CN113142566A - Medlar probiotic powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medlar probiotic powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113142566A CN113142566A CN202110458348.5A CN202110458348A CN113142566A CN 113142566 A CN113142566 A CN 113142566A CN 202110458348 A CN202110458348 A CN 202110458348A CN 113142566 A CN113142566 A CN 113142566A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
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- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/123—Bulgaricus
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- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
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- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/21—Streptococcus, lactococcus
- A23V2400/249—Thermophilus
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- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
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Abstract
The invention discloses medlar probiotic powder and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of microorganisms and comprising the following specific steps: s1, weighing fructus Lycii, cleaning, soaking in water, grinding with colloid mill, pulping, adding enzymolysis agent into fructus Lycii pulp, performing enzymolysis, filtering, separating, removing fructus Lycii seeds, heating, and sterilizing to obtain enzymolysis fructus Lycii juice; s2, inoculating probiotics to the enzymolysis medlar juice, placing the medlar juice into a fermentation tank for constant-temperature fermentation, adjusting the pH value, and homogenizing to obtain medlar probiotic slurry; s3, carrying out vacuum freeze drying and ultramicro treatment to obtain the medlar probiotic powder. The medlar probiotic powder prepared by the method is beneficial to storage and transportation, and has the effects of regulating the balance of human intestinal flora, enhancing the immunity and the like while ensuring rich nutrition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microorganisms, in particular to a preparation method of medlar probiotic powder.
Background
The probiotics refers to a certain microbial preparation or a fermentation product which can generate beneficial physiological effects on a host by regulating the immune function of the host mucous membrane and the system or by improving the balance of intestinal nutrition and flora, and the composition of the flora at a certain part of the host is changed by the colonization effect, so that a single microorganism or a mixed microorganism with definite composition which is beneficial to the health of the host is generated. Is a microbial preparation containing physiologically active bacteria or dead cells (comprising metabolites and cells), and can improve the balance of flora or enzymes on the mucosal surface or stimulate the specific or non-specific immunity of the organism after being taken. Scientific research finds that beneficial strains such as bifidobacterium, lactobacillus and the like in the probiotics have the functions of regulating intestinal flora balance, promoting human digestion and absorption, promoting cell division, generating antibody immunity, enhancing human immunity, preventing cancer, inhibiting tumor growth and the like; it also has effects in relieving lactose intolerance, allergy, constipation, diarrhea, acute gastroenteritis, allergic gastroenteritis, acute diarrhea, gastric helicobacter pylori infection, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, chronic colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.
The medlar has excellent antioxidant effect, and can play a series of health care and health care functions of improving immunity, delaying senility, preventing cancer and resisting tumor, tonifying kidney and replenishing vital essence, nourishing liver and improving eyesight, whitening and beautifying, and the like. According to a recent survey report of world health organization: people who are really healthy all over the world account for only 5%; 20% of people diagnosed with the disease; over 75% of the other people are in sub-health. At present, people in the white-collar class and people who take mental labor as occupations have overlarge mental stress, and are lack of exercise for a long time of sitting and working over work, so that the immunity is easily reduced and the body constipation is easily caused. How to retain the nutritive value of the medlar to the maximum extent in the processing technology and to be matched with beneficial bacteria for fermentation to obtain medlar probiotic products with rich nutrition and various functions is a research hotspot in the field.
Therefore, providing a medlar probiotic powder with improved technology and a preparation method thereof is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides medlar probiotic powder and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of medlar probiotic powder comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing and cleaning the medlar, adding water with the temperature of 45 ℃ for soaking for 2h, wherein the weight ratio of the material to the water is 1: 1-3, crushing and pulping the material and the water together by a colloid mill, adding an enzymolysis agent into the medlar pulp, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 30min, putting the medlar pulp into a separator, filtering and separating, removing medlar seeds, heating to 100 ℃ and sterilizing for 15min to obtain enzymolysis medlar juice;
s2, inoculating probiotics to the enzymolysis medlar juice, placing the medlar juice into a fermentation tank, keeping the temperature constant at 35-40 ℃, fermenting for 40-45 hours, adjusting the pH value, and homogenizing to obtain medlar probiotic slurry;
s3, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the medlar probiotic slurry, wherein the water content is 8-12% after drying, and carrying out ultramicro treatment to obtain medlar probiotic powder.
Preferably, the raw material wolfberry can be dried wolfberry, oil wolfberry or fresh wolfberry.
Preferably, the enzymolysis agent is one or more of cellulase, pectinase and protease.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the medlar pulp to the enzymolysis agent is 100: 0.1-1.
Preferably, the probiotics are one or more of bifidobacteria, lactobacillus bulgaricus, streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus plantarum.
Preferably, the total inoculation amount of the probiotics is 5 x 107CFU/g-8×107CFU/g。
Preferably, the fermentation is stopped at a pH of 3.8 to 4.0.
A medlar probiotic powder, which is prepared according to the preparation method of the medlar probiotic powder of any one of claims 1 to 8.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fermented medlar probiotic powder is beneficial to storage and transportation, and has the effects of regulating the balance of human intestinal flora, enhancing the immunity and the like while ensuring rich nutrition.
Preferably, the temperature of the freeze-drying is from-20 ℃ to-30 ℃.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the processing technology of vacuum freeze drying can effectively retain the nutrient components in the medlar, reduce the nutrient loss in the process flow and ensure that the product has bright color and luster and antioxidant substances.
Preferably, the particle size of the ultra-micro treatment is not more than 40 microns.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ultrafine treatment ensures that the product has uniform particle size, fine and smooth taste, is easier to digest and greatly improves the palatability.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention produces the medlar probiotic powder by colloid mill crushing, enzymolysis separation and filtration, heating sterilization, inoculation probiotic fermentation, homogenization low-temperature sterilization, vacuum freeze drying and ultramicro treatment. The invention overcomes the problem of partial loss of fat-soluble and water-soluble nutrient elements caused by the separation of the fresh Chinese wolfberry peel and residue in the existing production of the fresh Chinese wolfberry puree at normal temperature, and the new production mode can better preserve all nutrients of the fresh Chinese wolfberry.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
embodiment 1 discloses a preparation method of medlar probiotic powder, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing and cleaning the medlar, adding water of 45 ℃ for soaking for 2 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the material to the water is 1: 1, grinding and pulping the material and the water together by a colloid mill, adding cellulase into medlar pulp, wherein the weight ratio of the medlar pulp to the cellulase is 100: 0.1, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃, carrying out enzymolysis for 30min, putting the medlar pulp into a separator for filtration and separation, removing medlar seeds, heating to 100 ℃, and sterilizing for 15min to obtain enzymolysis medlar juice;
s2, inoculating the enzymolysis fructus Lycii juice with probiotics such as Bacillus bifidus and Lactobacillus in an amount of 5 × 107Placing the mixture into a fermentation tank, keeping the temperature at 35 ℃ for 40h, fermenting, adjusting the pH value to 3.8, and homogenizing to obtain medlar probiotic slurry;
s3, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the medlar probiotic slurry at the temperature of-20 ℃, wherein the water content after drying is 8-12%, and carrying out ultramicro treatment to obtain medlar probiotic powder.
Example 2:
embodiment 2 discloses a preparation method of medlar probiotic powder, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing and cleaning the medlar, adding water with the temperature of 45 ℃ for soaking for 2 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the material to the water is 1: 3, crushing and pulping the material and the water together by a colloid mill, adding cellulase, pectinase and protease into medlar pulp, wherein the weight ratio of the medlar pulp to the cellulase is 100: 1, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃ for enzymolysis for 30min, putting the medlar pulp into a separator for filtration and separation, removing medlar seeds, heating to 110 ℃ for sterilization for 15min, and obtaining enzymolysis medlar juice;
s2, inoculating the enzymolysis fructus Lycii juice with probiotics such as Bacillus bifidus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus plantarum, wherein the total inoculation amount of the probiotics is 8 × 107Placing the mixture into a fermentation tank, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃, fermenting for 45 hours, adjusting the pH value to 4.0, and homogenizing to obtain medlar probiotic slurry;
s3, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the medlar probiotic slurry at the temperature of-30 ℃, wherein the water content after drying is 8-12%, and carrying out ultramicro treatment to obtain medlar probiotic powder.
Example 3:
embodiment 3 discloses a preparation method of medlar probiotic powder, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing and cleaning the medlar, adding water with the temperature of 45 ℃ for soaking for 2 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the material to the water is 1: 2, grinding and pulping the material and the water together with a colloid mill, adding pectinase into the medlar pulp, wherein the weight ratio of the medlar pulp to cellulase is 100: 0.5, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃, carrying out enzymolysis for 30min, putting the medlar pulp into a separator for filtration and separation, removing medlar seeds, heating to 105 ℃, and sterilizing for 15min to obtain enzymolysis medlar juice;
s2, inoculating the enzymolysis medlar juice with probiotics, wherein the probiotics are lactobacillus and lactobacillus bulgaricus, and the total inoculation amount of the probiotics is 7 multiplied by 107Placing the mixture into a fermentation tank at a constant temperature of 36 ℃ for 42h, fermenting, adjusting the pH value to 3.9, and homogenizing to obtain medlar probiotic slurry;
s3, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the medlar probiotic slurry at the temperature of-25 ℃, wherein the water content after drying is 8-12%, and carrying out ultramicro treatment to obtain medlar probiotic powder.
Example 4:
embodiment 4 discloses a preparation method of medlar probiotic powder, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing and cleaning the medlar, adding water with the temperature of 45 ℃ for soaking for 2 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the material to the water is 1: 2.5, grinding and pulping the material and the water together by a colloid mill, adding cellulase and pectinase into the medlar pulp, wherein the weight ratio of the medlar pulp to the cellulase is 100: 0.3, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃ for enzymolysis for 30 minutes, putting the medlar pulp into a separator for filtration and separation, removing medlar seeds, and heating to 103 ℃ for sterilization for 15 minutes to obtain enzymolysis medlar juice;
s2, inoculating the enzymolysis medlar juice with probiotics, wherein the probiotics are streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus plantarum, and the total inoculation amount of the probiotics is 6 multiplied by 107Placing the mixture into a fermentation tank at a constant temperature of 38 ℃ for fermentation for 43 hours, adjusting the pH value to 3.8, and homogenizing to obtain medlar probiotic slurry;
s3, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the medlar probiotic slurry at the temperature of-22 ℃, wherein the water content after drying is 8-12%, and carrying out ultramicro treatment to obtain medlar probiotic powder.
Example 5:
embodiment 5 discloses a preparation method of medlar probiotic powder, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing and cleaning the medlar, adding water with the temperature of 45 ℃ for soaking for 2 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the material to the water is 1: 1.5, grinding and pulping the material and the water together by a colloid mill, adding pectinase and protease into the medlar pulp, wherein the weight ratio of the medlar pulp to cellulase is 100: 0.8, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃ for enzymolysis for 30 minutes, putting the medlar pulp into a separator for filtration and separation, removing medlar seeds, and heating to 107 ℃ for sterilization for 15 minutes to obtain enzymolysis medlar juice;
s2, inoculating the enzymolysis medlar juice with probiotics, wherein the probiotics are bifidobacterium, lactobacillus bulgaricus and streptococcus thermophilus, and the total inoculation amount of the probiotics is 7.5 multiplied by 107Placing the mixture into a fermentation tank at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ for fermentation for 44h, adjusting the pH value to 3.8, and homogenizing to obtain medlar probiotic slurry;
s3, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the medlar probiotic slurry at the temperature of-27 ℃, wherein the water content after drying is 8-12%, and carrying out ultramicro treatment to obtain medlar probiotic powder.
Comparative example 1
Wolfberry powder was prepared according to the process steps of example 1, with the same process parameters except that no probiotic was inoculated.
Comparative example 2
Dried medlar fruits which are not treated by the embodiment process.
The finished product of the medlar probiotic powder obtained in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 are detected, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2:
table 1:
| item | Protein (g) | Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (g) | Matrimony vine betaine (g) | Ash content (g) |
| Example 1 | 13.7 | 4.8 | 979.8 | 1.2 |
| Example 2 | 13.8 | 4.7 | 980.5 | 1.3 |
| Example 3 | 13.6 | 4.6 | 978.6 | 1.2 |
| Example 4 | 14.0 | 4.8 | 980.2 | 1.4 |
| Example 5 | 14.1 | 4.6 | 980.8 | 1.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 13.9 | 4.6 | 982.3 | 1.4 |
| Comparative example 2 | 13.8 | 4.7 | 980.4 | 3.3 |
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the products obtained in examples 1-5 retained all the nutrients in the pulp of Lycium barbarum to the maximum extent.
According to the data in table 2, it can be determined that the decrease of the corresponding probiotics in the product with the increase of the added probiotics species is mainly due to the mutual inhibition of different species of probiotics in the fermentation, and the probiotics also change with the changes of the conditions such as the addition amount, the temperature, the pH value and the like. In conclusion, the processes of examples 1-5 all adopted provide better conditions for the propagation of probiotics.
In addition, corresponding to examples 1-5 and comparative example 1, respectively, the invention also adopts the following steps that the change of the intestinal flora of the mice is researched by taking the medlar probiotic powder by the mice:
taking 60 mice with dysbacteriosis of intestinal tract, dividing the mice into 6 groups, respectively corresponding to examples 1-5 and comparative example 1, additionally selecting 10 normal mice as a normal control group, wherein the administration dose is 3g, the normal control group is administered with distilled water with the same volume once a day for 30 days continuously, and recording the influence of the probiotic powder of the medlar on the number of the normal flora of the intestinal tract of the mice with dysbacteriosis of the intestinal tract after 30 days, as shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
Comparison of 5 examples with comparative example 1, a normal control group, shows that: the medlar probiotic powder obtained by inoculating probiotics and performing fermentation treatment can obviously increase the number of beneficial flora in the intestinal tract of a mouse and is beneficial to adjusting the balance of the intestinal flora.
According to the invention, the medlar is subjected to colloid mill crushing, enzymolysis, separation and filtration, heating sterilization, probiotic inoculation fermentation, homogenization, low-temperature sterilization, vacuum freeze drying and ultramicro treatment to produce the medlar probiotic powder, all nutrient elements in medlar pulp are retained, and rich probiotics are also contained, the medlar probiotic powder obtained through fermentation is beneficial to storage and transportation, has the effects of regulating the balance of human intestinal flora, enhancing the immunity and the like while ensuring rich nutrition, and has a relatively high industrialization prospect.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of medlar probiotic powder is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, weighing and cleaning the medlar, adding water with the temperature of 45 ℃ for soaking for 2h, wherein the weight ratio of the material to the water is 1: 1-3, crushing and pulping the material and the water together by a colloid mill, adding an enzymolysis agent into the medlar pulp, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 30min, putting the medlar pulp into a separator, filtering and separating, removing medlar seeds, heating to 100 ℃ and sterilizing for 15min to obtain enzymolysis medlar juice;
s2, inoculating probiotics to the enzymolysis medlar juice, placing the medlar juice into a fermentation tank, keeping the temperature constant at 35-40 ℃, fermenting for 40-45 hours, adjusting the pH value, and homogenizing to obtain medlar probiotic slurry;
s3, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the medlar probiotic slurry, wherein the water content is 8-12% after drying, and carrying out ultramicro treatment to obtain medlar probiotic powder.
2. The method for preparing probiotic powder of medlar according to claim 1, wherein the enzymolysis agent is one or more of cellulase, pectinase and protease.
3. The method for preparing probiotic powder of medlar according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the medlar pulp to the enzymolysis agent is 100: 0.1-1.
4. The method for preparing the probiotic powder of medlar according to claim 1, wherein the probiotics is one or more of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus bulgaricus, streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus plantarum.
5. The method for preparing the probiotic powder of medlar according to claim 1, wherein the total inoculation amount of the probiotics is 5 x 107CFU/g-8×107CFU/g。
6. The method for preparing probiotic powder of medlar according to claim 1, wherein fermentation is stopped when the pH is 3.8-4.0.
7. The method for preparing probiotic powder of medlar according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of freeze-drying is from-20 ℃ to-30 ℃.
8. The method for preparing probiotic powder of medlar according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the ultramicro treatment is not more than 40 μm.
9. A medlar probiotic powder, which is prepared according to the preparation method of the medlar probiotic powder of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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