CN113308304A - 一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分与提取方法 - Google Patents
一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分与提取方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体的说是一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分与提取方法,黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分包括20个挥发性化合物,分别为:(Z)‑3,7‑二甲基‑1,3,6‑十八烷三烯(0.081%)、1‑乙烯基‑1‑甲基‑2‑(1‑甲基乙基)‑4‑(1‑甲基亚乙基)环己烷(0.278%)、β‑榄香烯(0.159%)和β‑石竹烯(0.1%);一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的提取方法,包括以下步骤:S1:将德国洋甘菊干花研磨成粉末,称取洋甘菊干花粉末100g,置于圆底烧瓶中,加入5‑10倍数的水,震荡圆底烧瓶,使其混合均匀,浸泡2‑3min;分析了黑龙江省种植的德国洋甘菊精油有效成分,探讨与其他地区种植的德国洋甘菊精油有效成分的差异性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体的说是一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分与提取方法。
背景技术
洋甘菊(Matricaria Chamomillal L.)又称母菊,为菊科母菊属(Matricaria)一年生或多年生草本,全草具香气,含有挥发性芳香油,是一种重要的药用植物和香料植物。德国洋甘菊的精油呈深蓝色,这是由于在蒸馏萃取过程中,植物的天然成分与蒸气混合,产生一种“蓝甘菊油烃”(母菊薁),而呈现出罕见的蓝色,迥异于其他洋甘菊油。
德国洋甘菊,药用植物之星,近年来逐渐涉足化妆品和妇婴专用产品领域。其花具有消炎、抑制真菌、解痉等作用。因其安全性,常被用于婴儿的急性腹痛、腹泻和其他情况。相关研究报道,德国洋甘菊的药用范围极广,其水提物或基础挥发油具有抗敏、抗高血压、抗衰老等药用价值。
此外,由洋甘菊提炼出来的洋甘菊精油也是非常流行的保键品;因其精油可放松身心,药用止痛,因此被称为天然镇静剂;可治疗风湿病,消除背痛,缓解皮肤过敏症状,养护晒伤的肌肤。
现有技术中,洋甘菊作为一种引进植物,洋甘菊在我国尚未得到充分的开发及利用;而德国洋甘菊的经济价值较大,可开发的副产品较多,在药用、美容和洗护方面具有不可替代的地位,尤其是妇婴专用药物及洗护产品方面具有绝对的安全性。
为此,本发明提供一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分与提取方法。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的不足,解决现有技术中,洋甘菊作为一种引进植物,洋甘菊在我国尚未得到充分的开发及利用;而德国洋甘菊的经济价值较大,可开发的副产品较多,在药用、美容和洗护方面具有不可替代的地位,尤其是妇婴专用药物及洗护产品方面具有绝对的安全性的问题,本发明提出的一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分与提取方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:本发明所述的一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分,包括20个挥发性化合物,分别为:(Z)-3,7-二甲基-1,3,6-十八烷三烯(0.081%)、1-乙烯基-1-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)-4-(1-甲基亚乙基)环己烷(0.278%)、β-榄香烯(0.159%)、β-石竹烯(0.1%)、1-甲基-5-亚甲基-8-(1-甲基乙基)-,(1e,6e,8s)-1,6-环癸二烯(0.103%)、(Z)-β-金合欢烯(1.26%)、大根香叶烯D(0.195%)、α-芹子烯(1.671%)、γ-榄香烯(0.636%)、α-金合欢烯(0.187%)、γ-衣兰油烯(0.079%)、δ-杜松烯(0.08%)、(E)-β-金合欢烯(36.097%)、2-异丙基-5-甲基-9-亚甲基二环[4.4.0]癸-1-烯(6.614%)、甜没药萜醇(0.409%)、1,4-二甲基-7-乙基薁(2.746%)、四氢-2,2,6-三甲基-6-(4-甲基-3-环己烯-1-基)-2H-吡喃-3-醇(0.55%)、2-(2,4-己二炔亚基)-1,6-二氧杂螺[4.4]壬-3-烯(0.537%)、正二十四烷(1.088%)和正二十七烷(0.649%)。
一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的提取方法,该提取方法适用于上述的黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油,该提取方法包括以下步骤:
S1:将德国洋甘菊干花研磨成粉末,称取洋甘菊干花粉末100g,置于圆底烧瓶中,加入5-10倍数的水,震荡圆底烧瓶,使其混合均匀,浸泡2-3min;;
S2:往通过S1得到的混合液中加入4-6颗沸石,缓缓加热至沸,并保持微沸10-15min,然后停止加热,使其在空气中自然冷却;
S3:将通过S2得到的混合液加入正己烷洗涤挥发油提取器,使得混合液经无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,最后将所得样品进行避光冷藏。
进一步,该提取方法在原有提取的基础上,高温浸泡后使用了超声强化,增加了精油的得率。
本发明的有益效果如下:
1.本发明的提取方法在原有提取的基础上,高温浸泡后使用了超声强化,增加了精油的得率;本方法使用的相关产品,均达到临床应用级别;制备及购买方便、快捷。
2.在本发明中,重点分析了黑龙江省种植的德国洋甘菊精油有效成分,探讨与其他地区种植的德国洋甘菊精油有效成分的差异性;因洋甘菊精油为天然植物提取物,可成为提取植物源药素主要来源,为日化、美容、医疗及母婴用品方面的新产品研发提供实验基础。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
图1为德国洋甘菊精油的气相色谱-质谱分析的总离子流谱图;
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1:德国洋甘菊精油的制备
采用水蒸气蒸馏法进行挥发油提取,S1:将德国洋甘菊干花研磨成粉末,称取洋甘菊干花粉末100g,置于圆底烧瓶中,加入5-10倍数的水,震荡圆底烧瓶,使其混合均匀,浸泡2-3min;S2:往通过S1得到的混合液中加入4-6颗沸石,缓缓加热至沸,并保持微沸10-15min,然后停止加热,使其在空气中自然冷却;S3:将通过S2得到的混合液加入正己烷洗涤挥发油提取器,使得混合液经无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,最后将所得样品进行避光冷藏。
供试液制备:GC-MS测定前,挥发油用正己烷稀释成10倍体积。
实施例2:采用GC-MS法分析洋甘菊油中的挥发性成分
仪器:7890A-5975C型气相色谱-质谱联用仪(美国安捷伦科技有限公司)
仪器工作条件:
色谱条件:HP-5MS石英毛细管柱(30m×0.25mm×0.25μm),进样口温度250℃;载气为氦气(99.999%),分流比为10:1,进样量1uL。
质谱条件:电子轰击离子源(EI),离子源温度230℃,接口温度280℃;电子能量为70Ev,四级杆温度为150℃,质量扫描范围为20-650Amu。升温程序:初始温度60℃,保持5min,以5℃/min速率升至280℃,保持10min。
定性定量方法:对总离子流图中的各峰经质谱扫描后得到质谱图,经过质谱计算机数据系统检索,人工谱图解析,查阅有关文献,并采用峰面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。
实施案例3:黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油外观和香味比较
德国洋甘菊精油具有较浓的木头香、药草香和轻微的松柏香、香荚兰香,呈深蓝色,其色彩在天然产物中极为独特。与新疆种植的德国洋甘菊精油相比,黑龙江种植德国洋甘菊颜色较深,分析认为有效成分应有所差异。
实施例4:黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油挥发性成分分析
经分析鉴定,德国洋甘菊油中挥发性成分见表一。德国洋甘菊油的气相色谱-质谱分析的总离子流谱图(见图1)。利用气相色谱-质谱,建立了德国洋甘菊油的指纹图谱,通过质谱库检索及保留指数比对确认,共定性了20个挥发性化合物,主要成分是(E)-β-金合欢烯(36.097%)、2-异丙基-5-甲基-9-亚甲基二环[4.4.0]癸-1-烯(6.614%)、母菊薁(2.746%)、α-芹子烯(1.671%)、(Z)-β-金合欢烯(1.26%)、γ-榄香烯(0.636%)、甜没药萜醇(0.409%)等。比较分析,黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的主要挥发性成分与新疆种植的德国洋甘菊油的挥发性成分存在明显的差异,且黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分高于新疆种植的德国洋甘菊油。
表一GC-MS法对黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊油中挥发性成分的分析结果
上述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
上述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (3)
1.一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的成分,其特征在于:包括20个挥发性化合物,分别为:(Z)-3,7-二甲基-1,3,6-十八烷三烯(0.081%)、1-乙烯基-1-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)-4-(1-甲基亚乙基)环己烷(0.278%)、β-榄香烯(0.159%)、β-石竹烯(0.1%)、1-甲基-5-亚甲基-8-(1-甲基乙基)-,(1e,6e,8s)-1,6-环癸二烯(0.103%)、(Z)-β-金合欢烯(1.26%)、大根香叶烯D(0.195%)、α-芹子烯(1.671%)、γ-榄香烯(0.636%)、α-金合欢烯(0.187%)、γ-衣兰油烯(0.079%)、δ-杜松烯(0.08%)、(E)-β-金合欢烯(36.097%)、2-异丙基-5-甲基-9-亚甲基二环[4.4.0]癸-1-烯(6.614%)、甜没药萜醇(0.409%)、1,4-二甲基-7-乙基薁(2.746%)、四氢-2,2,6-三甲基-6-(4-甲基-3-环己烯-1-基)-2H-吡喃-3-醇(0.55%)、2-(2,4-己二炔亚基)-1,6-二氧杂螺[4.4]壬-3-烯(0.537%)、正二十四烷(1.088%)和正二十七烷(0.649%)。
2.一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的提取方法,该提取方法适用于权利要求1中的黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油,其特征在于:该提取方法包括以下步骤:
S1:将德国洋甘菊干花研磨成粉末,称取洋甘菊干花粉末100g,置于圆底烧瓶中,加入5-10倍数的水,震荡圆底烧瓶,使其混合均匀,浸泡2-3min;;
S2:往通过S1得到的混合液中加入4-6颗沸石,缓缓加热至沸,并保持微沸10-15min,然后停止加热,使其在空气中自然冷却;
S3:将通过S2得到的混合液加入正己烷洗涤挥发油提取器,使得混合液经无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,最后将所得样品进行避光冷藏。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种黑龙江种植的德国洋甘菊精油的提取方法,其特征在于:该提取方法在原有提取的基础上,高温浸泡后使用了超声强化,增加了精油的得率。
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CN107841379A (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-27 | 陕西易阳科技有限公司 | 一种罗马洋甘菊油的制备方法 |
CN109628222A (zh) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-04-16 | 嘉兴市寒疆芳草生物科技有限公司 | 一种洋甘菊精油的提取工艺及其精油的应用 |
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JPH05112459A (ja) * | 1991-09-24 | 1993-05-07 | Sogo Insatsu Kogei Kk | カミツレ成分の抽出方法 |
CN106281706A (zh) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 广西灏源盛世生物科技有限公司 | 一种洋甘菊精油提取加工工艺 |
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