CN113260817B

CN113260817B - Garbage supply speed estimating device and garbage supply speed estimating method

Info

Publication number: CN113260817B
Application number: CN201980086369.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 岩崎阳介; 南亮辅; 秋山隼太; 桥本大; 浅井信宏; 桥本康平
Original assignee: Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
Current assignee: Kawasaki Motors Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-28
Filing date: 2019-12-13
Publication date: 2023-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-13
Also published as: KR102539909B1; CN113260817A; WO2020137598A1; JP7150596B2; PH12021551179A1; JP2020106243A; KR20210103522A

Abstract

A refuse supply speed estimating apparatus that estimates, in an incinerator facility in which refuse charged into a hopper is sequentially supplied into the incinerator by a refuse supply device, a transition of a refuse supply speed, which is a weight per unit time of refuse supplied into the incinerator by the refuse supply device, wherein the refuse supply speed estimating apparatus includes: a basic component deriving unit that derives a change in the input weight of the garbage input into the hopper as a basic component of the garbage supply speed; a fluctuation component deriving unit for estimating a change in the supply weight of the refuse supplied from the refuse supply device to the incinerator from a change in the surface height of the refuse in the hopper, and deriving the estimated change in the supply weight as a fluctuation component of the refuse supply speed based on the basic component; and a supply speed estimating unit that estimates the transition of the garbage supply speed by superimposing the variable component on the basic component.

Description

Garbage supply speed estimating device and garbage supply speed estimating method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a refuse supply speed estimating device and a refuse supply speed estimating method for estimating the weight of refuse (hereinafter referred to as "refuse supply speed") supplied into an incinerator per unit time in an incinerator for incinerating refuse such as industrial waste.

Background

Conventionally, the following incineration facilities are known: the refuse is temporarily stored in a hopper, and the refuse that has reached the bottom of the hopper is sequentially supplied into the incinerator by a refuse supply device. In such an incinerator, waste heat generated in the incinerator is recovered by a boiler. In order to efficiently perform heat recovery in a boiler, it is important to stabilize the combustion state of garbage in an incinerator. Conventionally, there has been proposed a technique of controlling a refuse supply device to improve the stability of the combustion state of refuse in an incinerator.

For example, patent document 1 discloses an incinerator provided with a measuring device capable of measuring the amount of heat supplied from a garbage supply device to garbage supplied into the incinerator. In this incinerator, the height position of the surface of the waste in the hopper is measured by a scanning laser level meter provided above the hopper, and the volume of the waste charged into the hopper (charged waste volume) and the volume of the waste supplied to the incinerator per unit time (waste moving volume) are calculated from the measured change in the height position of the surface of the waste. The weight of the garbage charged into the hopper is detected by a weight attached to a crane that charges the garbage into the hopper. The specific gravity of the garbage charged into the hopper is calculated from the detected garbage weight and the calculated charged garbage volume. Further, the heat of supply of the garbage supplied into the incinerator per unit time is calculated based on the calculated garbage specific gravity and the garbage moving volume supplied into the incinerator per unit time. The calculated heat of supply of the waste is sent to a control device which controls the waste feeding device. The control device controls the garbage feeding device by using the received garbage feeding heat as a control index so that the garbage feeding heat per unit time is constant.

Prior art literature

Patent literature

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2003-254526

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

In addition, in the incineration facility, the daily garbage incineration weight is planned in advance. Therefore, the refuse supply device needs to control the total refuse weight supplied into the furnace so as to achieve the planned incineration weight while monitoring the total refuse weight. In the incineration facility of patent document 1, the refuse supply device is controlled to stabilize the combustion state in the incinerator, but there is no consideration in adhering to a predetermined daily refuse incineration weight schedule.

However, in the incineration apparatus of patent document 1, as described above, the volume and specific gravity of the refuse supplied into the incinerator are calculated. By integrating the product of these values, i.e., the garbage weight, the total garbage weight supplied into the incinerator can be monitored. However, since the volume of the refuse and the specific gravity of the refuse are calculated from the change in the level of the refuse in the hopper, the following problems are present: the quantitative accuracy is poor, and the accumulated value obtained from these values over a long period of time (for example, 24 hours) lacks accuracy. Therefore, it is desired to satisfy both of the predetermined daily refuse incineration weight schedule and the control index for stabilizing the incineration state in the incinerator.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a refuse supply speed estimating apparatus and a refuse supply speed estimating method capable of estimating a refuse supply speed that is a control index for satisfying both of a predetermined daily refuse incineration weight plan and stabilizing an incineration state in an incinerator.

Means for solving the problems

In order to solve the above-described problems, a refuse supply speed estimating apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention estimates a transition of a refuse supply speed, which is a weight per unit time of refuse supplied into an incinerator by a refuse supply device, in an incinerator including: the incinerator is used for incinerating garbage; a hopper for storing garbage thrown from above; a crane having a bucket for gripping garbage and a weight for measuring the weight of the garbage gripped by the bucket, the crane throwing the garbage in the pit into the bucket; a height measuring device for measuring the surface height of the garbage in the hopper; and a refuse supply device that supplies refuse into the incinerator at a lower portion of the hopper, wherein the refuse supply speed estimating device includes: a basic component deriving unit that derives, as a basic component of the garbage supply speed, a change in the input weight of garbage input into the hopper, the change being obtained from the measurement value of the weight; a fluctuation component deriving unit configured to estimate a change in the supply weight of the refuse supplied from the refuse supply device to the incinerator based on the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device, and to derive the estimated change in the supply weight as a fluctuation component of the refuse supply speed based on the basic component; and a supply speed estimating unit that estimates a transition of the garbage supply speed by superimposing the variable component on the basic component.

In the above configuration, the transition of the supply speed of the garbage is divided into a basic component and a variable component based on the basic component, and the basic component and the variable component are derived and combined to estimate the transition.

The basic components are derived from the passage of the weight of the refuse measured by weight. The refuse charged into the hopper by the crane is temporarily stored in the hopper and then supplied into the incinerator by the refuse supply means. Therefore, in the long term, the weight of the garbage charged into the hopper by the crane can be regarded as the weight of the garbage supplied into the incinerator by the garbage feeder. Further, since the measurement value of the weight is more accurate than the garbage volume obtained from the measurement value of the height measuring device, the integrated value over a long period of time (for example, 24 hours) is also accurate. Therefore, the weight of the refuse measured by the weight is preferably used as a control index for adhering to a predetermined daily refuse incineration weight schedule.

The fluctuation component is a fluctuation of the supply weight of the refuse supplied into the furnace, which is obtained from a change in the surface height of the refuse in the hopper measured by the height measuring device. As described above, the quantitative accuracy of the volume of the refuse, which is obtained from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device, is poor. However, the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device can capture a short-term variation in the supply weight of the refuse supplied into the incinerator, and the refuse supply device is controlled based on the short-term variation, whereby the incineration state in the incinerator can be stabilized.

Therefore, by superimposing the variable component on the basic component, it is possible to estimate the weight of the refuse supplied into the incinerator per unit time, which is a control index for satisfying both the predetermined daily refuse incineration weight schedule and stabilizing the incineration state in the incinerator.

In the above configuration, the fluctuation component deriving unit may estimate, as the supply weight, a value obtained by multiplying a supply volume of the refuse supplied into the incinerator by a specific gravity of the refuse, the supply volume of the refuse being calculated from a change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device before and after the refuse is supplied into the incinerator by the refuse supplying device, the specific gravity of the refuse being estimated or set in advance from a change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device.

In the above configuration, the fluctuation component deriving unit may extract fluctuation corresponding to the garbage supply operation of the garbage supply device from the estimated transition of the supply weight, and derive the extracted fluctuation as a fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed based on the basic component. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce variations other than those corresponding to the operation of the garbage feeder from the transition of the garbage supply speed estimated from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device.

In the above configuration, the fluctuation component derivation unit may execute a filtering process by a high-pass filter or a band-pass filter based on a frequency characteristic corresponding to a garbage supply operation of the garbage supply device with respect to the shift of the supply weight, and may use a result of the filtering process as the fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed. According to this configuration, it is possible to easily extract a change in the operation of the garbage feeder from a change in the garbage supply speed estimated from a change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device.

In the above configuration, the supply speed estimating unit may adjust the time axis of the basic component and the time axis of the variable component based on a residence time of the garbage in the hopper from when the garbage is thrown into the hopper by the crane until the garbage reaches a lower portion of the hopper. With this configuration, the transition of the garbage supply speed can be estimated with high accuracy.

In the above configuration, the supply speed estimating unit may perform a moving average process for the transition of the input weight in a time range corresponding to the retention time, so that the time axis of the basic component matches the time axis of the variable component. According to this configuration, by performing the moving average processing, the time change of the basic component of the garbage supply speed can be made gentle, and the transition of the garbage supply speed finally obtained by the supply speed estimating unit can be easily used for control.

Further, a method of estimating a refuse supply speed according to an aspect of the present invention is a method of estimating a refuse supply speed, which is a weight per unit time of refuse supplied into an incinerator by a refuse supply device, in an incinerator provided with refuse supplied into the incinerator by the refuse supply device in sequence, wherein the method includes: a basic component deriving step of deriving a change in the input weight of the garbage input into the hopper as a basic component of the garbage supply speed; a fluctuation component deriving step of estimating a change in the supply weight of the refuse supplied from the refuse supply device into the incinerator from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device, and deriving the estimated change in the supply weight as a fluctuation component of the refuse supply speed based on the basic component; and a supply speed estimating step of estimating a transition of the garbage supply speed by superimposing the variable component on the basic component.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, there can be provided a garbage supply speed estimating device and a garbage supply speed estimating method as follows: it is possible to estimate the refuse supply rate as a control index for stabilizing the incineration state in the incinerator while keeping compliance with the predetermined daily refuse incineration weight schedule.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an incineration facility according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the incineration apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing an example of the weight of garbage thrown into a hopper per unit time with the passage of time.

Fig. 4A is a graph showing an example of the weight of the refuse (refuse supply speed) supplied into the furnace per unit time estimated from the change in the level of the refuse in the hopper, with the passage of time.

Fig. 4B is a graph showing an example of the result of the filtering process performed with time shown in fig. 4A.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing an example of the refuse supply speed over time inferred from the lapse of time shown in fig. 3 and the lapse of time shown in fig. 4B.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing a flow of the garbage supply speed estimation process.

Detailed Description

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an overall configuration of the incineration apparatus 100. As shown in fig. 1, the incineration apparatus 100 has a pit 10, a hopper 20, a refuse feeding device 30, an incinerator 40, a boiler 50, and a control device 60.

The refuse conveyed to the incineration apparatus 100 is put into the pit 10 and stored. The pit 10 has: a storage space 11 for storing garbage; and a conveying space 12 continuous with the storage space 11 at an upper side of the storage space 11, the conveying space 12 supplying the garbage stored in the storage space 11 to the hopper 20. A crane 13 for feeding garbage in the pit 10 into the hopper 20 at predetermined feeding intervals is provided in the conveying space 12 of the pit 10. The crane 13 has a bucket 14 for gripping the garbage in the pit 10, and conveys the garbage gripped by the bucket 14 to above the hopper 20 and drops the garbage into the hopper 20. In addition, the crane 13 has a weight 15 that measures the weight of the refuse gripped and conveyed by the bucket 14.

In addition, in the conveying space 12 of the pit 10, a height measuring device 16 that measures the height of the surface of the refuse stored in the hopper 20 (hereinafter, also referred to as "refuse height") is provided. The height measuring device 16 is disposed in the conveying space 12 of the pit 10. The height measuring device 16 is, for example, an ultrasonic level gauge.

The hopper 20 temporarily stores refuse charged from above by the crane 13 and sequentially supplies the refuse to the lower side. Each time the crane 13 is thrown from above, the refuse is stacked in the hopper 20. The height of the garbage immediately after the garbage is charged into the hopper 20 is increased as compared with the height of the garbage immediately before the garbage is charged into the hopper 20. On the other hand, refuse at the bottom of the hopper 20 is supplied into the incinerator 40 at any time by the refuse supply means 30 provided at the bottom of the hopper 20. Thus, the height of the waste immediately after the waste is supplied by the waste supply device 30 is reduced compared to the height of the waste immediately before the waste is supplied by the waste supply device 30.

The garbage feeder 30 is provided below the hopper 20, and supplies garbage fed into the hopper 20 into the incinerator 40 at a time interval (feeding interval) shorter than the feeding interval of garbage into the hopper 20. The trash feeding device 30 has a pusher 31 that reciprocates in the horizontal direction and a driving device 32 that reciprocally drives the pusher 31. The driving device 32 is, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and is disposed on the side opposite to the incinerator 40 with respect to the hopper 20. However, the driving device 32 may not be disposed on the side opposite to the incinerator 40 with respect to the hopper 20. For example, the driving device 32 may be arranged in parallel with the pusher 31 when viewed from the incinerator 40 side. The pusher 31 is substantially rectangular parallelepiped and reciprocally drives the bottom portion of the hopper 20. The pusher 31 sequentially pushes the garbage in the hopper 20 toward the inlet 40a of the incinerator 40, thereby supplying the garbage into the incinerator 40. The garbage feeder 30 is controlled by a control device 60 described later.

In the incinerator 40, refuse is incinerated while being conveyed. The incinerator 40 has a main combustion chamber 41 and a reburning chamber 42 continuous with the main combustion chamber 41 in this order from the upstream side. The incinerator 40 is a grate type incinerator, and a drying grate 43, a combustion grate 44, and a rear combustion grate 45, which are garbage transfer means, are provided in this order from the upstream side below the main combustion chamber 41 and the reburning chamber 42 of the incinerator 40. Primary air is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41 through the grates 43 to 45, and secondary air is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41 above the grates 43 to 45. Further, the main combustion chamber 41 is supplied with exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 40. The exhaust gas is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41 to suppress a local excessive rise in combustion temperature because the oxygen concentration is lower than that of air. In the present embodiment, a part of the exhaust gas having passed through the boiler 50 is returned to the main combustion chamber 41.

The garbage supplied from the garbage supply device 30 into the incinerator 40 is first sent to the drying grate 43, and dried by the primary air and the radiant heat of the main combustion chamber 41. The garbage dried in the drying furnace 43 is sent to the combustion grate 44 by the drying furnace 43 to be burned, and flame is generated. The refuse in the combustion grate 44 and the ash resulting from the combustion are sent by the combustion grate 44 to the rear combustion grate 45. In the rear combustion grate 45, the refuse in the unburned portion which is not burned out in the combustion grate 44 is burned, and ash after the combustion of the refuse is discharged from a chute 46 provided adjacent to the rear combustion grate 45.

In the main combustion chamber 41, combustion gas is generated by thermal decomposition and partial oxidation reaction of the garbage, and the combustion gas is burned together with the garbage. In the reburning chamber 42, the combustion gas flowing in from the main combustion chamber 41 is completely combusted. The incinerator 40 of the present embodiment is a parallel flow incinerator in which combustion gas and garbage flow in parallel. However, the incinerator 40 may be an incinerator in which the combustion gas and the garbage flow in different directions (for example, an intermediate flow incinerator). The incinerator 40 may not be of a grate type, and may be of a kiln type, for example.

The boiler 50 is a part that generates steam using heat generated by combustion of garbage. The boiler 50 generates steam (superheated steam) by heat exchange between a plurality of water pipes 51 and superheater pipes 52 provided in the flow path wall, and supplies the generated steam to a steam turbine generator (not shown) to generate electric power. Most of the exhaust gas having passed through the boiler 50 is discharged from a stack (not shown) to the atmosphere via an exhaust gas treatment device (not shown), and part of the exhaust gas having passed through the boiler 50 is returned to the main combustion chamber 41 as described above.

The control device 60 controls the refuse supply device 30 of the incineration apparatus 100. In the present embodiment, the control device 60 receives the measurement values from the weight 15 and the height measuring device 16, respectively, and estimates the garbage supply speed from the received measurement values. That is, the control device 60 also functions as the garbage supply speed estimating device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the incineration apparatus 100. The control device 60 receives measurement signals from the weight 15 and the height measuring device 16 and sends control signals to the waste feeding device 30. The control device 60 includes a data recording unit 61, a basic component deriving unit 62, a specific gravity estimating unit 63, a supply volume calculating unit 64, a fluctuation component deriving unit 65, a supply speed estimating unit 66, and a garbage supply control unit 67 as functional blocks. The control device 60 is, for example, a computer, and includes a storage unit such as a ROM or a RAM, and an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU that executes a predetermined program stored in the storage unit, and the storage unit and/or the arithmetic processing unit of the control device 60 constitute the above-described respective functional units. In addition, the control device 60 may execute each process by centralized control by a single computer, or may execute each process by decentralized control by cooperation of a plurality of computers.

The data recording unit 61 records the measured value obtained from the weight meter 15 in a storage unit of the control device 60 or in a storage device (not shown) provided outside the control device 60. The data recording unit 61 records the measured value obtained from the height measuring device 16 in a storage unit of the control device 60 or in a storage device (not shown) provided outside the control device 60.

The basic component deriving unit 62 derives the transition of the weight (hereinafter, also referred to as "input weight") W1 of the garbage input into the hopper 20 as a basic component of the garbage supply speed. The method of deriving the basic components by the basic component deriving unit 62 will be described below with reference to fig. 3.

First, the basic component deriving unit 62 accumulates the input weight W1 of the garbage to be input into the hopper 20 from the start time of garbage input to the current time. In other words, the basic component deriving unit 62 integrates the measured values of the weight 15 recorded in the data recording unit 61 from the time of the start of garbage throw-in to the current time of the day.

The basic component deriving unit 62 derives the time change of the calculated integrated value, that is, the input weight of the garbage (hereinafter, also referred to as "garbage input speed") to be input into the hopper 20 per unit time. Fig. 3 shows an example of the transition of the input weight (garbage input speed) thus obtained. As shown in fig. 3, the volume of the garbage gripped by the bucket 14, the garbage mass, and the like are different for each throw-in, and therefore the throw-in speed varies with time. The area between the horizontal axis and the curve corresponds to the total input weight to the hopper 20 from the start time of garbage input to the current time of day. The basic component of the garbage supply speed derived by the basic component deriving unit 62 is used in a supply speed estimating unit 66 described later.

The specific gravity estimating unit 63 estimates the specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage immediately before being supplied into the incinerator 40, from the input weight W1 and the volume of the garbage (hereinafter referred to as "input volume") V1 of the hopper 20.

The method of estimating the specific gravity of garbage in the weight estimating unit 63 will be described in detail. First, the specific gravity estimating unit 63 calculates the input volume V1 from the measured values of the height measuring device 16 before and after inputting the garbage into the hopper 20. In the present embodiment, the relationship between the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16 and the total volume of the garbage stored in the hopper 20 is stored in advance in the storage unit of the control device 60 or in a storage device (not shown) provided outside the control device 60. The specific gravity estimating unit 63 derives the input volume V1 from the difference between the total volume corresponding to the measurement value of the height measuring device 16 immediately after the garbage is input into the hopper 20 and the total volume corresponding to the measurement value of the height measuring device 16 immediately before the garbage is input into the hopper 20.

The calculation of the input volume V1 by the specific gravity estimating unit 63 is not limited to this. For example, the specific gravity estimating unit 63 may calculate the input volume V1 from a product of a surface height change amount of the garbage in the hopper 20 before and after inputting the garbage into the hopper 20 and a cross-sectional area of the hopper 20.

Next, the specific gravity estimating unit 63 calculates the specific gravity ρ1 of the garbage charged into the hopper 20 from the calculated charging volume V1 and the charging weight W1 of the garbage. The calculated specific gravity ρ1 of the garbage is stored in a storage unit of the control device 60 or in a storage device (not shown) provided outside the control device 60. In order to be able to identify when the specific gravity of the garbage is charged into the hopper 20, the specific gravity ρ1 of the garbage is stored in association with, for example, the time of charging into the hopper 20 or the order of charging. In this way, the specific gravity estimating unit 63 calculates and stores the specific gravity ρ1 of the garbage charged into the hopper 20 for each garbage charge of the crane 13. However, instead of the specific gravity ρ1 of the garbage calculated from the input weight W1 and the input volume V1, data for deriving the specific gravity ρ1 of the garbage, such as the input weight W1 and the input volume V1, may be stored.

In the present embodiment, the specific gravity estimating unit 63 calculates the specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage immediately before being supplied into the incinerator 40, based on the input weight W1 and the input volume V1 of the garbage (including the garbage specific gravity ρ1 calculated based on the input weight W1 and the input volume V1 detected during the predetermined time period) which have been input into the hopper 20 during the predetermined time period. For example, it may be that specific gravityThe estimating unit 63 calculates an average value ρ of the specific gravity ρ1 of the garbage charged into the hopper 20 within a predetermined time period in the past _AVE The specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage immediately before being supplied into the incinerator 40.

More specifically, in the present embodiment, in the calculation of the specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage immediately before being supplied into the incinerator 40, the residence time of the garbage in the hopper 20, that is, the time difference from when the garbage is put into the hopper 20 to when it is supplied into the incinerator 40 is considered. The residence time of the refuse in the hopper 20 varies depending on the surface shape of the refuse stored in the hopper 20, the property of the refuse in the hopper 20, and the like, and in the present embodiment, the variation is also taken into consideration in calculating the specific gravity ρ2 of the refuse. That is, the specific gravity estimating unit 63 sets a time range (for example, 40 minutes) as a residence time of the garbage in the hopper 20 in advance, and the specific gravity estimating unit 63 extracts the garbage specific gravity in the set time range from among the stored garbage specific gravities ρ1, and calculates a value (for example, an average value ρ of the values) based on the extracted specific gravities _AVE ) The specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage immediately before being supplied into the incinerator 40 is set.

The method of estimating the specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage by the specific gravity estimating unit 63 is not limited thereto. For example, instead of using a predetermined retention time, it is also possible to calculate whether or not the garbage immediately before being supplied into the furnace by the garbage supply device 30 corresponds to the garbage i times before being put into the hopper 20, and to derive the specific gravity of the garbage i times before as the specific gravity of the garbage immediately before being supplied into the furnace. In addition, when the specific gravity of the garbage charged into the hopper 20 can be generally grasped from the mass of the garbage stored in the pit 10 or the like, the specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage immediately before being supplied into the incinerator 40 may be a predetermined design specific gravity. In this case, the control device 60 does not need to include the specific gravity estimating unit 63.

The supply volume calculating section 64 calculates the supply volume V2 of the refuse supplied into the incinerator 40 from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16 before and after the refuse supply device 30 supplies the refuse into the incinerator 40.

Specifically, the supply volume calculation unit 64 calculates the supply volume V2 of the garbage in the same manner as the specific gravity estimation unit 63 calculates the throw-in volume V1. That is, the relationship between the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16 and the total volume of the garbage stored in the hopper 20 is stored in the storage unit of the control device 60 in advance or in a storage device (not shown) provided outside the control device 60. The supply volume calculation unit 64 calculates the supply volume V2 from the difference between the total volumes corresponding to the measured values of the height measurement device 16 before and after one reciprocation of the pusher 31. In other words, the supply volume calculating unit 64 derives the supply volume V2 from the difference between the total volume corresponding to the measured value of the height measuring device 16 immediately after the refuse is supplied into the incinerator 40 and the total volume corresponding to the measured value of the height measuring device 16 immediately before the refuse is supplied into the incinerator 40.

The method of calculating the supply volume V2 by the supply volume calculating unit 64 is not limited to this. For example, the supply volume calculating unit 64 may calculate the supply volume V2 from a product of a surface height change amount of the garbage in the hopper 20 before and after the garbage is supplied into the incinerator 40 and a cross-sectional area of the hopper 20.

The fluctuation component deriving unit 65 estimates the transition of the supply weight W2 of the refuse supplied from the refuse supply device 30 into the incinerator 40 from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16. The fluctuation component deriving unit 65 derives the estimated fluctuation of the change in the supply weight W2 as a fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed with respect to the basic component derived by the basic component deriving unit 62.

A method of deriving the fluctuation component by the fluctuation component deriving unit 65 will be described with reference to fig. 4A and 4B.

The fluctuation component deriving unit 65 estimates the value obtained by multiplying the garbage specific gravity ρ2 estimated by the specific gravity estimating unit 63 by the supply volume V2 calculated by the supply volume calculating unit 64 as the supply weight W2. Fig. 4A shows an example of the transition of the thus obtained supply weight W2. The area between the horizontal axis and the curve corresponds to the total weight supplied from the start time of garbage input to the current time of one day, but the accuracy of the quantification is poor.

Further, the fluctuation component derivation unit 65 extracts fluctuation according to the garbage supply operation of the garbage supply device 30 from the estimated transition of the supply weight W2. Specifically, the fluctuation component deriving unit 65 performs a filtering process by a high-pass filter or a band-pass filter based on frequency characteristics corresponding to the garbage supply operation of the garbage supply device 30 with respect to the transition of the supply weight W2 shown in fig. 4A. A high-pass filter or a band-pass filter having frequency characteristics corresponding to the operation of supplying the refuse to the refuse supply device 30, in other words, a filter that passes the fluctuation generated at every supply interval of the refuse supply device 30. Fig. 4B shows an example of the result of the filtering process thus obtained. By the filtering process by the high-pass filter or the band-pass filter, an increase or decrease in the surface height of the refuse in the hopper 20 (that is, an increase or decrease in the supply weight of the refuse supplied into the furnace) according to the operation of supplying the refuse to the refuse supply device 30 can be extracted. The fluctuation component deriving unit 65 uses the result obtained by the filtering process as a fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed. The area between the horizontal axis and the graph on the upper side of the horizontal axis is substantially the same as the area between the horizontal axis and the graph on the lower side of the horizontal axis.

The supply speed estimating unit 66 estimates the transition of the garbage supply speed by superimposing the fluctuation component derived by the fluctuation component deriving unit 65 on the basic component derived by the basic component deriving unit 62.

Specifically, the supply speed estimating unit 66 adjusts the time axis of the basic component and the time axis of the variable component based on the residence time of the refuse in the hopper 20 from the time when the refuse is thrown into the hopper 20 by the crane 13 until the refuse reaches the lower portion of the hopper 20.

In the present embodiment, the supply speed estimating unit 66 performs the moving average processing for the transition of the input weight W1 in a time range corresponding to the residence time of the refuse in the hopper 20, thereby matching the time axis of the basic component with the time axis of the variable component. Specifically, as for the transition of the input weight W1, the moving average process is performed with a time width of about 2 times the retention time (for example, 40 minutes), and a graph in which the retention time is delayed by about the amount of the retention time is obtained, and as a result, it is possible to match the time axis of the fluctuation component.

Fig. 5 is a graph obtained by superimposing the variable component shown in fig. 4B on the moving average result of the basic component shown in fig. 3. The supply speed estimating unit 66 estimates the result obtained in this way as the passage of the garbage supply speed over time.

The refuse supply control unit 67 controls the refuse supply device 30 so as to comply with a predetermined daily refuse incineration weight plan and to stabilize the combustion state of the refuse in the incinerator 40, using the refuse supply speed acquired by the supply speed estimating unit 66 as a control index. The trash feeding control unit 67 controls, for example, a part or all of the moving speed of the pusher 31 of the trash feeding device 30, the number of moving times per unit time, the stroke (moving amount), and the position of the stroke end.

Next, a flow of the garbage supply speed estimation process will be described with reference to fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing a flow of garbage supply speed estimation processing by the control device 60 according to the present embodiment.

In the garbage supply speed estimation process, the basic component deriving unit 62 derives a transition of the garbage weight charged into the hopper 20 as a basic component of the garbage supply speed (S1: basic component deriving step).

Next, the specific gravity estimating unit 63 calculates the input volume V1 of the garbage input into the hopper 20 from the change in the measured values of the height measuring device 16 before and after the garbage is input into the hopper 20 (S2: input volume calculating step).

Then, the specific gravity estimating unit 63 calculates the specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage immediately before being supplied into the incinerator 40, based on the input weight W1 and the input volume V1 of the garbage input into the hopper 20 (S3: specific gravity calculating step).

Next, the supply volume calculating section 64 calculates a supply volume V2 of the refuse supplied into the incinerator 40 from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16 (S4: supply volume calculating step).

Next, the fluctuation component deriving unit 65 estimates a value obtained by multiplying the specific gravity ρ2 of the garbage estimated by the specific gravity estimating unit 63 by the supply volume V2 calculated by the supply volume calculating unit 64 as the supply weight W2. Further, the fluctuation component deriving unit 65 derives the estimated fluctuation of the change in the supply weight W2 as a fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed based on the basic component by the filtering process (S5: a fluctuation component deriving step).

The supply speed estimating unit 66 estimates the transition of the garbage supply speed by combining the variable component with the basic component (S6: supply speed estimating step).

The above-described basic component deriving step S1 may be executed at any time as long as it is executed immediately before the supply speed estimating step S6, and may be executed immediately before the supply speed estimating step S6, for example.

As described above, according to the control device 60 of the present embodiment, the transition of the supply speed of the garbage is divided into the basic component and the variable component based on the basic component, and the basic component and the variable component are derived, and the basic component and the variable component are combined to estimate the transition.

The basic components are derived from the passage of the weight of the refuse measured by the weight 15. The refuse charged into the hopper 20 by the crane 13 is temporarily stored in the hopper 20 and then supplied into the incinerator 40 by the refuse supply means 30. Therefore, in the long term, the weight of the garbage charged into the hopper 20 by the crane 13 can be regarded as the weight of the garbage supplied into the incinerator 40 by the garbage feeder 30. Further, the measurement value of the weight 15 is more accurate than the garbage volume obtained from the measurement value of the height measuring device 16, and thus the cumulative value over a long period of time (for example, 24 hours) is also accurate. Therefore, the refuse weight measured by the weight 15 is preferably used as a control index for adhering to a predetermined daily refuse incineration weight schedule.

The fluctuation component is a fluctuation of the supply weight of the refuse supplied into the incinerator 40, which is obtained from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16. As described above, the quantitative accuracy of the volume of garbage obtained from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16 is poor. However, the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16 can capture a short-term change in the supply weight of the refuse supplied into the incinerator 40, and the control of the refuse supply device 30 based on the short-term change can improve the stability of the incineration state in the incinerator 40.

Therefore, by combining the basic components and the variable components, the control device 60 according to the present embodiment can estimate the weight of the refuse supplied to the incinerator 40 per unit time, which is a control index for satisfying both the predetermined daily refuse incineration weight schedule and stabilizing the incineration state in the incinerator 40.

The fluctuation component deriving unit 65 extracts fluctuation corresponding to the garbage supply operation of the garbage supply device 30 from the estimated transition of the supply weight, and derives the extracted fluctuation as a fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed based on the basic component. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce variations other than those corresponding to the operation of the refuse feeder 30 from the transition of the refuse supply speed estimated from the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16.

Further, since the fluctuation component deriving unit 65 performs the filtering process by the high-pass filter or the band-pass filter based on the frequency characteristic corresponding to the garbage supply operation of the garbage supply device 30 with respect to the transition of the supply weight, and takes the result of the filtering process as the fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed, it is possible to easily extract the fluctuation corresponding to the operation of the garbage supply device 30 from the transition of the garbage supply speed estimated from the change of the surface height measured by the height measuring device 16.

The supply speed estimating unit 66 may adjust the time axis of the basic component and the time axis of the variable component based on the residence time of the refuse in the hopper 20 from the time when the refuse is thrown into the hopper 20 by the crane 13 until the refuse reaches the lower portion of the hopper 20. With this configuration, the transition of the garbage supply speed can be estimated with high accuracy.

Further, since the supply speed estimating unit 66 performs the moving average process for the transition of the input weight W1 in a time range corresponding to the retention time, and thereby matches the time axis of the basic component with the time axis of the variable component, the time change of the basic component of the garbage supply speed can be made gentle, and the transition of the garbage supply speed finally obtained by the supply speed estimating unit 66 can be easily used for control.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the height measuring device 16 is an ultrasonic-type level meter, but the height measuring device of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the height measuring device of the present invention may be a scanning laser level meter.

In the above embodiment, the supply speed estimating unit 66 performs the moving average processing for the transition of the input weight W1 in a time range corresponding to the residence time of the garbage in the hopper 20, thereby matching the time axis of the basic component with the time axis of the variable component, but the method of matching the time is not limited thereto. For example, the time axis of the basic component may be matched with the time axis of the variable component by shifting the graph of the basic component by the amount of the retention time.

Description of the reference numerals

100: an incineration device; 10: pit; 13: a crane; 14: a bucket; 15: weight (weight); 16: a height measuring device; 20: a hopper; 30: garbage feeding device; 40: an incinerator; 60: a control device (garbage supply speed estimating device); 62: a basic component deriving unit; 65: a variable component deriving unit; 66: a supply speed estimating unit.

Claims

1. A refuse supply speed estimating apparatus that estimates a change in a refuse supply speed, which is a weight per unit time of refuse supplied into an incinerator by a refuse supply device, in an incinerator provided with: the incinerator is used for incinerating garbage; a hopper for storing garbage thrown from above; a crane having a bucket for gripping garbage and a weight for measuring the weight of the garbage gripped by the bucket, the crane throwing the garbage in the pit into the bucket; a height measuring device for measuring the surface height of the garbage in the hopper; and the garbage feeding device for feeding garbage into the incinerator at the lower part of the hopper, wherein,

the garbage supply speed estimating device includes:

a basic component deriving unit that derives, as a basic component of the garbage supply speed, a change in the input weight of garbage input into the hopper, the change being obtained from the measurement value of the weight;

a fluctuation component deriving unit configured to estimate a change in the supply weight of the refuse supplied from the refuse supply device to the incinerator based on the change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device, and to derive the estimated change in the supply weight as a fluctuation component of the refuse supply speed based on the basic component; and

and a supply speed estimating unit that estimates a transition of the garbage supply speed by superimposing the variable component on the basic component.

2. The refuse supply speed estimation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,

the fluctuation component deriving unit estimates, as the supply weight, a value obtained by multiplying a supply volume of the refuse supplied into the incinerator by a specific gravity of the refuse, the supply volume of the refuse being calculated from a change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device before and after the refuse is supplied into the incinerator by the refuse supplying device, the specific gravity of the refuse being estimated or set in advance from a change in the surface height measured by the height measuring device.

3. The refuse supply speed estimation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,

the fluctuation component deriving unit extracts fluctuation corresponding to the garbage supply operation of the garbage supply device from the estimated transition of the supply weight, and derives the extracted fluctuation as a fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed based on the basic component.

4. The refuse supply speed estimation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein,

the fluctuation component deriving unit performs a filtering process of a high-pass filter or a band-pass filter based on frequency characteristics corresponding to a garbage supply operation of the garbage supply device with respect to the transition of the supply weight, and uses a result of the filtering process as the fluctuation component of the garbage supply speed.

5. The refuse supply speed estimation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,

the supply speed estimating unit adjusts the time axis of the basic component and the time axis of the variable component based on a residence time of the garbage in the hopper from when the garbage is thrown into the hopper by the crane until the garbage reaches a lower portion of the hopper.

6. The refuse supply speed estimation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein,

the supply speed estimating unit performs a moving average process on the transition of the input weight in a time range corresponding to the retention time, thereby matching the time axis of the basic component with the time axis of the variable component.

7. A method for estimating a refuse supply speed, which is a weight per unit time of refuse supplied into an incinerator by a refuse supply device, in a combustion apparatus in which refuse supplied into a hopper is sequentially supplied into the incinerator by the refuse supply device,

the garbage supply speed estimation method comprises the following steps:

a basic component deriving step of deriving a change in the input weight of the garbage input into the hopper as a basic component of the garbage supply speed;

a fluctuation component deriving step of estimating a change in the supply weight of the refuse supplied from the refuse supply device to the incinerator from a change in the surface height of the refuse in the hopper measured by a height measuring device, and deriving the estimated change in the supply weight as a fluctuation component of the refuse supply speed based on the basic component; and

a supply speed estimating step of estimating a transition of the garbage supply speed by superimposing the variable component on the basic component.