CN113306241A - 一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113306241A
CN113306241A CN202110650802.7A CN202110650802A CN113306241A CN 113306241 A CN113306241 A CN 113306241A CN 202110650802 A CN202110650802 A CN 202110650802A CN 113306241 A CN113306241 A CN 113306241A
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张文俊
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Jinjiang Kaiji High Molecular Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，包括无纺布基层、加强层、PE薄膜层、抗菌层、阻燃层，所述无纺布基层、加强层、PE薄膜层依次由下到上粘接，所述抗菌层位于所述加强层的两侧且与加强层一体成型，所述阻燃层与无纺布基层位于同一层且交错设置；所述加强层包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯40‑60份、聚磷酸铵42‑50份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料30‑50份、碳纤维20‑24份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛13‑15份、甲基环己二胺13‑15份、抗氧化剂9‑14份。本发明具有优异的透气性、阻燃效果和防水性能，且制得的无纺布结构稳定，断裂强度大，不易扯断，另外抗菌层能够防止淋膜用无纺布产生霉菌，抗菌效果显著，提高无纺布的使用质量，且制作过程简单易操作。

Description

一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及淋膜无纺布生产技术领域，尤其涉及一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法。
背景技术
淋膜无纺布又叫淋膜复合无纺布，这种布料是新型的布料。所谓淋膜无纺布就是在无纺布上涂上一层塑料薄膜，一般都是高温加热成热熔状态的塑料涂覆在无纺布上冷却形成的产品。亦或是PP无纺布上加了一层PE材料；也可以解释为彩印膜，粘合在无纺布上，表现色彩丰富。淋膜复合无纺布比复合无纺布比较有手感，摸起来的纹路要比镭射复合无纺布带有实在感。
无纺布突破传统的防治原理，并具有工艺流程短，生产速率快，产量高，成本低，用途广，原料来源多等特点，随着无纺布的应用范围不断扩大，人们对无纺布的要求也不断提高，因此，复合无纺布应运而生。随着复合无纺布应用需求的不断增加，无纺布的防水防尘防UV的特性也越来越受到人们的重视，但是，目前常规方法做出来的淋膜用复合无纺布，性能比较差，尤其是在抗菌阻燃方面的性能较为一般，使淋膜无纺布在很多领域的应用受到限制，另外制备工艺繁琐，且制得的成品结构不稳定。因此我们提出一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法用于解决此类问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的制备工艺繁琐，制得的成品结构不稳定，且阻燃抗菌效果较差的缺点，而提出的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法。
一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，包括无纺布基层、加强层、PE薄膜层、抗菌层、阻燃层，所述无纺布基层、加强层、PE薄膜层依次由下到上粘接，所述抗菌层位于所述加强层的两侧且与加强层一体成型，所述阻燃层与无纺布基层位于同一层且交错设置；
所述加强层包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯40-60份、聚磷酸铵42-50份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料30-50份、碳纤维20-24份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛13-15份、甲基环己二胺13-15份、抗氧化剂9-14份；
将所述的碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料依次加入到粉碎机中，在1000-1200r/min速度下粉碎40-60min，再转移至混炼机中，加入膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛、甲基环己二胺，在30-38℃条件下密炼20-40min，升温至60-80℃，加入抗氧化剂，在0.05-0.1MPa真空条件下进行脱水，保持1-3h后，脱水完成后加入注塑机内加热塑化，挤出后均匀拉伸至无纺布基层的表层，最后压合PE薄膜层制得淋膜用无纺布。
优选的，所述加强层包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯45-55份、聚磷酸铵44-48份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料35-45份、碳纤维21-23份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛13.5-14.5份、甲基环己二胺13.5-14.5份、抗氧化剂10-13份。
优选的，所述加强层包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯50份、聚磷酸铵46份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料40份、碳纤维22份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛14份、甲基环己二胺14份、抗氧化剂12份。
优选的，所述膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛和甲基环己二胺的质量比为1：1。
优选的，所述无纺布基层由PET无纺布层和双层聚酰胺纤维组成，所述双层聚酰胺纤维由200D空变丝和300D空变丝相互缠绕而成，通过熔喷法平铺于无纺布基层的上下两面。
优选的，所述抗菌层为纳米银负载SiO2颗粒，其制备方法如下：将纳米SiO2粉末分散于羟甲基纤维素水溶液中，得到纳米SiO2分散液；再滴加至AgNO3溶液中，调整溶液的pH值为7.5-8.5，反应1-2h后离心分离，然后用去离子水洗涤，干燥，即制得纳米银负载SiO2颗粒。
优选的，所述加强层的原料从注塑机挤出后，一边拉伸一边进行加温压实处理，使加强层和无纺布基层完全压合。
优选的，所述PE薄膜层的厚度为0.03-0.05mm，所述PE薄膜层由低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯组成，其中低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯的重量比为(70-80)：(20-30)。
优选的，所述阻燃层包括质量比为(2-3)：1的阻燃剂和添加剂，所述添加剂为阴离子渗透剂。
优选的，所述阻燃剂为叶蜡石粉、铝酸钙、碳酸氢钠、黄锑石粉、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝中的任意一种或多种。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：通过无纺布基层、加强层、PE薄膜层、抗菌层、阻燃层的五层结构设计，利用无纺布基层和PE薄膜层中间，添加合理配比碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料等制成的加强层，其具有优异的透气性、阻燃效果和防水性能，且制得的无纺布结构稳定，断裂强度大，不易扯断，另外利用抗菌层的纳米银负载SiO2颗粒以及阻燃层的阻燃剂和阴离子渗透剂，能够有效除去无纺布中的杂质，提高阻燃剂的表面活性，进一步提高阻燃效果，也能够防止淋膜用无纺布产生霉菌，抗菌效果显著，提高无纺布的使用质量，且制作过程简单易操作，对环境友好，应用范围广阔。
附图说明
图1为本发明的淋膜用无纺布的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
参照图1，本发明提出的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，包括无纺布基层1、加强层2、PE薄膜层3、抗菌层4、阻燃层5，所述无纺布基层1、加强层2、PE薄膜层3依次由下到上粘接，所述抗菌层4位于所述加强层2的两侧且与加强层2一体成型，所述阻燃层5与无纺布基层1位于同一层且交错设置。
所述无纺布基层1由PET无纺布层和双层聚酰胺纤维组成，所述双层聚酰胺纤维由200D空变丝和300D空变丝相互缠绕而成，通过熔喷法平铺于无纺布基层1的上下两面。
所述PE薄膜层3的厚度为0.03-0.05mm，所述PE薄膜层3由低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯组成，其中低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯的重量比为(70-80)：(20-30)。
所述抗菌层4为纳米银负载SiO2颗粒，其制备方法如下：将纳米SiO2粉末分散于羟甲基纤维素水溶液中，得到纳米SiO2分散液；再滴加至AgNO3溶液中，调整溶液的pH值为7.5-8.5，反应1-2h后离心分离，然后用去离子水洗涤，干燥，即制得纳米银负载SiO2颗粒。
所述阻燃层5包括质量比为(2-3)：1的阻燃剂和添加剂，所述添加剂为阴离子渗透剂，所述阻燃剂为叶蜡石粉、铝酸钙、碳酸氢钠、黄锑石粉、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝中的任意一种或多种。
本发明中，通过无纺布基层1、加强层2、PE薄膜层3、抗菌层4、阻燃层5的五层结构设计，利用无纺布基层1和PE薄膜层3中间，添加合理配比碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料等制成的加强层2，其具有优异的透气性、阻燃效果和防水性能，且制得的无纺布结构稳定，断裂强度大，不易扯断，另外利用抗菌层4的纳米银负载SiO2颗粒以及阻燃层5的阻燃剂和阴离子渗透剂，能够有效除去无纺布中的杂质，提高阻燃剂的表面活性，进一步提高阻燃效果，也能够防止淋膜用无纺布产生霉菌，抗菌效果显著，提高无纺布的使用质量，且制作过程简单易操作，对环境友好。
实施例一
淋膜用无纺布的制备方法具体为：所述加强层2包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯40份、聚磷酸铵42份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料30份、碳纤维20份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛13份、甲基环己二胺13份、抗氧化剂9份；
将所述的碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料依次加入到粉碎机中，在1000r/min速度下粉碎40min，再转移至混炼机中，加入膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛、甲基环己二胺，在30℃条件下密炼20min，升温至60℃，加入抗氧化剂，在0.05MPa真空条件下进行脱水，保持1h后，脱水完成后加入注塑机内加热塑化，挤出后一边进行加温压实处理一边均匀拉伸至无纺布基层1的表层，最后压合PE薄膜层3制得淋膜用无纺布。
实施例二
淋膜用无纺布的制备方法具体为：所述加强层2包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯45份、聚磷酸铵44份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料35份、碳纤维21份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛13.5份、甲基环己二胺13.5份、抗氧化剂10份；
将所述的碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料依次加入到粉碎机中，在1050r/min速度下粉碎45min，再转移至混炼机中，加入膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛、甲基环己二胺，在32℃条件下密炼25min，升温至65℃，加入抗氧化剂，在0.07MPa真空条件下进行脱水，保持1.5h后，脱水完成后加入注塑机内加热塑化，挤出后一边进行加温压实处理一边均匀拉伸至无纺布基层1的表层，最后压合PE薄膜层3制得淋膜用无纺布。
实施例三
淋膜用无纺布的制备方法具体为：所述加强层2包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯50份、聚磷酸铵46份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料40份、碳纤维22份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛14份、甲基环己二胺14份、抗氧化剂12份；
将所述的碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料依次加入到粉碎机中，在1100r/min速度下粉碎50min，再转移至混炼机中，加入膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛、甲基环己二胺，在34℃条件下密炼30min，升温至70℃，加入抗氧化剂，在0.08MPa真空条件下进行脱水，保持2h后，脱水完成后加入注塑机内加热塑化，挤出后一边进行加温压实处理一边均匀拉伸至无纺布基层1的表层，最后压合PE薄膜层3制得淋膜用无纺布。
实施例四
淋膜用无纺布的制备方法具体为：所述加强层2包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯55份、聚磷酸铵48份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料45份、碳纤维23份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛14.5份、甲基环己二胺14.5份、抗氧化剂13份；
将所述的碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料依次加入到粉碎机中，在1150r/min速度下粉碎55min，再转移至混炼机中，加入膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛、甲基环己二胺，在36℃条件下密炼35min，升温至75℃，加入抗氧化剂，在0.09MPa真空条件下进行脱水，保持2.5h后，脱水完成后加入注塑机内加热塑化，挤出后一边进行加温压实处理一边均匀拉伸至无纺布基层1的表层，最后压合PE薄膜层3制得淋膜用无纺布。
实施例五
淋膜用无纺布的制备方法具体为：所述加强层2包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯60份、聚磷酸铵50份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料50份、碳纤维24份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛15份、甲基环己二胺15份、抗氧化剂14份；
将所述的碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料依次加入到粉碎机中，在1200r/min速度下粉碎60min，再转移至混炼机中，加入膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛、甲基环己二胺，在38℃条件下密炼40min，升温至80℃，加入抗氧化剂，在0.1MPa真空条件下进行脱水，保持3h后，脱水完成后加入注塑机内加热塑化，挤出后一边进行加温压实处理一边均匀拉伸至无纺布基层1的表层，最后压合PE薄膜层3制得淋膜用无纺布。
对比例
市售无纺布。
将上述实施例一至实施例五制备得到的无纺布与对比例的市售无纺布分别进行透气性、抗菌、防水、热变形温度以及断裂强度性能检测，检测结果详见如下表1：
Figure BDA0003111537130000081
Figure BDA0003111537130000091
表1为本实施例一至实施例五与对比例的检测结果比照表
从表1中结果可知，本发明实施例一至实施例五的制得的淋膜用无纺布具有优异的透气性、阻燃效果和防水性能，且抗菌率较高，利用抗菌层4的纳米银负载SiO2颗粒以及阻燃层5的阻燃剂和阴离子渗透剂，能够有效除去无纺布中的杂质，提高阻燃剂的表面活性，进一步提高阻燃效果，也能够防止淋膜用无纺布产生霉菌，抗菌效果显著。另外本发明的淋膜无纺布拉伸强度高，结构稳定，不易扯断，明显优于市售的无纺布材料，有利于拓宽其使用领域范围。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，包括无纺布基层(1)、加强层(2)、PE薄膜层(3)、抗菌层(4)、阻燃层(5)，其特征在于：
所述无纺布基层(1)、加强层(2)、PE薄膜层(3)依次由下到上粘接，所述抗菌层(4)位于所述加强层(2)的两侧且与加强层(2)一体成型，所述阻燃层(5)与无纺布基层(1)位于同一层且交错设置；
所述加强层(2)包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯40-60份、聚磷酸铵42-50份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料30-50份、碳纤维20-24份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛13-15份、甲基环己二胺13-15份、抗氧化剂9-14份；
将所述的碳纤维、聚丙烯、聚磷酸铵、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料依次加入到粉碎机中，在1000-1200r/min速度下粉碎40-60min，再转移至混炼机中，加入膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛、甲基环己二胺，在30-38℃条件下密炼20-40min，升温至60-80℃，加入抗氧化剂，在0.05-0.1MPa真空条件下进行脱水，保持1-3h后，脱水完成后加入注塑机内加热塑化，挤出后均匀拉伸至无纺布基层(1)的表层，最后压合PE薄膜层(3)制得淋膜用无纺布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述加强层(2)包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯45-55份、聚磷酸铵44-48份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料35-45份、碳纤维21-23份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛13.5-14.5份、甲基环己二胺13.5-14.5份、抗氧化剂10-13份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述加强层(2)包括以下重量份的原料：聚丙烯50份、聚磷酸铵46份、琥珀酰化壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯复合材料40份、碳纤维22份、膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛14份、甲基环己二胺14份、抗氧化剂12份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述膦酸修饰纳米二氧化钛和甲基环己二胺的质量比为1：1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述无纺布基层(1)由PET无纺布层和双层聚酰胺纤维组成，所述双层聚酰胺纤维由200D空变丝和300D空变丝相互缠绕而成，通过熔喷法平铺于无纺布基层(1)的上下两面。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述抗菌层(4)为纳米银负载SiO2颗粒，其制备方法如下：将纳米SiO2粉末分散于羟甲基纤维素水溶液中，得到纳米SiO2分散液；再滴加至AgNO3溶液中，调整溶液的pH值为7.5-8.5，反应1-2h后离心分离，然后用去离子水洗涤，干燥，即制得纳米银负载SiO2颗粒。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述加强层(2)的原料从注塑机挤出后，一边拉伸一边进行加温压实处理，使加强层(2)和无纺布基层(1)完全压合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述PE薄膜层(3)的厚度为0.03-0.05mm，所述PE薄膜层(3)由低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯组成，其中低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯的重量比为(70-80)：(20-30)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述阻燃层(5)包括质量比为(2-3)：1的阻燃剂和添加剂，所述添加剂为阴离子渗透剂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种淋膜用无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂为叶蜡石粉、铝酸钙、碳酸氢钠、黄锑石粉、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝中的任意一种或多种。
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