CN113152097A - 一种汗渍轻减纺织品 - Google Patents

一种汗渍轻减纺织品 Download PDF

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CN113152097A
CN113152097A CN202010073708.5A CN202010073708A CN113152097A CN 113152097 A CN113152097 A CN 113152097A CN 202010073708 A CN202010073708 A CN 202010073708A CN 113152097 A CN113152097 A CN 113152097A
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textile
sweat
resin
refractive index
sweat stain
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顾坚
符晔
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Toray Fibers and Textiles Research Laboratories China Co Ltd
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Toray Fibers and Textiles Research Laboratories China Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种汗渍轻减纺织品。该纺织品的单纤维表面覆盖有平均折射率为1.40～2.00的树脂，且根据JIS L1907 滴下法测得所述纺织品的吸水性为10秒以内，根据BOKEN法测得所述纺织品的汗渍防止性在4级以上。本发明的纺织品具有优异的吸水性以及汗渍轻减性，在具备舒适性的同时也减少了出汗时的尴尬，可以广泛应用于衬衫、T恤、POLO衫等。

Description

一种汗渍轻减纺织品
技术领域
本发明属于纺织品领域，具体涉及一种具有汗渍轻减效果的纺织品。
背景技术
众所周知，当人体大量出汗时，汗液往往会渗透到衣服外表面，因水的折射率较小，使得汗渍区域颜色看起来较深，严重影响了外观美观性。特别是商务场合，腋下大量的汗渍被人看到后会出现非常尴尬的局面。市场上常见的汗渍防止纺织品主要分为两类：一类是通过对面料进行透湿防水膜贴合或涂层，以达到汗渍不能渗透到纺织品外表面，但该类纺织品只有透湿性却不具备透气性，舒适性较差。另一类是通过拒水纱线或单面拒水处理来达到单面拒水纺织品，以达到汗渍在单面渗透扩散而不会渗透到纺织品外表面。如专利文献CN103161045B中公开了一种吸湿排汗针织物的防汗迹整理方法通过该方法加工所得纺织品具有一定的防汗迹效果，但单面上的拒水性能会影响到里表面的吸水性，从而影响到速干性、蒸发性以及可洗涤性的穿着舒适性等。
因此，在不改变纺织品原有物性及功能性的情况下，获得汗渍轻减功能是有待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种在保持原有物性及功能性的基础上，具有优越的汗渍轻减效果的纺织品。
本发明的技术方案如下：
本发明的汗渍轻减纺织品，其单纤维表面覆盖有平均折射率为1.40～2.00的树脂，且根据JIS L1907 滴下法测得所述纺织品的吸水性为10秒以内，，根据BOKEN法测得所述纺织品的汗渍防止性在4级以上。
本发明通过将高折射率的树脂在单纤维的表面形成薄膜，吸汗后利用该薄膜的折射作用，增强光线的反射，使肉眼观察到的颜色变浅，汗渍痕迹减轻，在具备舒适性的同时也减少了出汗时的尴尬。
具体实施方式
常规纤维的折射率一般在1.48～1.72之间，而汗液中除少量盐分外大多是水，其折射率接近水的折射率1.33。当汗液浸湿衣服时，光线先射入衣服表面附着的汗液，再射到衣服表面发生反射，然后再次射入衣服表面的水，发生第2次折射，再次进入空气。因为进行了两次折射，所以光线路径的角度发生了很大的变化，大部分光线不能射入人的眼睛，所以在肉眼看来，衣服上被汗液浸湿的部位的颜色就变深了。
将高折射率的树脂在单纤维的表面形成薄膜，吸汗后通过高折射率树脂层薄膜的折射作用，增强光线的反射，使肉眼观察到的颜色变浅，汗渍痕迹减轻。若树脂的平均折射率过低的话，不仅不能使汗渍痕迹减轻，还会使纺织品本身的颜色变暗；而树脂的平均折射率过高的话，虽然会大大减轻汗渍痕迹，但面料本身会发亮。因此，形成本发明纺织品的单纤维表面覆盖有平均折射率为1.40～2.00的树脂，根据BOKEN法测得其汗渍防止性在4级以上。
为了保证穿着的舒适性，本发明的纺织品还具有一定的吸水性，根据JIS L1907滴下法测得本发明的纺织品的吸水性为10秒以内。
本发明所用树脂的具体成分没有限定，可采用折射率高于常规纤维，且水溶性优良、加工性能安定、安全无污染等特点的吸水性树脂。优选为聚氨酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚丙烯酸甲酯中的一种或更多种。
为了进一步提高树脂的折射率，可以通过改性的方法将高折射率的基团接枝到上述树脂中。考虑到在碳原子数相同时，引入芳香族基团、氨基等基团后会提高树脂的折射率。因此，本发明中更优选在上述树脂上接枝-OC6H5、-SC6H5、-NH2和-COC6H5中的一种或多种基团。
上述树脂以薄膜状覆盖于单纤维表面，薄膜厚度过低的话，有可能不能有效增强光线的折射，吸汗后肉眼看到的颜色仍然偏深，汗渍轻减程度有限；厚度过高的话，折射作用有增强的趋势，有可能会改变原来纺织品的颜色，使干燥时肉眼看到的纺织品的颜色偏浅。本发明中，优选树脂成膜的厚度为50nm～1000nm。
为了进一步提高树脂的折射率，优选在上述树脂中添加折射率为1.80～4.00的纳米粒子。纳米粒子的折射率过低，有可能不能有效提高树脂的折射率；而纳米粒子的折射率过高，反射量增加，有可能使纺织品的颜色发生改变。
作为本发明所用纳米粒子，其种类没有特别限定，优选氧化锌、二氧化钛、硫化锌、硫酸钡、硒化锌和有机硅中的一种或多种。
本发明所用纳米粒子，粒径过小的话，有可能出现大多数的粒子沉积在薄膜层的内侧，对薄膜层的折射率提高有限；而粒径过大的话，特别是超出薄膜层的厚度时，膜面粗糙，表面的漫反射增强，肉眼观察到的颜色偏暗，有可能出现汗渍痕迹明显的问题。本发明中，优选纳米粒子的平均粒径为20～1000nm。
构成本发明纺织品的纱线形态没有特别限定，可以是短纤混纺纱，也可以是长丝。所用纤维原料也没有特别限定，可以是天然纤维、化学纤维等，其中化学纤维优选聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯纤维、聚氨纶纤维和腈纶纤维中的一种或更多种。
本发明纺织品的组织没有特别限定，当其为两层或3层结构时，优选表层的纤维单丝粗细度为2～5旦尼尔（以下简称D），里层和/或中间层的纤维单丝粗细度为0.8～1.8D。
下面结合实施例及比较例对本发明进一步说明。
本发明中涉及的各参数测试方法如下。
（1）树脂或纳米粒子的平均折射率
通过阿贝折射仪测定。
（2）纳米粒子的平均粒径
通过透射电子显微镜测试。
（3）吸水性
根据JIS L 1907：2010滴下法测试。
（4）汗渍防止性（BOKEN法）
①选取15cm×15cm大小的纺织品一块，在20℃×65RH%的环境下调湿24小时；
②在纺织品的贴肤侧滴下约0.04mL水；
③60秒后，用JIS变退色用灰卡(JIS L 0804:2004)对纺织品的朝外侧的滴水部分及未滴水部分进行级判定。
（5）树脂层的平均厚度
通过透射电子显微镜测试。
（6）通气性
根据JIS L 1096：2010A法测试。
实施例1
选用由棉纤维和涤纶纤维形成的毛坯，经煮漂、染色、烘干后，浸轧车30g/L、折射率1.62的聚氨酯树脂液，一浸一轧，并经烘干定型(150℃*26m/分)，其中，棉纤维和涤纶纤维的混率为35：65，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表1。
实施例2
浸轧由折射率2.37、平均粒径20nm的硫化锌粒子（10g/L）和折射率1.62的聚氨酯树脂（30g/L）组成的树脂液，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表1。
实施例3
选用由棉纤维、涤纶纤维和聚乙烯纤维形成的毛坯，浸轧由折射率1.64、粒径1000nm的硫酸钡粒子（10g/L），改性聚氨酯树脂30g/L和改性聚丙烯酰胺树脂10g/L组成的树脂液，其中，棉纤维、涤纶纤维和聚乙烯纤维的混率为20：75：5，改性聚氨酯树脂和改性聚丙烯酰胺树脂的平均折射率为1.65，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表1。
实施例4
浸轧由折射率1.98、粒径100nm的氧化锌粒子（10g/L），改性聚氨酯树脂30g/L和改性聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂10g/L组成的树脂液，其中，改性聚氨酯树脂和改性聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂的平均折射率为1.64，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表1。
实施例5
浸轧由折射率1.64、粒径600nm的硫酸钡粒子（10g/L），改性聚氨酯树脂30g/L、改性聚丙烯酸甲酯树脂10g/L组成的树脂液，其中，棉纤维和涤纶纤维的混率为80：20，改性聚氨酯树脂和改性聚丙烯酸甲酯树脂的平均折射率为1.67，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表1。
实施例6
浸轧由折射率2.61、粒径300nm的二氧化钛粒子（10g/L），改性聚氨酯树脂30g/L和改性聚丙烯酰胺树脂10g/L组成的树脂液，其中，粘胶纤维、涤纶纤维和尼龙纤维的混率为30：30：40，改性聚氨酯树脂和改性聚丙烯酰胺树脂的平均折射率为1.65，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表1。
实施例7
选用由100%棉纤维形成的毛坯，浸轧由折射率1.93、粒径500nm的硒化锌粒子（10g/L），改性聚氨酯树脂30g/L和改性聚丙烯酰胺树脂10g/L组成的树脂液，其中，改性聚氨酯树脂和改性聚丙烯酰胺树脂的平均折射率为1.65，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表1。
实施例8
选用由棉纤维和涤纶纤维形成的毛坯，浸轧由硫酸钡粒子5g/L、二氧化钛粒子5g/L、改性聚氨酯树脂30g/L、改性聚丙烯酸甲酯树脂10g/L组成的树脂液，其中，棉纤维和涤纶纤维的混率为80：20，硫酸钡粒子和二氧化钛粒子的平均折射率为2.32、平均粒径为600nm的混合粒子，改性聚氨酯树脂和改性聚丙烯酸甲酯树脂的平均折射率为1.67，其余同实施例1，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表1。
实施例9
硫化锌粒子的平均粒径为10nm，其余同实施例2，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表2。
实施例10
硫化钡粒子的平均粒径为1200nm，其余同实施例3，制得本发明的面料，各性能见表2。
比较例1
不浸轧树脂液，其余同实施例1，制得面料，各性能见表2。
比较例2
不浸轧树脂液，在毛坯上一侧粘贴防水透湿膜，其余同实施例5，制得面料，各性能见表2。
表1
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
表2
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

Claims (7)

1.一种汗渍轻减纺织品，其特征是：所述纺织品的单纤维表面覆盖有平均折射率为1.40～2.00的树脂，且根据JIS L 1907 滴下法测得所述纺织品的吸水性为10秒以内，根据BOKEN法测得所述纺织品的汗渍防止性在4级以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汗渍轻减纺织品，其特征是：所述树脂的成分为聚氨酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚丙烯酸甲酯中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求2所述汗渍轻减纺织品，其特征是：所述树脂上接枝有-OC6H5、-SC6H5、
-NH2和-COC6H5中的一种或多种基团。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述汗渍轻减纺织品，其特征是：所述树脂以薄膜状覆盖于单纤维表面，平均厚度为50nm～1000nm。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述汗渍轻减纺织品，其特征是：所述树脂中含有平均折射率为1.80～4.00的纳米粒子。
6.根据权利要求5所述汗渍轻减纺织品，其特征是：所述纳米粒子为氧化锌、二氧化钛、硫化锌、硫酸钡、硒化锌和有机硅中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求6所述汗渍轻减纺织品，其特征是：所述纳米粒子的平均粒径为20～1000 nm。
CN202010073708.5A 2020-01-22 2020-01-22 一种汗渍轻减纺织品 Pending CN113152097A (zh)

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