CN113308388B - 增香有孢汉生酵母及其在低醇甜型脐橙酒中的应用 - Google Patents
增香有孢汉生酵母及其在低醇甜型脐橙酒中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113308388B CN113308388B CN202110594004.7A CN202110594004A CN113308388B CN 113308388 B CN113308388 B CN 113308388B CN 202110594004 A CN202110594004 A CN 202110594004A CN 113308388 B CN113308388 B CN 113308388B
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种增香有孢汉生酵母及其在低醇甜型脐橙酒中的应用。该增香有孢汉生酵母为有孢汉生酵母(Hanseniaspora opuntiae)QC6,保藏编号为CCTCC No:M 2021445。该增香有孢汉生酵母可应用于低醇甜型脐橙酒加工中,包括以下步骤:原料榨汁、成分调整、酵母活化接种、发酵、终止发酵和下胶过滤。该增香有孢汉生酵母在应用时具有显著提高酯类等香气物质的含量、增加酒体香气的复杂性、提升低醇甜型脐橙酒的品质等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种增香有孢汉生酵母及其在低醇甜型脐橙酒中的应用。
背景技术
脐橙营养丰富,富含碳水化合物、维生素、有机酸等营养成分,同时含有黄酮类、柠檬苦素等功能成分,具有较高的保健及药用价值。脐橙酒是以脐橙果汁为原料,经酵母发酵而得到的具有水果清香的低度饮料酒。脐橙酒具有酒度较低、口感清爽、果香味浓,营养价值高的特点,并且保留了脐橙果实中原有的多种氨基酸、维生素、类黄酮等功效成分,更利于人体吸收,深受消费者喜爱。研究证明脐橙果酒具有降低胆固醇、保健养颜、延年益寿等功能,市场前景广阔。目前脐橙酒的加工普遍面临产品香气较寡淡、典型性不强等瓶颈问题,严重制约了脐橙酒品质的提高和产业的快速发展。
崀丰脐橙是湖南省新宁县的特色品种,果实风味浓郁,甜酸适口;耐贮藏性好,在常温条件下,可贮藏至次年3~4月。目前,全县种植面积46万亩,年产量41万吨,产值达22亿元,崀丰脐橙产业已成为当地最具竞争优势和发展潜力的支柱产业、富民产业和环保产业。但其采收期集中,销售渠道单一容易导致滞销,严重制约当地脐橙产业的发展,因此脐橙采后加工变得尤为重要,不仅能充分利用崀丰脐橙的资源优势,还能带动脐橙产业发展,提高其经济效益。
酵母性能的优劣不仅对果酒酒的口感和风味影响很大,对果酒特色和风格的形成至关重要。目前,我国的果酒生产大多都采用国外进口的葡萄酒酿造的活性干酵母粉,由于水果品种、栽培环境及工艺条件等差异,引入菌种并不能完全表现出其良好品质,产品缺乏典型性,同时外来微生物菌种的大量引入,会影响本土资源的丰富性和多样性。不同产区以及不同水果中野生酿酒酵母分布具有一定规律性。因此,急需探索开发可改善果酒口感和风味的新酵母。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种增香有孢汉生酵母,还相应提供该增香有孢汉生酵母在低醇甜型脐橙酒中的应用,具有增加脐橙酒香气复杂性、提高果香浓郁度、提高脐橙酒品质等优点。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案。
一种增香有孢汉生酵母,所述增香有孢汉生酵母为有孢汉生酵母(Hanseniasporaopuntiae)QC6,其在中国典型培养物保藏中心的保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2021445。
作为一个总的技术构思,本发明还公开了一种上述的增香有孢汉生酵母在低醇甜型脐橙酒加工中的应用。
上述的应用,优选的,包括以下步骤:
S1、原料榨汁:将崀丰脐橙清洗、降农残、去除精油、榨汁,得到脐橙汁;
S2、成分调整:将步骤S1得到的脐橙汁中加入蔗糖和发酵助剂,所述蔗糖的添加质量占脐橙汁质量的8%~12%,所述发酵助剂的添加量为0.2g/L脐橙汁~0.3g/L脐橙汁,得到含蔗糖和发酵助剂的脐橙汁;
S3、酵母活化接种:将所述增香有孢汉生酵母先后采用YPD固体培养基、YPD液体培养基进行培养活化,将酿酒酵母先后采用水、果汁进行活化,将活化后的增香有孢汉生酵母接种于步骤S2得到的含蔗糖和发酵助剂的脐橙汁中,发酵2天~3天后,再接种活化后的酿酒酵母;
S4、发酵:对接种后的脐橙汁进行超声波辅助发酵,然后进行主发酵;
S5、终止发酵:当脐橙发酵液的酒精度达到7度~8度时,加入二氧化硫,先在-2℃~-3℃低温下处理,再进行超声处理,分离倒罐,得到低醇甜型脐橙原酒;
S6、下胶过滤:采用皂土对所述低醇甜型脐橙原酒进行下胶,经过滤、灌装,得到低醇甜型脐橙酒。
上述的应用,优选的,步骤S1中,所述降农残采用臭氧复合高压脉冲电场进行农残降解,即将清洗后的脐橙在臭氧清洗处理的同时进行高压脉冲电场处理,臭氧的浓度为5mg/L~15mg/L,臭氧清洗处理的时间为15min~30min,高压脉冲电场处理的电场强度为2kV/cm~3kV/cm,脉冲时间为50μs~150μs,脉冲个数为50~100,所述去除精油采用磨油机进行去除。
上述的应用,优选的,步骤S3中,所述酵母活化接种的具体过程为:将增香有孢汉生酵母先在YPD固体培养基中培养2天~3天,然后在YPD液体培养基中于26℃~28℃培养18h~24h,得到发酵菌液,将发酵菌液于6℃~8℃离心处理3min~5min,所述离心处理的转速为5000rpm/min~6000rpm/min,收集菌体,然后采用无菌水清洗和重悬菌体,所述清洗的次数为2次~3次,调节菌液浓度为106-7cfu/mL,得到活化后的增香有孢汉生酵母,冷藏温度为4℃~6℃,所述活化后的增香有孢汉生酵母按1%~2%的比例接种,所述活化后的酿酒酵母按2‰~5‰的比例接种,所述酿酒酵母为酿酒酵母DV10。
上述的应用,优选的,步骤S4中,所述超声波辅助发酵的具体过程为:将步骤S3接种后的脐橙汁采用低频超声间歇处理,超声功率为100W~150W,超声频率为10kHz~15kHz,每超声处理0.5s停止6s,连续处理5h~8h后停止循环,进入主发酵,在18℃~20℃发酵4天~7天,发酵期间倒罐2次~3次。
上述的应用,优选的,步骤S5中,所述二氧化硫的添加量为30mg/L~50mg/L,所述低温处理的时间为5天~7天,所述超声处理的功率为300W~400W,所述超声处理的频率为40kHz~50kHz,所述超声处理的时间为30min~40min。
上述的应用,优选的,步骤S6中,所述皂土的添加量为50g/L~60g/L,所述过滤采用错流膜过滤,所述错流膜为圆盘错流膜,过滤流速为10m/s~15m/s。
上述的应用,优选的,所述脐橙为崀丰脐橙。
本发明从我国新宁脐橙产区脐橙果实表面筛选、鉴定得到的有孢汉生酵母QC6。利用本发明的有孢汉生酵母QC6与商业活性干酵母混合发酵,发酵过程中无SO2添加。采用超声辅助发酵,有助于酵母的快速增殖,发酵启动速度快,底物葡萄糖的利用率高,同时减少乙醇的合成和高级醇的生成。发酵至预设酒度,采用少量SO2+低温+超声处理终止低醇甜型酒的发酵,再经下胶和错流膜过滤后进行灌装得到低醇甜型脐橙酒。
有孢汉生酵母属(Hanseniaspora,H)是葡萄酒和其他果酒自然发酵初期出现的主导野生酵母菌属之一,主要有维尼有孢汉生酵母(H.vineae)、葡萄有孢汉生酵母(H.uvarum)、仙人掌有孢汉生酵母(H.opuntiae)、季也蒙有孢汉生酵母(H.guilliermondii)、奥斯曼有孢汉逊酵母(H.osmophila)。与酿酒酵母相比,H.发酵产乙醇能力较低,其在增加酒的挥发性化合物方面起到重要作用。因此,本发明提供具有优良增香性能的有孢汉生酵母应用于脐橙酒发酵,对脐橙酒色泽、香气、感官和风格的改善具有重要意义。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明提供了一种增香有孢汉生酵母,可应用于脐橙酒酿造,具有增加脐橙酒香气复杂性,提高脐橙酒果香浓郁度、提高脐橙酒的品质等优点。
(2)本发明的增香有孢汉生酵母在脐橙低醇甜型酒中的应用,利用增香有孢汉生酵母QC6和酿酒酵母混合发酵,能显著提高乙酸乙酯、乙酸苯乙酯等酯类香气物质的含量,从而有效增加脐橙酒中的香气。混合发酵后酒中的酯类物质含量达到了216.25mg/L,较仅使用酿酒酵母DV10发酵的高165.57mg/L;其中乙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯明显增加,乙酸乙酯由5.72mg/L增加至20.09mg/L,乙酸乙酯具有令人愉快的花果香气、菠萝香气,阈值仅为3.6μg/L,对果酒呈现果香的贡献大。
(3)本发明采用臭氧复合高压脉冲电场降解农残,可有效降低臭氧的使用浓度,同时解决目前臭氧降农残不彻底及因降解不完全而生成的毒性更大半降解产物的问题,实现农残的快速有效降解,保证食品安全。臭氧是一种强氧化剂,但在实际水处理中应用较少,主要的原因是经济代价高,如何减少臭氧用量,提高臭氧的利用率是一个难点。臭氧复合高压脉冲电场可产生协同效果,脉冲放电提高了臭氧在水中的溶解度,而高压脉冲放电协同臭氧氧化则充分利用高压脉冲放电产生的液电空化效应,在电极之间的气泡周期性的膨胀收缩产生大量细小气泡,并增大接触面积促使臭氧大量进入液相或在气液界面反应,提高了臭氧氧化的利用效率,因而对农残有很好的降解效果。目前,利用臭氧复合高压脉冲电场降解农残的报道极少。
(4)本发明在酵母活化发酵过程中,无SO2添加。SO2在葡萄酒中主要表现为抗菌和抗氧化特性,长期以来在葡萄酒的酿造过程中使用,SO2在葡萄酒中的作用任何物质都不可取代。近年来,SO2对身体健康造成的过敏反应等一些健康问题引起公众的担心,减少果酒中SO2的用量或寻找其他抗氧化剂和抑菌剂已经成为果酒行业亟待解决的重大问题。本发明依据崀丰脐橙的采收期为11月底,气温较低,适宜果酒酿造;同时结合人工接种有孢汉生酵母QC6与商业化酿酒酵母DV10混合发酵+超声波辅助发酵等技术相结合实现。
(5)本发明在接种酵母后采用低频超声波辅助发酵,通过低频超声可以加速酵母对底物葡萄糖的利用,其生殖代谢加速,酵母快速增值迭代,增加了CO2的生成,减少乙醇合成,同时其他如酯类、酸类等风味物质影响较小;另一方面在果胶含量较高的水果发酵后2-甲基-1-丙醇、2-甲基-1-丁醇、3-甲基-1-丁醇等杂醇含量普遍偏高,采用低频超声超声空化产生的自由基与酒石酸、乙醇、亚铁、铜离子、甘露醇等发生反应,降低了高级醇的生成,有助于低醇果酒品质的提升和风味的改善。
(6)本发明在主发酵完成后采用少量二氧化硫+低温+超声处理来终止发酵,保证后期低醇甜型脐橙酒品质的稳定性。由于脐橙酒酒精含量低,残糖含量高,产品中微生物依然处于活跃期,后期稳定性难以保证,因此采用发酵后冷冻处理可以更好地抑制残余酵母菌等微生物的继续活动,有助于酒中的果肉悬浮物质加速沉降,增加其稳定性;低温处理对酒体风味成分和整体香气品质影响较小,有助于保持新鲜圆润的口感,减少柑橘类苦味物质的转变,改善低醇酒的感官品质;同时40kHz~50kHz的超声处理所产生的空穴效应及高能微气泡,可使酒体处于短暂性的高温高压状态,加快酵母菌等微生物细胞的破碎,更好地保证产品微生物稳定性。
一种增香有孢汉生酵母,所述增香有孢汉生酵母为有孢汉生酵母(Hanseniasporaopuntiae)QC6,其在中国典型培养物保藏中心的保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2021445,保藏单位地址位于中国武汉大学,保藏日期为2021年4月25日。
本发明的增香有孢汉生酵母,其菌落形态特征为:将菌种划线接种于YPD(葡萄糖2%、酵母粉1%、蛋白胨2%、琼脂2%)培养基上,28℃培养2天,菌落呈圆形,表面平整,乳白色,中心处色泽偏深,边缘整齐,菌落光滑,易挑起,有浓郁的酵母香;细胞形态为纺锤状,出芽生殖;菌落直径3mm~4mm。在麦芽汁琼脂培养基和YPD琼脂培养基28℃培养3天,连续传代数代培养,其培养特征及形态特征均无明显变化,该菌株的生物学性状基本稳定。本发明的增香有孢汉生酵母,进行18S区rDNA测序,测序结果如SEQ NO:1所示。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的增香有孢汉生酵母的菌落形态特征图。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图和具体优选的实施例对本发明作进一步描述,但并不因此而限制本发明的保护范围。以下实施例中所采用的材料和仪器均为市售。
实施例1:
一种本发明的增香有孢汉生酵母,该增香有孢汉生酵母为有孢汉生酵母(Hanseniaspora opuntiae)QC6,其在中国典型培养物保藏中心的保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2021445,保藏单位地址位于中国武汉大学,保藏日期为2021年4月25日。
增香有孢汉生酵母QC6分离、纯化及鉴定:
取土壤及脐橙果品表面各10g于90mL YPD液体培养基中,振荡培养24h,取上清液梯度稀释,涂布于YPD培养基上,倒置培养2~3d。脐橙榨汁后装入无菌三角瓶中发酵后,梯度稀释涂布于YPD培养基上,培养2~3d。培养温度均为28℃。挑选具有典型酵母特征的菌落进行平板划线,纯化后接种至YPD斜面培养12~24h,置于4℃冰箱保存。将分离得到的酵母菌经过一级筛选(TTC显色法)、二级筛选(杜氏管法)、三级筛选(糖发酵试验)、四级筛选(脐橙酒发酵法)后,最终得到一株增香酵母QC6,经鉴定为有孢汉生酵母。
上述菌株经过形态学观察和18SrDNA进行扩增测序,对所有鉴定结果综合分析。具体鉴定结果如下:
形态学观察结果:在YPD培养基28℃培养2d,菌落呈圆形,表面平整,乳白色,中心处色泽偏深,边缘整齐,菌落光滑,易挑起,有浓郁的酵母香;细胞形态为纺锤状,出芽生殖。菌落直径3mm~4mm。图1为本发明的增香有孢汉生酵母的菌落形态特征图。先后在麦芽汁琼脂培养基和YPD琼脂培养基28℃分别培养3天,连续传代数代培养,其培养特征及形态特征均无明显变化,该菌株的生物学性状基本稳定。
18SrDNA扩增测序分析鉴定方法和结果:由上海生工生物工程有限公司进行鉴定和测序;测序结果与NCBI数据库中的已有序列进行比对,确认为有孢汉生酵母(Hanseniaspora opuntiae)。测定得到的18SrDNA序列如SEQ NO:1所示。
实施例2:
一种本发明的增香有孢汉生酵母在低醇甜型脐橙酒中的应用,采用实施例1的增香有孢汉生酵母,包括以下步骤:
S1、原料榨汁:将崀丰脐橙清洗后,采用高浓度臭氧复合高压脉冲电场进行农残降解,即将清洗后的脐橙在臭氧池臭氧清洗处理的同时进行高压脉冲电场处理,臭氧池中臭氧的浓度为10mg/L,臭氧清洗时间为30min,高压脉冲电场处理的电场强度2kV/cm、时间100μs,脉冲个数80,经磨油机去除精油后,采用FMC杯式榨汁机榨汁,得到脐橙汁;
S2、成分调整:在步骤S1得到的脐橙汁中加入蔗糖和发酵助剂,蔗糖的质量占脐橙汁质量的8%,发酵助剂的添加量为0.2g/L脐橙汁;
S3、酵母活化接种:将增香有孢汉生酵母QC6在YPD固体培养基培养2-3天,然后接入YPD液体培养基中于28℃培养24h,得到发酵菌液,将发酵菌液在6℃~8℃、5000rpm/min条件下离心5min,收集菌体,无菌水清洗2次,用无菌水重悬菌体备用作为待接种的活化种子;调节菌液浓度为106-7cfu/mL,冷藏温度为4℃~6℃。有孢汉生酵母QC6活化后按1%~2%的比例进行接种,发酵2d~3d后接种活化后的酿酒酵母DV10(法国拉曼公司生产),接种比例为2‰~5‰,活化的酿酒酵母是先采用纯水活化再用果汁进行活化,得到接种后的脐橙汁;
S4、发酵:先采用超声波辅助发酵,将接种后的脐橙汁中泵入容器中进行低频超声间歇处理,脐橙汁可以保持流速为每秒0.03个发酵体积~0.04个发酵体积,超声功率100W、频率10kHz,每超声处理0.5s停止6s,连续处理6h后停止循环,进入主发酵,在18℃发酵4d,发酵期间倒罐2次。
S5、终止发酵:当脐橙发酵液中酒精度达到7度时,加入30mg/L的二氧化硫,在-2℃低温下处理5d,再进行超声处理,超声波功率300W、频率40kHz,处理时间30min,分离倒罐获得低醇甜型脐橙原酒。
S6、下胶过滤:经稳定性实验确定下胶量,采用皂土对低醇甜型脐橙原酒进行下胶,皂土的添加量为50g/L,然后错流膜过滤,错流膜为圆盘错流膜,过滤流速为12m/s,脐橙原酒过滤后损失率仅为0.4%,灌装,得到低醇甜型脐橙酒。
对比例1:
一种酿酒酵母加工脐橙酒的方法,与实施例2基本相同,区别在于:步骤S3中只采用酿酒酵母DV10发酵而不采用混合发酵。
上述实施例2制得的低醇甜型脐橙酒和对比例1制得的脐橙酒的挥发性香气物质对比结果如表1所示。
表1实施例2与对比例1的主要挥发性香气物质对比表
从表1可看出,实施例2的QC6+DV10混合发酵的脐橙酒比对比例1的DV10发酵的挥发性香气物质含量明显提高。其中,酯类和醇类增加的较多,乙酸乙酯由5.72mg/L增加至20.09mg/L,乙酸乙酯具有令人愉快的花果香气、菠萝香气,阈值仅为3.6μg/L,是果酒呈现果香的重要贡献;其他含量明显增加的酯类还有辛酸乙酯、己酸乙酯、癸酸乙酯等,绝大多数酯类能产生令人愉悦的水果香气。辛酸乙酯具有水果、白兰地酒香味、蘑菇、椰子、奶油、脂肪味等果香气,其香气强度在酯类中仅次于己酸乙酯,癸酸乙酯具有果香和白兰地酒香,因此实施例2中增香有孢汉生酵母QC6和酿酒酵母DV10混合发酵的低醇甜型脐橙酒香气更复杂和浓郁。
本发明的该菌株分离自湖南省柑橘产区的崀丰脐橙自然发酵醪,利用筛选出的有孢汉生酵母QC6与酿酒酵母混合发酵酿造崀丰脐橙酒,首先采用超声辅助发酵,加速酵母增殖与底物葡萄糖的利用,同时减少乙醇的合成和高级醇的生成,发酵至预设酒度后采用少量SO2+低温+超声处理,及时终止低醇甜型酒的发酵,再经下胶澄清和错流膜过滤除菌,最后进行灌装得到低醇甜型脐橙酒。此菌株的应用显著提高酯类等香气物质的含量,增加酒体香气的复杂性,提升低醇脐橙酒的品质。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭示如上,然而并非用以限定本发明。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神实质和技术方案的情况下,都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同替换、等效变化及修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。
序列表
<110> 湖南省农产品加工研究所
<120> 增香有孢汉生酵母及其在低醇甜型脐橙酒中的应用
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 586
<212> DNA
<213> 有孢汉生酵母QC-6(Hanseniaspora opuntiae QC-6)
<400> 1
gaggaaaaga aaccaactgg gattacctta gtaacggcga gtgaagcggt aaaagctcaa 60
atttgaaatc tggtactttc agtgcccgag ttgtaatttg tagaatttgt ctttgattag 120
gtccttgtct atgttccttg gaacaggacg tcatagaggg tgagaatccc gtttggcgag 180
gatacctttt ctctgtaaga ctttttcgaa gagtcgagtt gtttgggaat gcagctcaaa 240
gtgggtggta aattccatct aaagctaaat attggcgaga gaccgatagc gaacaagtac 300
agtgatggaa agatgaaaag aactttgaaa agagagtgaa aaagtacgtg aaattgttga 360
aagggaaggg catttgatca gacatggtgt ttttttaatg tgcaagtctc tcgtggacat 420
gtgcctctgg aaattaacac tgggccaaca tcagttctgg cggcaggata aatcattaag 480
aatgtagcta cctcggtagt gttatagctt tttggaatac tgccagctgg gattgaggac 540
tgcgcttcgg caaggatgtt ggcataatgg ttaaatgccg cccgtc 586
Claims (6)
1.一种增香有孢汉生酵母在低醇甜型脐橙酒加工中的应用,所述增香有孢汉生酵母为有孢汉生酵母(Hanseniaspora opuntiae)QC6,其在中国典型培养物保藏中心的保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2021445;
所述的应用包括以下步骤:
S1、原料榨汁:将崀丰脐橙清洗、降农残、去除精油、榨汁,得到脐橙汁;
S2、成分调整:将步骤S1得到的脐橙汁中加入蔗糖和发酵助剂,所述蔗糖的添加质量占脐橙汁质量的8%~12%,所述发酵助剂的添加量为0.2g/L脐橙汁~0.3g/L脐橙汁,得到含蔗糖和发酵助剂的脐橙汁;
S3、酵母活化接种:将所述增香有孢汉生酵母先后采用YPD固体培养基、YPD液体培养基进行培养活化,将酿酒酵母先后采用水、果汁进行活化,将活化后的增香有孢汉生酵母接种于步骤S2得到的含蔗糖和发酵助剂的脐橙汁中,发酵2天~3天后,再接种活化后的酿酒酵母;
S4、发酵:对接种后的脐橙汁进行超声波辅助发酵,然后进行主发酵;
S5、终止发酵:当脐橙发酵液的酒精度达到7度~8度时,加入二氧化硫,先在-2℃~-3℃低温下处理,再进行超声处理,分离倒罐,得到低醇甜型脐橙原酒;
S6、下胶过滤:采用皂土对所述低醇甜型脐橙原酒进行下胶,经过滤、灌装,得到低醇甜型脐橙酒;
步骤S3中,所述酵母活化接种的具体过程为:将增香有孢汉生酵母先在YPD固体培养基中培养2天~3天,然后在YPD液体培养基中于26℃~28℃培养18h~24h,得到发酵菌液,将发酵菌液于6℃~8℃离心处理3min~5min,所述离心处理的转速为5000rpm/min~6000rpm/min,收集菌体,然后采用无菌水清洗和重悬菌体,所述清洗的次数为2次~3次,调节菌液浓度为106-7cfu/mL,得到活化后的增香有孢汉生酵母,冷藏温度为4℃~6℃,所述活化后的增香有孢汉生酵母按1%~2%的比例接种,所述活化后的酿酒酵母按2‰~5‰的比例接种;在酵母活化发酵过程中,无SO2添加;
步骤S4中,所述超声波辅助发酵的具体过程为:将步骤S3接种后的脐橙汁采用低频超声间歇处理,超声功率为100W~150W,超声频率为10kHz~15kHz,每超声处理0.5s停止6s,连续处理5h~8h后停止循环,进入主发酵,在18℃~20℃发酵4天~7天,发酵期间倒罐2次~3次。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,步骤S1中,所述降农残采用臭氧复合高压脉冲电场进行农残降解,即将清洗后的脐橙在臭氧清洗处理的同时进行高压脉冲电场处理,臭氧的浓度为5mg/L~15mg/L,臭氧清洗处理的时间为15min~30min,高压脉冲电场处理的电场强度为2kV/cm~3kV/cm,脉冲时间为50μs~150μs,脉冲个数为50~100,所述去除精油采用磨油机进行去除。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述酿酒酵母为酿酒酵母DV10。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,步骤S5中,所述二氧化硫的添加量为30mg/L~50mg/L,所述低温处理的时间为5天~7天,所述超声处理的功率为300W~400W,所述超声处理的频率为40kHz~50kHz,所述超声处理的时间为30min~40min。
5.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,步骤S6中,所述皂土的添加量为50g/L~60g/L,所述过滤采用错流膜过滤,所述错流膜为圆盘错流膜,过滤流速为10m/s~15m/s。
6.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述脐橙为崀丰脐橙。
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