CN113174072B - 一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜及其制备方法、应用 - Google Patents
一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜及其制备方法、应用 Download PDFInfo
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- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- MTEZSDOQASFMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)[Si](OC)(OC)OC MTEZSDOQASFMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NVKGJHAQGWCWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical group FC(F)(F)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1C(F)(F)F NVKGJHAQGWCWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。本发明还公开了上述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:S1、将季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液依次与二胺单体、二酐单体混匀,在惰性气体氛围中反应得到聚酰胺酸溶液;S2、将聚酰胺酸溶液与二胺单体混匀,进行反应,然后加入硅烷偶联剂继续反应得到溶液A;S3、将溶液A与正硅酸乙酯混匀,静置得到溶液B;将溶液B涂覆于基板表面,消泡,亚胺化,冷却至室温,剥离得到隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。本发明还公开了上述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的应用。本发明透明且阻隔水氧的性能好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚酰亚胺技术领域,尤其涉及一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜及其制备方法、应用。
背景技术
随着人们对材料、器件结构研究的不断深入和器件制备工艺的不断进步,有机电致发光器件、液晶显示器等器件的柔性化、透明化成为了必然的发展趋势。聚酰亚胺具有突出的热稳定性和尺寸稳定性,以及良好的分子结构可设计性等特点,被认为是柔性有机电致发光器件衬底材料的最佳选择之一。
但是聚酰亚胺的阻隔性能相对较差,往往无法阻挡水对器件的阴极、有机发光等材料的侵蚀,这将显著降低有机电致发光器件、液晶显示器等器件的寿命,难以满足对器件内部结构的保护。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜及其制备方法、应用,本发明透明且阻隔水的性能好。
本发明提出了一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜中掺杂有3.5-4.5wt%季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉和6-7wt%纳米二氧化硅。
上述季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉中的季铵盐可以为十六烷基三甲基溴化铵等长碳链季铵盐。
优选地,聚酰亚胺由二酐单体和二胺单体反应制得。
优选地,合成透明聚酰亚胺的二酐单体为4,4'-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐、1,2,3,4-环丁烷四羧酸二酐、1,2,4,5-环戊烷四羧酸二酐、1,2,4,5-环己烷四羧酸二酐中的至少一种。
优选地,合成透明聚酰亚胺的二胺单体为4,4'-二氨基二苯醚、2,2'-双(三氟甲基)-4,4'-二氨基联苯、1,4-双(2'-三氟甲基-4'-氨基苯氧基)苯、4,4'-二氨基二环己基甲烷中的至少一种。
本发明还提出了上述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液依次与二胺单体、二酐单体混匀,在惰性气体氛围中反应得到聚酰胺酸溶液;
S2、将聚酰胺酸溶液与二胺单体混匀,进行反应,然后加入硅烷偶联剂继续反应得到溶液A;
S3、将溶液A与正硅酸乙酯混匀,静置得到溶液B;将溶液B涂覆于基板表面,消泡,亚胺化,冷却至室温,剥离得到隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。
优选地,在S1中,改性纳米云母粉分散液的溶剂的含水量≤0.1wt%。
优选地,在S1中,改性纳米云母粉分散液的溶剂为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基亚砜中的至少一种。
优选地,在S1中,二胺单体和二酐单体的摩尔数相同。
优选地,在S1中,反应温度为室温,反应时间为3-4h。
优选地,在S2中,硅烷偶联剂为含有环氧基团的硅烷偶联剂。
上述含有环氧基团的硅烷偶联剂可以为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油醚氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷等。
优选地,在S2中,二胺单体和二酐单体的摩尔比为0.04-0.06:1。
优选地,在S2中,二胺单体和硅烷偶联剂的1:1.9-2.1。
优选地,在S2中,反应温度为室温。
优选地,在S2中,反应1-1.5h,然后加入硅烷偶联剂继续反应1.5-2h得到溶液A。
优选地,在S3中,静置≥30h。
优选地,在S3中,亚胺化程序为:分别于80-90℃、120-140℃、180-190℃、240-250℃和300-310℃保温0.5-1.5h。
上述S3中,溶液A与正硅酸乙酯的搅拌时间至少为20h,以使其混匀。
本发明还公开了上述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜在柔性显示器中的应用。
在柔性显示器中,本发明所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜可作为柔性基板等器件使用。
有益效果:
1.本发明选用季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉与二酐单体、二胺单体原位插层聚合,提高聚酰亚胺的水汽阻隔性能。
2.本发明调节二胺单体和二酐单体比例得到含有端氨基的聚酰胺酸,然后与含有环氧基团的硅烷偶联剂反应,在聚酰胺酸中接枝上硅烷偶联剂(即溶液A),改善其与正硅酸乙酯的相容性,利用溶剂中含有的少量水和亚胺化过程中释放的水使得正硅酸乙酯水解成颗粒均匀且粒径较小(≤30nm)的纳米二氧化硅,并通过硅烷偶联剂使得纳米二氧化硅与聚酰胺酸连接在一起,并包覆纳米二氧化硅,避免纳米二氧化硅团聚,纳米二氧化硅与季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉相互配合大幅提高薄膜阻隔水汽的性能。
3.均匀分布的纳米二氧化硅和纳米云母粉,同时使得薄膜保持了良好的透明性能,并且保持较好的韧性、强度,使其适合作为柔性基板等器件使用;选用含氟、含酯环结构的二胺、二酐单体,也可以提高薄膜的透明性能;氟元素还可以提高薄膜隔水性能。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜中掺杂有3.5wt%季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉和6wt%纳米二氧化硅。
上述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将2.5g季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉加入500mlN,N-二甲基乙酰胺(含水量≤0.1wt%)超声30min分散均匀得到季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液;向季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液中加入0.1mol4,4'-二氨基二苯醚溶解后,通入氮气,再分3次加入4,4'-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐(共0.1mol)溶解,然后室温搅拌反应3h得到聚酰胺酸溶液;
S2、向聚酰胺酸溶液中加入0.004mol4,4'-二氨基二苯醚混匀,室温搅拌反应1h,然后加入0.0076molγ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷继续搅拌反应1.5h得到溶液A;
S3、向溶液A中加入14.93g正硅酸乙酯搅拌24h混匀,然后静置36h得到溶液B;将溶液B涂覆于基板表面,消泡,再分别于80-90℃、120-140℃、180-190℃、240-250℃、300-310℃保温0.5h,然后冷却至室温,剥离得到隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。
实施例2
一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜中掺杂有4.5wt%季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉和7wt%纳米二氧化硅。
上述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将3.42g季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉加入500mlN,N-二甲基乙酰胺(含水量≤0.1wt%)超声30min分散均匀得到季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液;向季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液中加入0.1mol4,4'-二氨基二环己基甲烷溶解后,通入氮气,再分3次加入4,4'-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐(共0.1mol)溶解,然后室温搅拌反应4h得到聚酰胺酸溶液;
S2、向聚酰胺酸溶液中加入0.006mol4,4'-二氨基二环己基甲烷混匀,室温搅拌反应1.5h,然后加入0.0126molγ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷继续搅拌反应2h得到溶液A;
S3、向溶液A中加入18.4g正硅酸乙酯搅拌24h混匀,然后静置32h得到溶液B;将溶液B涂覆于基板表面,消泡,再分别于80-90℃、120-140℃、180-190℃、240-250℃、300-310℃保温1.5h,然后冷却至室温,剥离得到隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。
实施例3
一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜中掺杂有4wt%季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉和6.5wt%纳米二氧化硅。
上述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将2.5g季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉加入500mlN,N-二甲基乙酰胺(含水量≤0.1wt%)超声30min分散均匀得到季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液;向季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液中加入0.1mol2,2'-双(三氟甲基)-4,4'-二氨基联苯溶解后,通入氮气,再分3次加入1,2,4,5-环己烷四羧酸二酐(共0.1mol)溶解,然后室温搅拌反应3.5h得到聚酰胺酸溶液;
S2、向聚酰胺酸溶液中加入0.005mol2,2'-双(三氟甲基)-4,4'-二氨基联苯混匀,室温搅拌反应1h,然后加入0.01molγ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷继续搅拌反应2h得到溶液A;
S3、向溶液A中加入14.13g正硅酸乙酯搅拌24h混匀,然后静置36h得到溶液B;将溶液B涂覆于基板表面,消泡,再分别于80-90℃、120-140℃、180-190℃、240-250℃、300-310℃保温1h,然后冷却至室温,剥离得到隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。
对比例1
一种透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
向500mlN,N-二甲基乙酰胺(含水量≤0.1wt%)中加入0.1mol2,2'-双(三氟甲基)-4,4'-二氨基联苯溶解后,通入氮气,再分3次加入1,2,4,5-环己烷四羧酸二酐(共0.1mol)溶解,然后室温搅拌反应3.5h得到聚酰胺酸溶液;
将聚酰胺酸溶液涂覆于基板表面,消泡,再分别于80-90℃、120-140℃、180-190℃、240-250℃、300-310℃保温1h,然后冷却至室温,剥离得到透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。
对比例2
一种透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将2.5g季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉加入500mlN,N-二甲基乙酰胺(含水量≤0.1wt%)超声30min分散均匀得到季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液;向季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液中加入0.1mol2,2'-双(三氟甲基)-4,4'-二氨基联苯溶解后,通入氮气,再分3次加入1,2,4,5-环己烷四羧酸二酐(共0.1mol)溶解,然后室温搅拌反应3.5h得到聚酰胺酸溶液;
将聚酰胺酸溶液涂覆于基板表面,消泡,再分别于80-90℃、120-140℃、180-190℃、240-250℃、300-310℃保温1h,然后冷却至室温,剥离得到透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。
对比例3
一种透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
向500mlN,N-二甲基乙酰胺(含水量≤0.1wt%)中加入0.1mol2,2'-双(三氟甲基)-4,4'-二氨基联苯溶解后,通入氮气,再分3次加入1,2,4,5-环己烷四羧酸二酐(共0.1mol)溶解,然后室温搅拌反应3.5h得到聚酰胺酸溶液;
向聚酰胺酸溶液中加入14.13g正硅酸乙酯搅拌24h混匀,然后静置36h得到溶液B;将溶液B涂覆于基板表面,消泡,再分别于80-90℃、120-140℃、180-190℃、240-250℃、300-310℃保温1h,然后冷却至室温,剥离得到透明聚酰亚胺薄膜。
取实施例1-3和对比例1-3制得薄膜,进行性能检测,结果如表1所示。
参照ASTMF-1249,检测薄膜的水蒸气透过率,测试面积为5cm2,相对湿度为90%。
取长度为5mm,厚度为20μm的薄膜,在室温下以2mm/min的拉伸速率,用万能实验机进行断裂强度和断裂伸长率的检测。
表1检测结果
由上表可以看出,本发明具有良好的阻隔水汽性能、机械性能和透明性。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (14)
1.一种隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜中掺杂有3.5-4.5wt%季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉和6-7wt%纳米二氧化硅;
其中,所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将季铵盐插层改性纳米云母粉分散液依次与二胺单体、二酐单体混匀,在惰性气体氛围中反应得到聚酰胺酸溶液;
S2、将聚酰胺酸溶液与二胺单体混匀,进行反应,然后加入硅烷偶联剂继续反应得到溶液A;
S3、将溶液A与正硅酸乙酯混匀,静置得到溶液B;将溶液B涂覆于基板表面,消泡,亚胺化,冷却至室温,剥离得到隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜;
在S2中,硅烷偶联剂为含有环氧基团的硅烷偶联剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,合成透明聚酰亚胺的二酐单体为4,4'-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐、1,2,3,4-环丁烷四羧酸二酐、1,2,4,5-环戊烷四羧酸二酐、1,2,4,5-环己烷四羧酸二酐中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,合成透明聚酰亚胺的二胺单体为4,4'-二氨基二苯醚、2,2'-双(三氟甲基)-4,4'-二氨基联苯、1,4-双(2'-三氟甲基-4'-氨基苯氧基)苯、4,4'-二氨基二环己基甲烷中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S1中,改性纳米云母粉分散液的溶剂的含水量≤0.1wt%。
5.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S1中,改性纳米云母粉分散液的溶剂为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基亚砜中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S1中,二胺单体和二酐单体的摩尔数相同。
7.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S1中,反应温度为室温,反应时间为3-4h。
8.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,S2中的二胺单体和S1中的二酐单体的摩尔比为0.04-0.06:1。
9.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S2中,二胺单体和硅烷偶联剂的摩尔比为1:1.9-2.1。
10.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S2中,反应温度为室温。
11.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S2中,反应1-1.5h,然后加入硅烷偶联剂继续反应1.5-2h得到溶液A。
12.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S3中,静置≥30h。
13.根据权利要求1所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜,其特征在于,在S3中,亚胺化程序为:分别于80-90℃、120-140℃、180-190℃、240-250℃和300-310℃保温0.5-1.5h。
14.一种如权利要求1-13任一项所述隔水透明聚酰亚胺薄膜在柔性显示器中的应用。
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