CN113243528B - 高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物及其制备方法。本发明取吐丝期和水泡期的玉米须进行粉碎,加入无水乙醇,匀浆1‑5min,浸泡后离心取沉淀;向沉淀中,加入碱性溶液,匀浆1‑5min,静置后离心取上清液;将上清液透析后浓缩,加入无水乙醇,静置后离心取沉淀,得到第一提取物;取乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须进行粉碎,加入浓度为50‑70%的乙醇混匀,在50‑70℃下微波提取15‑30min,静置后离心取上清液,浓缩至1/8‑1/5得到第二提取物;将第一提取物与第二提取物混合,得到所述的玉米须提取物。本发明通过对不同成长时期的玉米须分别进行提取,复配制备得到一种高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物及其制备方法,属于功能食品技术领域。
背景技术
玉米须为玉米的花柱和柱头,中医认为玉米须具有广泛的预防和保健的作用,将玉米须放入沙锅内加水适量,煎煮1小时,取汁即为龙须茶,龙须茶对高血脂、高血压、高血糖的人群具有很好的保健作用,可以帮助降低血脂、血压、血糖。从20世纪20年代起,国内外学者便对玉米须的化学成分开始了研究,发现玉米须中含有多糖类、生物碱类、黄酮类、皂苷类、苦味糖苷、甾醇类、多聚戊糖、挥发性物质、氨基酸、矿物质元素等多种化学成分,具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、降血糖、血脂、利尿、降压、增强免疫等功效。
由于玉米须使用安全,临床使用广泛,推动了对玉米须有效成分提取和应用的研究。中国专利CN200410092087.6公开了一种治疗糖尿病的药物包括玉米须总黄酮或者玉米须总皂苷或者玉米须粗多糖。中国专利CN201410266447.3公开了一种利用纤维素酶、淀粉酶、果胶酶提取玉米须总皂苷的方法。中国专利CN201610354987.6公开了一种益生菌发酵玉米须的发酵组合物。但是现有的玉米须相关产品未对玉米须进行分类,一般采用成熟期的玉米须制备成相关产品,降血糖、降血脂效果有限。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物的制备方法,通过对不同成长时期的玉米须分别进行提取,复配制备得到一种高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、取吐丝期和水泡期的玉米须进行粉碎,加入无水乙醇,匀浆1-5min,浸泡后离心取沉淀;
S2、向S1步骤得到的沉淀中,加入碱性溶液,匀浆1-5min,静置后离心取上清液;
S3、将S2步骤的上清液透析后浓缩,加入无水乙醇,静置后离心取沉淀,得到第一提取物;
S4、取乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须进行粉碎,加入浓度为50-70%的乙醇混匀,在50-70℃下微波提取15-30min,静置后离心取上清液,浓缩至1/8-1/5得到第二提取物;
S5、将第一提取物与第二提取物混合,得到所述的玉米须提取物。
进一步地,在S1步骤中,按照料液比1:2-5加入无水乙醇。
进一步地,在S2步骤中,按照料液比1:2-5加入碱性溶液。
进一步地,所述的碱性溶液为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾溶液。
进一步地,所述的碱性溶液的浓度为0.2-0.5M。
进一步地,在S3步骤中,按照体积比1:2-4加入无水乙醇。
进一步地,在S3步骤中,所述的浓缩液的体积为上清液体积的1/3-1/2。
进一步地,在S3步骤中,静置的时间为12-24小时。
进一步地,在S4步骤中,按照料液比1:2-5加入浓度为50-70%的乙醇。
本发明的第二个目的是提供所述的方法制备得到的玉米须提取物。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明通过对不同成长时期的玉米须分别进行提取,第一提取物中多糖、黄酮含量较高,第二提取物中多酚、皂苷、黄酮含量较高,将第一提取物与第二提取物复配制备得到一种高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施,但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1:
本发明的高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取吐丝期和水泡期的玉米须各50g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:3加入无水乙醇,匀浆3min,浸泡后离心取沉淀;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的沉淀中,按照料液比1:3加入0.3M氢氧化钠溶液,匀浆3min,静置后离心取上清液;
(3)将步骤(2)的上清液透析后浓缩至1/3体积,按照料液比1:3加入无水乙醇,静置后离心取沉淀,得到第一提取物;
(4)取乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须各50g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:3加入浓度为60%的乙醇混匀,在60℃下微波提取20min,静置12小时后离心取上清液,浓缩至1/8得到第二提取物;
(5)将第一提取物与第二提取物混合,得到所述的玉米须提取物。
实施例2:
本发明的高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取吐丝期和水泡期的玉米须各50g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:5加入无水乙醇,匀浆3min,浸泡后离心取沉淀;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的沉淀中,按照料液比1:2加入0.5M氢氧化钠溶液,匀浆3min,静置后离心取上清液;
(3)将步骤(2)的上清液透析后浓缩至1/3体积,按照料液比1:5加入无水乙醇,静置后离心取沉淀,得到第一提取物;
(4)取乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须各50g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:3加入浓度为60%的乙醇混匀,在60℃下微波提取20min,静置12小时后离心取上清液,浓缩至1/8得到第二提取物;
(5)将第一提取物与第二提取物混合,得到所述的玉米须提取物。
实施例3:
本发明的高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取吐丝期和水泡期的玉米须各50g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:2加入无水乙醇,匀浆3min,浸泡后离心取沉淀;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的沉淀中,按照料液比1:5加入0.2M氢氧化钠溶液,匀浆3min,静置后离心取上清液;
(3)将步骤(2)的上清液透析后浓缩至1/2体积,按照料液比1:2加入无水乙醇,静置后离心取沉淀,得到第一提取物;
(4)取乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须各50g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:3加入浓度为60%的乙醇混匀,在60℃下微波提取20min,静置12小时后离心取上清液,浓缩至1/8得到第二提取物;
(5)将第一提取物与第二提取物混合,得到所述的玉米须提取物。
对比例1:
按照如下步骤制备玉米须提取物:
(1)将吐丝期、水泡期、乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须各50g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:3加入无水乙醇,匀浆3min,浸泡后离心取沉淀;
(2)向步骤(1)得到的沉淀中,按照料液比1:3加入0.3M氢氧化钠溶液,匀浆3min,静置后离心取上清液;
(3)将步骤(2)的上清液透析后浓缩至1/3体积,按照料液比1:3加入无水乙醇,静置后离心取沉淀,为本对比例的玉米须提取物。
对比例2:
将吐丝期、水泡期、乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须各50g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:3加入浓度为60%的乙醇混匀,在60℃下微波提取20min,静置12小时后离心取上清液,浓缩至1/8得到本对比例的玉米须提取物。
对比例3:
取乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须各100g混合后进行粉碎,按照料液比1:3加入浓度为60%的乙醇混匀,在60℃下微波提取20min,静置12小时后离心取上清液,浓缩至1/8得到本对比例的玉米须提取物。
对实施例1~3以及对比例1~3的玉米须提取物进行总酚、黄酮、皂苷、多糖含量检测,并按照总玉米须200g的质量进行换算,结果如表1所示:
表1玉米须营养成分对照表
玉米须降血糖降血脂效果评价
取实施例1和对比例1~3的玉米须提取物,建立高糖动物模型,分成模型组和实验组,实验组包括四组,每组各10只小鼠,同时设正常的小鼠做正常组,模型组和正常组灌胃生理盐水,实验组分别灌胃实施例1和对比例1~3的玉米须提取物,连续灌胃给药4周,每周监测小鼠体重1次,每周取血测空腹血糖值以及第四周后测TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C值,抽血前小鼠禁食12h。结果如表2和表3所示:
表2玉米须提取物对糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖的影响
由表2数据可知,采用本发明对不同生长时期的玉米须分别进行提取后复配的得到的提取物,具有较好的降血糖作用。
表3玉米须提取物对糖尿病小鼠血清TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C的影响
TG(mmol/L) | TC(mmol/L) | LDL-C(mmol/L) | HDL-C(mmol/L) | |
正常组 | 0.85±0.18 | 0.98±0.21 | 0.35±0.25 | 1.58±0.17 |
模型组 | 1.45±0.27 | 1.65±0.20 | 0.79±0.23 | 0.81±0.14 |
实施例1 | 0.92±0.26 | 1.12±0.16 | 0.41±0.18 | 1.25±0.22 |
对比例1 | 1.32±0.21 | 1.49±0.25 | 0.62±0.19 | 0.96±0.27 |
对比例2 | 1.24±0.20 | 1.36±0.28 | 0.64±0.15 | 1.15±0.24 |
对比例3 | 1.38±0.16 | 1.57±0.18 | 0.65±0.21 | 1.05±0.23 |
由表3数据可知,采用本发明对不同生长时期的玉米须分别进行提取后复配的得到的提取物,具有较好的降血脂作用。
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例,本发明的保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或变换,均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。
Claims (2)
1.一种高效降血糖降血脂的玉米须提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、取吐丝期和水泡期的玉米须进行粉碎,加入无水乙醇,匀浆1-5min,浸泡后离心取沉淀;
S2、向S1步骤得到的沉淀中,加入碱性溶液,匀浆1-5min,静置后离心取上清液;
S3、将S2步骤的上清液透析后浓缩,加入无水乙醇,静置后离心取沉淀,得到第一提取物;
S4、取乳熟期和蜡熟期的玉米须进行粉碎,加入浓度为50-70%的乙醇混匀,在50-70℃下微波提取15-30min,静置后离心取上清液,浓缩至1/8-1/5得到第二提取物;
S5、将第一提取物与第二提取物混合,得到所述的玉米须提取物;
在S1步骤中,按照料液比1:2-5加入无水乙醇;
在S2步骤中,按照料液比1:2-5加入碱性溶液,所述的碱性溶液为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾溶液;所述的碱性溶液的浓度为0.2-0.5M;
在S3步骤中,按照体积比1:2-4加入无水乙醇;
在S3步骤中,浓缩至上清液体积的1/3-1/2;
在S3步骤中,静置的时间为12-24小时;
在S4步骤中,按照料液比1:2-5加入浓度为50-70%的乙醇。
2.一种权利要求1所述的方法制备得到的玉米须提取物。
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