CN113163747A - 用于机动车或机动车部件的热处理的装置 - Google Patents

用于机动车或机动车部件的热处理的装置 Download PDF

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CN113163747A
CN113163747A CN201880099222.XA CN201880099222A CN113163747A CN 113163747 A CN113163747 A CN 113163747A CN 201880099222 A CN201880099222 A CN 201880099222A CN 113163747 A CN113163747 A CN 113163747A
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container
cooling unit
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帕特里克·阿尔贝斯
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Unikai Storage And Transportation Co ltd Hamburg Germany
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    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
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    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
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    • B65D2588/00Large container
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车或机动车部件的热处理的装置,尤其用于杀死害虫的目的,所述装置包括用于温度控制运输的隔离的海运集装箱,其中,除了可能布置在所述集装箱中的冷却机组之外,所述装置还包括至少一个通风机和至少一个热交换器,所述冷却机组可能是能运行的。

Description

用于机动车或机动车部件的热处理的装置
技术领域
本发明的主题是一种用于机动车或机动车部件的热处理的装置,尤其用于杀死害虫。
背景技术
机动车的热处理或加热处理理解为,以某种方式加热机动车,使得机动车在其冷的位置处在一定的时间内升高超过一定的最低温度。这种热处理尤其可以用于满足法律或法规,所述法律或法规要求对待出口或待进口的货物进行处理以防止害虫。特别是,目前澳大利亚和新西兰为了防止棕色斑纹蝽科(棕色斑纹臭虫,BMSB)要求在一年中特定时间段内从特定国家进口的机动车在(例如船)起航前120小时内被处理。在此,目前认为足够的是,对每辆机动车如此进行加热,使得其在其最冷的位置处在至少20分钟的时间内具有至少50摄氏度的温度(澳大利亚)或者在至少30分钟的时间内具有至少56摄氏度的温度(新西兰)。在此,必须单独地以所有参数证明对每辆机动车的处理。由于船的尺寸,为了船的装载,至多2000辆车辆经受这种处理。
已知的是,以某种方式进行此种热处理,即为此增强库房或者为此目的而设立库房。然而,这种解决方案伴随着高额投资和漫长的建筑法许可时间。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务是,提供一种用于机动车或机动车部件的热处理的装置,尤其用于杀死害虫的目的,所述装置相对于已知的解决方案具有优点。
所述任务通过根据权利要求1所述的装置来解决。本发明的特别有利的实施方式是从属权利要求的主题。
用于温度控制运输的隔离的海运集装箱,也称为冷却集装箱,是一种相对于标准海运集装箱尤其热绝缘的大空间贮藏器,其典型地用于温度敏感的货物。尤其存在具有集成的冷却设备(冷却单元)的冷却集装箱,其中,冷却单元通过电流运行。这种冷却集装箱也被称为集成集装箱。冷却集装箱具有基本上为矩形的基本形状,其具有典型的40英尺(约12m)长的长轴。集装箱的装载口典型地布置在两个端侧中的一个处,而冷却单元布置在另一个端侧处,典型地通过容纳口来插入。在此,冷却单元可以通过环绕的法兰利用螺栓连接环绕容纳口的外边缘可拆卸地固定。在冷却单元中被冷却的空气能够流入到集装箱内部空间中。冷却集装箱的内底部可以如此构造有纵向肋,使得在肋之间保留用于冷却空气的纵向通道。典型地,由此实现了在集装箱内的空气循环。
对于本发明的功能性而言,不需要集装箱具有冷却机组或者冷却机组不需要是可运行的。
冷却集装箱的使用具有以下优点,即可以廉价地获得旧的冷却集装箱。在冷却机组损坏时尤其如此。
与库房相比,通过本来就存在的热绝缘得到每个经处理的车辆的高的能量效率。
与为了热处理而增强的库房相比,在本发明的解决方案中,感应器的安装明显更少地花费。用于加热机动车的内部空间的通风技术的安装也明显更少地花费。尤其是,在根据本发明的解决方案中的下底部通风技术的安装明显更低地花费。
由多个冷却集装箱组成的设备相对于为了热处理而增强的、通常明显大于冷却集装箱的存储厅具有另外的优点,即通过在每个冷却集装箱中只对少量机动车、通常为两辆机动车进行热处理,可以毫无问题地在最低温度和最小持续时间方面对少量机动车进行单独热处理。
由多个冷却集装箱组成的设备的最大容量可以自由地调整。在不被使用的时间期间,集装箱也可以高效地存放或堆垛(也可在港口之外),由此避免了对昂贵的港口面积的无用的占用。因为冷却集装箱改装成根据本发明的装置仅意味很少的干预,所以也可以将该集装箱改装回去并再次用于其最初的目的。
所提出的移动式热水源能够租用并且无需许可地装上。由此省去用于无用时间的资本成本。
优选地,至少一个通风机和至少一个热交换器布置在集装箱中。由此避免了由于布置在集装箱外而引起的能量损失。
优选地,至少一个通风机和至少一个热交换器集成在一个单元中。这些单元已提供于市场上。
优选地,集装箱包括能够通过电流运行的冷却单元,该冷却单元包括可能是可运行的冷却机组和至少一个通风机。冷却单元的本来已经存在的通风机于是同样可以用于空气的运动和分配。在此,冷却单元优选布置在集装箱的两个端侧中的一个处。优选地,冷却单元在端侧的内侧处形成竖直的井,其中,冷却单元的后壁在功能上补充集装箱的壁或与其相同,其中,与冷却单元的后壁相对置的横向壁具有至少一个通口,空气能够通过所述通口从井流入集装箱和/或从集装箱流入井。
优选地,流动通过热交换器的物质之一通过管路从集装箱的外部输入,并通过管路排出到集装箱的外部。
优选地,所述机动车是轿车。
优选地,至少一个热交换器是水-空气热交换器。优选热交换器由移动式热水源供应。优选地,热交换器的热功率总计至少为100kW。优选地,集装箱在两个端侧的每侧处具有至少一个热交换器和通风机。优选地,该装置包括两个热交换器,其热功率分别是至少50kW。
优选地,在冷却单元的横向壁中的检查盖由金属片替代,各个热交换器的供给和回送软管各自穿过该金属片。
优选地,至少一个管可以平行于集装箱的纵向侧通过至少两个出口使空气分布在集装箱内部空间中。特别有利的是,在管上装上径流式通风机。在此,各出口优选是可调节的。优选地,出口以规则的间距布置。优选地,所述至少一个管是卷绕折叠管。优选地,在顶部的区域中在一个纵向侧壁的区域中分别布置一个管。通过这些措施实现了将由热交换器加热的空气有针对性地还引导到待加热的机动车的区域中,否则其加热会持续明显更长的时间。
优选地,布置在集装箱的底部处的肋被部分地覆盖,空气可以在所述肋之间流动,从而在所述肋之间流动的空气仅可以通过特定的开口向上流动。在此,优选空气通过至少一个布置在冷却单元中的通风机压入肋之间的空间中。优选地,所述开口是可调节的。优选地,所述开口以规则的间隔布置。这些措施也实现了将加热的空气有针对性地引导到待加热的机动车的区域中,否则其加热会持续明显更长的时间。通过利用本来就存在于冷却集装箱底部中的肋和利用冷却单元的通风机,与为了热处理而增强存储厅相比,下底部通风技术的安装明显更简单。
优选地,照明装置布置在集装箱内部空间中。优选地,存在紧急停止开关。
优选地,装置在装载口处具有可翻转的上行坡(Auffahrrampe)。装载坡(上行坡)优选可与集装箱可拆卸地连接。装载坡优选地可以经由至少一个夹紧装置可拆卸地固定在集装箱底部处的冷却肋处。
优选地,通过组合多个集装箱能够加热在长度、宽度和/或高度上更大的待处理货物件或机动车。
优选在集装箱内部空间中布置至少一个有线连接的感应器。优选地,由感应器测得的或根据测量值计算得到的值可以被传送到适用于对所述值进行证明的仪器。
优选地,当所有测量值都达到预定的极限值时,测量全部值都连续保持在预定的范围中的时间,并且在预定的最小时间结束之后产生可光学或声学感知的信号。
优选地,用于至少一个热交换器的供给温度最大为95摄氏度。
优选地,存在一种系统,其包括四个根据本发明的装置,其中四个集装箱由共同的400kW热水源供应。
附图说明
借助附图进一步阐述本发明。示出了:
图1示出了根据本发明的装置,
图2示出了根据本发明的装置的平面图,
图3示出了从外部观察的根据本发明的装置的后壁。
具体实施方式
图1示出了在隔离的海运集装箱1的装载口打开并且装载坡2a和2b翻出的状态中的根据本发明的装置。例如为了杀死害虫而应进行热处理的机动车可以经由装载坡2a、2b滚进集装箱内部空间。在装载坡2a和2b向上翻转之后,通过枢转两个翼板3a和3b可关闭装载口。当装载口关闭时,在集装箱1的内部空间的两个端侧处分别布置有单元4a、4b,在所述单元中分别集成有热交换器和通风机。在集装箱1的内部空间的与装载口相对置的端侧上存在横向壁5,在该横向壁的后面存在未示出的包围两个通风机的冷却单元。在该图中未示出的冷却单元构成竖直的井。冷却单元的后壁在功能上补充了集装箱的与装载口相对置的壁。横向壁5具有未示出的通口,空气可以通过该通口从所述井流入到集装箱内部空间中。在集装箱内部空间的顶部的区域中,管6a、6b分别平行于纵向侧布置在纵向侧壁的区域中,管6a、6b可经由以规则的间隔布置的多个可调节的出口7使空气分布在集装箱内部空间中。在所述管的背离装载口的端部处分别装上未示出的径流式通风机。在集装箱的底部处布置有肋8,通过在冷却单元中的未示出的通风机被压到肋之间的空间中的空气可以流动通过所述肋。所述肋由板9部分地覆盖,使得在肋之间流动的空气仅能够向上流动通过存在于板之间的开口。与电缆有线连接的感应器10悬挂在集装箱内部空间的纵向壁处。此外示出了喇叭11、喷洒器设备12、环照灯13、两个运行显示器14a、14b和紧急停止开关15。
图2所示的平面图示出了冷却单元16在冷却集装箱内的布置。
图3示意性示出了从外部观察的集装箱的与装载口相对置的壁。此后壁在功能上通过冷却单元的后壁补充。

Claims (15)

1.用于机动车或机动车部件的热处理的装置,尤其用于杀死害虫的目的,所述装置包括用于温度控制运输的隔离的海运集装箱,其中,除了可能布置在所述集装箱中的冷却机组之外,所述装置还包括至少一个通风机和至少一个热交换器,所述冷却机组可能是能运行的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述至少一个通风机和所述至少一个热交换器布置在所述集装箱中。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述至少一个通风机和所述至少一个热交换器被集成在单元中。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述集装箱包括能够通过电流运行的冷却单元,该冷却单元包括可能是能运行的冷却机组和至少一个通风机,其中,所述冷却单元布置在所述集装箱的两个端侧中的一个处,其中,冷却单元在端侧的内侧处形成竖直的井,其中,冷却单元的后壁在功能上补充集装箱的壁或与其相同,其中,与冷却单元的后壁相对置的横向壁具有至少一个通口,空气能够通过所述通口从井流入集装箱和/或从集装箱流入井。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,流动通过热交换器的物质之一通过管路从集装箱的外部输入,并通过管路排出到集装箱的外部。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,热交换器由移动式热水源供应。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述集装箱在两个端侧中的每个处具有至少一个热交换器和通风机,其中,两个热交换器的热功率分别为至少50kW。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,至少一个管可以平行于集装箱的纵向侧通过至少两个出口使空气分布在集装箱内部空间中。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,在顶部的区域中在一个纵向侧壁的区域中分别布置一个管,其中,在所述管上装上径流式通风机。
10.根据权利要求4至9中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,布置在集装箱的底部处的肋被部分地覆盖,空气可以在所述肋之间流动,从而在所述肋之间流动的空气仅可以通过特定的开口向上流动,其中,空气通过至少一个布置在冷却单元中的通风机压入所述肋之间的空间中。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置在装载口处具有可翻转的装载坡,其中装载坡可经由至少一个夹紧装置可拆卸地固定在集装箱底部处的冷却肋处。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,通过组合多个所述集装箱能够加热在长度、宽度和/或高度上更大的待处理货物件或机动车。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,在所述集装箱内部空间中布置有至少一个有线连接的感应器。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,当所有测量值都达到预定的极限值时,测量全部值都连续保持在预定的范围中的时间,并且在预定的最小时间结束之后产生可光学或声学感知的信号。
15.包括四个分别根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置的系统,其特征在于,四个集装箱由共同的400kW热水源供应。
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