CN113235977A

CN113235977A - Rainwater storage yard suitable for green habitation villages and towns construction

Info

Publication number: CN113235977A
Application number: CN202110523667.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张云华; 沈童; 任雪冰; 黄伟; 赵依谷; 曹梦仪
Original assignee: Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Current assignee: Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Priority date: 2021-05-13
Filing date: 2021-05-13
Publication date: 2021-08-10

Abstract

Store up rainwater courtyard suitable for green livable villages and towns construction belongs to green livable villages and towns construction ecology technical field, by rain water storage tank (1), enclosure (2), pool (3), plant tree groove (4), plant garden (5), breed fish pool (6), fermentation vat (7), blow off pipe (8), sewage pipes (9), lavatory (10), drain (11), sewer (12), just door (13), outer door (14), gatehouse (15), kitchen (16), wash room (17), stair (18), roof platform (19), porch (25), Ge Lao (31), roof platform enclosure (32) constitute, its characterized in that: the rainwater storage tank (1) is arranged at the lower part of the whole applicable courtyard and used for storing rainwater, storing water, ensuring temperature and humidity, culturing fish and planting water for the whole courtyard. The device is simple to manufacture, high in operability, low in cost and obvious in effect.

Description

Rainwater storage yard suitable for green habitation villages and towns construction

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rainwater storage yard suitable for construction of green livable villages and towns, and belongs to the technical field of green livable village and town construction ecology.

Background

In order to be suitable for the construction of green livable villages and towns, the most basic unit courtyards in the villages are firstly known and planned. The traditional courtyard construction is that a house, a kitchen, a compartment house, an outer door, a toilet and courtyard walls are built on the ground, trees and flowers are basically planted, a colony house for raising livestock is also built in some cases, a water storage pit is generally arranged in the courtyard and used for temporarily storing cleaned dry branches and fallen leaves and other substances after the courtyard is cleaned, the dry branches and fallen leaves and the like are soaked and macerated with domestic wastewater to prepare farmyard manure and apply the farmyard manure to own farmlands. Higher-grade courtyards can have running water to flow through, and flowers cultivated in a pot and fish ponds etc. are arranged in the courtyards. For thousands of years, this is almost always the case. All the courtyards can meet the basic requirements of people for living, are quiet and peaceful, and give people a comfortable feeling. However, since the land environment itself has diversity and changes greatly, and is hot in summer and cold in winter, even if there is regulation of a stove, an air conditioner, etc., courtyards in various regions have their limitations due to restrictions of cost, living habits, and the natural environment. Therefore, how to design a green and livable courtyard which is slightly influenced by the natural environment and can ensure the temperature and the humidity is a great problem to be solved urgently, so the utilization sets up rain water storage tank in the courtyard below, the rainwater that will fall in the courtyard is stored in rain water storage tank, the specific heat ratio of face water is great, the great rain water storage tank of reserves is deposited the humiture that can keep whole courtyard environment betterly, give other people and provide a comfortable environment, on the other hand, the rainwater of storage, still can provide moisture for planting garden and fish pond in the courtyard, plant the garden and can produce the vegetables melon and fruit, fish and shrimp can be bred to the fish pond, fish and shrimp not only can provide the meat and eat for people, can also eat mosquito larva and ovum etc., restrict its disturbance to people, it is less finally to reach to receive the natural environment influence, can be slightly guaranteed in the aspect of the humiture, the purpose that green is fit for living. The invention discloses a rainwater storage yard suitable for construction of green and livable villages and towns.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problem of how to design a garden which is slightly influenced by natural environment, can ensure temperature and humidity slightly and is green and suitable for living, the invention provides the rainwater storage garden suitable for being constructed in green and suitable for living villages and towns, the rainwater storage garden suitable for being constructed in green and suitable for living villages and towns utilizes the rainwater storage groove arranged below the garden to store rainwater falling into the garden into the rainwater storage groove, on one hand, the specific heat ratio of water is larger, the temperature and humidity of the whole garden environment can be well kept by water stored in the rainwater storage groove with larger storage capacity, a comfortable environment is provided for people, on the other hand, the stored rainwater can also provide moisture for planting and fish pond in the garden, the planting garden can produce vegetables and fruits, the fish and ponds can cultivate fishes and shrimps, the fishes and shrimps can not only provide meat for people, but also can eat mosquitoes and eggs and the like to limit the breeding of the larvae, finally, the purposes of being slightly influenced by natural environment, being slightly guaranteed in the aspects of temperature and humidity and being green and suitable are achieved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention is suitable for storing rainwater courtyards constructed in green Yiju villages and towns, and consists of a rainwater storage tank 1, an enclosing wall 2, a green house 3, a tree planting groove 4, a planting garden 5, a fish pond 6, a fermentation tank 7, a blow-off pipe 8, a blow-off passage 9, a toilet 10, a blow-off port 11, a sewer 12, a toilet door 13, an outer door 14, a gate building 15, a kitchen 16, a washing room 17, a stair 18, a roof platform 19, a porch 25, a Ge Laoshan 31 and a roof platform baffle 32, and is characterized in that: the rainwater storage tank 1 is a water storage tank which is arranged at the lower part of a rainwater storage yard suitable for green and livable villages and towns construction and is used for storing rainwater and providing water for the whole yard for storage, temperature and humidity guarantee, fish culture and planting, and the wall which encloses the rainwater storage tank 1 is divided into a rainwater storage tank thin wall 27 and a rainwater storage tank thick wall 28 according to the thickness and the construction mode, wherein the rainwater storage tank thin wall 27 is arranged at the bottom, the periphery, the top and the middle of the tank which does not play a main supporting role, is made of reinforced concrete and has the thickness of 10-50 cm; the thick wall 28 of the rain water storage tank is arranged below the walls of the chamber 3, the door building 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, the cross section of the thick wall is trapezoidal, the width of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is 50-100 cm, the width of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 100-150 cm, and the height of the trapezoid is 150-300 cm; the waterproof layer 35 is arranged below the rain water tank 1 and outside the periphery of the rain water tank 1; laying 2-3 layers of 5-10 mm thick felt paper below the thick wall 28 of the rain water tank to form a thick-wall bottom waterproof layer 37, then laying a steel reinforcement cage net on the felt paper, namely, the deformed steel bars with the cross section diameter of 8 mm and 20 mm are bundled into a cage net shape by thin iron wires, and the bundled reinforcement cage net is divided into two cases, one is a longitudinal reinforcement cage 34 which is bundled into a cuboid shape by the steel bars, namely, 4, 8 or 12 thick steel bars with the diameter of 20 mm are bundled into four surfaces by bending the thick steel bars into square thin steel bars with the diameter of 8 mm, the distance between two adjacent thick steel bars is 5-20 cm, bundling a thin reinforcing steel bar bent into a square shape at a distance of 20-30 cm in the length direction of the thick reinforcing steel bar, when the two adjacent bundled longitudinal reinforcement cages 34 are arranged in the thin wall 27 and the thick wall 28 of the rain water storage tank, the distance between the two bundled longitudinal reinforcement cages is 1-1.5 m; the other type is transverse steel bars 33, namely steel bars connected between two longitudinal steel bar cages, thick steel bars with the diameter of 20 mm are adopted and are arranged corresponding to thin steel bars on the longitudinal steel bar cages, namely thin iron wires are bound on one side surface of each longitudinal steel bar cage, the distance between the upper transverse steel bar 33 and the lower transverse steel bar 33 is 20-30 cm, therefore, a steel bar cage net can be paved, then a baffle is fixed outside the steel bar cage net according to the required shape, the distance between the baffle and the outer surface of each steel bar cage is at least 5 cm, then prefabricated concrete is poured into the steel bar cage, the concrete adopts the specification of C30, and the material and the proportion are 0.38: 1: 1.11: 2.72, namely 1 cubic C30 concrete is formed by stirring and mixing 175kg of water, 461kg of cement, 512kg of sand and 1252kg of stones, and after the concrete is solidified, the baffle is removed to form the thin wall 27 or the thick wall 28 of the rainwater storage tank; a cavity defined by the rain water storage tank thin wall 27 and the rain water storage tank thick wall 28 is a rain water storage tank cavity 26, the rain water storage tank cavity 26 is a space for storing rain water in the whole courtyard, and fish are raised in the water in the rain water storage tank cavity 26; the top wall 51 of the rain water storage tank is the wall of the top of the rain water storage tank 1 and is made of a wall body layer 36 of a thin wall 27 of the rain water storage tank, the top wall 51 of the rain water storage tank forms the ground of the same in the draft room 3, the gate building 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, the ground of a courtyard is formed in a courtyard, meanwhile, the ground of the courtyard is divided into a planting garden 5 and a fish pond 6 according to different functions, the walls of the courtyard room 3, the gate building 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 at the peripheral wall of the courtyard are all walls 2 except the walls of the draft room 3, the gate building 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, 3-5 tree planting grooves 4 with semicircular cross sections are arranged outside the wall 2 at one side opposite to the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, a fermentation tank 7 is arranged below the toilet 10 in the courtyard, and the fermentation tank 7 is communicated with a sewage discharge passage 9 through a sewage discharge pipe 8; the planting garden 5 is a region in which flowers, plants and vegetables are planted, is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 5-20 meters, the width of the rectangle is 3-15 meters, a supporting beam 41 is arranged every 1-1.5 meters in the length direction, a longitudinal reinforcement cage 34 which is bundled into a cuboid shape by using reinforcement is arranged in the supporting beam 41, one end of the longitudinal reinforcement cage is connected to a rainwater storage tank thick wall 28 which supports the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, the other end of the longitudinal reinforcement cage is connected to a rainwater storage tank thin wall 27 below the enclosure wall 2, meanwhile, the supporting beam 41 also forms the side wall of the planting tank 38, the cross section of the supporting beam 41 is square, and the side length of the square is 10-50 centimeters; a planting groove 38 is arranged between two adjacent supporting beams 41 in the planting garden 5, the planting groove 38 is an area for planting flowers, grass and vegetables and is defined by the inner wall of the enclosing wall 2, the supporting beams 41 and the side surface of the ground of the courtyard at the planting garden 5, the wall around the planting groove 38 is a planting groove wall 43, the wall at the bottom of the planting groove 38 is a planting groove bottom 40, the planting groove bottom 40 is made by pouring concrete into transverse reinforcing steel bars 33 with a distance of 3-5 cm, the thickness is 3-5 cm, a plurality of water seepage holes 39 are arranged on the planting groove bottom 40, each water seepage hole 39 is circular, the diameter is 2-5 cm, an anti-falling partition made of stainless steel mesh and sponge is arranged on the upper edge of the water seepage hole 39, in the anti-falling partition, the stainless steel mesh is positioned at the lowest surface, the skeleton supporting function is realized, the thickness of the sponge is 0.5-1 cm, the distance between two adjacent water seepage holes 39 is 10-20 cm, after planting soil is available in the planting groove cavity 42, water in the rainwater storage groove cavity 26 can enter the soil in the planting groove cavity 42 through the water seepage holes 39 for flowers, plants and vegetables to grow, the space enclosed by the planting groove wall 43 and the planting groove bottom 40 is the planting groove cavity 42, and the depth of the planting groove cavity 42 is 20-45 cm; the fish pond 6 is a part for stocking and viewing cultured fishes, a circular, square, diamond, heart-shaped or polygonal hollow part is reserved on the ground of the courtyard formed by the top wall 51 of the rainwater storage tank, the distance between two opposite sides is 1-5 meters, namely if the fish pond is circular, the diameter of the circle is 1-5 meters; if the square is adopted, the distance between two opposite sides of the square is 1-5 meters; a fishpond wall 48 is formed by hollowing out the top wall 51 section of the rain water storage tank on the ground of the backyard, and the middle of the fishpond wall 48 is recessed inwards; the fishpond 6 consists of a support cylinder 44, a support cylinder wall 45, a cylinder inlet 46, a pond edge seam 47, a fishpond wall 48, a fishpond cavity 49, a fishpond bottom 50 and a support cylinder cavity 52, wherein the support cylinder 44 is a cylinder for supporting the fishpond bottom 50 and is cylindrical, the outer diameter of the cylinder is 20-50 cm, the diameter of an inner cavity is 15-30 cm, the height of the cylinder is 100 cm and 200 cm, the part between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the support cylinder 44 is the support cylinder wall 45, the support cylinder wall 45 is made of reinforced concrete, when the round steel bar cage is manufactured, 3-9 threaded steel bars which are vertically arranged at equal intervals and have the diameter of 20 mm are bundled into the cylindrical steel bar cage by thin iron wires, two oval holes, namely the cylinder inlet 46, are oppositely arranged on the middle wall of the cylinder, then a round steel bar cage with a round hole in the middle is manufactured at the top of the steel bar cage, then a clamp plate is clamped on the outer side of the steel bar cage, pouring concrete with the specification of C30 into the cage, and after the concrete is solidified, manufacturing a fishpond bottom 50 supported by the pillar cylinder 44; the upper surface of the bottom 50 of the fish pond is in an upwardly convex spherical shape, the lower surface is in a downwardly convex spherical shape, the thickest part of the center between the upper surface and the lower surface is 20 cm, the thinnest part of the edge is 2 cm, the center of the bottom 50 of the fish pond is provided with a round hole with the diameter of 15-30 cm, a pillar barrel cavity 52 is arranged in the round hole, namely the inner cavity of a pillar barrel 44, and the pillar barrel cavity 52 is communicated with the rainwater storage tank cavity 26 through a barrel inlet 46; the pond edge seam 47 is a hole formed between the pond wall 48 and the lateral edge of the pond bottom 50; the fishpond cavity 49 is a cavity defined by a fishpond bottom 50, a pond edge seam 47 and a fishpond wall 48, and is also a part where water in the rainwater storage tank cavity 26 is directly communicated with the outside.

The draft house 3 is a residential building in the north of the whole courtyard, all wall bodies are arranged above the thick wall 28 of the rainwater storage tank, the ground in the house is a part of the top wall 51 of the rainwater storage tank, a well cover is arranged on the ground in the west of the draft house 3, the well cover covers a well mouth at ordinary times, and the well cover is opened when the rainwater storage tank needs to be observed; the cabinet 3 is composed of a ventilation window 20, a cabinet ridge 21, a cabinet roof 22, a door gallery 25, a cabinet window 29, a cabinet door 30 and a wall body layer 36 of a rain water storage tank thin wall 27, and the wall body layer 36 of the rain water storage tank thin wall 27 forms all the walls of the cabinet 3; spaces for installing windows of the ventilation windows 20 are reserved on the walls on the two sides of the front of the chamber 3 so as to install the ventilation windows 20; a space for installing a hall door 30 is reserved on the wall of the center of the front of the hall 3; the external surface of the house door 30 is provided with a porch 25, and the porch 25 is a cuboid space formed by inwards recessing the wall in the center of the front surface of the house 3 for people to move; the Tangerine roof 22 is the top of the Tangerine 3, the cross section of the Tangerine roof is triangular, a Tangerine ridge 21 is arranged at the top corner of the triangle, the Tangerine roof 22 is built by precast slabs made of reinforced concrete, the length of each precast slab is 6-10 m, the width of each precast slab is 0.8-1 m, the thickness of each precast slab is 5-10 cm, and a buckle bulge is arranged at the upper edge of each relative purlin.

The gate 15 is a part communicating the whole courtyard with the outside, people and articles can freely enter and exit the courtyard at the gate 15, an outer door 14 is arranged at the outer wall of the gate 15, the outer door 14 is made of wood or metal and consists of a door frame, door leaves and door bolts, and the door frame is positioned at the upper side, the left side and the right side of the periphery of the outer door 14 and fixed on the outer wall of the gate 15; the door leaf is movably connected with the hinge on the door frame by virtue of the door shaft on the door leaf, the door leaf comprises a left door leaf and a right door leaf, and the left door leaf and the right door leaf are bilaterally symmetrical along the middle of the outer door 14; the door bolt is a structure for connecting a left door leaf and a right door leaf together, and comprises a door lock and a bolt, wherein the door lock can lock the left door leaf and the right door leaf together from the outside, and the bolt can insert the left door leaf and the right door leaf into one piece from the inside; the toilet door 13 is also arranged on one door leaf of the outer door 14, the toilet door is smaller than the door leaf and is 1/5-1/4 of the door leaf, the toilet door is arranged at the left lower corner of the right door leaf close to the middle, one side edge of the toilet door is connected to the door leaf through a hinge or a movable rotating shaft, and the other side edge of the toilet door can be fixed with the door leaf through a bolt positioned on the inner surface of the toilet door; one side wall of the gate building 15 corresponding to the outer door 14 can be called a shadow gate wall and is a supporting side wall of the gate building 15, the shadow gate wall is of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall body is 25-38 cm, the height of the wall body is 3-4 m, and patterns preferred by a master are arranged on the inner surface of the shadow gate wall; the left wall of the gate 15 is shared with the wall of the kitchen 16, the left wall of the gate 15 is of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height is 3-4 m, the right wall of the gate 15 is also of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height is 3-4 m, and the left wall is also a part of the whole courtyard enclosing wall; the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are partial rooms of the whole courtyard and are respectively used for cooking and washing, the wall structure is a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height is 3-4 m, and the rear walls of the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are part of the enclosing wall of the whole courtyard; because the heights of the wall bodies of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are the same, when the top parts of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are built, a pouring mode is adopted, namely, a box with a preset shape is manufactured on the top part of the wall body by using a baffle plate, a reinforcement cage is laid in the box, then premixed concrete is poured, and after the concrete is solidified, the top parts of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 can be manufactured; then, building a roof platform enclosure 32 around the top of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, wherein the height of the roof platform enclosure 32 is 30-50 cm, and holes with even intervals are arranged on the upper surfaces of the top of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17; the roof platform 19 is a space surrounded by the roof platform enclosure 32, and articles can be aired or leisure can be aired on the roof platform 19 at ordinary times; the roof platform 19 has an opening on the side near the chamber 3; the Ge Laoshan 31 is a space between the washing room 17 and the house 3, one side close to the washing room 17 is provided with a stair 18, the stair 18 is of a brick-concrete structure, the bottom of the stair is a bottom plate made of reinforced concrete, the upper part of the stair is composed of multiple stages, and the height of each stage is the same and is 20 cm; the enclosing wall 2 is a wall body which is built on the wall of the periphery of the rain water storage tank 1 at the periphery of the whole courtyard, the wall body structure of the enclosing wall 2 is a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall body is 25-38 cm, and the height of the wall body is 2-3 m.

The toilet 10 is divided into two parts, namely a male part and a female part, is arranged at one corner of the outer side of the courtyard gate building 15, has the height of 2-3 meters, is the same as the height of the enclosing wall 2, and is provided with a ceiling; the fermentation tank 7 is a space communicated with the urinal below the toilet 10; the wall of the toilet 10 and the wall of the fermentation tank 7 are both brick-concrete structures, the thickness of the wall is 20-25 cm, and cement is smeared on the wall; the top of the fermentation tank 7 is provided with a reinforced concrete prefabricated plate structure, and the thickness of the prefabricated plate is 5-10 cm; a sewage draining channel 9 is arranged on the outer side of the front enclosing wall 2 of the courtyard, two side walls and a bottom wall of the sewage draining channel 9 are of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the sewage draining channel is 20-25 cm, the height of the two side walls is 50-100 cm, the width of the bottom wall is 30-50 cm, and the height of the side wall is gradually increased from the toilet 10 to the outer door 14; the blow-off pipe 8 is a circular pipe, ceramic or concrete, which is communicated with the fermentation tank 7 and the blow-off channel 9, the diameter of the cross section of the pipe cavity is 15-20 cm, and the pipe cavity is positioned below the top plate of the blow-off channel 9; the sewage draining exit 11 is a channel between the sewage draining passage 9 and the sewer 12, is positioned at the lower part of the wall at the connecting part of the sewage draining passage 9 and the sewer 12, is square, has the width of 30-50 cm and the height of 10-20 cm; the sewer 12 is a passage for discharging sewage of the whole courtyard and adjacent domestic courtyards in the same alley, the cross section of the sewer is rectangular, two side walls and a bottom wall are of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the sewer is 20-25 cm, the height of the two side walls is 100 plus one 150 cm, the width of the bottom wall is 30-50 cm, the height of the side walls of the sewer 12 is gradually increased from the courtyard at the rear part of the alley to a ditch at the front part of the alley; the top of the sewer 12 is provided with a lower sewer cover 23, the lower sewer cover 23 is a reinforced concrete prefabricated plate structure, and the lower sewer cover 23 has the length of 50-100 cm, the width of 50-60 cm and the thickness of 10-20 cm; the sewage cavity 24 is an inner cavity of the sewage 12, and besides the sewage and excrement can be discharged, the sewage cavity 24 can be provided with cables, water pipes, gas pipes and the like for courtyard.

The rainwater storage garden has the advantages that the rainwater storage tank is arranged below the garden, rainwater falling into the garden is stored in the rainwater storage tank, on one hand, the specific heat ratio of water is large, the temperature and humidity of the environment of the whole garden can be well kept by water stored in the rainwater storage tank with large storage capacity, and a comfortable environment is provided for people. The rainwater storage yard suitable for being constructed in green and livable villages and towns is simple to manufacture, strong in operability, low in cost and obvious in effect.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the rainwater storage yard suitable for the construction of green and livable villages and towns.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the thin-wall structure of the rainwater storage tank of the rainwater storage yard suitable for the construction of green and livable villages and towns.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the thick wall of the rainwater storage tank of the rainwater storage yard suitable for being constructed in green and livable villages and towns.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a planting garden of a rainwater storage garden suitable for construction of green and livable villages and towns.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a fishpond for storing a rainwater yard suitable for construction in green and habitable villages and towns.

In the figure, 1, a rainwater storage tank, 2, an enclosing wall, 3, a kitchen house, 4, a tree planting groove, 5, a planting garden, 6, a fishpond, 7, a fermentation tank, 8, a blow-off pipe, 9, a blow-off passage, 10, a toilet, 11, a blow-off port, 12, a sewer, 13, a toilet door, 14, an outer door, 15, a gate building, 16, a kitchen, 17, a washing room, 18, a stair, 19, a roof terrace, 20, a ventilation window, 21, a roof ridge, 22, a roof of the kitchen, 23, a sewer cover, 24, a sewer cavity, 25, a door gallery, 26, a rainwater storage tank cavity, 27, a rainwater storage tank thin wall, 28, a rainwater storage tank thick wall, 29, a roof window, 30, a roof door, 31, Laoshan, 32, a roof terrace fence, 33, transverse reinforcing steel bars, 34, a longitudinal reinforcing cage, 35, a waterproof layer, 36, a wall body layer, 37, a planting groove bottom waterproof layer, 38, a water seepage groove, 39, a water seepage hole, 40, a supporting cross beam, 42. planting groove cavity, 43 planting groove wall, 44 supporting column cylinder, 45 supporting column cylinder wall, 46 supporting column inlet, 47 pool side seam, 48 pool wall, 49 pool cavity, 50 pool bottom, 51 top wall of rainwater storage tank, and 52 supporting column cylinder cavity.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in the figure, the invention is suitable for the rainwater storage yard constructed in green Yiju villages and towns, and comprises a rainwater storage tank 1, an enclosure wall 2, a garden room 3, a tree planting tank 4, a planting garden 5, a fishpond 6, a fermentation tank 7, a blow-off pipe 8, a blow-off passage 9, a toilet 10, a blow-off port 11, a sewer 12, a toilet door 13, an outer door 14, a gate building 15, a kitchen 16, a washing room 17, a stair 18, a roof platform 19, a ventilation window 20, a shed roof 21, a shed roof 22, a shed roof cover 23, a sewer cavity 24, a porch 25, a rainwater storage tank cavity 26, a rainwater storage tank thin wall 27, a rainwater storage tank thick wall 28, a shed roof window 29, a shed door 30, a Laoshan 31, a roof platform baffle 32, a transverse reinforcing steel bar 33, a longitudinal reinforcing cage 34, a waterproof layer 35, a wall layer 36, a bottom waterproof layer 37, a planting groove 38, a water seepage hole 39, a planting groove bottom 40, a supporting beam 41, a planting groove cavity 42, a planting groove wall 43, Pillar cylinder 44, pillar cylinder wall 45, cylinder inlet 46, pool edge seam 47, pool wall 48, pool cavity 49, pool bottom 50, rain water tank top wall 51, and pillar cylinder cavity 52. The rainwater storage tank 1 is arranged at the lower part of the whole rainwater storage yard suitable for the construction of green and livable villages and towns and used for storing rainwater and providing water for the whole yard for storing water, ensuring temperature and humidity, culturing fish and planting, the wall which encloses the rainwater storage tank 1 is divided into a rainwater storage tank thin wall 27 and a rainwater storage tank thick wall 28 according to the thickness and the construction mode, wherein the rainwater storage tank thin wall 27 (shown in figure 2) is arranged at the bottom, the periphery, the top and the middle of the tank which does not play a main supporting role, is made of reinforced concrete and has the thickness of 10-50 cm; the rain water storage tank thick wall 28 (shown in fig. 3) is arranged below the walls of the draft chamber 3, the door building 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, and has a trapezoidal cross section, wherein the width of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is 50-100 cm, the width of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 150 cm, and the height of the trapezoid is 150 cm and 300 cm; during construction, the rain water storage tank thin wall 27 and the rain water storage tank thick wall 28 are constructed in a mode that a foundation pit is dug well, the size of the pit is larger than that of the whole courtyard, the periphery of the pit is at least 0.1-1 meter away from the periphery of the courtyard, the depth of the pit is 2-4 meters, so that the waterproof and rain water storage tank 1 construction and the like can be conveniently carried out, before construction, a rammer is used for ramming the bottom of a foundation, then a layer of felt paper made of asphalt is laid, the thickness of the felt paper is 5-10 millimeters and used for waterproofing, gaps among the felt paper are connected together in a fire baking mode to form a waterproof layer 35, the waterproof layer 35 is arranged outside the periphery of the rain water storage tank 1 except for being arranged below the rain water storage tank 1, and is also arranged outside the periphery of the rain water storage tank 1 and used for preventing water in the soil around from seeping into or seeping out from the rain water storage tank 1; laying 2-3 layers of 5-10 mm thick felt paper below the thick wall 28 of the rain water tank to form a thick-wall bottom waterproof layer 37, then laying a steel reinforcement cage net on the felt paper, namely, the deformed steel bars with the cross section diameter of 8 mm and 20 mm are bundled into a cage net shape by thin iron wires, and the bundled reinforcement cage net is divided into two cases, one is a longitudinal reinforcement cage 34 which is bundled into a cuboid shape by the steel bars, namely, 4, 8 or 12 thick steel bars with the diameter of 20 mm are bundled into four surfaces by bending the thick steel bars into square thin steel bars with the diameter of 8 mm, the distance between two adjacent thick steel bars is 5-20 cm, bundling a thin reinforcing steel bar bent into a square shape at a distance of 20-30 cm in the length direction of the thick reinforcing steel bar, when the two adjacent bundled longitudinal reinforcement cages 34 are arranged in the thin wall 27 and the thick wall 28 of the rain water storage tank, the distance between the two bundled longitudinal reinforcement cages is 1-1.5 m; the other type is transverse steel bars 33, namely steel bars connected between two longitudinal steel bar cages, thick steel bars with the diameter of 20 mm are adopted and are arranged corresponding to thin steel bars on the longitudinal steel bar cages, namely thin iron wires are bound on one side surface of the longitudinal steel bar cages, the distance between the upper transverse steel bar 33 and the lower transverse steel bar 33 is 20-30 cm, so that a steel bar cage net can be laid, then a baffle is fixed outside the steel bar cage net according to the required shape, the distance between the baffle and the outer surface of the steel bar cage is at least 5 cm, all the steel bars can be buried in the middle of the thin wall 27 of the rainwater storage tank or the thick wall 28 of the rainwater storage tank and cannot be exposed on the surface, then prefabricated concrete is poured into the steel bar cage, the concrete adopts the specification of C30, and the material and proportion are 0.38: 1: 1.11: 2.72, 1 cubic C30 concrete is prepared by mixing 175kg of water, 461kg of cement, 512kg of sand and 1252kg of stones, and after the concrete is solidified, removing the baffle plate to obtain the thin wall 27 or the thick wall 28 of the rain water storage tank. As can be seen from the above, the rain water tank thin wall 27 or the rain water tank thick wall 28 around and at the bottom of the rain water tank 1 is made of the wall layer 36 and the waterproof layer 35, and the waterproof layer below the rain water tank thick wall 28 is specifically referred to as a thick-walled bottom waterproof layer 37. The cavity that rain water storage tank thin wall 27 and rain water storage tank thick wall 28 enclose is for storing up rainwater vallecular cavity 26, and it is the space that rainwater was stored to store up rainwater vallecular cavity 26 whole courtyard, for preventing breeding of aquatic mosquito, still need raise the fish that the house owner liked in the aquatic of storing up rainwater vallecular cavity 26. The top wall 51 of the rain water storage tank is the wall of the top of the rain water storage tank 1 and is made of a wall body layer 36 of a thin wall 27 of the rain water storage tank, the floor of the courtyard is formed by the top wall 51 of the rain water storage tank in the draft room 3, the gate building 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, the floor of the courtyard is formed in the courtyard, meanwhile, the floor of the courtyard is divided into a planting garden 5 and a fish pond 6 according to different functions, the walls of the courtyard around the courtyard except the walls of the draft room 3, the gate building 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are all walls 2, the structure and the manufacture of the walls 2 are the wall body layer 36 of the thin wall 27 of the rain water storage tank, 3-5 tree grooves 4 with semicircular cross sections are arranged outside the wall body 2 on one side opposite to the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, a fermentation tank 7 is arranged below the toilet 10 in the courtyard, and the fermentation tank 7 is communicated with a sewage discharge channel 9 through a sewage discharge pipe 8. The planting garden 5 is a region in which flowers, plants and vegetables are planted, is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 5-20 meters, the width of the rectangle is 3-15 meters, a supporting beam 41 is arranged every 1-1.5 meters in the length direction, a longitudinal reinforcement cage 34 which is bundled into a cuboid shape by using reinforcement is arranged in the supporting beam 41, one end of the longitudinal reinforcement cage is connected to a rainwater storage tank thick wall 28 which supports the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, the other end of the longitudinal reinforcement cage is connected to a rainwater storage tank thin wall 27 below the enclosing wall 2, meanwhile, the supporting beam 41 also forms the side wall of the planting tank 38, the cross section of the supporting beam 41 is square, and the side length of the square is 10-50 centimeters; a planting groove 38 is arranged between two adjacent supporting beams 41 in the planting garden 5, the planting groove 38 is an area for planting flowers, plants and vegetables and is defined by the inner wall of the enclosing wall 2, the supporting beams 41 and the side surface of the ground of the courtyard at the planting garden 5, the wall around the planting groove 38 is a planting groove wall 43, the wall at the bottom of the planting groove 38 is a planting groove bottom 40, the planting groove bottom 40 is made by pouring concrete into transverse steel bars 33 with a distance of 3-5 cm, the thickness is 3-5 cm, a plurality of seepage holes 39 are arranged on the planting groove bottom 40, each seepage hole 39 is circular, the diameter is 2-5 cm, an anti-falling partition made of stainless steel mesh and sponge is arranged on the upper edge of the seepage hole 39, in the anti-falling partition, the stainless steel mesh is positioned at the lowest surface, the thickness of the sponge is 0.5-1 cm, and dust and other particles are prevented from entering the storage groove cavity 26 through the meshes of the stainless steel mesh, the distance between two adjacent water seepage holes 39 is 10-20 cm, after planting soil exists in the planting groove cavity 42, water in the rainwater storage groove cavity 26 can enter the soil in the planting groove cavity 42 through the water seepage holes 39 for the growth of flowers, plants and vegetables, the space enclosed by the planting groove wall 43 and the planting groove bottom 40 is the planting groove cavity 42, and the depth of the planting groove cavity 42 is 20-45 cm. The fish pond 6 is used for stocking and viewing cultured fishes, and is a circular, square, diamond, heart-shaped or polygonal hollow-out part reserved on the ground of the courtyard formed by the top wall 51 of the rainwater storage tank, and the distance between two opposite sides is 1-5 meters, namely if the fish pond is circular, the diameter of the circle is 1-5 meters; if the square is adopted, the distance between two opposite sides of the square is 1-5 meters; a fishpond wall 48 is formed by hollowing out the top wall 51 section of the rain water storage tank on the ground of the backyard, and the middle of the fishpond wall 48 is recessed inwards to increase the volume of a fishpond cavity 49 and increase the activity space of ornamental fishes; the fishpond 6 consists of a support cylinder 44, a support cylinder wall 45, a cylinder inlet 46, a pond edge seam 47, a fishpond wall 48, a fishpond cavity 49, a fishpond bottom 50 and a support cylinder cavity 52, wherein the support cylinder 44 is a cylinder for supporting the fishpond bottom 50 and is cylindrical, the outer diameter of the cylinder is 20-50 cm, the diameter of an inner cavity is 15-30 cm, the height of the cylinder is 100 cm and 200 cm, the part between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the support cylinder 44 is the support cylinder wall 45, the support cylinder wall 45 is made of reinforced concrete, when the round steel bar cage is manufactured, 3-9 threaded steel bars which are vertically arranged at equal intervals and have the diameter of 20 mm are bundled into the cylindrical steel bar cage by thin iron wires, two oval holes, namely the cylinder inlet 46, are oppositely arranged on the middle wall of the cylinder, then a round steel bar cage with a round hole in the middle is manufactured at the top of the steel bar cage, then a clamp plate is clamped on the outer side of the steel bar cage, and pouring concrete with the specification of C30 into the cage, and after the concrete is solidified, manufacturing the fishpond bottom 50 supported by the pillar cylinder 44. The upper surface of the pool bottom 50 is of an upward convex spherical shape, the lower surface is of a downward convex spherical shape, the thickest part of the center between the upper surface and the lower surface is 20 cm, the thinnest part of the edge is 2 cm, the center of the pool bottom 50 is provided with a round hole with the diameter of 15-30 cm, a pillar cylinder cavity 52 is arranged in the round hole, namely the inner cavity of the pillar cylinder 44, the pillar cylinder cavity 52 is communicated with the rainwater storage tank cavity 26 through a cylinder inlet 46, and fish cultured in water in the rainwater storage tank cavity 26 can reach the pool cavity 49 through the pillar cylinder cavity 52 and can also enter the pool cavity 49 through a pool edge seam 47. Pool edge seam 47 is the hole that forms between pool wall 48 and the pool bottom 50 lateral margins of breeding fish, can let the fish make a round trip to move about between storage rainwater tank 26 and pool 49 of breeding fish, and the width in hole is 5-10 centimetres, and pool edge seam 47 can not be too wide, otherwise brings the danger that falls into storage rainwater tank 26 for the courtyard owner easily, and in addition, pool edge seam 47 and pool bottom 50 central authorities round hole of breeding fish are still that the rainwater is collected to be stored and is advanced storage rainwater tank 26 or is taken out the passageway from storage rainwater tank 26 by pumping equipment. The fishpond cavity 49 is a cavity defined by a fishpond bottom 50, a pond edge seam 47 and a fishpond wall 48, and is also a part where water in the rainwater storage tank cavity 26 is directly communicated with the outside, and the fish activity can be observed at the fishpond cavity 49. The house 3 of the mill is the residential building in the north of whole courtyard, all wall bodies all set up in rainwater storage tank thick wall 28 tops, indoor ground then is part of rainwater storage tank roof 51, for the water in convenient observation and the utilization rainwater storage tank 1, generally set up a well lid on the ground in 3 west rooms of the house of the mill, this well lid covers the well head at ordinary times, then open the well lid when needing to observe rainwater storage tank inside, can inspect the condition of the water and the fish in the rainwater storage tank 1, if it is too big to discover that the water becomes smelly or the fish, can take out water dry and trade water or take out the fish and eat. The Tangerine house 3 is composed of the wall body layers 36 of the ventilation window 20, the Tangerine ridge 21, the Tangerine roof 22, the door gallery 25, the Tangerine window 29, the Tangerine door 30 and the rain water tank thin wall 27, and the wall body layers 36 of the rain water tank thin wall 27 form all walls of the Tangerine house 3. Spaces for installing the ventilation windows 20 are reserved on the walls on the two sides of the front of the cabinet 3 so as to install the ventilation windows 20, and most of the area of the ventilation windows 20 is transparent glass, so that more light is added to the cabinet 3 while ventilation inside and outside the cabinet 3 is facilitated. A space for installing the hall door 30 is left on the wall of the center of the front of the hall 3 so as to install the hall door 30 and facilitate people to get in and out of the hall 3. The external surface of the house door 30 is provided with a porch 25, and the porch 25 is a cuboid space formed by the inward concave of the wall in the center of the front surface of the house 3 for people to move. The Tangerine roof 22 is the top of the Tangerine 3, the cross section of the Tangerine roof is triangular, a Tangerine ridge 21 is arranged at the top corner of the triangle, the Tangerine roof 22 is built by precast slabs made of reinforced concrete, the length of each precast slab is 6-10 m, the width is 0.8-1 m, the thickness is 5-10 cm, the upper edge of the corresponding purline is provided with a buckle bulge, when in construction, a beam and the purline are poured on the top of the gable wall of the Tang house 3, then the prefabricated plates are flatly paved above the purlines by buckles, gaps among the prefabricated plates are filled and blocked by concrete, then the red tiles are sequentially adhered on the prefabricated plates in a tile shape by cement to form a roof 22 of the Tangerine house, then the joints at the ridge 21 of the Tangerine house are covered by ridge tiles, the red tiles are adhered to concrete to thicken the ridge, the ridge 21 is made by attaching finished decoration such as dragon tiles, roof tiles, etc. to the center and both ends of the ridge. The gate 15 is the whole courtyard and the position of the outside communication, people and articles can freely enter and exit the courtyard at the gate 15, the outer wall of the gate 15 is provided with an outer door 14, the outer door 14 is made of wood or metal and comprises a door frame, door leaves and door bolts, and the door frame is positioned at the upper side, the left side and the right side of the periphery of the outer door 14 and fixed on the outer wall of the gate 15; the door leaf is movably connected with the hinge on the door frame by virtue of the door shaft on the door leaf, so that the door leaf can be freely opened and closed under the pushing of external force, the door leaf comprises a left door leaf and a right door leaf, and the left door leaf and the right door leaf are bilaterally symmetrical along the middle of the outer door 14; the door bolt is the structure that links together two left and right sides door leafs, and the structure includes lock and bolt, and the lock can be in the same place two left and right sides door leafs from the outside locking, and the bolt then can insert two left and right sides door leafs from the inside and be one. Because the left door leaf and the right door leaf are larger and heavier, in order to more conveniently enter and exit the courtyard, a toilet door 13 is further arranged on one door leaf and is smaller than the door leaf, the size of the toilet door is equal to 1/5-1/4 of the door leaf, the toilet door is arranged at the position, close to the middle lower left corner, of the right door leaf, one side edge of the toilet door is connected to the door leaf through a hinge or a movable rotating shaft, the other side edge of the toilet door can be fixed with the door leaf through a bolt located on the inner surface of the toilet door, therefore, after a master enters the courtyard through unlocking, the outer door 14 can be inserted, only the toilet door 13 is reserved for people to enter and exit the courtyard, and the outer door 14 is opened only when the master enters and exits larger objects or needs to open the door. One side wall of the gate building 15 corresponding to the outer door 14 can be called a shadow gate wall and is a supporting side wall of the gate building 15, the shadow gate wall is of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall body is 25-38 cm, the height of the wall body is 3-4 m, patterns which are liked by a user are arranged on the inner surface of the shadow gate wall, and the patterns have the function that once people enter the gate building 15 from the outer door 14, beautiful patterns can be seen, a feeling of refreshing and pleasing eyes can be given to people, and the family's breath is increased for the courtyard. The left wall of the gate 15 is shared with the wall of the kitchen 16, because the length of the gate 15 is larger than that of the kitchen 16, the left side of the gate 15 is not provided with the wall except the wall shared with the kitchen 16, and the rest part is not provided with the wall to form an opening so that people and articles can enter the courtyard from the opening, the left wall of the gate 15 is of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height of the wall is 3-4 m, the right wall of the gate 15 is also of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height of the wall is 3-4 m, and the left wall is also part of the whole courtyard enclosing wall. The kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are partial rooms of the whole courtyard and are respectively used for cooking and washing, the wall structure is a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height of the wall is 3-4 m, and the rear walls of the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are part of the enclosing wall of the whole courtyard. Because the heights of the wall bodies of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are the same, when the top parts of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 are built, pouring is carried out in a pouring mode, namely, a box with a preset shape is manufactured on the top part of the wall body by using a baffle plate, a reinforcement cage is laid in the box, then premixed concrete is poured, and after the concrete is solidified, the top parts of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 can be manufactured. Then, a roof fence 32 is built around the top of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17, the height of the roof fence 32 is 30-50 cm, and holes are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the top of the gateway 15, the kitchen 16 and the washing room 17 at intervals so that rainwater can be smoothly drained. The roof platform 19 is a space surrounded by the roof platform enclosure 32, and objects can be aired or leisure can be aired on the roof platform 19 at ordinary times. The roof platform 19 has an opening on the side near the chamber 3 to go up the stairs 18 to the roof platform 19. The Ge Laoshan 31 is a space between the washing room 17 and the house 3, a stair 18 is arranged on one side close to the washing room 17, the stair 18 is of a brick-concrete structure, the bottom of the stair is a bottom plate made of reinforced concrete, the upper part of the stair is composed of multiple steps, the height of each step is the same, and the height of each step is 20 cm, so that people can freely go up and down to and from the roof platform 19. The enclosing wall 2 is a wall body which is built on the periphery of the whole courtyard above the peripheral wall of the rainwater storage tank 1, the building is arranged at a place where the building is arranged, the visible enclosing wall 2 is arranged at a place where the building is not arranged, the wall body structure of the enclosing wall 2 is a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall body is 25-38 cm, the height of the wall body is 2-3 m, and the enclosing wall 2 seals the whole courtyard and can only pass through the outer door 14 to enter and exit the courtyard. The toilet 10 is a building convenient for people, is divided into two parts, namely a man and a woman, is arranged at one corner of the outer side of the courtyard gate 15, has the height of 2-3 meters, is the same as the height of the enclosing wall 2, and is provided with a ceiling so as to prevent inconvenience brought by rain. The fermentation tank 7 is a space communicated with the urinal below the toilet 10, and excrement and urine discharged by people fall into the fermentation tank 7 and can be subjected to primary fermentation treatment in the fermentation tank 7. The wall of the toilet 10 and the wall of the fermentation tank 7 are both brick-concrete structures, the thickness of the wall is 20-25 cm, and cement is smeared on the wall. The top of the fermentation tank 7 is provided with a reinforced concrete prefabricated plate structure, and the thickness of the prefabricated plate is 5-10 cm. The outer side of the front enclosing wall 2 of the courtyard is provided with a sewage draining channel 9, the walls and the bottom wall of two sides of the sewage draining channel 9 are of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness is 20-25 cm, the height of the two side walls is 50-100 cm, the width of the bottom wall is 30-50 cm, the height of the side wall from the toilet 10 to the outer door 14 is gradually increased, namely the height of the sewage draining channel 9 close to the bottom of the toilet 10 is high, and the height of the bottom wall close to the outer door 14 is low, so that sewage and excrement flowing out of the sewage draining pipe 8 can flow into the sewer 12 under the action of gravity. The blow-off pipe 8 is a round pipe, ceramic or concrete, which is communicated with the fermentation tank 7 and the blow-off channel 9, the diameter of the cross section of the pipe cavity is 15-20 cm, and the pipe cavity is positioned below the top plate of the blow-off channel 9. The sewage discharge port 11 is a passage between the sewage discharge passage 9 and the sewer 12, and is used for discharging excrement, urine, sewage and excrement in the sewage discharge passage 9 into the opening of the sewer 12, the lower part of the wall at the connection part of the sewage discharge passage 9 and the sewer 12 is square, the width of the lower part is 30-50 cm, and the height of the lower part is 10-20 cm, so that garbage in the sewer 12 is prevented from being poured into the sewage discharge passage 9. The sewer 12 is a channel for discharging sewage of the whole courtyard and adjacent domestic courtyards in the same alley, the cross section of the sewer is rectangular, two side walls and a bottom wall of the sewer are of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the sewer is 20-25 cm, the height of the two side walls is 100 plus one 150 cm, the width of the bottom wall is 30-50 cm, the height of the side walls of the sewer 12 is gradually increased from the courtyard at the rear of the alley to a ditch at the front of the alley, namely the height of the bottom of the sewer 12 close to the rear of the alley is high, and the bottom of the sewer 12 close to the front of the alley is low, so that sewage and excrement flowing out from. The top of the sewer 12 is provided with a sewer cover 23, the sewer cover 23 is a reinforced concrete prefabricated plate structure and can cover the side wall of the sewer 12, and the sewer cover 23 is 50-100 cm in length, 50-60 cm in width and 10-20 cm in thickness. The sewage cavity 24 is an inner cavity of the sewage 12, and besides the sewage and excrement can be discharged, the sewage cavity 24 can be provided with cables, water pipes, gas pipes and the like for courtyard.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Storage rainwater courtyard suitable for green building villages and towns of living in, by rain water storage tank (1), enclosure (2), pool room (3), plant tree groove (4), plant garden (5), breed fish pool (6), fermentation vat (7), blow off pipe (8), sewage pipes (9), lavatory (10), drain (11), sewer (12), just, outer door (14), gatehouse (15), kitchen (16), washing room (17), stair (18), roof platform (19), porch (25), ge (31), roof platform fender (32) are constituteed, its characterized in that: the rainwater storage tank (1) is arranged at the lower part of the whole rainwater storage yard suitable for green and livable villages and towns construction and used for storing rainwater and providing water for the whole yard for storing water, ensuring temperature and humidity, culturing fish and planting, and the wall enclosing the rainwater storage tank (1) is divided into a rainwater storage tank thin wall (27) and a rainwater storage tank thick wall (28) according to the thickness and the construction mode, wherein the rainwater storage tank thin wall (27) is arranged at the bottom, the periphery, the top and the middle of the tank which does not play a main supporting role, is made of reinforced concrete and has the thickness of 10-50 cm; the rain water storage tank thick wall (28) is arranged below the walls of the pit (3), the door building (15), the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17), the cross section of the rain water storage tank thick wall is trapezoidal, the width of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is 50-100 cm, the width of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 100-150 cm, and the height of the trapezoid is 150-300 cm; the waterproof layer (35) is arranged below the rainwater storage tank (1) and is also arranged outside the periphery of the rainwater storage tank (1); 2-3 layers of 5-10 mm thick felt paper are laid below the rain water storage tank thick wall (28) to form a thick wall bottom waterproof layer (37), a cavity defined by the rain water storage tank thin wall (27) and the rain water storage tank thick wall (28) is a rain water storage tank cavity (26), the rain water storage tank cavity (26) is a space for storing rain water in the whole courtyard, and fish are raised in water in the rain water storage tank cavity (26); the top wall (51) of the rain water storage tank is the wall of the top of the rain water storage tank (1) and is made of a wall body layer (36) of a rain water storage tank thin wall (27), in the cabinet (3), the gate (15), the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17), the top wall (51) of the rain water storage tank forms the ground of the cabinet, in the courtyard, the ground of the courtyard is formed, meanwhile, the ground of the courtyard is divided into a planting garden (5) and a fishpond (6) according to different functions, walls of a painting room (3), a gate building (15), a kitchen (16) and a washing room (17) are arranged on the peripheral wall of the courtyard, the rest are enclosing walls (2), 3-5 tree planting grooves (4) with semicircular cross sections are arranged outside the enclosing walls (2) at one side opposite to the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17), a fermentation tank (7) is arranged below the toilet (10) in the yard, and the fermentation tank (7) is communicated with a sewage discharge channel (9) through a sewage discharge pipe (8); the planting garden (5) is an area in which flowers, plants and vegetables are planted, and is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 5-20 meters, the width of the rectangle is 3-15 meters, a supporting beam (41) is arranged in the length direction at intervals of 1-1.5 meters, a longitudinal reinforcement cage (34) which is bundled into a cuboid shape by using reinforcement is arranged in the supporting beam (41), one end of the longitudinal reinforcement cage is connected to a rainwater storage tank thick wall (28) which supports a kitchen (16) and a washing room (17), the other end of the longitudinal reinforcement cage is connected to a rainwater storage tank thin wall (27) below an enclosing wall (2), meanwhile, the supporting beam (41) also forms a side wall of a planting tank (38), the cross section of the supporting beam (41) is square, and the side length of the square is 10-50 centimeters; a planting groove (38) is arranged between two adjacent supporting beams (41) in the planting garden (5), the planting groove (38) is an area for planting flowers, grass and vegetables and is defined by the inner wall of the enclosing wall (2), the supporting beams (41) and the side surface of the ground of the garden at the planting garden (5), the peripheral wall of the planting groove (38) is a planting groove wall (43), the wall of the bottom of the planting groove (38) is a planting groove bottom (40), the planting groove bottom (40) is made by pouring concrete into transverse steel bars (33) with a distance of 3-5 cm, the thickness is 3-5 cm, a plurality of water seepage holes (39) are arranged on the planting groove bottom (40), each water seepage hole (39) is circular, the diameter is 2-5 cm, an anti-falling partition made of a stainless steel net and a sponge is arranged on the upper edge of each water seepage hole (39), and in the anti-falling partition, the stainless steel net is positioned at the lowest part, the sponge has the skeleton supporting function, the thickness of the sponge is 0.5-1 cm, the distance between two adjacent water seepage holes (39) is 10-20 cm, after soil for planting is planted in the planting groove cavity (42), water in the rainwater storage groove cavity (26) can enter the soil in the planting groove cavity (42) through the water seepage holes (39) for the growth of flowers, plants and vegetables, the space enclosed by the planting groove wall (43) and the planting groove bottom (40) is the planting groove cavity (42), and the depth of the planting groove cavity (42) is 20-45 cm; the fish pond (6) is a part for stocking and viewing cultured fishes, a round, square, diamond, heart-shaped or polygonal hollow part is reserved on the courtyard ground formed by the top wall (51) of the rainwater storage tank, the distance between two opposite sides is 1-5 meters, namely if the fish pond is round, the diameter of the round is 1-5 meters; if the square is adopted, the distance between two opposite sides of the square is 1-5 meters; a fishpond wall (48) is formed by hollowing out the top wall (51) of a rainwater storage tank on the ground of the backyard, and the middle of the fishpond wall (48) is inwards concave; the fish pond (6) consists of a support cylinder (44), a support cylinder wall (45), a cylinder inlet (46), a pond edge seam (47), a fish pond wall (48), a fish pond cavity (49), a fish pond bottom (50) and a support cylinder cavity (52), wherein the support cylinder (44) is a cylinder for supporting the fish pond bottom (50) and is cylindrical, the outer diameter of the cylinder is 20-50 cm, the diameter of an inner cavity is 15-30 cm, the height of the cylinder is 100-200 cm, the part between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the support cylinder (44) is the support cylinder wall (45), the support cylinder wall (45) is made of reinforced concrete, 3-9 steel bars which are vertically arranged at equal intervals and 20 mm threaded steel bars are bundled into a cylindrical reinforcement cage by thin iron wires during manufacturing, two cylinder holes, namely the cylinder inlet (46), are oppositely arranged on the elliptic wall of the middle part of the cylinder, the upper surface of the bottom of the fish pond (50) is of an upwardly convex spherical shape, the lower surface of the bottom of the fish pond is of a downwardly convex spherical shape, the thickest part of the center between the upper surface and the lower surface is 20 cm, the thinnest part of the edge is 2 cm, the center of the bottom of the fish pond (50) is provided with a round hole with the diameter of 15-30 cm, a pillar cylinder cavity (52) is arranged in the round hole, namely the inner cavity of a pillar cylinder (44), and the pillar cylinder cavity (52) is communicated with the rainwater storage tank cavity (26) through a cylinder inlet (46); the pool side seam (47) is a hole formed between the pool wall (48) and the lateral edge of the pool bottom (50); the fishpond cavity (49) is a cavity defined by a fishpond bottom (50), a pond side seam (47) and a fishpond wall (48) and is also a part for directly communicating water in the rainwater storage tank cavity (26) with the outside.

2. The rainwater storage yard suitable for green and livable village and town construction according to claim 1, wherein: the Tang house (3) is a residential building in the north of the whole courtyard, all walls are arranged above the thick wall (28) of the rainwater storage tank, the ground in the house is a part of the top wall (51) of the rainwater storage tank, and a well cover is arranged on the ground in the west of the Tang house (3) and covers a well head; the cabinet (3) is composed of a ventilation window (20), a cabinet ridge (21), a cabinet roof (22), a door gallery (25), a cabinet window (29), a cabinet door (30) and a wall body layer (36) of a rain water storage tank thin wall (27), and all walls of the cabinet (3) are formed by the wall body layer (36) of the rain water storage tank thin wall (27); spaces for installing windows of the ventilation windows (20) are reserved on the walls on the two sides of the front of the chamber (3) so as to install the ventilation windows (20); a space for installing a hall door (30) is reserved on the wall in the center of the front of the hall (3); a porch (25) is arranged outside the hall door (30), and the porch (25) is a cuboid space formed by inwards recessing the wall in the center of the front surface of the hall (3) and used for people to move; the Tangle roof (22) is the top of the Tangle (3), the cross section of the Tangle roof is triangular, a Tangle roof ridge (21) is arranged at the top corner of the triangle, the Tangle roof (22) is built by precast slabs made of reinforced concrete, the length of each precast slab is 6-10 meters, the width of each precast slab is 0.8-1 meter, the thickness of each precast slab is 5-10 centimeters, and a buckle bulge is arranged at the upper edge of each relative purline.

3. The rainwater storage yard suitable for green and livable village and town construction according to claim 1, wherein: the building (15) is a part for communicating the whole courtyard with the outside, people and articles can freely enter and exit the courtyard at the building (15), an outer door (14) is arranged at the outer wall of the building (15), the outer door (14) is made of wood or metal and consists of a door frame, door leaves and door bolts, and the door frame is positioned at the upper side, the left side and the right side of the periphery of the outer door (14) and fixed on the outer wall of the building (15); the door leaf is movably connected with the hinge on the door frame by virtue of a door shaft on the door leaf, the door leaf comprises a left door leaf and a right door leaf, and the left door leaf and the right door leaf are bilaterally symmetrical along the middle of the outer door (14); the door bolt is a structure for connecting a left door leaf and a right door leaf together, and comprises a door lock and a bolt, wherein the door lock can lock the left door leaf and the right door leaf together from the outside, and the bolt can insert the left door leaf and the right door leaf into one piece from the inside; a toilet door (13) is further arranged on one door leaf of the outer door (14), the toilet door is smaller than the door leaf and is 1/5-1/4 of the door leaf, the toilet door is arranged at the left lower corner of the right door leaf close to the middle, one side edge of the toilet door is connected to the door leaf through a hinge or a movable rotating shaft, and the other side of the toilet door can be fixed with the door leaf through a bolt positioned on the inner surface of the toilet door; one side wall of the gateway (15) corresponding to the outer door (14) can be called a shadow door wall and is a supporting side wall of the gateway (15), the shadow door wall is of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall body is 25-38 cm, the height is 3-4 m, and patterns preferred by a master are arranged on the inner surface of the shadow door wall; the left side wall of the gate building (15) is shared with the wall of the kitchen (16), the left side wall of the gate building (15) is of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height is 3-4 m, the right side wall of the gate building (15) is also of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height is 3-4 m, and the wall is also a part of the whole courtyard enclosure; the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17) are partial rooms of the whole courtyard and are respectively used for cooking and washing, the wall structure is a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall is 25-38 cm, the height of the wall is 3-4 m, and the rear walls of the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17) are part of the enclosing wall of the whole courtyard; because the heights of the walls of the gateway (15), the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17) are the same, when the tops of the gateway (15), the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17) are built, a pouring mode is adopted, namely, a box with a preset shape is manufactured on the top of the wall by using a baffle plate, a reinforcement cage is paved in the box, then, premixed concrete is poured, and after the concrete is solidified, the tops of the gateway (15), the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17) can be manufactured; then, building a roof platform enclosure (32) at the periphery of the top of the gateway (15), the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17), wherein the height of the roof platform enclosure (32) is 30-50 cm, and holes with uniform intervals are arranged on the upper surfaces of the top of the gateway (15), the kitchen (16) and the washing room (17); the roof platform (19) is a space surrounded by the roof platform enclosure (32), and articles can be aired or leisure can be aired on the roof platform (19) at ordinary times; the roof platform (19) is provided with an opening at one side close to the chamber (3); ge Lao (31) is a space between the washing room (17) and the house (3), one side close to the washing room (17) is provided with a stair (18), the stair (18) is of a brick-concrete structure, the bottom of the stair is a bottom plate made of reinforced concrete, the upper part of the stair is composed of multiple steps, and the height of each step is the same and is 20 cm; the enclosing wall (2) is a wall body which is built on the periphery of the whole courtyard above the peripheral wall of the rainwater storage tank (1), the wall body structure of the enclosing wall (2) is a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the wall body is 25-38 cm, and the height of the wall body is 2-3 m.

4. The rainwater storage yard suitable for green and livable village and town construction according to claim 1, wherein: the toilets (10) are divided into two parts, namely male and female, are arranged at one corner of the outer side of the courtyard gate building (15), are 2-3 meters high and are the same as the fence (2), and the toilets (10) are provided with canopies; the fermentation tank (7) is a space communicated with the urinal below the toilet (10); the wall body of the toilet (10) and the wall of the fermentation tank (7) are both brick-concrete structures, the thickness of the wall body is 20-25 cm, and cement is smeared on the wall; the top of the fermentation tank (7) is provided with a reinforced concrete prefabricated plate structure, and the thickness of the prefabricated plate is 5-10 cm; a sewage draining channel (9) is arranged on the outer side of the front enclosing wall (2) of the courtyard, two side walls and a bottom wall of the sewage draining channel (9) are of a brick-concrete structure, the thickness of the brick-concrete structure is 20-25 cm, the height of the two side walls is 50-100 cm, the width of the bottom wall is 30-50 cm, and the height of the side walls from the toilet (10) to the outer door (14) is gradually increased; the blow-off pipe (8) is a round pipe, ceramic or concrete, which is communicated with the fermentation tank (7) and the blow-off channel (9), the diameter of the cross section of the pipe cavity is 15-20 cm, and the pipe cavity is positioned below the top plate of the blow-off channel (9); the sewage draining exit (11) is a channel between the sewage draining passage (9) and the sewer (12), is positioned at the lower part of the wall at the joint of the sewage draining passage (9) and the sewer (12), is square, has the width of 30-50 cm and the height of 10-20 cm; the sewer (12) is a channel for discharging sewage of the whole courtyard and adjacent domestic courtyards in the same alley, the cross section of the sewer is rectangular, the two side walls and the bottom wall of the sewer are of brick-concrete structures, the thickness of the sewer is 20-25 cm, the height of the two side walls is 100 plus one 150 cm, the width of the bottom wall is 30-50 cm, the height of the side wall of the sewer (12) is gradually increased from the courtyard at the rear part of the alley to the ditch at the front part of the alley; the top of the sewer (12) is provided with a sewer cover (23), the sewer cover (23) is a reinforced concrete prefabricated plate structure, and the length of the sewer cover (23) is 50-100 cm, the width of the sewer cover is 50-60 cm, and the thickness of the sewer cover is 10-20 cm; the sewer cavity (24) is an inner cavity of the sewer (12), and besides sewage and excrement are discharged, the sewer cavity (24) can be provided with cables, water pipes, gas pipes and the like for courtyards.