CN113170718B - Pre-buried pipe network device and method suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil - Google Patents
Pre-buried pipe network device and method suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113170718B CN113170718B CN202110403956.6A CN202110403956A CN113170718B CN 113170718 B CN113170718 B CN 113170718B CN 202110403956 A CN202110403956 A CN 202110403956A CN 113170718 B CN113170718 B CN 113170718B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
Abstract
The invention discloses an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil, which comprises a pipe array network system and is characterized in that the pipe array network system comprises universal heads and pipes, wherein the pipes are arranged into cavities, reserved holes are formed in the surfaces of the pipes, pleated protruding parts and spiral crease parts are arranged on the pipes, ten universal head interfaces are uniformly distributed on the universal heads and are used for connecting the pipes, so that vegetation can normally grow, develop and reproduce in a soil environment which is difficult to survive, and root systems are excited to proliferate along the inside of the pipes along the embedded network system, and meanwhile, the pipe walls are expanded to soil outside the pipes, so that overground vegetation is gradually restored, and finally the degraded soil is gradually restored to a good and sustainable state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological system restoration, in particular to a pre-buried pipe network device and method suitable for improving hardened and degenerated soil.
Background
In nature, plants undergo flowering, pollination, fertilization to form seeds. Plant seeds fall into soil through media such as insect media, wind media, water media and the like, germinate under proper external conditions, the seeds are subjected to cell division, the embryos develop into germs and radicle, nutrition provided by endosperm is utilized, seedlings break soil and form stems, branches, leaves and complex root systems, and plants are formed. The plants perform photosynthesis, continuously absorb carbon dioxide from the air, and absorb water and nutrients from the soil to complete nutrition reproduction. After the plant is formed, the plant enters a reproduction and propagation stage, on one hand, a new round of life process is carried out by flowering and fruiting seed spreading, and on the other hand, the offspring and propagation process can be completed by root tillering.
In soil, the plant development life history process can form a complex root system network system, the natural branching capability of the root system is lower in the early development stage, and meanwhile, most of the new roots are growing roots, so that the new roots are less germinated and absorbed. The horizontal root system is opposite, and has stronger branching and is easier to induce and absorb the root. Later stages of development, the differences are more pronounced: the vertical root re-emergence capability is greatly reduced, and the horizontal root has continuous branching capability as long as the overground part grows normally under the condition of human intervention. The horizontal root system is further divided into surface layer root and deep layer root by using surface soil 30 cm as a boundary. In rainy seasons in spring, the inner soil layer 30 cm away from the surface soil is a root system active layer; the root system active jump layer is transferred to the deep soil layer below 30 cm in high temperature, autumn and winter drought and cold season.
Branching of plants such as Gramineae occurs below or near the ground and occurs at tillering nodes which are relatively large and store rich nutrients. The first tillering is directly sent out from the tillering node at the base of the main stem, and new tillering buds and adventitious roots can be generated at the base of the first tillering to form secondary tillering. Under good conditions, third and fourth tillers can be formed. The growth of plant root system requires soil to provide nutrients and water for the plant root system, and the soil is used as a medium for stretching and holding the plant root system. Hardened and degraded soil cannot normally function, and nutrients in the soil cannot be stored and supplied. In hardened soil, plant roots cannot be tillered, rooted and nutrient obtained normally.
With the acceleration of the social industrialization process and the influence of excessive fertilizer application, the phenomenon of soil hardening is increasingly serious. Soil hardening refers to the phenomenon that the soil surface layer is damaged by the structure under the action of water irrigation or rainfall and the like due to the lack of organic matters and the soil material is dispersed, and the soil surface is hardened under the action of cohesive force after drying. The concrete is that the porosity of the soil is reduced, the permeability is poor, the activity of aerobics microorganism in the soil is inhibited, the decomposition of organic matters is delayed, and the physicochemical property is deteriorated.
Soil hardening causes poor permeability and reduced ground temperature, so that the activities of aerobic microorganisms in the soil are inhibited, the water, gas and heat conditions cannot be well coordinated, and the fertilizer supply, fertilizer retention and water retention capacity are weak. The soil fertility gradually declines, and the soil fertility declines with the decline, so that the growth and development of vegetation such as crops and the like can not be well satisfied.
Currently, the major factors of soil hardening can be divided into seven aspects:
1. the farmland soil is sticky and heavy in texture and shallow in cultivation layer. The clay has more clay particles, the average cultivated layer is less than 20cm, the capillary pores in the soil are less, and the ventilation, water permeability and warming performance are poor. After rain, the soil aggregate structure is destroyed, so that the soil surface layer is skinned;
2. the organic material investment is less. The organic fertilizer is not applied, so that the organic substance in the soil is not sufficiently supplemented, the organic substance content of the soil is low, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are poor. The microbial activity is affected, and the formation of soil aggregate structure is further affected, so that the soil is too large or too small in acid-base property, and the soil is hardened.
3. Plastic waste pollution. The mulch film, the plastic bag and the like are not cleaned up, cannot be completely decomposed in the soil, and form harmful blocks. Most of waste plastics entering a landfill with domestic garbage in China are plastic bag garbage, and are not easy to degrade when being applied into soil, so that hardening is caused.
4. And single bias application of chemical fertilizer for a long time. The farmyard manure is seriously insufficient, the diazonium light phosphorus potassium fertilizer, the organic matters of the soil are reduced, and humus can not be timely supplemented, so that soil hardening and cracking are caused. Soil hardening is also easily caused by long-term application of ammonium sulfate.
5. Agro-farming measures such as compacting, turning and the like lead to the destruction of the upper soil structure. Due to the influence of mechanical cultivation, the soil aggregate structure is destroyed, and only part of fertilizer applied to the soil every year is absorbed and utilized by crops in the season, and the rest is fixed by the soil to form a large amount of acid salt deposition, so that the soil is hardened.
6. Accumulation of harmful substances. And part of underground water and industrial wastewater have high toxic substances, and after long-term irrigation, the toxic substances accumulate excessively to cause hardening of surface soil.
7. And water and soil loss is caused by heavy rain. After heavy rain, fine soil particles in the surface soil layer are taken away, so that the soil structure is damaged; and sticky particles and small particles are easy to form hardening after being deposited and dried at the water accumulation position or the slow flow speed position.
The existing technical measures for treating the soil hardening problem are mainly classified into three types: deep ploughing, changing fertilizer application and returning straw to field. The method comprises the following steps:
1. and (5) applying organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer is added, so that the soil structure can be improved, the performances of soil fertilizer conservation, ventilation and temperature adjustment are enhanced, the content of organic matters in the soil can be increased, the fertilizer storage performance and the acid-base buffering capacity of the soil are enhanced, and the soil hardening is prevented.
2. Moderately deep ploughing. When the deep scarification depth reaches more than 30 cm, the plough bottom layer can be broken, and the plough layer structure can be improved, so that soil hardening can be prevented.
3. Returning the straw to the field. Crop straws are important organic fertilizer sources, and the straw crushing and returning can improve the organic matter content of soil, increase the soil porosity, coordinate the gas heat of water and fertilizer in the soil, create good environment for the microbial activity of the soil, be favorable for the decomposition and softening of organic matters and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
By implementing the technical method, the soil hardening condition can be improved, but the soil is treated by the three methods, so that the problem of hardening of the surface soil can be solved only in a short time, and the problems of long time consumption and large investment exist. And, some areas need to treat hardened soil for a short time without being used for tillage. In this case, there are problems such as excessive investment and excessive cost in the above three conventional methods for treatment.
An ideal technology for treating soil hardening has the overall requirements of addressing both the symptoms and root causes, ecology and environmental protection, low cost and low energy consumption. In hardened soil, plants cannot take root to survive and develop root systems, if an expanding space can be reserved for taking root, growing and developing of the plant root systems, a vegetation system can be restored through full growth of the plant root systems, thereby promoting development and even luxuriance of the vegetation root systems, loosening loose hardened soil with natural force for growth and development of the plant root systems, and exciting self-restoring capability of an ecological system, so that various defects and shortages of the existing technology for treating the soil hardening problem can be solved.
In summary, in the existing various technologies for treating soil degradation, soil hardening and vegetation degradation, a great amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are required, if a method for realizing vegetation recovery and soil structure restoration by the force of a natural ecosystem through less prefabricated projects and plant germination process and plant community generation and development and forward succession process in the ecosystem can be designed, the method has great social service significance and value, and provides good help for human future ecological civilization construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned existing problems, the present invention aims to provide a pre-buried pipe network device and a method thereof suitable for improving hardened and degenerated soil, which solve the problems of long time consumption and large investment in the existing method for treating soil hardening.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a pre-buried pipe network device suitable for improvement hardening degenerates soil, is including being provided with pipeline battle array network system, wherein, pipeline battle array network system includes universal head and pipeline, the pipeline sets up to the cavity, the pipeline surface is provided with reserved hole, be provided with pleat protruding portion and spiral crease portion on the pipeline, reserved hole's outer edge is provided with evenly distributed's cutting line, spiral crease portion evenly distributed has intensive screw thread, can be provided with nutrient substance and porous material in the inner chamber of pipeline, ten universal head interfaces of evenly distributed on the universal head, universal head interface is used for connecting the pipeline.
The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil comprises eight convex columnar structures, wherein eight convex columnar structures are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the pipe wall of each pleated protrusion, and pleated protrusion side faces are respectively arranged on two sides of each convex columnar structure.
The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degenerated soil, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the convex columnar structure are provided with pleat-shaped protrusions, the upper surface and the lower surface of the convex columnar structure are provided with non-closed openings, the convex columnar structure compresses towards the axis direction of the pipeline, and the pipeline can be made into a smooth column.
The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degenerated soil is characterized in that the reserved holes are densely distributed on the convex column structure.
The embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil is characterized in that dense threads with 45-degree inclined directions are uniformly distributed on the spiral crease portions.
An application method of a pre-buried pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil comprises the following steps:
firstly, punching holes on the surface layer of soil by using drilling tools such as earth drills and the like, wherein the hole diameter of the holes is larger than that of an embedded pipe, and laying the pipeline in a traction and pipe jacking mode, wherein the design of a spiral crease part of the pipeline is beneficial to the rotary embedding process in a cavity;
secondly, the pleated protruding parts form a columnar structure, the pipeline is connected through the universal head, the pipeline extends to all directions, a gap between the outer wall of the pipeline and soil is fixed through soil, a net structure which is regularly distributed under the soil layer is constructed through continuous connection erection, and a support is provided for continuous growth of plant root systems in hardened soil.
Finally, plant seeds are placed in universal heads exposed on the soil surface, plant roots of the seeds grow along the inner cavity of the pipeline, porous matrixes, fertilizers and other substrates are filled in the pipeline to provide sufficient nutrients for root growth, the plant roots fully grow, the diameter is continuously thickened, folds on the wall of the embedded pipe are spread to provide more sufficient growth space for the plant roots, lateral roots grow outwards through the pipeline wall and holes on the pleated protruding parts to be in contact with hardened soil, the effect of loosening the soil is achieved, the effect of improving the soil is achieved, the universal heads and the holes which are not used in the pipeline can be used for the plant roots to grow, more convenient conditions are provided for survival of insects, microorganisms and the like, the plant roots continuously grow from the pipeline to the outside of the pipe plate, the soil is made by the action of the root systems, and the effect of improving the hardened soil is finally achieved under the long-time effect.
The invention provides an embedded pipe network device and a method thereof, which are suitable for improving hardened degraded soil, and can enable vegetation to normally grow, develop and reproduce in a soil environment which is difficult to survive, and along an embedded network system, the embedded pipe network device can excite root systems to reproduce along the inside of a pipe, and simultaneously expand the root systems to soil outside the pipe through the pipe wall, so that the overground vegetation is gradually recovered, and finally the degraded soil is gradually recovered to a good and sustainable state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a piping structure of the present invention for an embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fold structure of an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a corrugation of an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a universal head structure in a pre-buried pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the overall effect of the present invention for an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a pre-buried pipe network device and a method thereof, which are suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil, and the invention is further described in detail below for making the purposes, technical schemes and effects of the invention clearer and more definite. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view of an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a piping structure of the present invention for an embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fold structure of an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a corrugation of an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a universal head structure in a pre-buried pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the overall effect of the present invention for an embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened degraded soil.
As shown in the figure, the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil comprises a pipe array network system 100, a universal head 101, a pipe 102, a reserved hole 103, a pleated protrusion 104, a spiral crease 105, a convex columnar structure 106, pleated protrusion sides 107, pleated protrusion upper and lower non-closed openings 108 and a universal head connector 109.
The pipeline array network system 100 comprises a universal head 101 and a pipeline 102, the pipeline 102 is provided with a cavity, the surface of the pipeline 102 is provided with reserved holes 103, the pipeline 102 is provided with pleated protruding portions 104 and spiral crease portions 105, eight convex columnar structures 106 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the pipe wall of the pleated protruding portions 104 every week, two sides of each convex columnar structure 106 are respectively provided with pleated protruding side faces 107, the upper surface and the lower surface of each convex columnar structure 106 are provided with pleated protruding upper and lower non-closed openings 108, the convex columnar structures 106 compress towards the axis direction of the pipeline 102, the pipeline 102 can be made into smooth columns, the reserved holes 103 are densely distributed on the pipeline 102 and the convex columnar structures 106, the outer edges of the reserved holes 103 are provided with cutting lines which are uniformly distributed, sufficient space is provided for plant side root growth from the inside of the pipeline to the soil layer, the spiral crease portions 105 are uniformly distributed with dense threads which are inclined 45 degrees, the pipeline 102 can be placed in the holes through rotation, and the manpower and material resources of the pipeline 102 are reduced. The inner cavity of the pipeline 102 can be provided with nutrient substances and porous materials, ten universal head interfaces 109 are uniformly distributed on the universal head 101, the universal head interfaces 109 are used for connecting the pipeline 102, and the structural design can meet the connection of any angle, so that the pipeline array network system 100 is formed in soil.
The invention relates to a method for improving a pre-buried pipe network device of hardened and degraded soil, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, drilling is performed on the surface layer of the soil by using drilling tools such as an earth drill, the hole diameter of the drilling tools is larger than the hole diameter of the embedded pipe, the pipeline is laid in a traction and pipe jacking mode, the spiral crease portion of the pipeline 102 is designed in the process, and the rotation embedding process is facilitated in the cavity.
Secondly, the pleated protruding portions 104 form a columnar structure, the pipe 102 is connected through the universal head 101, so that the pipe 102 extends towards all directions, a gap between the outer wall of the pipe 102 and the soil is fixed through the soil, and a net structure which is regularly distributed under the soil layer is constructed through continuous connection erection, so that support is provided for continuous growth of plant root systems in hardened soil.
Finally, plant seeds are placed in universal heads exposed on the soil surface, the seeds germinate and grow under the action of environmental factors such as moisture, sunlight, air and soil nutrients, plant root systems grow along the inner cavity of the pipeline 102, and the pipeline 102 is filled with substrates such as porous matrixes and fertilizers, so that sufficient nutrients are provided for root system growth. Plant root system fully grows, and the diameter is constantly thickened, and the fold on the pre-buried pipe wall is propped up, provides more sufficient growth space for plant root system, and the lateral root passes through pipeline 102 pipe wall with the hole on the pleat protruding portion 104 outwards grows, contacts with the hardened soil, plays loose soil property, improvement soil's effect. Holes which are not used by the universal head 101 and the pipeline 102 can be used for plant root growth, thereby providing more convenient conditions for survival of insects, microorganisms and the like. Plant root system constantly grows, from pipeline 102 ingrowth to pipe planking knot soil in, through root system self effect, the loose soil property constantly, under long-time effect, finally realize the effect of improvement hardening soil.
The invention is suitable for the pre-buried pipe network device and the method for improving hardened and degraded soil, and has the following advantages:
first, the pipeline 102 is pre-buried, and a reserved root development pipeline network system is constructed by taking the universal head 101 as a central node. The network structure formed in the soil layer provides space for the growth of plant roots, can satisfy the demand that plant roots fully grows to all directions, through recovering vegetation, loosen soil, solve soil degradation hardening problem.
Secondly, the pipeline 102 is a hollow pipeline with porous surface, the pipeline 102 is made of recycled plastic materials by secondary processing, is moisture-resistant and corrosion-resistant, can be reserved in soil for a long time, cannot cause harm to the soil environment, and finally can be mineralized and decomposed into soil materials in the circulating process. The space in the tube is used for the growth of main roots and lateral roots, and also provides living space for insects and microorganisms. Nutrient substances or other porous matrixes can be added into the pipeline to provide nutrients and supporting space for plant root growth.
Third, holes are uniformly distributed on the wall surface of the pipe 102, and gaps are uniformly distributed on the outer edges of the holes. The densely distributed cavities can allow lateral roots to fully grow and extend into soil. After the lateral root grows to a certain diameter, the gap at the outer edge of the hole can provide enough space for the continuous growth of the lateral root.
Fourth, eight convex columnar structures 106 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the pipe 102 every week, folds are arranged on two sides of each convex columnar structure 106, and the pipe 102 can be connected with the universal head connector 109 by folding to form a columnar connector. The design of the folding pleat structure makes the connection mode more economical and low-cost, and simultaneously greatly increases the contact area between the plant root system and the soil surface.
Fifth, the spiral fold 105 is provided between the pleated protrusions 104. The pleated protrusion 104 is connected with the spiral fold 105 in a staggered manner, so as to meet the requirements of folding and reducing storage during transportation of the pipeline, fine adjustment direction and bending during erection of the pipeline, and the like. The spiral fold 105 is more convenient to extend in all directions, and can be realized by rotating the pipeline.
Sixthly, the universal head 101 enables the pipeline 102 to have various connection modes, the applicability is wide, the limitation of the terrain is small, 10 connection holes uniformly distributed on the universal head 101 can be used for connecting and combining the pipeline 102 in all directions, and multi-directional selection is provided for erecting the embedded pipe network.
Seventh, the universal head 101 is provided with pentagonal holes, so that the non-smooth design is beneficial to the plant root hair to pass through. When the fibrous root passes through the reserved uneven hollow hole, a larger gap is reserved, and other fibrous roots can still pass through the gap to find out space, so that the fibrous root permeability of the hollow hole is increased.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a pre-buried pipe network device suitable for improvement hardening degenerates soil, is including being provided with pipeline battle array network system, a serial communication port, pipeline battle array network system includes universal head and pipeline, the pipeline sets up to the cavity, the pipeline surface is provided with reserved hole, be provided with pleat form protruding portion and spiral crease portion on the pipeline, the outer edge of reserved hole is provided with evenly distributed's cutting line, spiral crease portion evenly distributed has dense screw thread, be provided with nutrient substance and porous material in the inner chamber of pipeline, ten universal head interfaces of evenly distributed on the universal head, universal head interface is used for connecting the pipeline.
2. The embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil according to claim 1, wherein eight convex columnar structures are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the pipe wall of the pleated protrusion, and two sides of each convex columnar structure are respectively provided with pleated protrusion sides.
3. The embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the convex columnar structure are provided with pleat-shaped protrusions, the upper surface and the lower surface of the convex columnar structure are not closed openings, and the convex columnar structure compresses towards the axis direction of the pipeline to enable the pipeline to be a smooth column.
4. A pre-buried pipeline network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil according to claim 3, wherein said preformed holes are densely distributed on said columnar structure.
5. The embedded pipe network device for improving hardened and degraded soil of claim 4, wherein the spiral folds are uniformly distributed with dense threads inclined by 45 degrees.
6. The application method of the embedded pipe network device suitable for improving hardened and degraded soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, punching holes on the surface layer of soil by using an earth drill, wherein the hole diameter of the holes is larger than the diameter of an embedded pipe, laying the pipeline in a traction and pipe jacking mode, designing a spiral crease part of the pipeline in the process, and facilitating the rotary embedding process in a cavity;
secondly, the pleated protruding parts form a columnar structure, the pipeline is connected through universal heads, so that the pipeline extends towards all directions, gaps between the outer wall of the pipeline and soil are fixed through soil, and a net structure which is regularly distributed under the soil layer is constructed through continuous connection erection, so that a support is provided for continuous growth of plant root systems in hardened soil;
finally, plant seeds are placed in the universal head exposed on the soil surface, plant roots of the seeds grow along the inner cavity of the pipeline, porous matrixes and fertilizer substrates are filled in the pipeline to provide sufficient nutrients for root growth, the plant roots fully grow, the diameter is continuously thickened, folds on the wall of the embedded pipe are spread to provide more sufficient growth space for the plant roots, lateral roots grow outwards through the pipeline wall and holes on the pleated protruding parts to be in contact with hardened soil, the effect of loosening the soil is achieved, the soil is improved, the universal head and the holes which are not used in the pipeline are used for the plant roots to grow, more convenient conditions are provided for survival of insects and microorganisms, the plant roots continuously grow from the pipeline to the outside of the pipe, the soil is continuously loosened through the self action of the root system, and the effect of improving the hardened soil is finally achieved under the long-time action.
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