40; the animal detection unit 23 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for detecting animal activities under the control of the controller 40; the image shooting unit 24 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for shooting forest resource information under the control of the controller 40; the firework detecting unit 25 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for detecting the fire condition under the control of the controller 40; the forest fire alarm unit 26 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for giving an audible and visual alarm according to the fire condition detected by the fire and smoke detection unit 25 under the control of the controller 40. The distance between the central point of the lens of the intelligent measuring device 20 and the ground level is 1.3 meters. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system provided by the embodiment automatically measures the breast height and the accumulation of trees by the intelligent measuring device 20, is convenient to acquire data, and can dynamically reflect the forest resource condition; the checking period is short, and data can be acquired immediately; the automation degree is high, and the data acquisition accuracy is high; saving manpower and material resources and greatly saving cost.
Preferably, please refer to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic functional module diagram of an embodiment of the data processing and transmitting device shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the data processing and transmitting device 30 includes a firewall unit 31, a data transmitting unit 32, a wireless communication unit 33, a beidou positioning unit 34, a data storage unit 35, a data processing unit 36 and a power supply inverting unit 37, wherein the firewall unit 31 is electrically connected to the controller 40 and is used for preventing hacker attacks and ensuring data security under the control of the controller 40; the data transmission unit 32 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for transmitting the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device 10 and the tree breast height and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device 20 under the control of the controller 40; the wireless communication unit 33 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for uploading monitoring data to a provincial data center and/or a national data center under the control of the controller 40; the Beidou positioning unit 34 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for acquiring positioning data under the control of the controller 40; the data storage unit 35 is electrically connected with the controller 40 and is used for storing the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data collected by the environmental factor collecting device 10 and the breast height and accumulation of the trees measured by the intelligent measuring device 20 under the control of the controller 40; the data processing unit 36 is electrically connected with the controller 40, and is used for processing the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data collected by the environmental factor collecting device 10 and the tree breast height and accumulation measured by the intelligent measuring device 20 under the control of the controller 40; the power supply inversion unit 37 is electrically connected to the controller 40, and is used for inverting the power supply under the control of the controller 40 to supply the forest resource cleaning automatic measuring and reporting system. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system provided by the embodiment processes the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device and the breast diameter and accumulation of the tree measured by the intelligent measurement device through the data processing and transmission device 30, uploads the monitoring data to the data center, is convenient to acquire the data, and can dynamically reflect the forest resource condition; the checking period is short, and data can be acquired immediately; the automation degree is high, and the data acquisition accuracy is high; saving manpower and material resources and greatly saving cost.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the automatic forest resource clearing and reporting system provided in this embodiment, a solar power source is adopted in the automatic forest resource clearing and reporting system, the solar power source includes a solar power generation panel 51 and a storage battery 52, and the solar power generation panel 51 is electrically connected with the storage battery 52 and is used for supplying power to the storage battery 52. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system further comprises a lightning rod 60 and an equipment support 70, wherein the lightning rod 60 and the solar power generation panel 51 are installed on the equipment support 70. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system further comprises an infrared camera which is electrically connected with the controller 40 and used for detecting and shooting the heating body under the control of the controller 40. In the present embodiment, the laser distance measuring unit 21 and the breast diameter measuring unit 22 are integrated on the intelligent measuring device 20, and the intelligent measuring device 20 can horizontally rotate 360 degrees around the circular axis of the equipment support 70. In this embodiment, the laser distance measuring unit 21, the breast diameter measuring unit 22 and the infrared camera are integrated in the intelligent measuring device 20, and the intelligent measuring device 20 has a circular hole in the middle thereof and can horizontally rotate 360 degrees around the circular shaft of the equipment support 70. The wind speed sensing unit 11, the wind direction sensing unit 12, the precipitation sensing unit 13 and the lightning rod 60 are located at the top end of the equipment support 70. The solar power generation panel 51 is mounted on the equipment bracket 70. The battery 52 is installed below the surface of the ground to prevent exposure to the sun and freezing. The data processing and transmission device 30 is integrated in an equipment cabinet which is mounted on the underside of the equipment rack 70. The Beidou positioning unit 34 determines the local coordinate position through the Beidou satellite. The data processing and transmission device 30 is based on a locally available communication network including, but not limited to, a wireless 4G/5G, fiber optic, bridge, or satellite communication network. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system provided by the embodiment detects and shoots the heating element through the infrared camera, is convenient to acquire data, and can dynamically reflect the forest resource condition; the checking period is short, and data can be acquired immediately; the automation degree is high, and the data acquisition accuracy is high; saving manpower and material resources and greatly saving cost.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 5, the automatic forest resource clearing and reporting system provided in this embodiment has the working principle:
presetting a measuring time point or temporarily issuing a measuring instruction in the controller 40, awakening the forest resource clearing automatic measuring and reporting system, and measuring the horizontal rotation of 360 degrees. The laser ranging unit 21 measures the distance between the intelligent measuring device 20 and the tree, the length of the measured radius is determined according to the size of a preset sample plot, and the breast diameter measuring unit 22 measures the breast diameter of the tree within the radius. The intelligent measuring device 20 horizontally rotates 360 degrees along one direction, the breast diameters of the trees in the sample plot are measured one by one, the forest resource clearing automatic measuring and reporting system calculates accumulation according to a built-in program, and the measured data are transmitted to a provincial level data center through a network; meteorological factors such as wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and the like and soil temperature and humidity data are acquired and stored every day, and time nodes or temporary instructions set by the automatic measuring and reporting system are checked according to forest resources and transmitted to a provincial data center; the infrared camera automatically monitors animals and fire conditions and automatically uploads the monitored animals and fire conditions to a provincial data center in real time.
Compared with the prior art, the automatic forest resource clearing and reporting system provided by the embodiment adopts the environment factor acquisition device, the intelligent measurement device, the data processing and transmission device and the controller, wherein the controller is used for issuing a measurement instruction and controlling the environment factor acquisition device to acquire meteorological factors and soil temperature and humidity data; controlling an intelligent measuring device to measure the breast height diameter and accumulation of the tree; the control data processing and transmitting device processes the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device and the tree breast-height diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device, and uploads the monitoring data to the data center. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system provided by the embodiment is convenient to acquire data and can dynamically reflect the forest resource condition; the checking period is short, and data can be acquired immediately; the automation degree is high, and the data acquisition accuracy is high; saving manpower and material resources and greatly saving cost.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the automatic forest resource checking and reporting method provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the automatic forest resource checking and reporting method is applied to the intelligent measuring device of the automatic forest resource checking and reporting system, and includes the following steps:
and S100, acquiring a central distance L between the intelligent measuring device and the tree.
The center distance L between the intelligent measuring device and the tree is measured through the laser ranging unit.
And S200, acquiring an angle alpha between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the tree.
The angle alpha between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the tree is measured by the angle measuring unit.
And S300, calculating the radius r of the tree according to the obtained central distance L between the intelligent measuring device and the tree and the angle alpha between the intelligent measuring device and the edge of the trunk of the tree.
And correspondingly calculating the forest radius r of each forest in the forest resource trees according to the central distance L between the intelligent measuring device and the trees measured by the laser ranging unit and the angle alpha between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the trees measured by the angle measuring unit.
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a principle of measuring a tree diameter by using a trigonometric function principle in an embodiment of the forest resource clearing automatic measuring and reporting method provided by the present invention, in the embodiment, the tree diameter is measured by using the trigonometric function principle, and the intelligent measuring device can measure data: (1) angle DA0 is alpha; (2) the distance AC of the instrument from the tree is L.
AE is tangent to the circle at the point D, O is the center of the circle, and OD is perpendicular to AE at the point D.
If the tree radius is r, then r ═ OC ═ OD ═ OB.
The formula is derived as follows:
Sinα＝OD/OA
＝OD/(AC+OC)
＝r/(L+r) (1)
in formula (1), r represents the tree radius; l represents the center distance between the intelligent measuring device and the tree; alpha represents the angle between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the tree.
Further, by deforming the formula (1), the tree radius r is calculated by the following formula:
r＝sinα/(1-sinα).L (2)
in formula (2), r represents the tree radius; l represents the center distance between the intelligent measuring device and the tree; alpha represents the angle between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the tree.
Compared with the prior art, the forest resource clearing automatic measuring and reporting method provided by the embodiment automatically measures the breast height diameter of the tree through the intelligent measuring device. The automatic forest resource checking and forecasting method provided by the embodiment is convenient for data acquisition and can dynamically reflect the forest resource condition; the checking period is short, and data can be acquired immediately; the automation degree is high, and the data acquisition accuracy is high; saving manpower and material resources and greatly saving cost.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic measuring and reporting system for forest resource inventory, which is characterized by comprising an environmental factor acquisition device (10), an intelligent measuring device (20), a data processing and transmitting device (30) and a controller (40),
the controller (40) is respectively connected with the environmental factor acquisition device (10), the intelligent measurement device (20) and the data processing and transmission device (30) and is used for issuing a measurement instruction and controlling the environmental factor acquisition device (10) to acquire meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data; controlling the intelligent measuring device (20) to measure the diameter at breast height and accumulation of the tree; and controlling the data processing and transmitting device (30) to process the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device (10) and the breast diameter and accumulation of the trees measured by the intelligent measurement device (20), and uploading the monitoring data to a data center.
2. The forest resource clearing automatic detecting and reporting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the environment factor collecting device (10) comprises a wind speed sensing unit (11), a wind direction sensing unit (12), a precipitation sensing unit (13), an air temperature sensing unit (14), a humidity sensing unit (15), a soil temperature sensing unit (16) and a soil humidity sensing unit (17),
the wind speed sensing unit (11) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for collecting wind speed data under the control of the controller (40);
the wind direction sensing unit (12) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and used for collecting wind direction data under the control of the controller (40);
the rainfall sensing unit (13) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for collecting rainfall data under the control of the controller (40);
the air temperature sensing unit (14) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for collecting the air temperature under the control of the controller (40);
the humidity sensing unit (15) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for collecting air humidity under the control of the controller (40);
the soil temperature sensing unit (16) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for collecting the soil temperature under the control of the controller (40);
the soil humidity sensing unit (17) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and used for collecting soil humidity under the control of the controller (40).
3. The forest resource clearing automatic detection and reporting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intelligent measuring device (20) comprises a laser ranging unit (21), a breast diameter measuring unit (22), an animal detecting unit (23), an image shooting unit (24), a smoke and fire detecting unit (25) and a forest fire alarming unit (26),
the laser ranging unit (21) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for measuring the distance between the instrument and the tree under the control of the controller (40) and determining the radius length of the tree to be measured according to the preset sample plot size;
the breast diameter measuring unit (22) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for measuring the breast diameter of the tree to be measured within the radius length of the sample plot according to the radius length of the tree to be measured determined by the laser ranging unit (21) under the control of the controller (40);
the animal detection unit (23) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for detecting animal activities under the control of the controller (40);
the image shooting unit (24) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for shooting forest resource information under the control of the controller (40);
the fire and smoke detection unit (25) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for detecting fire conditions under the control of the controller (40);
the forest fire alarm unit (26) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for performing sound-light alarm under the control of the controller (40) according to the fire condition detected by the fire and fire detection unit (25).
4. The forest resource clearing automatic detection and reporting system of claim 3, wherein the data processing and transmission device (30) comprises a firewall unit (31), a data transmission unit (32), a wireless communication unit (33), a Beidou positioning unit (34), a data storage unit (35), a data processing unit (36) and a power supply inversion unit (37),
the firewall unit (31) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for preventing hacker attacks and guaranteeing data security under the control of the controller (40);
the data transmission unit (32) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for transmitting the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device (10) and the tree breast diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device (20) under the control of the controller (40);
the wireless communication unit (33) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for uploading the monitoring data to a provincial data center and/or a national data center under the control of the controller (40);
the Beidou positioning unit (34) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for acquiring positioning data under the control of the controller (40);
the data storage unit (35) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for storing the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device (10) and the tree breast diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device (20) under the control of the controller (40);
the data processing unit (36) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for processing the meteorological factor and soil temperature and humidity data acquired by the environmental factor acquisition device (10) and the tree breast diameter and accumulation measured by the intelligent measurement device (20) under the control of the controller (40);
the power supply inversion unit (37) is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for inverting the power supply under the control of the controller (40) so as to supply the forest resource clearing automatic measuring and reporting system.
5. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the automatic forest resource checking and reporting system employs a solar power source, the solar power source comprises a solar power generation panel (51) and a storage battery (52), and the solar power generation panel (51) is electrically connected with the storage battery (52) and is used for supplying power to the storage battery (52).
6. The automatic forest resource checking and reporting system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the automatic forest resource checking and reporting system further comprises a lightning rod (60) and an equipment bracket (70), wherein the lightning rod (60) and the solar panel (51) are mounted on the equipment bracket (70).
7. The automatic forest resource clearing and reporting system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the automatic forest resource clearing and reporting system further comprises an infrared camera, the infrared camera is electrically connected with the controller (40) and is used for detecting and shooting a heating element under the control of the controller (40).
8. The automatic forest resource inventory reporting system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the laser ranging unit (21) and the breast diameter measuring unit (22) are integrated on the intelligent measuring device (20) and the intelligent measuring device (20) can horizontally rotate 360 degrees around a circular axis of the equipment support (70).
9. An automatic forest resource checking and forecasting method, which is applied to an intelligent measuring device of the automatic forest resource checking and forecasting system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a central distance L between the intelligent measuring device and the tree;
obtaining an angle alpha between the intelligent measuring device and the edge of a trunk of the tree;
and calculating the radius r of the tree according to the obtained central distance L between the intelligent measuring device and the tree and the angle alpha between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the tree.
10. A forest resource clearing automatic forecasting method as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the tree radius r is calculated by the following formula:
r＝sinα/(1-sinα).L
wherein r represents the tree radius; l represents the center distance between the intelligent measuring device and the tree; alpha represents the angle between the intelligent measuring device and the trunk edge of the tree.
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