CN113142231A - 一种杀菌剂组合物 - Google Patents
一种杀菌剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113142231A CN113142231A CN202011134219.2A CN202011134219A CN113142231A CN 113142231 A CN113142231 A CN 113142231A CN 202011134219 A CN202011134219 A CN 202011134219A CN 113142231 A CN113142231 A CN 113142231A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/58—1,2-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazines
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种杀菌剂组合物,所述杀菌剂组合物包含如下化合物作为活性组分:化合物A:4‑氯‑2‑(1,1‑二甲基乙基)‑5‑[[[4‑(1,1‑二甲基乙基)苯基]甲基]硫基]‑3(2H)‑哒嗪酮;和化合物B:丙森锌;所述化合物A和化合物B的质量配比为1:10‑10:1。本发明使用化合物A和化合物B复配,得到的组合物具有优异的防治效果。同时,组合物扩大了杀菌谱,具有增效作用,可提高防治病害效果、使病菌不易产生抗药性,可用于防治蔬菜如黄瓜、白菜、菠菜、辣椒、番茄等,以及马铃薯、葡萄、柑橘、香蕉等作物上霜霉病、晚疫病、疫病、猝倒病、白粉病、锈病、炭疽病等,还有大豆根腐病、烟叶黑胫病等。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农用杀菌剂领域,具体涉及一种杀菌剂组合物。
背景技术
霜霉病、白粉病和疫病是瓜类、果树、蔬菜等作物的常见多发病害,严重影响产品的产量和品质,常常成为毁灭性病害。
霜霉病由真菌中的霜霉菌引起的植物病害。霜霉病从幼苗到收获各阶段均可发生,以成株受害较重。主要为害叶片,由基部向上部叶发展。发病初期在叶面形成浅黄色近圆形至多角形病斑,空气潮湿时叶背产生霜状霉层,有时可蔓延到叶面。后期病斑枯死连片,呈黄褐色,严重时全部外叶枯黄死亡。病菌以菌丝在种子或秋冬季蔬菜上为害越冬,也可以卵孢子在病残体上越冬。主要通过气流、浇水、农事及昆虫传播。病菌孢子萌发温度为6~10℃,适宜侵染温度15~17℃。田间种植过密、定植后浇水过早、过大、土壤湿度大、排水不良等容易发病。春末夏初或秋季连续阴雨天气最易发生,病害严重时可造成20%~40%产量损失。
白粉病是由真菌中的白粉菌科(Erysiphacesae)引起的植物病害。例如:由禾白粉菌(Ery-siphegraminis)引起的禾谷类白粉病;由苍耳单丝壳(Sphaerothecafuliginea)引起的瓜类、豆类、麻类等多种植物的白粉病;由葡萄钩丝壳(Uncinulanecator)引起的葡萄白粉病;由榛球针壳(Phyllactiniacorylea)引起的桑、梨、柿、核桃、栗、荔枝、番木瓜等80多种树木的白粉病;由蔷薇单丝壳(Sphaerothecapannosa)引起的蔷薇属花卉的白粉病等。在白粉病的防治上,目前主要依赖咪唑类、三唑类、甲氧丙烯酸酯类等杀菌剂。这些药剂因为长期使用已产生了不同程度的抗药性,防治效果降低。另外,三唑类药剂在使用剂量大时对作物的生长有抑制作用,容易引发药害。
疫病主要是指由疫霉属(Phytophthora)真菌引起的一类病害,主要引起植物花、果、叶部组织的快速坏死和腐烂。高湿是影响病害发生和传播的主要因素。其中辣椒疫病、瓜类疫病和马铃薯晚疫病是比较重要的病害。
目前用于防治霜霉病、白粉病和疫病的药剂主要有丙森锌、霜脲氰、烯酰吗啉、氟吗啉、百菌清、甲霜灵、氟啶胺、氟啶酰菌胺、苯噻菌胺。
上述防霜霉病、白粉病和疫病药剂因为长期使用已产生了不同程度的抗药性,防治效果降低,单独施用药量越来越大。同时药剂的大量使用增加了农药残留。危害食品安全,加重环境污染。因此将不同作用机理的杀菌剂复配将是科学、合理用药的发展需要。
通过研究,发现化合物A即4-氯-2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-[[[4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基]甲基]硫基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮对蔬菜、水果、以及大田作物上发生的霜霉病、晚疫病、疫病、猝倒病、白粉病、锈病、炭疽病、根腐病、黑胫病等具有很好的防治效果。为了避免单独使用产生抗药性的缺陷,将化合物A与不同作用机理的杀菌剂进行合理混配,具有显著的增效作用,提高了防治效果、减少施药次数和用药量,还有助于避免病菌抗性的发生和延缓抗药性的产生速度,可以解决农药单剂应用过程中的抗性等问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种杀菌剂及其组合物,显著提高防治效果、减少施药次数和用药量,还有助于避免病菌抗性的发生和延缓抗药性的产生速度,可以解决农药单剂应用过程中的抗性等问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种杀菌剂,所述杀菌剂以化合物A作为活性成分,所述化合物A为4-氯-2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-[[[4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基]甲基]硫基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮。
一种杀菌剂组合物,所述杀菌剂组合物是以协同增效有效量包含如下化合物作为活性组分:
1)化合物A:4-氯-2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-[[[4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基]甲基]硫基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮;和2)至少一种选自下组的活性化合物B:
正丁胺(butylamine);霜脲氰(cymoxanil);霜脲氰(cymoxanil);多果定(dodine);双胍盐(guazatine);双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine);苯霜灵(benalaxyl);精苯霜灵(Benalaxyl-M);麦锈灵(benodanil);苯基异羟肟酸(benzohydroxamic acid);N-(3′,4′-二氯-5-氟二苯-2-基)-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰胺(bixafen);萎锈灵(carboxin);环丙酰菌胺(carpropamid);双胺灵(chloraniformethan);环菌胺(cyclafuramid);环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid);苯磺菌胺(dichlofluanid);双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet);烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph);甲呋酰胺(fenfuram);环酰菌胺(fenhexamid);稻瘟酰胺(fenoxanil);(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-{3-[(异丁酰基氧)甲氧基]-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-甲酰胺基}-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬环-7-基异丁酸酯(fenpicoxamid);咯菌腈(fludioxonil);氟联苯菌(flumetover);氟吗啉(flumorph);氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide);氟吡菌酯(fluopicolpkd);氟醚菌酰胺(fluopimomide);氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram);磺菌胺(flusulfamide);氟酰胺(flutolanil);呋霜灵(furalaxyl);呋吡唑灵(furametpyr);二甲呋酰胺(furcarbanil);拌种胺(furmecyclox);N-[1,1-二甲基-2-(4-异丙氧基-邻甲苯基)-2-氧代乙基]-3-甲基噻吩-2-甲酰胺(isofetamid);(RS)-2-甲氧基-N-甲基-2-[α-(2,5-二甲苯氧基)-o-甲苯基]乙酰胺(mandestrobin);双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid);邻酰胺(mebenil);丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil);甲霜灵(metalaxyl);精甲霜灵(metalaxyl-M);呋菌胺(methfuroxam);甲呋酰胺(ofurace);氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin);氟唑菌苯胺(penflufen);吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad);吡喃灵(pyracarbolid);(Z)-N-{2-[3-氯-5-(环丙基乙炔基)-2-吡啶基]-2-(异丙氧基亚氨基)乙基}-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺(pyrapropoyne);[N-(3′,4′-二氟联苯-2-基)-3-(三氟甲基)吡嗪-2-甲酰胺](pyraziflumid);醌菌腙(quinazamid);水杨酰苯胺(salicylanilide);氟唑环菌胺(sedaxane);硅噻菌胺(silthiofam);叶枯酞(tecloftalam);噻呋酰胺(thifluzamide);噻酰菌胺(tiadinil);硫氰苯甲酰胺(tioxymid);甲磺菌胺(tolnifanide);甲苯磺菌胺(tolylfluanid);水杨菌胺(trichlamide);嗪胺灵(triforine);霜霉灭(valifenalate);抑霉胺(vangard);氰菌胺(zarilamid);苯酰菌胺(zoxamide);金色制酶素(aureofungin);灭瘟素(blasticidin S);放线菌酮(cycloheximide);灰黄霉素(griseofulvin);春雷霉素(kasugamycin);吗啉胍(moroxydine);粘噻唑(myxothiazol);那他霉素(natamycin);多抗霉素(polyoxin);多氧霉素(polyoxorim);链霉素(streptomycin);有效霉素(validamycin);联苯(biphenyl);氯硝萘(chlorodinitronaphthalenes);地茂散(chloroneb);百菌清(chlorothalonil);愈创木酚(cresol);氯硝胺(dicloran);酚菌酮(fenjuntong);六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene);五氯酚(pentachlorophenol);五氯硝基苯(quintozene);五氯酚钠(sodium pentachlorophenate);四氯硝基苯(tecnazene);硫氰基二硝基苯(thiocyanatodinitrobenzenes);嘧啶酮(pyriofenone);苯菌酮(metrafenone);甲基硫菌灵(thiophanate-methyl);甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl);呋甲硫菌灵(furophanate);苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb-isopropyl);灭瘟唑(chlobenthiazone);二歧杆菌(dichlobentiazox);烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole);苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb-isopropyl);灭瘟唑(chlobenthiazone);二歧杆菌(dichlobentiazox);呋甲硫菌灵(furophanate);烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole);甲基硫菌灵(thiophanate-methyl);乙霉威(diethofencarb);丁基氨基甲酸碘代丙炔酯(iodocarb);异丙菌胺或缬霉威(iprovalicarb);(6-{[(Z)-(甲基-1H-5-四唑基)(苯基)亚甲基]氨基氧基甲基}-2-吡啶基)氨基甲酸特丁酯(picarbutrazox);霜霉威(propamocarb);硫菌威(prothiocarb);2,2,2-三氟乙基(S)-[2-甲基-1-(p-甲苯酰氨甲基)丙基]氨基甲酸酯(tolprocarb);代森锰(maneb);代森联(metiram);代森福美锌(polycarbamate);代森锌(zineb);代森铵(amobam);氧化福美双(azithiram);吗菌威(carbamorph);棉隆(dazomet);双硫仑(disulfiram);代森硫(etem);福美铁(ferbam);代森锰锌(mancozeb);威百亩(metam);代森环(milneb);代森钠(nabam);丙森锌(propineb);福代硫(tecoram);福美双(thiram);抑霉唑(imazalil);恶咪唑(oxpoconazole);高效抑霉唑(S-imazalil);氟菌唑(triflumizole);氯咪巴唑(climbazole);克霉唑(clotrimazole);咪唑菌酮(fenamidone);咪菌腈(fenapanil);麦穗宁(fuberidazole);果绿啶(glyodin);稻瘟酯(pefurazoate);丙氯灵(prochloraz);涕必灵(thiabendazole);咪唑嗪(triazoxide);阿苯达唑(albendazole);苯菌灵(benomyl);多菌灵(carbendazim);2-(2-氯苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2(chlorfenazole);氰菌灵(cypendazole);咪菌威(debacarb);N-[甲基1-(2-甲基硫基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯并咪唑-2-基)氨基甲酸甲酯(mecarbinzid);吡咪唑(rabenzazole);唑嘧菌胺(ametoctradin);吲唑磺菌胺(amisulbrom);双苯三唑醇(bitertanol);糠菌唑(bromuconazole);环唑醇(cyproconazole);苯醚甲环唑(difenoconazole);烯唑醇(diniconazole);氟环唑(epoxiconazole);乙环唑(etaconazole);腈苯唑(fenbuconazole);三氟苯唑(fluotrimazole);氟喹唑(fluquinconazole);氟硅唑(flusilazole);粉唑醇(flutriafol);呋菌唑(furconazole);呋醚唑(furconazole-cis);己唑醇(hexaconazole);亚胺唑(imibenconazole);种菌唑(ipconazole);异氟康唑(ipfentrifluconazole);甲芬氟康唑(mefentrifluconazole);叶菌唑(metconazole);腈菌唑(myclobutanil);戊菌唑(penconazole);丙环唑(propiconazole);丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole);硅氟唑(simeconazole);戊唑醇(tebuconazole);四氟醚唑(tetraconazole);三唑酮(triadimefon);三唑醇(triadimenol);叶锈特(triazbutil);灭菌唑(triticonazole);烯效唑(uniconazole);高烯效唑(uniconazole-P);恶唑菌酮(famoxadone);恶霉灵(hymexazol);氰霜唑(cyazofamid);噁霜灵(oxadixyl);啶菌恶唑(acetoxazole);肼菌酮(drazoxolon);肼叉噁唑酮(metazoxolon);氟噻唑吡乙酮(oxathiapiprolin);乙烯菌核利(vinclozolin);辛癸酸铜(acypetacs-copper);碱式碳酸铜(basic copper carbonate);碱式硫酸铜(basic copper sulfate);波尔多液(bordeauxmixture);碳酸钠波尔多液(burgundy mixture);切欣特混合液(cheshunt mixture);乙酸铜(copper acetate);氢氧化铜(copper hydroxide);环烷酸铜(copper naphthenate);油酸铜(copper oleate);氧氯化铜(copper oxychloride);硅酸铜(copper silicate);硫酸铜(copper sulphate);铜锌铬酸盐(copper zinc chromate);壬菌铜(cuppric nonylphenolsulfonate);福美铜氯(cuprobam);氧化亚铜(cuprous oxide);代森锰铜(mancopper);喹啉铜(oxine-copper);敌菌丹(captafol);克菌丹(captan);乙菌利(chlozolinate);菌核利(dichlozoline);菌核净(dimethachlon);灭菌丹(folpet);异菌脲(iprodione);氯苯咪菌酮(isovaledione);甲菌利(myclozolin);腐霉利(procymidone);硫氯苯亚胺(thiochlorfenphim);乐杀螨(binapacryl);敌螨通(dinobuton);敌螨普(dinocap);敌菌死(dinocton);硝戊酯(dinopenton);硝辛酯杀螨剂(dinosulfon);硝丁酯(dinoterbon);二硝酚(DNOC);消螨多(meptyldinocap);二硫化碳(carbon disulfide);二甲基二硫醚(dimethyl disulfide);溴甲烷(methyl bromide);甲基碘(methyl iodide);硫代碳酸钠(sodium tetrathiocarbonate);醌肟腙(benquinox);硫磺(sulfur);4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph);抑菌啉(benzamorf);十二环吗啉(dodemorph);丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph);十三吗啉(tridemorph);氨丙磷酸(ampropylfos);灭菌磷(ditalimfos);稻瘟净(EBP);克瘟散(edifenphos);藻菌磷(fosetyl);乙膦铝(fosetyl-Aluminum);环己硫磷(hexylthiofos);苯稻瘟净(inezin);异稻瘟净(iprobenfos);浸种磷(izopamfos);氯瘟磷(phosdiphen);亚磷酸(Phosphorousacid)及其盐;定菌磷(pyrazophos);甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl);威菌磷(triamiphos);癸磷锡(decafentin);薯瘟锡(fentin-acetate);三苯锡(fentin);三丁基氧化锡(tributyltin oxide);多硫化钡(barium polysulfide);石硫合剂(calciumpolysulfide);多硫化钾(potassium polysulfide);多硫化钠(sodium polysulphide);苯并烯氟菌唑(benzovindiflupyr);胺苯吡菌酮(fenpyrazamine);氟苯吡菌胺(fluxapyroxad);3-(二氟甲基)-N-[(R)-2,3-二氢-1,1,3-三甲基-1H-茚-4-基]-1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰胺(inpyrfluxam);N-(5-氯-2-异丙基苄基)-N-环丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺(isoflucypram);吡唑萘菌胺(isopyrazam);氟唑菌酰羟胺(pydiflumetofen);唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin);3-氯-4-(2,6-二氟苯基)-6-甲基-5-苯基哒嗪(pyridachlometyl);4-苯氧基苄基2-氨基-6-甲基烟酸酯(aminopyrifen);啶酰菌胺(boscalid);磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate);丁硫啶(buthiobate);双硫氧吡啶(dipyrithione);氟啶胺(fluazinam);啶菌胺(peip);吡菌苯威(pyribencarb);啶菌腈(pyridinitril);啶斑肟(pyrifenox);啶菌噁唑(pyrisoxazole);吡氯灵(pyroxychlor);氯吡呋醚(pyroxyfur);嘧菌环胺(cyprodinil);氟嘧菌胺(diflumetorim);甲菌定(dimethirimol);乙菌定(ethirimol);异嘧菌醇(fenarimol);嘧菌腙(ferimzone);嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim);氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol);二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil);嘧菌醇(triarimol);拌种咯(fenpiclonil);氟氯菌核利(fluoroimide);8-羟基喹啉(8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate);四氯对醌(chloranil);二氯萘醌(dichlone);二氰蒽醌(dithianon);乙氧喹啉(ethoxyquin);丙烯酸喹啉酯(halacrinate);2[2-(7-8-二氟-2-甲基喹啉-3-氧基)-6-氟苯基]丙醇-2-醇(ipflufenoquin);丙氧喹啉(proquinazid);1-(8-羟基-5-喹啉)乙酮(quinacetol);4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-1-喹啉-3-异喹啉(quinofumelin);苯氧喹啉(quinoxyfen);异丁乙氧喹啉(tebufloquin);喹菌酮(chinomethionat);四氯喹噁啉(chlorquinox);克杀螨(thioquinox);噻森铜(saisentong);噻菌铜(thiodiazole-copper);噻唑锌(zinc thiazole);苯噻硫氰(benthiazole);叶枯唑(bismerthiazol);噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam);土菌灵(etridiazole);异噻菌胺(isotianil);噻菌胺(metsulfovax);辛噻酮(octhilinone);丙唑草隆(bentaluron);戊菌隆(pencycuron);乙酰胆碱酯酶-锌(acypetacs-zinc);硫杂灵(cufraneb);多氧霉素D锌盐(polyoxorim-zinc);萘酸锌(zinc naphthenate);三氯酚锌(zinc trichlorophenate);福美锌(ziram);硫氯酚(bithionol);双氯酚(dichlorophen);二苯胺(diphenylamine);六氯酚(hexachlorophene);氯苯吡啶(parinol);甲香菌酯(coumethoxystrobin);丁香菌酯(coumoxystrobin);醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin);烯肟菌酯(enestroburin);烯肟菌胺(fenaminstrobin);氟菌螨酯(flufenoxystrobin);氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin);醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl);苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin);肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin);啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin);唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin);唑胺菌酯(pyrametostrobin);氯啶菌酯(triclopyricarb);肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin);噻菌茂(saijunmao);稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane);噻二呋(thiadifluor);氟噻唑菌腈(flutianil);大蒜素(allicin);小檗碱(berberine);香芹酚(carvacrol);香芹酮(carvone);蛇床子素(osthol);血根碱(sanguinarine);茴蒿素(santonin);N-(4’-溴联苯-2-基)-4-二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺;N-(4’-三氟甲基联苯-2-基)-4-二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺;N-(4’-氯-3’-氟联苯-2-基)-4-二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺;N-(3’,4’-二氯-4-氟联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰胺;N-(3',4'-二氯-5-氟联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰胺;3,4-二氯-N-(2-氰基苯基)异噻唑-5-甲酰胺;N-(2-{4-[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔氧基]-3-甲氧苯基}乙基)-2-甲磺酰氨基-3-甲基丁酰胺;N-(2-{4-[3-(4-氯苯基)-丙-2-炔氧基]-3-甲氧苯基}乙基)-2-乙磺酰氨基-3-甲基丁酰胺;噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl);武夷霉素(astromicin);噻霉酮(benziothiazolinone);芸苔素内酯(brassinolide);矮壮素(chlormequat);赤霉素(gibberellin);双胍三辛烷基苯磺酸盐(iminoctadine trialbesilate);恶喹酸(oxolinic acid);调环酸(prohexadione)及其盐;2-氨基丁烷(sec-Butylamine);邻-苯基苯酚钠(sodium o-phenylphenoxide);抗倒酯(trinexapac-ethyl);嗪胺灵(triforine);
所述活性组分1)和活性组分2)的质量配比为1:100-100:1。
所述化合物A的单剂含量为0.1-95。
作为优选,所述活性组分2)为至少一种选自下组的活性化合物B:
双苯三唑醇(bitertanol);糠菌唑(bromuconazole);苯醚甲环唑(difenoconazole);烯唑醇(diniconazole);氟硅唑(flusilazole);粉唑醇(flutriafol);己唑醇(hexaconazole);腈菌唑(myclobutanil);戊菌唑(penconazole);丙环唑(propiconazole);丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole);硅氟唑(simeconazole);戊唑醇(tebuconazole);氟醚唑(tetraconazole);氟菌唑(triflumizole);环丙唑醇(cyproconazole);氟环唑(epoxiconazole);氟喹唑(fluquinconazole);三唑醇(triadimenol);抑霉唑(imazalil);恶咪唑(oxpoconazole);恶唑菌酮(famoxadone);氟啶胺(fluazinam);啶菌恶唑(Acetoxazole);灭螨猛(chinomethionat);丙氧喹啉(proquinazid);苯氧喹啉(quinoxyfen);唑嘧菌胺(ametoctradin);环唑醇(cyproconazole);氧唑菌(epoxiconazole);喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole);环戊唑醇(ipconazole);环戊唑菌(metconazole);三唑酮(triadimefon);唑菌醇(triadimenol);戊叉菌唑(triticonazole);丙氯灵(prochloraz);烯菌灵(imazalil);苯菌灵(benomyl);多菌灵(carbendazim);涕必灵(thiabendazole);麦穗宁(fuberidazole);氯唑灵(etridiazole);土菌消(hymexazole);氧环唑(azaconazole);高效烯唑醇(diniconazole);腈苯唑(fenbuconazole);种菌唑(ipconazole);叶菌唑(metconazole);四氟醚唑(tetraconazole);灭菌唑(triticonazole);高效抑霉唑(imazalil);稻瘟酯(pefurazoate);恶霉灵(hymexazol);土菌灵(etridiazole);辛噻酮(octhilinone);苯噻硫氰(benthiazole);二氰蒽醌(dithianon);乙氧喹啉(ethoxyquin);羟基喹啉(hydroxyquinoline sulfate);粘噻唑(myxothiazol);叶枯唑(bismerthiazol);烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole);高烯效唑(uniconazole-P);烯效唑(uniconazole);呋醚唑(furconazole-cis);呋菌唑(furconazole);乙环唑(etaconazole);叶锈特(triazbutil);三氟苯唑(fluotrimazole);氯咪巴唑(climbazole);克霉唑(clotrimazole);异氟康唑(ipfentrifluconazole);甲芬氟康唑(mefentrifluconazole);氟吗啉(flumorph);烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph);百菌清(chlorothalonil);代森锰锌(mancozeb);霜脲氰(cymoxanil);氰霜唑(cyazofamid);氟吡菌胺(picobenzamid);霜霉威(propamocarb);甲霜灵(metalaxyl);噁唑菌酮(famoxadone);噻霉酮(benziothiazolinone);苯酰菌胺(zoxamide);吡唑醚菌酯(pyraclostrobin);嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin);氟噻唑吡乙酮(oxathiapiprolin);乙磷铝(fosetyl aluminum);壬菌铜;丙森锌(propineb);代森锌(zineb);烯肟菌酯(enestroburin);乙嘧酚磺酸酯(enestroburin);乙嘧酚(ethirimol);醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl);吡唑萘菌胺(isopyrazam);氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad);啶酰菌胺(boscalid);双胍三辛烷基苯磺酸盐(iminoctadine trialbesilate);多抗霉素(polyoxin);武夷霉素(astromicin);小檗碱(berberine);甲基硫菌灵(thiophanatemethyl);双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)。
作为优选,所述活性组分2)为至少一种选自下组的活性化合物B:
氟硅唑(flusilazole);粉唑醇(flutriafol);腈菌唑(myclobutanil);丙环唑(propiconazole);戊唑醇(tebuconazole);氟环唑(epoxiconazole);三唑酮(triadimefon);多菌灵(carbendazim);恶霉灵(hymexazol);氟吗啉(flumorph);烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph);百菌清(chlorothalonil);代森锰锌(mancozeb);霜脲氰(cymoxanil);氰霜唑(cyazofamid);氟吡菌胺(picobenzamid);霜霉威(propamocarb);甲霜灵(metalaxyl);噁唑菌酮(famoxadone);噻霉酮(benziothiazolinone);苯酰菌胺(zoxamide);氟啶胺(fluazinam);吡唑醚菌酯(pyraclostrobin);嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin);氟噻唑吡乙酮(oxathiapiprolin);乙磷铝(fosetyl aluminum);壬菌铜;丙森锌(propineb);代森锌(zineb);烯肟菌酯(enestroburin);乙嘧酚磺酸酯(enestroburin);乙嘧酚(ethirimol);醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl);吡唑萘菌胺(isopyrazam);氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad);苯醚甲环唑(difenoconazole);啶酰菌胺(boscalid);双胍三辛烷基苯磺酸盐(iminoctadine trialbesilate);多抗霉素(polyoxin);武夷霉素(astromicin);小檗碱(berberine);甲基硫菌灵(thiophanate methyl);双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)。
所述活性组分1)和活性组分2)的质量配比为1:50-50:1。
所述活性组分1)和活性组分2)的质量配比为1:25-25:1。
活性组分1)和活性组分2)的质量配比为1:10-10:1。
活性组分1)和活性组分2)的质量配比为1:5-5:1。
所述杀菌组合物还包含表面活性剂和/或填充剂。
所述活性组分1)和活性组分2)的含量占杀菌组合物的5%-90%。
所述化活性组分1)和活性组分2)的含量占杀菌组合物的10%-80%。
所述活性组分1)和活性组分2)的含量占杀菌组合物的20%-60%。
所述杀菌剂用于蔬菜、水果以及大田作物上发生的霜霉病、晚疫病、疫病、猝倒病、白粉病、锈病、炭疽病、根腐病、黑胫病的防治。
所述杀菌剂用于蔬菜、水果以及大田作物上发生的霜霉病、白粉病、疫病的防治。
所述杀菌剂组合物用于蔬菜、水果以及大田作物上发生的霜霉病、晚疫病、疫病、猝倒病、白粉病、锈病、炭疽病、根腐病、黑胫病的防治。
所述杀菌剂组合物用于蔬菜、水果以及大田作物上发生的霜霉病、疫病白粉病的防治。
本发明杀菌组合物的剂型为乳油、水悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散颗粒剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、微囊剂、干悬浮剂或悬乳剂。本发明的所述制剂可通过已知方式将所述活性化合物与常规添加剂混合而制备。所述常规添加剂如常规增充剂以及溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂、分散剂、和/或粘合剂或固定剂、润湿剂、防水剂,如果需要,还可以包含催干剂和着色剂、稳定剂、颜料、消泡剂、防腐剂、增稠剂、水以及其它加工助剂。
本发明的组合物在防治植物病害所需浓度下具有良好的植物耐受性,这就使得可对植物的地上部分、离体繁殖株(propagationstock)、种子以及土壤进行处理。本发明的组合物还可叶面施用或者用于种子包衣。本发明还提供用本发明的组合物包衣的种子。
本发明的组合物具有有效的杀微生物活性,并且可在作物保护或材料保护中用于防治不想要的微生物,如真菌和细菌。我们发现与单一化合物相比,同时,即联合或分开施用化合物A和活性化合物B或依次施用化合物A和活性化合物B可以更好地防治有害真菌、细菌(协同增效混合物)。同时,联合或分开施用化合物A和活性化合物B超加和地增加了杀菌活性。
化合物A和活性化合物B的混合物,或同时,即联合或分开使用化合物A和活性化合物B对宽范围的植物病原性真菌,尤其是选自子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes)、半知菌纲(Deuteromycetes)、卵菌纲(Oomycetes)和担子菌纲(Basidiomycetes)的真菌具有优异的活性。
化合物A和活性化合物B的混合物,或同时,即联合或分开使用化合物A和活性化合物B可被用于防治植物致病细菌。如假单胞菌(Psedomonadaceae)、根瘤菌(Rhizobiaceae)、肠杆菌(Enterbacteriaceae)、棒杆菌(Cornebacteriaceae)以及链霉菌(Streptomycetaceae)。
作为实例可以非限制的方式提出以下归入上述属名的导致真菌病害和细菌病害的病原体:黄杆菌属菌种,例如水稻白叶枯黄单(Xanthomonascampestrispv.oryzae);假单胞菌属菌种,例如丁香假单孢杆菌黄瓜致病变种(Pseudomonas syringaepv.Lachrymans);欧文氏菌属菌种,例如梨水疫病欧文(氏)菌(Erwiniaamylovora);腐霉(Pythium)菌种,例如终极腐霉(Pythium ultimum);疫霉(Phytophthora)菌种,例如致病疫霉(Phytophthorainfestans);假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora)菌种,例如草假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora humuli)或古巴假霜霉(Pseudoperonosporacubensis);轴霜霉(Plasmopara)菌种,例如葡萄生轴霜霉(Plasmoparaviticola);盘霜霉(Bremia)菌种,例如莴苣盘霜霉(Bremia lactucae);霜霉(Peronospora)菌种,例如豌豆霜霉(Peronosporapisi)或十字花科霜霉(P.brassicae);白粉菌(Erysiphe)菌种,例如禾谷白粉菌(Erysiphegraminis);单囊壳属(Sphaerotheca)种,例如凤仙花单囊壳(Sphaerothecafuliginea);叉丝单囊壳属(Podosphaera)菌种,例如白叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaera-leucotricha);黑星菌属(Venturia)菌种,例如苹果黑星病菌(Venturiainaequalis);核腔菌属(Pyrenophora)菌种,例如圆核腔菌(Pyrenophorateres)或麦类核腔菌(P.graminea)(分生孢子形式:Drechslera,Syn:Helminthosporium);旋孢腔菌属(Cochliobolus)菌种,例如禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolussativus)(分生孢子形式:Drechslera,Syn:Helminthosporium);单胞锈菌属(Uromyces)菌种,例如疣顶单胞锈菌(Uromyces-appendiculatus);柄锈菌(Puccinia)菌种,例如隐匿柄锈菌(Puccinia recondita);核盘菌属(Sclerotinia)菌种,例如油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotiniasclerotiorum);腥黑粉菌属(Tilletia)菌种,例如小麦网腥黑粉菌(Tilletiacaries);黑粉菌(Ustilago)菌种,例如裸黑粉菌(Ustilago nuda)或燕麦黑粉菌(Ustilago avenae);薄膜革菌属(Pellicularia)菌种,例如佐佐木薄膜革菌(Pelliculariasasakii);梨孢(Pyricularia)菌种,例如稻梨孢(Pyricularia oryzae);镰孢属(Fusarium)菌种,例如黄色镰孢(Fusarium culmorum);葡萄孢属(Botrytis)菌种,例如灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea);壳针孢属(Septoria)菌种,例如颖枯壳针孢(Septorianodorum);小球腔菌属(Leptosphaeria)菌种,例如Leptosphaeria nodorum;尾孢属(Cercospora)菌种,例如变灰尾孢(Cercosporacanescens);链格孢属(Alternaria)菌种,例如芸薹链格孢(Alternariabrassicae);假小尾孢属(Pseudocercosporella)菌种,例如小麦基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides);层锈菌属(Phakopsora)菌种,例如豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsorapachyrhizi)和山马蝗层锈菌(Phakopsora meibomiae);以及丝核菌属(Rhizoctonia)菌种,例如立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctoniasolani)。本发明的组合物尤其适于防治如下植物病害:
蔬菜、油籽油菜、糖用甜菜和水果和稻上的链格孢(AIternaria)属,糖用甜菜和蔬菜上的丝囊霉(Aphanomyces)属,玉米、禾谷类、稻和草坪中的平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris)属和内脐蠕孢(Drechslera)属,禾谷类上的禾白粉菌(Blumeria graminis)(白粉病),草莓、蔬菜、花卉和葡萄藤上的灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)(灰霉病),莴苣上的莴苣盘梗霉(Bremialactucae),玉米、大豆、稻和糖用甜菜上的尾孢(Cercospora)属,玉米、禾谷类、稻上的旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus)属(例如禾谷类上的禾旋孢腔菌(Cochlio bolus sativus),稻上的宫部旋孢腔菌(Cochlio bolus miyabeanus),大豆和棉花上的刺盘孢(Colletotricum)属,禾谷类和玉米上的内脐蠕孢(Drechslera)属,玉米上的突脐蠕孢(Exserohilum)属,黄瓜上的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum)和单丝壳白粉菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea),各种植物上的镰孢霉(Fusarium)属和轮枝孢(Verticillium)属,禾谷类上的禾顶囊壳(Gaeumanomyces graminis)属,禾谷类和稻上的赤霉(Gibberella)属(例如稻上的藤仓赤霉(Gibberella fujikuroi)),稻上的革兰氏染色配合物(Grain staining complex),玉米和稻上的长蠕孢(Helminthosporium)属,禾谷类上的Michrodochium nivale,禾谷类、香蕉和花生上的球腔菌(Mycosphaerella)属,大豆上的豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi)和山马磺层锈菌(Phakopsara meibomiae),大豆和向日葵上的拟茎点霉(Phomopsis)属,土豆和西红柿上的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans),葡萄藤上的葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola),苹果上的苹果白粉病菌(Podosphaera leucotricha),禾谷类上的小麦基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides),啤酒花和葫芦上的假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora)属,禾谷类和玉米上的柄锈菌(Puccinia)属,禾谷类上的核腔菌(Pyrenophora)属,稻上的稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia 0ηzae)、笹木伏革菌(Corticiumsasakii)、帚梗柱孢属(Sarocladium oryzae)、稻叶鞘腐败病(S.attenuatum)、稻叶黑粉菌(Entyloma oryzae),草坪和禾谷类上的稻梨孢菌(Pyricularia grisea),草坪、稻、玉米、棉花、油籽油菜、向日葵、糖用甜菜、蔬菜和其他植物上的腐霉(Pythium)属,棉花、稻、土豆、草坪、玉米、油籽油菜、土豆、糖用甜菜、蔬菜和其他植物上的丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)属,油籽油菜和向日葵上的核盘菌(Sclerotinia)属,小麦上的小麦壳针孢(Septoria tritici)和颖枯壳多孢(Stagonospora nodorum),葡萄藤上的葡萄钩丝壳(Erysiphe),玉米和草坪上的Setospaeria属,玉米上的丝轴黑粉菌(Sphacelotheca reilinia),大豆和棉花上的根串珠霉(Thievaliopsis)属,禾谷类上的腥黑粉菌(Tilletia)属,禾谷类、玉米和糖用甜菜上的黑粉菌(Ustilago)属,苹果和梨上的黑星菌(Venturia)属(黑星病)。
本发明的组合物对在各种作物如棉花、蔬菜品种(例如黄瓜、豆类、西红柿、土豆和葫芦科植物)、大麦、禾草、燕麦、香蕉、咖啡、玉米、水果品种、稻、黑麦、大豆、葡萄藤、小麦、观赏植物、花生、油菜、甘蔗以及各种种子中防治大量真菌尤其重要。
本发明的组合物特别适于防治下列植物病原性真菌:禾谷类中的禾白粉菌(Blumeria graminis)(白粉病),葫芦科植物中的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum)和单丝壳(Sphaerotheca fuliginea),苹果中的苹果白粉病菌(Podosphaeraleucotricha),葡萄藤中的葡萄钩丝壳霉病(Uncinula necator),禾谷类中的柄锈菌(Puccinia)属,棉花、稻和草坪中的丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)属,禾谷类和甘蔗中的黑粉菌(Ustilago)属,苹果中的苹果黑星菌(Venturia inaequalis)(黑星病),禾谷类中的长蠕孢(Helminthosporium)属,小麦中的小麦颖枯病菌(Septorianodorum),草莓、蔬菜、观赏植物和葡萄藤中的灰葡萄孢(Botrytiscinerea)(灰霉病),花生中的落花生尾孢(Cercosporaarachidicola),小麦和大麦中的眼斑病菌(Pseudocercosporella Herpotrichoides),稻中的稻瘟病菌(Pyriculariaoryzae),土豆和西红柿中的致病疫霉(Phytophthorainfestans),葡萄藤中的葡萄单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola),啤酒花和黄瓜中的假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora)属,蔬菜和水果中的链格孢(Alternaria)属、香蕉中的球腔菌(Mycosphaerella)属以及链孢霉(Fusarium)和轮枝孢(Verticillium)。
本发明的组合物尤其适合于防治霜霉病、白粉病、疫病、猝倒病、锈病、炭疽病。
本发明所述组合物表现出低的毒性以及优良的植物耐受性。所有的植物及植物部位均可依据本发明来处理。本发明中植物的含义应被理解为所有的植物及植物种群,例如需要的及不需要的野生植物或作物植物(包括自然存在的作物植物)。作物植物可以是通过常规植物育种和优选法或通过生物技术和遗传工程方法或通过所述方法的结合而获得的植物,包括转基因植物,也包括受植物种苗权保护或不受其保护的植物品种。植物部位的含义应被理解为植物所有的地上及地下部位及植物器官,例如芽、叶、花和根,可列举的实例有叶、针叶、茎、干、花、子实体、果实、种子、根、块茎以及根茎。植物部位还包括采收物,以及无性与有性植物繁殖材料,例如秧苗、块茎、根茎、插条和种子。
依据植物品种或植物栽培种、其种植地点和生长条件(土壤、气候、植物生长期、营养),本发明的处理也可产生超加和性(协同的)效应。由此可取得如下超过实际预期的效果,例如可降低本发明组合物的施用量和/或加宽其作用谱和/或提高其活性、改善植物生长状况、提高高温或低温耐受性、提高对干旱或对水中或土壤中含盐量的耐受性、提高开花品质、使采收更简易、加速成熟、提高产量、提高采收产品的质量和/或改善其营养价值、改善采收产品的贮存性质和/或其加工性能。
根据本发明,使用化合物对植物和植物部位进行的处理依据常规处理方法直接进行,或通过处理其所处环境、生境或储存空间来实现,所述常规处理方法例如浸液、喷雾、蒸发、弥雾、撒播、涂抹;对于繁殖材料,尤其是种子,还可进行一层或多层包衣。
优选的施用方法是施用到植物地上部分,尤其是叶面施用;施用次数和施用比率取决于目标微生物的生物和气候生存条件。然而,活性成分也可以经由土壤或水通过根系达到植物体内,由此可用液体制剂浇灌所在地或者把该物质以固体形式掺入土壤中。本发明的组合物也可以在种子处理中施用到谷种上,由此块茎或谷物可用每种活性成分的液体制剂依次浸泡,或者用已经混合的湿或干的制剂包裹。
有效成分掺入植物所在地点,例如以颗粒的形式掺入土壤中(土壤施用),有效成分也可通过根系进入植物内部(内吸作用)。在将本发明的使用方法进行实施时所说的植物的土壤或栽培媒介是指能够使农作物生根、生长的支撑体,例如:土壤,水等,具体的原材料可以使用例如砂子、浮石、蛭石、硅藻土、琼胶、凝胶状物、高分子物质、石棉、木屑、树皮等。
在制备混合物时,优选使用纯活性化合物,需要的话可以将它们与对抗有害真菌或其他害虫如昆虫、蜘蛛或线虫的其他活性化合物或作为其他活性组分的除草或生长调节活性化合物或肥料混合。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,使用化合物A和活性化合物B的混合物。在某些条件下,可能有利的是将化合物A与两种或更多种活性化合物B组合。
化合物A和活性化合物B通常以100:1-1:100,优选50:1-1:50,优选25:1-1:25,优选10:1-1:10,尤其是5:1-1:5的重量比使用。
取决于化合物的类型和所需效果,本发明混合物的施用率为5-2000g/ha,优选50-900g/ha,尤其是50-750g/ha。
相应地,化合物A的施用率通常为1-1000g/ha,优选10-900g/ha,尤其是20-750g/ha。
在例如通过撒粉、包衣或浸泡种子的种子处理中,混合物的施用率通常为1-1000g/100kg种子,优选1-750g/100kg,尤其是5-500g/100kg。
防治有害真菌的方法通过在植物播种之前或之后或植物出苗之前或之后对种子、植物或土壤喷雾或撒粉以分开或联合施用化合物A和活性化合物B或化合物A与活性化合物B的混合物而进行。
可以将本发明的混合物或化合物A和活性化合物II转化成常规配制剂,例如溶液、乳液、悬浮液、粉剂、粉末、糊和颗粒。使用形式取决于特定的意欲目的,在每种情况下应确保本发明化合物精细和均匀地分布。
配制剂以已知的方式制备,例如通过将活性化合物与溶剂和/或载体混合而制备,需要的话使用乳化剂和分散剂。对该目的合适的溶剂/助剂主要为:
水、芳族溶剂(如Solvesso产品、二甲苯)、石蜡(如矿物油馏分)、醇类(如甲醇、丁醇、戊醇、苄醇)、酮类(如环己酮、γ-丁内酯)、吡咯烷酮(NMP、NOP)、乙酸酯(乙二醇二乙酸酯)、二元醇、脂肪酸二甲基酰胺、脂肪酸及脂肪酸酯。原则上还可以使用溶剂混合物。
载体如磨碎的天然矿物(如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩)和磨碎的合成矿物(如高度分散的硅石、硅酸盐);乳化剂如非离子和阴离子乳化剂(如聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐)以及分散剂如木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
所用的合适表面活性剂是木素磺酸、萘磺酸、苯酚磺酸、二丁基萘磺酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,烷基芳基磺酸盐,烷基硫酸盐,烷基磺酸盐,脂肪醇硫酸盐,脂肪酸和硫酸化脂肪醇乙二醇醚,还有磺化萘和萘衍生物与甲醛的缩合物,萘或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合物,聚氧乙烯辛基苯基醚,乙氧基化异辛基酚、辛基酚、壬基酚,烷基苯基聚乙二醇醚,三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚,三硬脂基苯基聚乙二醇醚,烷基芳基聚醚醇,醇和脂肪醇/氧化乙烯缩合物,乙氧基化蓖麻油,聚氧乙烯烷基醚,乙氧基化聚氧丙烯,月桂醇聚乙二醇醚缩醛,山梨醇酯,木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
适于制备可直接喷雾溶液、乳液、糊或油分散体的物质是中沸点到高沸点的矿物油馏分,如煤油或柴油,此外还有煤焦油和植物或动物来源的油,脂族、环状和芳族烃,例如甲苯、二甲苯、石蜡、四氢化萘、烷基化萘或其衍生物、甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、环己醇、环己酮、异氟尔酮,强极性溶剂,例如二甲亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和水。
粉末、撒播用材料和可撒粉产品可以通过将活性物质与固体载体混合或同时研磨而制备。
颗粒如涂覆颗粒、浸渍颗粒和均质颗粒可以通过将活性化合物与固体载体粘附而制备。固体载体的实例是矿土如硅胶、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、活性粘土(attaclay)、石灰石、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、黄土、粘土、白云石、硅藻土、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁;磨碎的合成材料;肥料如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素;植物来源的产品如谷粉、树皮粉、木粉和坚果壳粉,纤维素粉和其它固体载体。
种子处理用配制剂可以额外包含粘合剂和/或胶凝剂和合适的话着色剂。
配制剂通常包含0.01-95重量%,优选0.1-90重量%的活性化合物。活性化合物以90-100%,优选95-100%的纯度使用。
对于种子处理,所述配制剂在稀释2-10倍后在即用制剂中给出0.01-40重量%,优选0.1-30重量%的活性化合物浓度。
处理土壤时,活性成分的施用率通常为0.1至10000g/ha,优选为1至5000g/ha。
上述剂量仅是一般性的示例性剂量,实际施用时本领域的技术人员会根据实际情况和需要,尤其是根据待处理的植物或作物的性质以及病菌的严重性调整施用率。
本发明的组合物还可以与其它活性成分联合施用,例如用于扩大活性谱或防止形成抗性。所述其它活性成分例如杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、引诱剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、生长调节剂、除草剂、安全剂、肥料或化学信息素等。
本发明的有益效果:通过研究,发现化合物A即4-氯-2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-[[[4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基]甲基]硫基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮对蔬菜、水果、以及大田作物上发生的霜霉病、晚疫病、疫病、猝倒病、白粉病、锈病、炭疽病、根腐病、黑胫病等具有很好的防治效果。为了避免单独使用产生抗药性的缺陷,将化合物A与不同作用机理的杀菌剂进行合理混配,具有显著的增效作用,提高了防治效果、减少施药次数和用药量,还有助于避免病菌抗性的发生和延缓抗药性的产生速度,可以解决农药单剂应用过程中的抗性等问题。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,对本发明做进一步说明。应理解,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限制本发明的范围,该领域的技术熟练人员可以根据上述发明的内容作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
1.用水稀释的产品
A)水溶性浓缩物(SL、LS、GW、PA)
将10重量份本发明混合物溶于90重量份水或水溶性溶剂中。或者,加入湿润剂或其它助剂。活性化合物经水稀释溶解。以此方式得到活性化合物含量为10重量%的配制剂。
B)分散性浓缩物(DC)
将20重量份本发明混合物溶于70重量份环己酮中并加入10重量份分散剂如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。用水稀释得到分散体。活性化合物含量为20重量%。
C)乳油(EC)
将15重量份本发明混合物溶于75重量份二甲苯中并加入十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5重量份)。用水稀释得到乳液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为15重量%。
D)乳液(EW、EO、ES、ME)
将25重量份本发明混合物溶于35重量份二甲苯中并加入十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5重量份)。借助乳化机(Ultraturrax)将该混合物引入30重量份水中并制成均相乳液。用水稀释得到乳液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为25重量%。
E)悬浮液(SC、OD、FS、CS、SE、ZC、ZW、ZE)
在搅拌的球磨机中,将20重量份本发明混合物粉碎并加入10重量份分散剂和湿润剂以及70重量份水或有机溶剂,得到细碎活性化合物悬浮液。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物悬浮液。该配制剂中的活性化合物含量为20重量%。
F)水分散性颗粒和水溶性颗粒(WG、SG、EG、ST、EP、WT、GE、DF)
将50重量份本发明混合物细碎研磨并加入50重量份分散剂和湿润剂,借助工业装置(如造粒机、喷雾塔、流化床)将其制成水分散性或水溶性颗粒。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为50重量%。
G)水分散性粉末和水溶性粉末(WP、SP、SS、WS)
将75重量份本发明混合物在气流粉碎机中粉碎并加入25重量份分散剂、湿润剂和硅胶。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为75重量%。
H)凝胶配制剂
在球磨机中将20重量份本发明混合物、10重量份分散剂、1重量份胶凝剂和70重量份水或有机溶剂研磨得到精细悬浮液。用水稀释得到活性化合物含量为20重量%的稳定悬浮液。
2.不经稀释而施用的产品
I)可撒粉粉末(DP、DS)
将5重量份本发明混合物细碎研磨并与95重量份细碎高岭土充分混合。这得到活性化合物含量为5重量%的可撒粉产品。
J)颗粒(GR、FG、GG、MG)
将0.5重量份本发明混合物细碎研磨并结合99.5重量份载体。现行方法是挤出、喷雾干燥或流化床方法。这得到活性化合物含量为0.5重量%的不经稀释而施用的颗粒。
K)ULV溶液(UL)
将10重量份本发明混合物溶于90重量份有机溶剂如二甲苯中。这得到活性化合物含量为10重量%的不经稀释而施用的产品。
对于种子处理,通常使用水溶性浓缩物(LS)、悬浮液(FS)、可撒粉粉末(DS)、水分散性和水溶性粉末(WS、SS)、乳液(ES)、乳油(EC)和凝胶配制剂(GF)。这些配制剂可以未经稀释或优选稀释的形式施用于种子上。施用可以在播种前进行。
优选使用种子处理用FS配制剂。该类配制剂通常包含1-800g活性化合物/L,1-200g表面活性剂/L,0-200g防冻剂/L,0-400g粘合剂/L,0-200g着色剂/L和溶剂,优选水。
化合物A或活性化合物B的类似配制剂A-K包含相应量的各活性化合物。它们通常在施用之前在稀释到即用活性化合物浓度的过程中直接混合(桶混物)。
活性化合物在即用制剂中的浓度可以在较宽范围内变化。它们通常为0.0001-10%,优选0.01-1%。
活性化合物可以直接、以其配制剂形式或由其制备的使用形式(如可直接喷雾溶液、粉末、悬浮液或分散体、乳液、油分散体、糊、可撒粉产品、撒播用材料或颗粒),借助喷雾、雾化、撒粉、撒播或浇灌来使用。使用形式完全取决于意欲的目的;意欲在每种情况下确保本发明活性化合物的最佳可能分布。
含水使用形式可通过加入水由乳液浓缩物、糊或可湿性粉末(可喷雾粉末、油分散体)制备。为制备乳液、糊或油分散体,可借助湿润剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂将该物质直接或溶于油或溶剂中后在水中均化。然而,还可以制备由活性物质、湿润剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂以及合适的话溶剂或油组成的浓缩物且该浓缩物适于用水稀释。
活性化合物也可成功用于超低容量法(ULV),其中可以施用包含超过95重量%活性化合物的配制剂,或甚至施用不含添加剂的活性化合物。
可以向活性化合物中加入各种类型的油、润湿剂、辅助剂、除草剂、杀真菌剂、其他农药或杀菌剂,需要的话仅在紧临使用前加入(桶混物)。这些试剂通常与本发明组合物以1:100-100:1,优选1:10-10:1的重量比混合。
化合物A和B或混合物或对应制剂,通过用杀真菌有效量的混合物或在分开施用情况下的化合物A和B处理有害真菌、细菌,施用时间可以选择在有害真菌、细菌侵染之前或之后进行。
应用实施例
化合物和混合物的杀真菌效果通过下列试验证实:
本发明组合物对有害真菌的协同增效作用可通过下列实施例作进一步说明,但本发明绝非仅限于此。其中所述的活性组分即为本发明的杀菌组合物中的化合物A与其他杀菌剂活性成分B。
测试方法及评价方法如下:
两种活性化合物的特定组合的预期作用可使用所谓的"Colby公式"(参见S.R.Colby,“CalculatingSynergisticandAntagonisticResponsesofHerbicideCombinations”,Weeds1967,15,20-22)
如下计算:如果
X是当使用用量为αg/ha或浓度为αppm的活性化合物A时的活性;
Y是当使用用量为βg/ha或浓度为βppm的活性化合物B时的活性,表示为占未处理对照的百分率;
E是当使用用量为α和βg/ha或浓度为α和βppm的活性化合物A和B时的活性;
如果实际观察的活性大于预期活性,那么该组合物超加和,即具有增效作用。
实施例1防治黄瓜霜霉病试验
将品种为“山东密刺”的盆栽两叶期黄瓜苗用活性组分的水溶液(浓度如下所述)喷雾处理,24小时后,将黄瓜霜霉病孢子悬浮液接种在黄瓜叶片上,然后置于温度为18±1℃和相对湿度为90±5%的气候室中培养,3天后测定叶片上病菌侵染的发展程度。各单独的活性组分及本发明组合物黄瓜霜霉病的活性数据结果见表1和表2。
结果显示,组合物的实际防治效果值均大于理论防治效果值,组合物在试验配比范围内表现为增效作用。
表1单独活性组分对黄瓜霜霉病的防效
表2本发明组合物对黄瓜霜霉病防效
实施例2防治黄瓜白粉病试验
选择生长整齐一致、叶龄相同的黄瓜盆栽幼苗(品种:新泰密刺),按设计剂量在作物喷雾剂上进行叶面喷雾处理,另设不加药剂的空白对照。24小时后接种病原菌,接种后移至温室正常管理,培养条件(温度:昼23-28℃,夜18-20℃)培养8天后进行结果调查。调查每张叶片病菌侵染的发展程度。各单独的活性组分及本发明组合物防治黄瓜白粉病的活性数据结果见表3表4。
结果显示,组合物的实际防效均大于理论防效,组合物在试验配比范围内表现为增效作用。
表3单独活性组分对黄瓜白粉病防效
表4本发明组合物的活性
经过大量试验研究A与多种不同的组分B如烯酰吗啉、氟吗啉、氟吡菌胺、苯酰菌胺、氰霜唑、百菌清、代森锰锌、噻霉酮、乙磷铝、壬菌铜、霜脲氰、吡唑醚菌酯、氟噻唑吡乙酮等在1:10至10:1比例下,防治治番茄晚疫病,具有增效作用。对马铃薯晚疫病的防治同样具有很好的增效作用。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征以及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (10)
1.一种杀菌剂组合物,所述杀菌剂组合物是以协同增效有效量包含如下化合物作为活性组分:
化合物A:4-氯-2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-[[[4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基]甲基]硫基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮;
和化合物B:丙森锌;所述化合物A和化合物B的质量配比为1:10-10:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌剂组合物,其特征在于:所述化合物A和化合物B的质量配比为1:1-1:10。
3.根据权利要求2所述的杀菌剂组合物,其特征在于:所述化合物A和化合物B的质量配比为1:1、1:2或1:10。
4.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌剂组合物,其特征在于:所述杀菌剂组合物还包含表面活性剂和/或填充剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的杀菌剂组合物,其特征在于:所述化合物A和化合物B的含量占杀菌剂组合物的5%-90%。
6.根据权利要求5所述的杀菌剂组合物,其特征在于:所述化合物A和化合物B的含量占杀菌组合物的10%-80%。
7.根据权利要求6所述的杀菌剂组合物,其特征在于:所述化合物A和化合物B的含量占杀菌组合物的20%-60%。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一所述的杀菌剂组合物的应用,其特征在于:所述杀菌剂组合物用于蔬菜、水果以及大田作物上发生的霜霉病、晚疫病、疫病、猝倒病、白粉病、锈病、炭疽病、根腐病、黑胫病的防治。
9.根据权利要求8所述的杀菌剂组合物的应用,其特征在于:所述杀菌剂组合物用于蔬菜、水果以及大田作物上发生的霜霉病、疫病白粉病的防治。
10.根据权利要求1-7任一所述的杀菌剂组合物的应用,其特征在于:所述杀菌组合物的剂型为乳油、水悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散颗粒剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、微囊剂、干悬浮剂或悬乳剂。
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