CN113170650A - Low-loss harvester for regenerated rice and method thereof - Google Patents
Low-loss harvester for regenerated rice and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113170650A CN113170650A CN202110583052.6A CN202110583052A CN113170650A CN 113170650 A CN113170650 A CN 113170650A CN 202110583052 A CN202110583052 A CN 202110583052A CN 113170650 A CN113170650 A CN 113170650A
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- baffle
- harvester
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009340 sequential cropping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013340 harvest operation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000034655 secondary growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/06—Combines with headers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/04—Harvesting of standing crops of rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D67/00—Undercarriages or frames specially adapted for harvesters or mowers; Mechanisms for adjusting the frame; Platforms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D91/00—Methods for harvesting agricultural products
- A01D91/04—Products growing above the soil
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting devices, and discloses a low-loss harvester for ratoon rice. When harvesting, the narrow crawler belt on the right side is offset to be flush with the outer side of the cutting table, and the narrow crawler belt on the left side of the next row can continuously walk in the indentation of the previous row, so that the width of the cutting width is not influenced. The low-loss harvester for the regenerated rice is matched with the low-loss harvesting method provided by the invention, only three indentations are formed after two times of harvesting, and the rolling loss rate is only 13%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting devices, in particular to a low-loss harvester and a low-loss method for ratoon rice.
Background
The harvesting operation of the ratoon rice is different from the traditional harvesting of the single-season rice, when the ratoon rice is harvested, only the upper part 2/3 of a rice plant is cut off, rice ears are collected, a plant 1/3 and a root system are left, and the ratoon rice is fertilized and cultivated to grow one season of rice again. Therefore, the rolling loss rate needs to be reduced by adopting narrow tracks or narrow wheels, a high-ground-clearance chassis needs to be used to adapt to a higher stubble height, the rolling loss rate of the traditional harvester is over 50 percent, the rolling loss rate of the narrow-track regenerated rice low-loss harvester can be reduced to 26 percent, the loss is serious, and the yield of the rice in the second season is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a low-loss harvester for ratooned rice with low rolling loss rate. It is another object of the present invention to provide a low crush ratio harvesting method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a low-loss harvester for regenerated rice comprises a header, a conveying system, a threshing and sorting system, a grain tank, a grain unloading pipeline, a driving mechanism, a narrow-track wide-interval walking mechanism and a sundry guide plate; the narrow-track wide-interval walking mechanism comprises a chassis, a high-ground-clearance chassis support, a left narrow track and a right narrow track; the utility model discloses a threshing sorting system, including a grain tank, a header, a threshing sorting system, a left side narrow track and a right side narrow track, the narrow track in left side and the narrow track in right side are connected with the chassis through highland crack chassis support, grain tank, threshing sorting system all install in the chassis, the place ahead of grain tank is provided with the driver's cabin, the header passes through conveying system and is connected with threshing sorting system, it is connected with the grain tank to unload the grain pipeline, the outside and the header outside of the narrow track in right side flush, threshing sorting system's row's miscellaneous mouthful is installed miscellaneous deflector to make miscellaneous totally fall into in the narrow track indentation in left side.
Further, the miscellaneous guide plate comprises a first baffle, a second baffle and a third baffle which are connected in sequence; the first baffle is installed in one side that the impurity discharging port is close to the narrow crawler belt on the right side along the vertical direction, the second baffle and the third baffle are both located below the impurity discharging port, the second baffle is 30 degrees with the contained angle of level and vertical direction, the third baffle is 20 degrees with the contained angle of vertical direction.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a first hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor and a second hydraulic motor; the hydraulic system comprises a cab, a first hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, a first hydraulic motor oil port, a second hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic motor oil port and a third hydraulic motor oil port.
Further, the distance between the left narrow crawler belt and the right narrow crawler belt is more than or equal to 1600 mm.
Further, the left narrow crawler belt and the right narrow crawler belt are high-pattern rubber crawler belts with the width of 260 mm.
Further, the ground clearance of the chassis is more than or equal to 600 mm.
A low-loss harvesting method of regenerated rice comprises the following steps: during operation, a clockwise annular harvesting method is adopted, the harvest operation of the ratooning rice is carried out line by line, and the left narrow crawler belt of each harvest operation is ensured to walk at the indentation position of the previous crawler belt, and impurities are discharged along the left narrow crawler belt indentation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the low-loss harvester for the regenerated rice, the right narrow crawler is offset to be flush with the outer side of the header, and the left narrow crawler of the next row can continue to run in the indentation of the previous row, so that the width of the cutting width is not influenced. The sundry guide plate is arranged at the sundry discharge opening, so that sundry strips and the like are paved in the track indentation and cannot cover the cutting stubble, and the secondary growth of rice is facilitated.
2. The low-loss harvester for the regenerated rice is improved, has smaller ground pressure, further reduces the sinking depth of the harvester for the regenerated rice, reduces the use of steel on the basis of ensuring the strength of the whole harvester, adopts plastic materials as the outer covering part of the threshing and sorting system, optimizes the quality of the whole harvester to be less than 3 tons, ensures that the ground pressure is less than 24Kpa, and solves the problems of high sinking depth and difficult field advancing of the traditional narrow-track harvester.
3. The low-loss harvester for the regenerated rice is matched with a low-loss harvesting method, the rolling compaction rate is greatly reduced, four indentations generated by two rows in the traditional method are reduced to three indentations generated by two rows in the traditional method, and the rolling compaction loss rate is reduced to 13% from 26%. Effectively improves the harvest benefit and has wide market prospect.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a first angled configuration of a low loss harvester for ratooning rice in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a second angled configuration of a low loss harvester for ratooning rice in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 shows a rear view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of left and right narrow tracks according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a walking diagram according to the harvesting method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows an indentation pattern of a prior art harvesting method using a prior art harvesting apparatus;
in the figure, 1, a header; 2. a delivery system; 3. a threshing and sorting system; 4. a grain bin; 5. a grain unloading pipeline; 6. a miscellaneous guide plate; 7. a chassis; 8. a high clearance chassis support; 9. a left narrow track; 10. a right narrow track; 11. a trash discharge port; 12. a first baffle plate; 13. a second baffle; 14. a third baffle plate; 15. a first hydraulic motor; 16. a cab.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Example (b):
the low-loss harvester for the regenerated rice shown in fig. 1-4 comprises a header 1, a conveying system 2, a threshing and sorting system 3, a grain tank 4, a grain unloading pipeline 5, a driving mechanism, a narrow-track-width-interval walking mechanism and a sundry guide plate 6; the narrow-track wide-interval walking mechanism comprises a chassis 7, a high ground clearance chassis support 8, a left narrow track 9 and a right narrow track 10; the left narrow crawler belt 9 and the right narrow crawler belt 10 are connected with the chassis 7 through a high ground clearance chassis support 8, the grain tank 4 and the threshing sorting system 3 are both installed on the chassis 7, a cab 16 is arranged in front of the grain tank 4, the header 1 is connected with the threshing sorting system 3 through a conveying system 2, the grain unloading pipeline 5 is connected with the grain tank 4, the outer side of the right narrow crawler belt 10 is flush with the outer side of the header 1, and a sundry guide plate 6 is installed at a sundry discharging port 11 of the threshing sorting system 3 so that sundry residues completely fall into an indentation of the left narrow crawler belt 9. The narrow crawler 10 on the right side of the harvesting device is offset, so that the distance between the crawlers is increased from 1150mm to 1600mm, the rolling compaction rate is effectively reduced, the sundry guiding plate 6 can discharge sundry residues into the indentation position generated by the narrow crawler, the sundry residues are prevented from covering the rice stubble of the regenerated rice, and the yield of the rice in the regeneration season is improved.
The miscellaneous guide plate 6 shown in fig. 4 comprises a first baffle plate 12, a second baffle plate 13 and a third baffle plate 14 which are connected in sequence; the first baffle plate 12 is installed on one side, close to the right narrow crawler belt 10, of the impurity discharging port 11 in the vertical direction, the second baffle plate 13 and the third baffle plate 14 are located below the impurity discharging port 11, included angles between the second baffle plate 13 and the horizontal direction and between the second baffle plate 13 and the vertical direction are both 30 degrees, and included angles between the third baffle plate 14 and the vertical direction are 20 degrees. During harvesting operation, the falling direction is changed under the blocking action of the impurity guide plate 6 after the straw impurity and the like are discharged, so that the impurity and the like completely fall into the left track indentation and are paved in the indentation along with the forward movement of the harvester, and meanwhile, the impurity discharged into the indentation cannot cover the harvested cutting stubbles and cannot hinder the tillering growth of the ratooning rice.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor 15, and a second hydraulic motor; the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic pump are connected in series and are arranged below a cab 16, the first hydraulic motor is arranged on a left narrow crawler belt 9, the second hydraulic motor is arranged on a right narrow crawler belt 10, a working oil port of the first hydraulic pump is connected with a first hydraulic motor oil port, and a working oil port of the second hydraulic pump is connected with a second hydraulic motor oil port. The low-loss harvesting device adopts a double-pump double-hydraulic motor driving mode, the double pumps adopt a series connection mode to control the hydraulic motors on the left side and the right side, and zero turning radius can be realized.
The left side narrow crawler belt 9 and the right side narrow crawler belt 10 are high-pattern rubber crawler belts with the width of 260mm, and the distance between the left side narrow crawler belt and the right side narrow crawler belt is larger than or equal to 1600 mm. Through this design, reduce the indentation width and roll compaction number of times, can effectively reduce the rolling compaction rate.
The ground clearance of the chassis 7 is more than or equal to 600 mm. The ground clearance of the chassis is increased to adapt to higher stubble height. The chassis can not contact with the harvested cutting stubbles, and good conditions are provided for the regrowth of the ratoon rice. This device adopts the lightweight design, on the basis of guaranteeing complete machine intensity, reduces the use of steel, threshes and selects separately the system outer cover and adopts the plastics material, and complete machine weight is less than 3 tons, and ground connection specific pressure is less than 24Kpa, has solved traditional narrow track harvester and has sunk the degree of depth height, and the field is marchd the difficult problem.
A low-loss harvesting method of regenerated rice comprises the following steps: during operation, a clockwise annular harvesting method is adopted, the harvest operation of the ratooning rice is carried out line by line, and the left narrow crawler belt of each harvest operation is ensured to walk at the indentation position of the previous crawler belt, and impurities are discharged along the left narrow crawler belt indentation.
The low-loss harvesting method is specifically shown in fig. 6: after the low-loss harvester for the regenerated rice enters a field, harvesting operation is started from the left lower side of the field, the first row of regenerated rice on the left side of the field is harvested, then the first row of regenerated rice is harvested after crossing the field, the second row of regenerated rice is harvested after the second row of regenerated rice is harvested, the third row of regenerated rice is harvested after the second row of regenerated rice is harvested after crossing the field, and the harvesting operation is sequentially completed from right to left.
The header 1 keeps a certain height with the ground, the stubble height is guaranteed to meet the growth requirement of the ratooned rice, meanwhile, the narrow right crawler 10 of the ratooned rice low-loss harvester is biased outwards, the outer edge of the crawler and the outer edge of the right side of the header are positioned on the same straight line, the harvester harvests the ratooned rice in the first row on the left side of the field block during the first row harvesting operation, and the indentation edge formed by the narrow right crawler is superposed with the edge of the right side of the cutting width; then, harvesting the second row, namely harvesting the first row of regenerated rice on the right side of the field block in the same manner; when the harvester clockwise moves to the left side of the field for the second time, harvesting the third row of the ratooned rice, and when the harvester enters, the narrow crawler belt on the left side of the harvester is accurately pressed into the right indentation formed during harvesting in the first row and is rolled on the impurities in the indentation; only three indentations are formed in the two harvesting operations (the first row and the third row) of the field on the left side, four indentations are formed in the traditional harvesting mode (shown in fig. 7), the track width is calculated to be 260mm, compared with the field shown in fig. 6 and 7, the rolling loss rate is only 13% by using the low-loss harvesting method, the rolling loss rate is 26% by using the traditional harvesting method shown in fig. 7, and the rolling loss rate can be greatly reduced by matching the renewable rice low-loss harvester with the low-loss harvesting method. Compared with the traditional harvesting mode, the rolling loss rate is greatly reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a low harvester that decreases of ratoon rice, includes header, conveying system, threshing and selects separately system, grain tank, unloads the grain pipeline, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a driving mechanism, a narrow-track-width-interval walking mechanism and a miscellaneous guide plate; the narrow-track wide-interval walking mechanism comprises a chassis, a high-ground-clearance chassis support, a left narrow track and a right narrow track; the utility model discloses a threshing sorting system, including a grain tank, a header, a threshing sorting system, a left side narrow track and a right side narrow track, the narrow track in left side and the narrow track in right side are connected with the chassis through highland crack chassis support, grain tank, threshing sorting system all install in the chassis, the place ahead of grain tank is provided with the driver's cabin, the header passes through conveying system and is connected with threshing sorting system, it is connected with the grain tank to unload the grain pipeline, the outside and the header outside of the narrow track in right side flush, threshing sorting system's row's miscellaneous mouthful is installed miscellaneous deflector to make miscellaneous totally fall into in the narrow track indentation in left side.
2. The low loss harvester for ratooning rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the miscellaneous guide plate comprises a first baffle, a second baffle and a third baffle which are connected in sequence; the first baffle is installed in one side that the impurity discharging port is close to the narrow crawler belt on the right side along the vertical direction, the second baffle and the third baffle are both located below the impurity discharging port, the second baffle is 30 degrees with the contained angle of level and vertical direction, the third baffle is 20 degrees with the contained angle of vertical direction.
3. The low loss harvester for ratooning rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a first hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor and a second hydraulic motor; the hydraulic system comprises a cab, a first hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, a first hydraulic motor oil port, a second hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic motor oil port and a third hydraulic motor oil port.
4. The low loss harvester for ratooning rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the left narrow crawler belt and the right narrow crawler belt is more than or equal to 1600 mm.
5. The low loss harvester for ratooning rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the narrow track in left side and the narrow track in right side all adopt the width to be 260 mm's high decorative pattern rubber track.
6. The low loss harvester for ratooning rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ground clearance of the chassis is more than or equal to 600 mm.
7. A harvesting method based on the low-loss harvester for the regenerated rice of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: during operation, a clockwise annular harvesting method is adopted, the harvest operation of the ratooning rice is carried out line by line, and the left narrow crawler belt of each harvest operation is ensured to walk at the indentation position of the previous crawler belt, and impurities are discharged along the left narrow crawler belt indentation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110583052.6A CN113170650B (en) | 2021-05-27 | 2021-05-27 | Low-loss harvester for ratooning rice and method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110583052.6A CN113170650B (en) | 2021-05-27 | 2021-05-27 | Low-loss harvester for ratooning rice and method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113170650A true CN113170650A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
| CN113170650B CN113170650B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113170650B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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