CN113170718A - Embedded pipe network device and method suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil - Google Patents
Embedded pipe network device and method suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil, which comprises a pipe array network system and is characterized in that the pipe array network system comprises universal heads and pipes, the pipes are arranged into cavities, reserved holes are formed in the surfaces of the pipes, pleated protrusions and spiral crease portions are arranged on the pipes, ten universal head interfaces are uniformly distributed on the universal heads and used for connecting the pipes, vegetation can normally grow, develop and propagate in the soil environment difficult to live, root systems are stimulated to proliferate along the pre-embedded network system and expand to the soil outside the pipes through the pipe walls, so that the vegetation on the ground is gradually recovered, and finally the degraded soil is gradually recovered to a good and sustainable state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological system restoration, in particular to an embedded pipe network device and an embedded pipe network method suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil.
Background
In nature, plants are subjected to flowering, pollination, and fertilization to form seeds. Plant seeds fall into soil through vectors such as entomophily, wind vector, hydropathic medium and the like, under proper external conditions, the seeds germinate, and the embryos are developed into embryos and radicles through cell division, and the seedlings grow out through breaking the soil by utilizing the nutrition provided by endosperm to form stems, branches, leaves and complex root systems, so that plants are formed. The plants undergo photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is continuously absorbed from the air, water and nutrients are absorbed from the soil, and the nutrition reproduction is completed. After the plant is grown, the plant enters a reproductive propagation stage, on one hand, a new cycle of life process is carried out by spreading seeds through flowering and fruiting, and on the other hand, a filial generation propagation process can be completed through root tillering.
In the soil, a complex root system network system can be formed in the process of plant development and life history, the natural branching capability of the vertical root system is lower when the root system is in the early development stage, and meanwhile, most new roots are grown, and the roots are less germinated and absorbed. The horizontal root system is opposite, showing stronger branching and easy to induce root absorption. In the later development stage, the difference is more obvious: the re-emergence ability of the vertical root is greatly reduced, and the horizontal root has continuous branching ability under the human intervention as long as the overground part grows normally. The horizontal root system is further divided into surface layer roots and deep layer roots by taking 30 cm below the surface soil as a boundary. In spring rainy season, the soil layer in 30 cm of surface soil is a root system active layer; at high temperature, dry autumn and winter and cold season, the active layer of the root system is transferred to a deep soil layer below 30 cm.
Branching of plants such as gramineae occurs below or near the ground surface and occurs at tillering nodes which are relatively large and store abundant nutrients. The primary tillering is directly emitted from the tillering node of the main stem base part, and the primary tillering base part can generate new tillering buds and adventitious roots to form secondary tillering. Under good conditions, third-stage and fourth-stage tillers can be formed. The plant root system needs soil to provide nutrients and water for the plant root system to grow, and the soil serves as a medium for stretching and fixing the plant root system. Hardened degraded soil can not normally play a role, and nutrients in the soil can not be stored and supplied. In hardened soil, the plant root system can not normally tillere and root to obtain nutrients.
With the acceleration of the social industrialization process and the influence of excessive fertilizer application, the soil hardening phenomenon is increasingly serious. The soil hardening refers to the phenomenon that the surface of soil is poor in structure due to lack of organic matters, the structure is damaged and the soil is dispersed under the action of irrigation, rainfall and other external factors, and the surface of the soil is hardened under the action of cohesive force after drying. The concrete expression is that the porosity of the soil is reduced, the permeability is poor, the activity of aerobic microorganisms in the soil is inhibited, the decomposition of organic matters is delayed, and the physicochemical property is deteriorated.
The soil hardening causes poor permeability and the ground temperature is reduced, so that the activity of aerobic microorganisms in the soil is inhibited, the water, gas and heat conditions cannot be well coordinated, and the fertilizer supply, fertilizer retention and water retention capacities are weak. The soil fertility gradually declines, and the soil fertility is reduced along with the decline, which can not meet the growth and development of vegetation such as crops and the like well.
Currently, the main factors of soil hardening can be divided into seven aspects:
1. the farmland soil is sticky and heavy, and the cultivated layer is shallow. The clay has more clay content, the plough layer is less than 20cm on average, capillary pores in soil are less, and the air permeability, water permeability and temperature rise are poor. After rain, the soil aggregate structure is damaged, and the soil surface layer is skinned;
2. the organic material input is less. The organic fertilizer is not applied, so that the organic substances in the soil are not sufficiently supplemented, the content of organic matters in the soil is low, and the physicochemical properties are poor. The activity of microorganisms is influenced, and further the formation of soil aggregate structure is influenced, so that the acid-base property of the soil is too high or too low, and the soil is hardened.
3. Plastic waste pollution. Mulching films, plastic bags and the like are not cleaned up and cannot be completely decomposed in soil to form harmful blocks. Most of the waste plastics entering the landfill site along with the domestic garbage in China are plastic bag garbage, and the waste plastics are not easy to degrade when applied to soil, so that hardening is caused.
4. The fertilizer is applied singly for a long time. The heavy deficiency of farmyard manure, the heavy nitrogen light phosphorus potassium fertilizer, the reduction of soil organic matter, the failure of humus to be supplemented in time, cause soil hardening and cracking. The soil is easy to harden after long-term application of ammonium sulfate.
5. Agro-farming measures such as compacting and plowing lead to the destruction of the upper soil structure. Due to the influence of mechanical cultivation, the soil granular structure is damaged, and only part of fertilizer applied to the soil every year is absorbed and utilized by crops in the current season, and the rest of fertilizer is fixed by the soil, so that a large amount of acid salt is deposited, and the soil is hardened.
6. Accumulation of harmful substances. The toxic substance content in part of local underground water and industrial wastewater is high, and the surface soil is hardened due to excessive accumulation of toxic substances by long-term irrigation.
7. Rainstorm causes water and soil loss. After rainstorm, fine soil particles in the surface soil layer are taken away, so that the soil structure is damaged; and the sticky particles and small particles are easy to form hardening after being precipitated and dried in water accumulation places or flow slow places.
The existing technical measures for treating the soil hardening problem are mainly classified into three types: deep ploughing, changing fertilizer application and returning straws to the field. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. and applying organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer is additionally applied, so that the soil structure can be improved, the performances of soil fertilizer retention, ventilation and temperature regulation are enhanced, the organic matter content of the soil can be increased, the soil fertilizer storage performance and the acid and alkali buffer capacity are enhanced, and the soil is prevented from hardening.
2. And (5) moderately deep ploughing. The large tractor is used for deep scarification and soil preparation, when the deep scarification depth reaches more than 30 cm, the plough bottom layer can be broken, the plough layer structure is improved, and therefore soil hardening is prevented.
3. Returning the straws to the field. The crop straws are an important organic fertilizer source, and the straw crushing and returning can improve the organic matter content of the soil, increase the soil porosity, coordinate the water, fertilizer, gas and heat in the soil, create a good environment for the microbial activity of the soil, and is beneficial to the decomposition and softening of the organic matter and the improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
By implementing the technical method, the soil hardening condition can be improved, but the soil is treated by the three methods, the surface soil hardening problem can be solved only in a short time, and the problems of long time consumption and large investment are caused. In addition, hardened soil which needs to be treated in some areas cannot be used for cultivation land in a short time. In this case, the above three conventional methods have problems of high investment and high cost.
The ideal technology for treating the soil hardening has the overall requirements of treating both principal and secondary aspects of diseases, being ecological and environment-friendly, low in cost and low in energy consumption. In hardened soil, plants can not root and survive and develop the root system, if an expansion space can be reserved for root penetration, growth and development of the plant root system, a vegetation system can be restored through sufficient growth of the plant root system, so that development and luxuriance of the vegetation root system are promoted, loose hardened soil is loosened by natural force of growth and development of the plant root system, self-restoration capability of an ecological system is stimulated, and various defects and deficiencies of the existing technology for treating the soil hardening problem can be solved.
In conclusion, in the existing various technologies for treating soil degradation, soil hardening and vegetation degradation, a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are needed, if a natural ecosystem can be used for realizing the aims of vegetation recovery and soil structure restoration by virtue of the germination process of plants in the ecosystem and the occurrence development and forward succession process of plant communities through a small number of prefabricated projects, the method has great social service significance and value, and can provide good help for future ecological civilization construction of human beings.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the existing problems, the invention aims to provide an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil and a method thereof, and solves the problems of long time and large investment in the existing method for treating hardened soil.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a pre-buried pipe network device suitable for hardened and degraded soil of improvement, is including being provided with pipeline array network system, wherein, pipeline array network system includes universal head and pipeline, the pipeline sets up to the cavity, pipeline surface is provided with the reservation hole, be provided with plait form jut and spiral crease portion on the pipeline, the outer edge of reserving the hole is provided with evenly distributed's cutting line, spiral crease portion evenly distributed has intensive screw thread, can be provided with nutritive substance and porous material in the inner chamber of pipeline, ten universal head interfaces of evenly distributed on the universal head, universal head interface is used for connecting the pipeline.
The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil is characterized in that eight convex column structures are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the pipe wall of the pleated protrusion part every week, and pleated protrusion side faces are respectively arranged on two sides of each convex column structure.
The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil is characterized in that the upper surface and the lower surface of the convex column-shaped structure are provided with fold-shaped protrusion upper and lower non-closed openings, and the convex column-shaped structure is compressed towards the axis direction of the pipeline, so that the pipeline can be a smooth cylinder.
The pre-buried pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil is characterized in that the reserved holes are uniformly distributed on the convex column-shaped structures.
The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil is characterized in that dense threads with the directions inclined by 45 degrees are uniformly distributed on the spiral crease line part.
An application method of an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil comprises the following steps:
firstly, drilling holes in the surface layer of soil by using a drilling tool such as a soil drill, wherein the hole diameter of the holes is larger than that of a jade pipe, laying the pipeline in a traction and pipe jacking mode, and designing spiral crease parts of the pipeline in the process is helpful for a rotary pre-embedding process in a hollow hole;
secondly, the pleated jut forms the column structure, will the pipeline passes through universal head connects, makes the pipeline extends to all directions, the space is fixed through soil between pipeline outer wall and the soil, erects through continuous connection, constructs a network structure who regularly distributes under the soil horizon, provides the support for plant root system is constantly growing in the soil that hardens.
Finally, place plant seeds in the universal head that exposes in soil surface, the plant roots of seed is followed the pipeline inner chamber grows, the pipeline intussuseption is filled with substrates such as porous matrix and fertilizer, for root system growth provides sufficient nutrient, plant roots fully grows, the diameter is constantly thickened, the fold on the buried pipe wall is propped open, for plant roots provides more sufficient growth space, the side root passes through the pipeline pipe wall with the hole on the plait-like jut outwards grows, contacts with soil that hardens, plays loose soil matter, the effect of improvement soil, universal head with the hole that the pipeline has not used can supply plant roots to grow, for the more convenient condition of existence such as insect, microorganism, plant roots constantly grows, from in the pipeline grows to the soil that hardens outside the pipe, through root system self-action, constantly loosens the soil, under the long-time action, the effect of improving hardened soil is finally realized.
The invention provides an embedded pipe network device and a method thereof suitable for improving hardened degraded soil, which can ensure that vegetation can normally grow, develop and propagate in soil environment difficult to live, stimulate root systems to proliferate along the inside of a pipe along a pre-embedded network system, and simultaneously expand to soil outside the pipe through the pipe wall, thereby gradually recovering the vegetation on the ground and finally gradually recovering the degraded soil to a good and sustainable state.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a pipeline structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fold part structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a corrugated part of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a universal head structure in the embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an overall effect diagram of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil and a method thereof, and the invention is further described in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil. Fig. 2 is a top view of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a pipeline structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fold part structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a corrugated part of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil. Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a universal head structure in the embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil according to the present invention. Fig. 8 is an overall effect diagram of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil.
As shown in the figures, the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil of the present invention includes a pipe array network system 100, a universal head 101, a pipe 102, a reserved hole 103, a pleated protrusion 104, a spiral crease 105, a convex column structure 106, a pleated protrusion side surface 107, a pleated protrusion upper and lower non-closed opening 108, and a universal head joint 109.
The pipeline array network system 100 comprises a universal head 101 and a pipeline 102, the pipeline 102 is a cavity, the surface of the pipeline 102 is provided with reserved holes 103, the pipeline 102 is provided with a pleated protrusion 104 and a spiral crease 105, the periphery of the pipe wall of the pleated protrusion 104 is uniformly distributed with eight convex column structures 106 every week, two sides of each convex column structure 106 are respectively provided with pleated protrusion side surfaces 107, the upper and lower surfaces of each convex column structure 106 are provided with pleated protrusion upper and lower non-closed openings 108, the convex column structures 106 compress the axis direction of the pipeline 102 to enable the pipeline 102 to be a smooth cylinder, the reserved holes 103 are densely distributed on the pipeline 102 and the convex column structures 106, the outer edges of the reserved holes 103 are provided with uniformly distributed cutting lines to provide sufficient space for the plant lateral roots to grow into a soil layer from the inside the pipe, the spiral crease 105 is uniformly distributed with intensive threads with the directions inclined by 45 degrees, and the pipeline 102 can be placed in the hole through rotation by utilizing the design of the threads, so that manpower and material resources are saved, and the loss of the pipe 102 is reduced. Nutrient substances and porous materials can be arranged in the inner cavity of the pipeline 102, ten universal head interfaces 109 are uniformly distributed on the universal head 101, the universal head interfaces 109 are used for being connected with the pipeline 102, and the structural design can meet the connection at any angle, so that the pipeline array network system 100 is formed in soil.
The invention discloses a method for pre-burying a pipe network device for improving hardened degraded soil, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, a hole is punched on the surface layer of soil by using a drilling tool such as a soil drill, the hole diameter of the punched hole is larger than the hole diameter of a jade pipe, the pipeline is laid in a traction and pipe jacking mode, and in the process, the spiral crease portion of the pipeline 102 is designed to facilitate the rotary pre-embedding process in a hollow hole.
Secondly, the pleated protrusions 104 form a columnar structure, the pipelines 102 are connected through the universal heads 101, the pipelines 102 extend in all directions, gaps between the outer walls of the pipelines 102 and soil are fixed through the soil, and a mesh structure regularly distributed under a soil layer is constructed through continuous connection and erection, so that support is provided for continuous growth of plant roots in hardened soil.
Finally, plant seeds are placed in universal heads exposed on the surface of the soil, the seeds germinate and grow under the action of environmental factors such as moisture, sunlight, air and soil nutrients, plant root systems grow along the inner cavity of the pipeline 102, substrates such as porous matrix and fertilizer are filled in the pipeline 102, and sufficient nutrients are provided for the growth of the root systems. Plant roots fully grows, and the diameter is constantly thickened, and the fold on the pre-buried pipe wall is propped open, for plant roots provides more sufficient growth space, and the side root passes through pipeline 102 pipe wall with the hole on the fold-shaped protruding portion 104 outwards grows, contacts with hardened soil, plays loose soil property, improves the effect of soil. The holes of the universal head 101 and the pipe 102 which are not used yet can be used for plant root growth, and more convenient conditions are provided for the survival of insects, microorganisms and the like. The plant roots grow continuously, grow from the inside of the pipeline 102 to soil hardened outside the pipeline, continuously loosen soil through the action of the roots, and finally realize the function of improving the soil hardened under the action of a long time.
The invention is suitable for the embedded pipe network device and the method for improving the hardened degraded soil, and has the following advantages:
firstly, the pipeline 102 is pre-buried, and a reserved root development pipeline network system is constructed by taking the universal head 101 as a central node. The network structure who forms in the soil horizon provides the space for plant roots's growth, can satisfy plant roots and carry out the demand of abundant growth to all directions, through recovering the vegetation, not hard up soil solves the soil degradation problem of hardening.
Secondly, the pipeline 102 is a cavity pipeline with a porous surface, the pipeline 102 is made of recycled plastic materials through secondary processing, is moisture-resistant and corrosion-resistant, can be kept in soil for a long time, cannot cause harm to the soil environment, and finally can be mineralized and decomposed to enter the soil substance circulation process due to the main high-molecular carbon chain structure. The space in the tube is used for the growth of the main root and the lateral root, and provides living space for insects and microorganisms. Nutrient substances or other porous substrates can be added into the pipeline to provide nutrients and support space for the growth of plant roots.
Thirdly, holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the pipe wall of the pipeline 102, and gaps are uniformly distributed on the outer edges of the holes. The densely distributed cavities can be used for the lateral roots to fully grow and extend and enter the soil. After the lateral roots grow to a certain diameter, the gaps on the outer edges of the holes can provide enough space for the continuous growth of the lateral roots.
Fourthly, eight convex column structures 106 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the pipeline 102 every circumference, creases are arranged on two sides of each convex column structure 106, and the pipeline 102 can be folded to form a column interface and is connected with the universal head interface 109. The design of the folding pleated structure ensures that the connection mode is more economical and the cost is low, and simultaneously, the contact area between the plant root system and the soil surface is greatly increased.
Fifth, the spiral fold 105 is provided between the pleated protrusions 104. The pleated protrusion 104 and the spiral fold 105 are connected in a staggered manner, so that the requirements of folding and reducing storage during pipeline transportation and fine adjustment of direction and bending during pipeline erection are met. The extension of the spiral fold 105 to various orientations is facilitated by rotating the pipe.
Sixthly, the universal head 101 enables the pipelines 102 to have various connection modes, the applicability is wide, the limitation of terrain is small, 10 connection holes uniformly distributed on the universal head 101 can be used for connecting and combining the pipelines 102 in all directions, and multi-directional selection is provided for erecting an embedded pipe network.
Seventhly, the universal head 101 is provided with a pentagonal hole, and the non-smooth design is beneficial to the development and penetration of plant root hairs. The reserved uneven cavity still has a large gap after the fibrous root passes through, and other fibrous roots still can find a space in the gap and then pass through, so that the permeability of the fibrous root in the cavity is increased.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a pre-buried pipe network device suitable for hardened and degraded soil of improvement, is including being provided with pipeline array network system, a serial communication port, pipeline array network system includes universal head and pipeline, the pipeline sets up to the cavity, pipeline surface is provided with the reservation hole, be provided with plait form jut and spiral crease portion on the pipeline, the outer edge of reserving the hole is provided with evenly distributed's cutting line, spiral crease portion evenly distributed has intensive screw thread, can be provided with nutrient substance and porous material in the inner chamber of pipeline, ten universal head interfaces of evenly distributed on the universal head, universal head interface is used for connecting the pipeline.
2. The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to claim 1, wherein eight convex column structures are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the pipe wall of the pleated protrusion part every week, and pleated protrusion side surfaces are respectively arranged on two sides of each convex column structure.
3. The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the convex cylindrical structure are provided with open top and bottom non-closed pleated protrusions, and the convex cylindrical structure is compressed towards the axis direction of the pipeline, so that the pipeline can be a smooth cylinder.
4. The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to claim 3, wherein the preformed holes are uniformly distributed on the convex cylindrical structure.
5. The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to claim 4, wherein the dense threads with 45-degree inclined directions are uniformly distributed on the spiral crease part.
6. An application method of an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, drilling holes in the surface layer of soil by using a drilling tool such as a soil drill, wherein the hole diameter of the holes is larger than that of a jade pipe, laying the pipeline in a traction and pipe jacking mode, and designing spiral crease parts of the pipeline in the process is helpful for a rotary pre-embedding process in a hollow hole;
secondly, the pleated jut forms the column structure, will the pipeline passes through universal head connects, makes the pipeline extends to all directions, the space is fixed through soil between pipeline outer wall and the soil, erects through continuous connection, constructs a network structure who regularly distributes under the soil horizon, provides the support for plant root system is constantly growing in the soil that hardens.
Finally, place plant seeds in the universal head that exposes in soil surface, the plant roots of seed is followed the pipeline inner chamber grows, the pipeline intussuseption is filled with substrates such as porous matrix and fertilizer, for root system growth provides sufficient nutrient, plant roots fully grows, and the diameter is constantly thickened, and the fold on the buried pipe wall of embedded pipe is propped open, provides more sufficient growth space for plant roots, and the side root passes through the pipeline pipe wall with the hole on the plait-like jut outwards grows, contacts with soil that hardens, plays loose soil property, improves the effect of soil, universal head with the hole that the pipeline has not used yet can supply plant roots to grow, for the more convenient condition of existence such as insect, microorganism, plant roots constantly grows, from in the pipeline grows to the soil that hardens outside the pipe, through root system self-action, constantly loose soil property, under the long-time action, the effect of improving hardened soil is finally realized.
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