CN111886959A - Ecological greening method for steep slope of mine - Google Patents
Ecological greening method for steep slope of mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111886959A CN111886959A CN202010786087.5A CN202010786087A CN111886959A CN 111886959 A CN111886959 A CN 111886959A CN 202010786087 A CN202010786087 A CN 202010786087A CN 111886959 A CN111886959 A CN 111886959A
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- planting
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- soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
- A01G9/023—Multi-tiered planters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological greening method for a steep slope of a mine, which comprises the following steps: trimming the loosened and protruded soil body to realize the effect of clearing the slope; chiseling a planting hole on the slope, wherein the planting hole is in a convex shape; hanging a net on the slope surface between the planting holes, and fixing the net by using an anchor rod after hanging the net; arranging a cylinder with holes in the axial direction of the planting hole, filling garden soil into the planting hole, and filling nutrient media into the cylinder with holes; cement pouring is carried out on the planting holes filled with the garden soil, and sowing holes are reserved on the cement pouring layer; and sowing Hexi chrysanthemum in the planting hole through the sowing hole, watering the Hexi chrysanthemum for enough water, and covering the soil. After the ecological greening method is used for construction, the side slope is stable, landslide and collapse phenomena do not occur within two years after construction, the passenger soil in the pit hole is kept complete, rain wash and loss phenomena do not occur, the plant coverage rate of the side slope is high, plants grow vigorous, and the landscape effect is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of slope greening, and particularly relates to an ecological greening method for a steep slope surface of a mine.
Background
The slope re-greening is an ecological slope protection mode which adopts plant seeds, nursery stocks and the like to be planted on the slope of structures such as mines, river banks and the like to play roles of protecting the slope stability and beautifying the environment, and is combined with the traditional civil engineering slope protection (reinforcing steel bar anchor rod support, net hanging, lattice and the like), so that the ecological vegetation recovery and protection of the slope can be effectively realized, the slope re-greening not only has the function of keeping water and soil, but also can improve the ecological environment landscape and improve the ecological vegetation recovery level. Infrastructure construction and mine resource development form a large number of exposed slopes, and the exposed slopes not only influence ecological environment landscape, but also have geological disaster hidden dangers to influence the safety and stability of main greening engineering, so slope greening is urgently needed to be developed.
The fish scale pit greening technology is a common greening method, nursery stocks are planted in half-moon-shaped pit holes, the efficiency of preventing water and soil loss is achieved, construction is flexible, soil moving amount is small, labor is saved, and cost is low. The method can be applied to areas with relatively small rainfall, and especially the fishscale pits in the areas with thin covering layers of the fourth series of surface layers are favorable for collecting natural rainfall. However, the method is more suitable for greening the side slope with a gentle slope, the surface and the bottom of the pit lack adaptability change, the seedling root system in the early stage of growth is not developed, the requirement on the soil space is small, the requirement on the soil space is increased along with the growth and the growth of the seedling root system, and meanwhile, the amount of the foreign soil filled in the pit of the mine area is small, so that the growth and the development of the seedling are not facilitated. In order to provide a sufficient soil environment, a large pit needs to be dug, the soil moving amount is large, and the cost is high.
The inventor discovers that the convex-shaped pit holes are adopted for slope greening construction, so that the construction soil moving amount can be reduced, the method can adapt to the growth and development of seedlings, and is particularly beneficial to the formation of a huge network structure of seedling roots in the later growth stage, and the water and fertilizer absorption capacity is improved. In addition, the perforated cylinder filled with the nutrient medium is arranged in the planting pit, so that the nutrition in the planting pit is slowly supplied to the nursery stock, the waste caused by excess nutrition in the early stage is avoided, the water and fertilizer can be poured and applied through the cylinder, the loss in the water and fertilizer application process is greatly reduced, the water and fertilizer resources are saved, and meanwhile, the cement pouring is carried out on the pit opening, so that the filled foreign soil is prevented from being washed by rainwater.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an ecological greening method for a steep slope of a mine.
The invention provides an ecological greening method for a steep slope of a mine, which comprises the following steps:
clearing the slope surface: trimming loose and protruding soil bodies;
making planting holes: chiseling a planting hole on the slope, wherein the planting hole is in a convex shape;
hanging a net on a slope surface: hanging a net on the slope surface between the planting holes, and fixing the net by using an anchor rod after hanging the net;
filling planting holes: arranging a cylinder with holes in the axial direction of the planting hole, filling garden soil into the planting hole, and filling nutrient media into the cylinder with holes;
pouring a planting hole: cement pouring is carried out on the planting holes filled with the garden soil, and sowing holes are reserved on the cement pouring layer;
planting vegetation: and sowing Hexi chrysanthemum in the planting hole through the sowing hole, watering the Hexi chrysanthemum for enough water, and covering the soil.
Preferably, the depth of the planting hole is 60-100cm, and the diameter is 100-120 cm.
Preferably, the slope distance between the planting holes is 100-120 cm.
Preferably, the cylinder with the hole extends to 10-20cm outside the planting hole.
Preferably, the thickness of the cement pouring layer is 3-5cm, and the diameter of the seeding hole is 20-30 cm.
Preferably, the nutrient medium comprises biochar and additive ingredients dispersed in the biochar, and the additive ingredients comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of humus, 30-60 parts of mushroom residues, 50-80 parts of peat soil and 20-30 parts of acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked substance colloid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the side slope re-greening is carried out by adopting the convex planting holes, the hole can meet the requirements of seedling root systems in different growth periods on soil space, the deep soil is mainly used in the early growth period of the seedlings, so that the narrow and tight hole openings are favorable for promoting the deep growth of the root systems to the soil layer, and the net structure with the stability characteristic is mainly used in the later growth period of the seedlings for increasing the number of the root systems and forming the net structure, so that the wide and big hole bottom can promote the root systems to grow towards the periphery to form the net structure, thereby not only enhancing the water and fertilizer absorbing capacity of the seedlings, but also enhancing the stability of the seedlings and improving the soil fixing capacity of the; meanwhile, the perforated cylinder filled with the nutrient medium is arranged in the pit hole, so that nutrients in the pit hole can be slowly released and absorbed by the nursery stock, loss and waste of the nutrients are avoided, the cylinder is also used as a watering device, water can penetrate into soil for supplying to a root system, and the cylinder can be used as an anchor rod to improve the cement pouring stability.
According to the invention, cement pouring is carried out after the planting holes are filled with the foreign soil, so that the foreign soil is effectively prevented from being washed away by rainwater, and meanwhile, the cement pouring layer and the slope net form mutual support to prevent anchor rods for fixing the slope net from falling off.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure provided by the ecological greening of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-slope body, 2-planting hole, 3-nursery stock, 4-cylinder with hole and 5-pouring layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions and effects of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the following examples are only for explaining and illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the right of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 provides a schematic structural diagram of ecological greening according to the present invention.
The invention provides an ecological greening method for a steep slope of a mine, which comprises the following steps:
clearing the slope surface: mechanically cleaning loose and convex soil on the slope surface, ensuring that the slope surface has no obvious depression and protrusion, and the joint is smooth and flat without obvious edges and corners;
making planting holes: digging planting holes on the slope, wherein the slope distance between the planting holes is 100cm, the planting holes are in a convex shape, the hole surface diameter of each planting hole is 100cm, the hole enlarged surface diameter is 150cm, the depth from the hole surface to the enlarged surface is 20cm, and the total depth of the planting holes is 60 cm;
hanging a net on a slope surface: hanging a net on the slope surface between the planting holes, and fixing the net by using an anchor rod after hanging the net;
filling planting holes: arranging a cylinder with holes in the axial direction of the planting hole, extending the cylinder with the holes to 10cm outside the planting hole, and filling garden soil into the planting hole, wherein the cylinder with the holes is filled with a nutrient medium, and the nutrient medium is prepared by mixing 20 parts of humus, 30 parts of mushroom residues, 50 parts of peat soil and 20 parts of acrylamide-acrylate copolymer cross-linked colloid;
pouring a planting hole: cement pouring is carried out on the planting holes filled with the garden soil, and seeding holes are reserved in the cement pouring layer, wherein the thickness of the cement pouring layer is 3-5cm, and the diameter of the seeding holes is 20-30 cm;
planting vegetation: and sowing Hexi chrysanthemum in the planting hole through the sowing hole, watering the Hexi chrysanthemum for enough water, and covering the soil.
Example 2
The invention provides an ecological greening method for a steep slope of a mine, which comprises the following steps:
clearing the slope surface: mechanically cleaning loose and convex soil on the slope surface, ensuring that the slope surface has no obvious depression and protrusion, and the joint is smooth and flat without obvious edges and corners;
making planting holes: digging planting holes on the slope, wherein the distance between the planting holes on the slope is 110cm, the planting holes are in a convex shape, the diameter of the pit surface of each planting hole is 110cm, the diameter of the expanded surface of each pit is 160cm, the depth from the pit surface to the expanded surface is 20cm, and the total depth of the planting holes is 80 cm;
hanging a net on a slope surface: hanging a net on the slope surface between the planting holes, and fixing the net by using an anchor rod after hanging the net;
filling planting holes: arranging a cylinder with holes in the axial direction of the planting hole, extending the cylinder with the holes to 15cm outside the planting hole, and filling garden soil into the planting hole, wherein the cylinder with the holes is filled with a nutrient medium, and the nutrient medium is prepared by mixing 20 parts of humus, 30 parts of mushroom residues, 50 parts of peat soil and 20 parts of acrylamide-acrylate copolymer cross-linked colloid;
pouring a planting hole: cement pouring is carried out on the planting holes filled with the garden soil, and seeding holes are reserved in the cement pouring layer, wherein the thickness of the cement pouring layer is 3-5cm, and the diameter of the seeding holes is 20-30 cm;
planting vegetation: and sowing Hexi chrysanthemum in the planting hole through the sowing hole, watering the Hexi chrysanthemum for enough water, and covering the soil.
Example 3
The invention provides an ecological greening method for a steep slope of a mine, which comprises the following steps:
clearing the slope surface: mechanically cleaning loose and convex soil on the slope surface, ensuring that the slope surface has no obvious depression and protrusion, and the joint is smooth and flat without obvious edges and corners;
making planting holes: digging planting holes on a slope, wherein the distance between the planting holes on the slope is 120cm, the planting holes are in a convex shape, the diameter of the pit surface of each planting hole is 120cm, the diameter of the expanded surface of each pit is 170cm, the depth from the pit surface to the expanded surface is 20cm, and the total depth of the planting holes is 100 cm;
hanging a net on a slope surface: hanging a net on the slope surface between the planting holes, and fixing the net by using an anchor rod after hanging the net;
filling planting holes: arranging a cylinder with holes in the axial direction of the planting hole, extending the cylinder with the holes to 10cm outside the planting hole, and filling garden soil into the planting hole, wherein the cylinder with the holes is filled with a nutrient medium, and the nutrient medium is prepared by mixing 20 parts of humus, 30 parts of mushroom residues, 50 parts of peat soil and 20 parts of acrylamide-acrylate copolymer cross-linked colloid;
pouring a planting hole: cement pouring is carried out on the planting holes filled with the garden soil, and seeding holes are reserved in the cement pouring layer, wherein the thickness of the cement pouring layer is 3-5cm, and the diameter of the seeding holes is 20-30 cm;
planting vegetation: and sowing Hexi chrysanthemum in the planting hole through the sowing hole, watering the Hexi chrysanthemum for enough water, and covering the soil.
Example 1 was used as the subject: when the construction is carried out for 30 days, the abundance of the Hexi chrysanthemum is 12.5 percent; at 90 days of construction, the abundance of Hexi chrysanthemum is obviously increased to 31.9%. After the method is used for repairing the slope, the slope is stable, the landslide and collapse phenomena are not generated within two years after the construction is finished, the passenger soil in the pit hole is kept complete, the rain wash and loss phenomena are not generated, the plant coverage rate of the slope is high, the plants grow vigorous, and the landscape effect is excellent.
The examples 2 and 3 have statistical significance with the example 1, and both achieve better ecological greening effect.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An ecological greening method for a steep slope of a mine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
clearing the slope surface: trimming loose and protruding soil bodies;
making planting holes: chiseling a planting hole on the slope, wherein the planting hole is in a convex shape;
hanging a net on a slope surface: hanging a net on the slope surface between the planting holes, and fixing the net by using an anchor rod after hanging the net;
filling planting holes: arranging a cylinder with holes in the axial direction of the planting hole, filling garden soil into the planting hole, and filling nutrient media into the cylinder with holes;
pouring a planting hole: cement pouring is carried out on the planting holes filled with the garden soil, and sowing holes are reserved on the cement pouring layer;
planting vegetation: and sowing Hexi chrysanthemum in the planting hole through the sowing hole, watering the Hexi chrysanthemum for enough water, and covering the soil.
2. The ecological greening method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth of the planting hole is 60-100cm, and the diameter is 100-120 cm.
3. The ecological greening method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slope distance between the planting holes is 100-120 cm.
4. The ecological greening method of claim 1, wherein the perforated cylinder extends 10-20cm outside the planting hole.
5. The ecological greening method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the cement pouring layer is 3-5cm, and the diameter of the seeding holes is 20-30 cm.
6. The ecological greening method of claim 1, wherein the nutrient medium comprises biochar and additive components dispersed in the biochar, and the additive components comprise, in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of humus, 30-60 parts of mushroom residues, 50-80 parts of peat soil and 20-30 parts of acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked substance colloid.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112792121A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-05-14 | 宁波城市阳光环境建设工程有限公司 | Mine ecological restoration method applying mycorrhiza technology |
| CN115136850A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-10-04 | 甘肃有色工程勘察设计研究有限公司 | High and steep loess slope greening method |
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