CN113141865B - Flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf harvesting, and particularly relates to a flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvesting machine for harvesting upper tobacco leaves by using a flat-pressing type structure. A flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvester comprises a frame, a power control system, a driving system, a harvesting system, a conveying system and a boxing system; the harvesting system comprises a harvesting frame and a harvesting mechanism, the harvesting mechanism comprises two groups of chain transmission mechanisms in an inverted triangle structure, and a plurality of flat pressing type mechanical hands are horizontally and uniformly distributed on the transmission chains; the transmission system comprises a horizontal distribution mechanism, a horizontal transmission mechanism and a lifting transmission mechanism; the power control system is respectively connected with and controls the manipulator hydraulic driver, the horizontal leaf-pressing roller hydraulic driver and the lifting and conveying crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver; the upper tobacco leaves are pressed down by a flat pressing type mechanical arm, collected and sequentially boxed by a conveying system and a boxing system. The invention adopts a flat pressing type mechanical hand system for harvesting so as to reduce the breakage rate of tobacco leaves and adopts a plurality of groups of transmission systems so as to improve the transmission efficiency.

Description

Flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvesting machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf harvesting, and particularly relates to a flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvesting machine for harvesting upper tobacco leaves by using a flat-pressing type structure.

Background

With the rapid development of economy in China, the difficulty in hiring workers and the high labor are the main problems in the production of flue-cured tobacco mainly by manpower. The harvesting process of the tobacco leaves consumes labor, and traditionally, the whole bundle of tobacco leaves is taken out of a tobacco field after the tobacco leaves are harvested one by one from a tobacco plant by manpower. In order to realize the labor reduction and cost reduction of the tobacco leaf harvesting link, in recent years, the tobacco area in China tries to replace manual tobacco leaf harvesting by machinery, devices such as circular harvesting, zigzag harvesting and spiral harvesting appear, and breakthrough progress is achieved. However, the upper leaves are above the tobacco plant, and compared with the middle and lower tobacco leaves, the leaves are thicker and brittle and have thick main veins, the geographical environment and climate conditions are more complex, the conditions of land shape, ventilation, air permeability, water drainage and the like are different, the agricultural requirements for planting the tobacco leaves in each tobacco area are not uniform, and the upper leaves of the tobacco plant have diversified agricultural techniques. Although the most mature 2TTH type, 6360 type and RA341 type tobacco leaf harvesters were introduced and improved from the companies DeCloet, MarCo, USA and SPAPPERI, Italy, etc., successively, the problem of high breakage rate of upper leaves after harvesting has not been effectively solved.

On the basis of the principle of the existing harvester, the invention simulates a harvesting method for manually harvesting upper leaves in the field, improves the damaged key parts, and simultaneously optimizes and upgrades the original matched mechanical harvesting mode and various auxiliary facilities. By means of a new mechanical harvesting mode, the problem that the damage rate of the upper fresh tobacco leaves is high after harvesting is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem of high upper tobacco leaf harvesting breakage rate in the prior art, the invention provides a flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvester which adopts a flat-pressing type mechanical arm system to harvest to reduce the tobacco leaf breakage rate and adopts a plurality of groups of conveying systems to improve the conveying efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvester comprises a frame, a power control system, a driving system, a harvesting system, a conveying system and a boxing system; the harvesting system is provided with two groups of harvesting frames which are symmetrically fixed at two sides below the rack, and comprises a frame-shaped harvesting frame fixed on the rack and a harvesting mechanism fixed on the harvesting frame; the harvesting mechanism comprises two groups of driving rotary upper wheels, driven rotary upper wheels and driven rotary lower wheels which are in an inverted triangle structure and are respectively and rotatably connected with the two inner sides of the harvesting frame, and transmission chains which are transmitted on the driving rotary upper wheels, the driven rotary upper wheels and the driven rotary lower wheels, the two groups of driving rotary upper wheels, the driven rotary upper wheels and the driven rotary lower wheels are respectively and coaxially and oppositely arranged, the two groups of transmission chains are mutually parallel arranged, a plurality of flat-pressing type manipulators are horizontally and uniformly distributed on the two groups of transmission chains, and a manipulator hydraulic driver is connected with and drives the driving rotary upper wheels to rotate towards the advancing direction of the harvesting machine; the transmission system comprises a horizontal distribution mechanism, a horizontal transmission mechanism and a lifting transmission mechanism; the horizontal distribution mechanism is provided with two groups and is respectively fixed below the two groups of harvesting frames, the horizontal distribution mechanism comprises two groups of horizontal leaf pressing rollers which are opposite in rotation direction and are respectively connected with the machine frame in a rotating mode at two ends, a tobacco plant passing gap is arranged between the two groups of horizontal leaf pressing rollers, and the tobacco plant passing gap is driven by a horizontal leaf pressing roller hydraulic driver to rotate towards a direction far away from the tobacco plant passing gap; the horizontal conveying mechanism comprises three groups of horizontal conveying crawler assemblies which are respectively arranged on two sides of the horizontal distribution mechanism in parallel; the lifting and conveying mechanism comprises three groups of lifting and conveying crawler assemblies which are respectively connected with the horizontal conveying crawler assemblies, the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies are driven by a hydraulic driver of the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies to convey towards the boxing system, and the horizontal conveying crawler assemblies convey towards the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies; two triangular guide plates which are inwardly closed are respectively fixed on the machine frame which is connected with the horizontal leaf-pressing roller in the direction far away from the lifting and conveying mechanism; the power control system is respectively connected with and controls the manipulator hydraulic driver, the horizontal leaf-pressing roller hydraulic driver and the lifting and conveying crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver; and the upper tobacco leaves are pressed down by the flat pressing type mechanical arm and then harvested, and are sequentially boxed by the horizontal distribution mechanism, the horizontal transmission mechanism, the lifting transmission mechanism and the boxing system.

Preferably, the flat pressing type mechanical hand comprises a transverse flat pressing strip with two ends respectively connected to the transmission chain and longitudinal distributing strips which are uniformly distributed and vertically connected to the transverse flat pressing strip.

Preferably, the lifting and conveying crawler assembly comprises a front side conveying crawler assembly and a rear side conveying crawler assembly, the hydraulic driver of the lifting and conveying crawler assembly comprises a hydraulic driver of the front side conveying crawler assembly and a hydraulic driver of the rear side conveying crawler assembly, the front side conveying crawler assembly and the rear side conveying crawler assembly are arranged in an up-down parallel manner, and a tobacco leaf conveying channel for conveying tobacco leaves is arranged between a lower conveying surface of the front side conveying crawler assembly and an upper conveying surface of the rear side conveying crawler assembly; the power control system is respectively connected with and controls the front side transmission crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver and the rear side transmission crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver to respectively drive the transmission shaft of the front side transmission crawler belt assembly and the transmission shaft of the rear side transmission crawler belt assembly, and the transmission shaft of the front side transmission crawler belt assembly and the transmission shaft of the rear side transmission crawler belt assembly are opposite in rotation direction but same in rotation speed.

Preferably, two tobacco plant straightening rods are horizontally and symmetrically fixed on the machine frame on two sides in front of the harvesting frame, and extend towards the advancing direction of the harvester and are closed inwards.

Preferably, a protective brush is oppositely arranged on the frame between the two groups of horizontal driving rollers.

Preferably, the horizontal transfer track assembly is driven by a drive shaft of the rear side transfer track assembly via a sprocket mechanism.

Preferably, the surfaces of the conveying tracks of the front side conveying track assembly and the rear side conveying track assembly are provided with grooves, and track suckers are arranged in the grooves.

Preferably, the tobacco leaf leveling rod is fixed on the frame through a blade control height fine-adjustment device, the blade control height fine-adjustment device comprises a fixing frame which is clamped on a frame cross beam parallel to the advancing direction of the harvester and is of an inverted U-shaped structure, fastening bolts which are in threaded connection on a horizontal structure of the fixing frame, and the tobacco leaf leveling rod is sequentially arranged in two vertical structures of the fixing frame in a penetrating mode.

Preferably, the harvesting frame is fixed on the rack through a tobacco harvesting height adjusting device, and the tobacco harvesting height adjusting device comprises a fixing plate, a connecting pipe and a fastening bolt, wherein the fixing plate is fixed on the inner side of the rack and provided with a plurality of adjusting threaded through holes, the connecting pipe is fixed on the harvesting frame and corresponds to the adjusting threaded through holes in the fixing plate, and the fastening bolt is used for fastening the fixing plate and the connecting pipe.

Preferably, a blade harvesting height fine-adjusting device is arranged above the horizontal conveying crawler assembly and comprises a harvesting height adjusting plate and an adjusting bolt, wherein two ends of the harvesting height adjusting plate are fixed to the frame through bolts respectively, the adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with a frame cross beam parallel to the advancing direction of the harvesting machine, and the lower end of the adjusting bolt is rotationally fixed to the harvesting height adjusting plate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the harvesting mechanism is provided with two groups of flat pressing type mechanical arms to simulate manual picking, so that the working efficiency is improved on the premise of completely harvesting tobacco leaves; through two sets of horizontal distribution mechanisms, three sets of horizontal conveying mechanisms and three sets of lifting conveying mechanisms, the conveying efficiency of upper tobacco leaves is improved. Therefore, the problem of high damage rate during upper leaf collection and transmission is solved.

2. The lifting and conveying mechanism adopts the front and rear side conveying crawler belt components which are arranged in parallel up and down, and the conveying crawler belt is provided with the crawler suction cups, so that when the harvested tobacco leaves are conveyed in a closed space formed by the front and rear side conveying crawler belt components and the tobacco leaf conveying guard plate, the blades and the crawler suction cups are combined through the smooth surface suction force of the two components, and the movement of the blades is reduced, so that the friction of the contact surfaces of the two components is reduced.

3. The tobacco leaf straightening rod is arranged to straighten inclined or bent tobacco plants, so that the quality and the working efficiency of the flat pressing type mechanical hand during collection are effectively improved; through setting up the protection brush to hold up the blade of falling after gathering, prevent that the blade from gathering the mechanism rear side and stem stalk winding and being damaged at the triangle-shaped of falling. The height of the tobacco plant straightening rod is adjusted by arranging a blade control height fine adjustment device; the height of the harvesting frame is adjusted by arranging the tobacco plant harvesting height adjusting device; through setting up the high micromatic setting of blade harvesting to realize the adjustment of upper portion blade conveying height and speed, pile up when avoiding the blade conveying.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a first aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a rear view structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-group harvesting mechanism, a horizontal distribution mechanism and a horizontal transmission mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the harvesting system of the present invention when harvesting tobacco leaves.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single train recovery system of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the operation of the horizontal conveyor track assembly and the lifting conveyor track assembly of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a driver control room, 2, a driving front wheel, 3, a front wheel hydraulic control driver, 4, a driven rotating lower wheel, 5, a guide plate, 6, a driving rotating upper wheel, 7, a horizontal leaf pressing roller, 8, a transmission chain, 9, a flat pressing type mechanical hand, 10, a frame, 11, a semi-closed plate, 12, a leaf anti-falling plate, 13, a rear wheel, 14, a diesel engine, 15, a hydraulic oil tank, 16, a hydraulic power conversion device, 17, a smoke box support component, 18, a front side conveying crawler component, 19, a crawler suction disc, 20, an unloading hydraulic telescopic cylinder, 21, a tobacco leaf conveying guard plate, 22, a box component, 23, a rear side conveying crawler component hydraulic driver, 24, a front side conveying crawler component hydraulic driver, 25, a blowing outlet, 26, a loading fan, 27, a free rotating paddle, 28, a rear side conveying crawler component, 29, a protective brush, 30, a horizontal leaf pressing roller hydraulic driver, 31. the device comprises a steel wire ventilation protective net, 32, a tobacco plant straightening rod, 33, a blade control height fine-adjustment device, 34, a blade harvesting height fine-adjustment device, 35, a tobacco plant harvesting height adjustment device, 36, a mechanical hand hydraulic driver, 37, a fan hydraulic driver, 38, an oil tank, 39, a front wheel steering power device, 40, a driven rotary upper wheel, 41, a frame body, 42, a supporting frame, 43, an upper rotary shaft, 44, a lower rotary shaft, 45, a horizontal conveying crawler assembly, 46, a fixed box body, 47, a movable box body, 48 and tobacco plants.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1-8, a flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvester comprises a frame 10, a power control system, a driving system, a harvesting system, a conveying system and a boxing system.

The frame 10 of the harvester is a frame structure with a hollow interior, the power control system comprises a diesel engine 14, a hydraulic oil tank 15, a hydraulic power conversion device 16 and an oil tank 38 which are arranged on the upper end face of the frame 10, and the power control system is used for providing power for the harvester and controlling each hydraulic driving device. The driving system comprises a driver control room 1 which is arranged in front of the frame 10 through a hinge joint structure, a driving front wheel 2, a front wheel hydraulic control driver 3, a front wheel steering power device 39 and a rear wheel 13, wherein a driver operates the power control system of the harvester in the driver control room 1, and the power control system drives the front wheel hydraulic control driver 3 and the front wheel steering power device 39 to realize the advancing and steering actions of the harvester.

The harvesting system is provided with two groups of two sides which are symmetrically arranged below the machine frame 10, and comprises a harvesting frame which is detachably fixed on the machine frame 10 through a tobacco harvesting height adjusting device 35 and is of a frame-shaped structure and a harvesting mechanism which is fixed on the harvesting frame. In order to save space and improve the efficiency of gathering of upper portion tobacco leaf, gather the frame and include two sets of and the harvester advancing direction parallel and the two support body 41 of the structure of the triangle-shaped of being parallel to each other of setting, both ends weld respectively at the braced frame 42 on two support body 41 tops, both ends rotate the last pivot 43 of connecting on two support body 41 through the bearing respectively, one end rotates two lower pivot 44 of connecting on two support body 41 through the bearing respectively, two last pivot 43 are parallel to each other and fix the upper end at support body 41, two lower pivot 44 are parallel to each other and set up the lower extreme at support body 41 with the axle center.

The harvesting mechanism comprises a driving rotary upper wheel 6, a driven rotary upper wheel 40, a driven rotary lower wheel 4, a transmission chain 8, a flat pressing type manipulator 9 and a manipulator hydraulic driver 36. The two driving rotary upper wheels 6, the two driven rotary upper wheels 40 and the two driven rotary lower wheels 4 are respectively and oppositely arranged, the two driving rotary upper wheels 6 and the two driven rotary upper wheels 40 are respectively in key connection with the two upper rotating shafts 43, the two driven rotary lower wheels 4 are respectively in key connection with the two lower rotating shafts 44, the two transmission chains 8 are respectively in transmission on the driving rotary upper wheels 6, the driven rotary upper wheels 40 and the driven rotary lower wheels 4, the driving rotary upper wheels 6, the driven rotary upper wheels 40, the driven rotary lower wheels 4 and the transmission chains 8 respectively form two inverted triangle structures, the manipulator hydraulic driver 36 is a hydraulic motor and is connected with the upper rotating shafts 43 on which the driving rotary upper wheels 6 are arranged through couplings, and a power control system of the mining machine is connected with and controls the manipulator hydraulic driver 36 to drive the driving rotary upper wheels 6 to rotate towards the mining direction.

A plurality of flat pressing type mechanical hands 9 are horizontally and uniformly distributed on the two transmission chains 8, and each flat pressing type mechanical hand 9 comprises a transverse flat pressing strip with two ends respectively connected to the transmission chains 8 through bolts and a longitudinal distributing strip which is uniformly distributed and vertically welded on the transverse flat pressing strip. The manipulator hydraulic driver 36 sequentially drives the active rotating upper wheel 6, the transmission chain 8 and the flat pressing type manipulators 9, when the plurality of flat pressing type manipulators 9 rotate from top to bottom simultaneously, the upper tobacco leaves are distributed by the longitudinal distributing strips, and the upper tobacco leaves are peeled off from tobacco plants by the transverse flat pressing strips.

The harvesting frame is fixed on the frame 10 through the tobacco harvesting height adjusting device 35, the tobacco harvesting height adjusting device 35 comprises a fixing plate, a connecting pipe and a fastening bolt, the fixing plate is fixed on the supporting frame 42 of the harvesting frame and corresponds to the adjusting threaded through hole in the fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixed on the frame 10 through a U-shaped fastening frame, and the fixing plate is fixed on the frame 10 through the U-shaped fastening frame. Height adjusting device 35 can gather through the tobacco plant and can carry out the adjustment on vertical and the horizontal direction on frame 10 according to the height of tobacco plant, will gather the mechanism, make flat pressing formula manipulator 9 contact completely in order to realize that the blade is gathered, reduce to be gathered back tobacco plant stem stalk rupture or suppress, the tobacco stalk is pulled out to the stalk puller in the later stage of being convenient for.

The conveying system comprises a horizontal distribution mechanism, a horizontal conveying mechanism and a lifting conveying mechanism.

The horizontal distribution mechanism is provided with two groups and is respectively fixed below the two groups of harvesting frames, the single horizontal distribution mechanism comprises two groups of horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7 which are opposite in rotation direction and are respectively connected to the rack 10 in a rotating mode at two ends, a tobacco plant passing gap is arranged between the two groups of horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7, and the two groups of horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7 are driven by a horizontal leaf-pressing roller hydraulic driver 30 to rotate in the direction far away from the tobacco plant passing gap. A plurality of single-group horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7 are arranged in parallel, two ends of each horizontal leaf-pressing roller 7 are rotatably connected to the front end and the rear end of the rack 10 through bearings, a hydraulic driver 30 of each horizontal leaf-pressing roller drives one horizontal leaf-pressing roller 7 to rotate, and power is transmitted between the single-group horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7 through a chain wheel and chain mechanism. The tobacco leaves on the upper part fall onto the horizontal leaf pressing roller 7 after being picked by the flat pressing type mechanical hand 9, and are respectively distributed and transmitted to two outer sides through the horizontal leaf pressing roller 7.

The horizontal conveying mechanism comprises three groups of horizontal conveying crawler belt assemblies 45 which are respectively arranged on two sides of the horizontal distribution mechanism in parallel, and conveying crawler belts of the horizontal conveying crawler belt assemblies 45 convey towards the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the harvester.

The lifting and conveying mechanism comprises three groups of lifting and conveying crawler assemblies which are respectively connected with the horizontal conveying crawler assemblies 45, the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies are connected with the boxing system to perform boxing of upper tobacco leaves, and the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies are driven by a hydraulic driver of the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies to convey towards the boxing system.

The lift conveyor track assembly includes a front side conveyor track assembly 18 and a rear side conveyor track assembly 28, and the lift conveyor track assembly hydraulic drive corresponding to the lift conveyor track assembly includes a front side conveyor track assembly hydraulic drive 24 and a rear side conveyor track assembly hydraulic drive 23. The front side conveying crawler belt assembly 18 and the rear side conveying crawler belt assembly 28 are arranged in parallel up and down, and a tobacco leaf conveying channel for conveying tobacco leaves is arranged between the lower conveying surface of the front side conveying crawler belt assembly 18 and the upper conveying surface of the rear side conveying crawler belt assembly 28.

The power control system is connected to and controls the front side track assembly hydraulic drive 24 and the rear side track assembly hydraulic drive 23 to drive the drive shaft of the front side track assembly 18 and the drive shaft of the rear side track assembly 28, respectively, the drive shafts of the front side track assembly 18 and the rear side track assembly 28 rotating in opposite directions but at the same rotational speed.

The power drive for the horizontal transfer track assembly 45 may be provided separately or may be provided by the drive shaft of the rear transfer track assembly 28 via a sprocket and chain drive mechanism to cause the transfer track of the horizontal transfer track assembly 45 to be transferred in the direction of the lifting transfer track assembly.

The harvested upper tobacco leaves are distributed to the horizontal conveying crawler belt assembly 45 through the horizontal distribution mechanism and are continuously conveyed to the tobacco leaf conveying channel, the harvested upper tobacco leaves are lifted under the action of friction force of conveying surfaces of the front and rear conveying crawler belt assemblies, and the upper tobacco leaves are boxed through a boxing system.

Grooves are provided on the surfaces of the conveyor tracks of the front conveyor belt assembly 18 and the rear conveyor belt assembly 28, and track pads 19 are provided in the grooves. When the upper tobacco leaves are transported in the tobacco leaf conveying channel, the blades are combined with the crawler belt suction cups 19 through the smooth surface suction force of the blades, so that the movement of the blades is reduced, and the friction of the contact surfaces of the blades and the crawler belt suction cups is reduced.

In order to avoid the harvested upper tobacco leaves from falling in the process of conveying, semi-closed plates 11 are welded on the outer sides of the two groups of horizontal conveying crawler belt assemblies 45, blade anti-falling plates 12 are welded above the conveying crawler belts of the front side conveying crawler belt assemblies 18 and on the rear sides of the harvesting frames, and tobacco leaf conveying protective plates 21 are welded at openings on two sides of a tobacco leaf conveying channel between the front side conveying crawler belt assemblies and the rear side conveying crawler belt assemblies. Gather frame rear side welded blade and prevent falling board 12 for controlling two and leave between it and be convenient for the tobacco rod after the upper portion tobacco leaf is gathered and pass through the space, it is connected with free rotation oar 27 through the bearing rotation respectively on the blade of space both sides prevents falling board 12 to this tobacco rod here, the power source of free rotation oar 27 can set up alone, also can be driven by horizontal tobacco pressing roller hydraulic drive ware 30 through chain drive mechanism, free rotation oar 27 is rotatory in order to allocate the upper portion leaf that drops after gathering to the direction of keeping away from this tobacco rod through the space, the upper portion leaf winding of avoiding dropping blocks up this tobacco rod and passes through the space.

Two triangular guide plates 5 which are inward closed are respectively welded on the machine frame 10 which is far away from the lifting and conveying mechanism and is connected with the horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7, and tobacco plants 48 are guided so that the tobacco plants 48 can enter a tobacco plant passing gap between the two groups of horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7.

Two tobacco plant straightening rods 32 are horizontally and symmetrically fixed on the machine frame 10 at two sides in front of the harvesting frame through blade control height fine adjustment devices 33, the two tobacco plant straightening rods 32 are of T-shaped structures, and the two tobacco plant straightening rods 32 extend towards the advancing direction of the harvesting frame and are closed inwards. The blade control height fine-adjustment device 33 comprises a fixing frame of an inverted U-shaped structure clamped on a cross beam of the frame 10 parallel to the advancing direction of the harvester and fastening bolts in threaded connection on a horizontal structure of the fixing frame, and tobacco plant straightening rods 32 are sequentially arranged in two vertical structures of the fixing frame in a penetrating mode.

Because a space for the tobacco plant 48 to pass through is arranged between the two tobacco plant correcting rods 32, when the tobacco plant 48 passes through, the two tobacco plant correcting rods 32 have a straightening effect on the inclined or bent tobacco plant 48, the smooth surfaces of the tobacco plant correcting rods 32 guide tobacco plant stems and gather the upper leaves of the main vein base part in a certain range, the flat pressing type mechanical arm 9 is convenient to contact the main vein base part of the leaf, the tobacco plant correcting rods 32 are bent rods made of elastic materials, and the loss of machinery to the leaf is effectively reduced. When the distance between the two tobacco correction rods 32 needs to be adjusted, the tobacco correction rods 32 are moved after the fastening bolts are loosened, and when the height of the tobacco correction rods 32 needs to be adjusted, the fastening bolts are loosened and the tobacco correction rods 32 are rotated.

A blade harvesting height fine-adjusting device 34 is arranged above the horizontal conveying crawler assembly 45, the blade harvesting height fine-adjusting device 34 comprises a harvesting height adjusting plate and an adjusting bolt, the two ends of the harvesting height adjusting plate are fixed on the frame 10 through bolts respectively, the adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with a cross beam of the frame 10 parallel to the advancing direction of the harvesting machine, and the lower end of the adjusting bolt is rotationally fixed on the harvesting height adjusting plate. The blade harvesting height fine-tuning device 34 can adjust the speed of the harvested upper tobacco leaves during transmission, so that the blades are prevented from being accumulated during transmission.

And a protective brush 29 is oppositely arranged on the bottom of the frame 10 between the two groups of horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7. The two sides of the bottom of the frame 10 are protected by brushes 29 to lift the fallen leaves after harvesting, so as to prevent the leaves from being wound with stalks and damaged at the rear side of the inverted triangle harvesting mechanism.

The boxing system includes a fan assembly mounted on the top of the elevating conveyor track assembly and a box assembly 22 in communication with the tobacco leaf conveying path.

The fan subassembly includes three group respectively with promote the corresponding loading fan 26 of conveying track subassembly and fan hydraulic actuator 37, each equipment car fan 26 coaxial coupling, fan hydraulic actuator 37 drive loading fan 26's transmission shaft is rotatory in order to drive loading fan 26's blade, left and right 3 centrifugal loading fans 26 blow the blade respectively from the export 25 that bloies this moment and make it leave corresponding promotion conveying track subassembly completely after, the blade can get into in the box subassembly 22. The truck-loading fan 26 is not integrally connected to the top end of the front-side conveyor track assembly 18, and has a certain gap to adjust the wind pressure contacting the upper blade, so as to prevent the blade from being damaged by the impact of the main pulse after the upper blade leaves the track due to excessive wind pressure.

The box body assembly 22 comprises a fixed box body 46 fixed on the rack 10 and a movable box body 47 hinged with the fixed box body 46, the fixed box body 46 is hinged with the unloading hydraulic telescopic cylinder 20 through a pin shaft mechanism, the top end of a telescopic rod of the unloading hydraulic telescopic cylinder 20 is hinged on the movable box body 47 through a pin shaft mechanism, the power control system is connected with and controls the unloading hydraulic telescopic cylinder 20, and when blades need to be unloaded, the unloading hydraulic telescopic cylinder 20 is started to enable the movable box body 47 to rotate so as to open the box body assembly 22.

Fixed box 46 is fixed on frame 10 through smoke box support assembly 17, and the hydraulic pressure height adjustment mechanism through smoke box support assembly 17 realizes the height adjustment to fixed smoke box, and smoke box support assembly 17's concrete structure is prior art, and this paper is no longer repeated.

The upper portions of the fixed box body 46 and the movable box body 47 are steel wire ventilation protecting nets 31, the design is favorable for driving wind to move forwards, friction between blades caused by closed return air is reduced, and the soft steel wire meshes relieve force when the blades contact the inner walls of the fixed box body 46 and the movable box body 47.

The power control system is respectively connected with and controls the manipulator hydraulic driver 36, the horizontal leaf-pressing roller hydraulic driver 30, the rear side conveying crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver 23, the front side conveying crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver 24, the fan hydraulic driver 37, the smoke box support assembly 17, the unloading hydraulic telescopic cylinder 20, the front wheel hydraulic control driver 3, the front wheel steering power device 39 and the like, so that the hydraulic control of the harvester is realized.

The working principle of the embodiment of the flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvester is as follows:

during the forward travel and harvesting of the harvester, the power generated by the diesel engine 14 after starting is transmitted through the hydraulic power conversion device 16, and the hydraulic power conversion device 16 plays a role in the overall power distribution. The mechanical hand hydraulic driver 36 drives the driving rotating upper wheel 6, the transmission chain 8 and the flat pressing type mechanical hand 9 in sequence, so that the flat pressing type mechanical hand 9 rotates from top to bottom, and the upper leaves are peeled off from the tobacco plants 48.

The horizontal leaf-pressing rollers 7 on the left and right sides are driven by the horizontal leaf-pressing roller hydraulic driver 30 to roll the fallen upper leaves onto the conveying tracks of the left, middle and right 3 independent horizontal conveying track assemblies 45, and the horizontal conveying track assemblies 45 are driven by the rear-side track conveying assemblies to convey the upper leaves onto the upper conveying surfaces of the rear-side conveying track assemblies 28. The rotation of the crawler belt is driven by the rear side conveying crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver 23 and the front side conveying crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver 24 respectively, and after the upper leaves reach the lower part of the leaf falling preventing plate 12, the upper leaves are conveyed upwards along the tobacco leaf conveying channel under the clamping of the crawler belt.

After the upper blades reach the rear side transmission crawler assembly hydraulic driver 23, the blades start to separate from the rear side transmission crawler assembly 28, at the moment, the fan hydraulic driver 37 controls 3 coaxially driven loading fans 26 to rotate simultaneously, and after the left, middle and right 3 centrifugal loading fans 26 respectively blow the blades from the air blowing outlets 25 to completely leave the corresponding rear side transmission crawler assembly 28, the blades can roll down along slopes in the fixed box 46 and the movable box 47 of the box assembly 22. When the upper tobacco leaves in the box are full and the blades need to be unloaded, the power control system controls the unloading hydraulic telescopic cylinder 20 to rotate the movable box body 47 to open the box body assembly 22.

The harvester controls the front wheel hydraulic control driver 3 through a power control system to drive the whole vehicle to move, and completes the steering of the vehicle through controlling the front wheel steering power device 39.

While there have been shown and described the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and it is to be understood that all embodiments may be combined as appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art to form other embodiments as will be apparent to those of skill in the art from the description herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a flat-pressing formula upper portion tobacco leaf harvester, includes frame, power control system, driving system, harvesting system, conveying system and vanning system, its characterized in that: the harvesting system is provided with two groups of harvesting frames which are symmetrically fixed at two sides below the rack, and comprises a frame-shaped harvesting frame fixed on the rack and a harvesting mechanism fixed on the harvesting frame; the harvesting mechanism comprises two groups of driving rotary upper wheels, driven rotary upper wheels and driven rotary lower wheels which are in an inverted triangle structure and are respectively rotatably connected with the two inner sides of the harvesting frame, and transmission chains which are transmitted on the driving rotary upper wheels, the driven rotary upper wheels and the driven rotary lower wheels, the two groups of driving rotary upper wheels, the driven rotary upper wheels and the driven rotary lower wheels are respectively arranged coaxially and oppositely, the two groups of transmission chains are arranged in parallel, a plurality of flat pressing type manipulators are horizontally and uniformly distributed on the two groups of transmission chains, and a manipulator hydraulic driver is connected with and drives the driving rotary upper wheels to rotate towards the advancing direction of the harvesting machine; the conveying system comprises a horizontal distribution mechanism, a horizontal conveying mechanism and a lifting conveying mechanism; the horizontal distribution mechanism is provided with two groups and is respectively fixed below the two groups of harvesting frames, the horizontal distribution mechanism comprises two groups of horizontal leaf pressing rollers which are opposite in rotation direction and are respectively connected with the machine frame in a rotating mode at two ends, a tobacco plant passing gap is arranged between the two groups of horizontal leaf pressing rollers, and the tobacco plant passing gap is driven by a horizontal leaf pressing roller hydraulic driver to rotate towards a direction far away from the tobacco plant passing gap; the horizontal conveying mechanism comprises three groups of horizontal conveying crawler assemblies which are respectively arranged on two sides of the horizontal distribution mechanism in parallel; the lifting and conveying mechanism comprises three groups of lifting and conveying crawler assemblies which are respectively connected with the horizontal conveying crawler assemblies, the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies are driven by a hydraulic driver of the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies to convey towards the boxing system, and the horizontal conveying crawler assemblies convey towards the lifting and conveying crawler assemblies; two triangular guide plates which are inwardly closed are respectively fixed on the machine frame which is connected with the horizontal leaf-pressing roller in the direction far away from the lifting and conveying mechanism; the power control system is respectively connected with and controls the manipulator hydraulic driver, the horizontal leaf-pressing roller hydraulic driver and the lifting and conveying crawler belt assembly hydraulic driver; and the upper tobacco leaves are pressed down by the flat pressing type mechanical arm and then harvested, and are sequentially boxed by the horizontal distribution mechanism, the horizontal transmission mechanism, the lifting transmission mechanism and the boxing system.

2. The flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flat pressing type mechanical hand comprises a transverse flat pressing strip with two ends respectively connected to the transmission chain and longitudinal distributing strips which are uniformly distributed and vertically connected to the transverse flat pressing strip.

3. The flat-pressing upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting and conveying crawler belt assembly comprises a front side conveying crawler belt assembly and a rear side conveying crawler belt assembly, the hydraulic driver of the lifting and conveying crawler belt assembly comprises a hydraulic driver of the front side conveying crawler belt assembly and a hydraulic driver of the rear side conveying crawler belt assembly, the front side conveying crawler belt assembly and the rear side conveying crawler belt assembly are arranged in an up-down parallel mode, and a tobacco leaf conveying channel for conveying tobacco leaves is arranged between a lower conveying surface of the front side conveying crawler belt assembly and an upper conveying surface of the rear side conveying crawler belt assembly; the power control system is respectively connected with and controls the front side transmission crawler assembly hydraulic driver and the rear side transmission crawler assembly hydraulic driver so as to respectively drive the transmission shaft of the front side transmission crawler assembly and the transmission shaft of the rear side transmission crawler assembly, and the transmission shaft of the front side transmission crawler assembly and the transmission shaft of the rear side transmission crawler assembly are opposite in rotation direction but same in rotation speed.

4. The flat-pressing type upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: two tobacco plant straightening rods are horizontally and symmetrically fixed on the machine frame on two sides in front of the harvesting frame, extend towards the advancing direction of the harvester and are closed inwards.

5. The flat-pressing upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a protective brush is oppositely arranged on the frame between the two groups of horizontal leaf-pressing rollers.

6. The flat-pressing upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: the horizontal conveyor track assembly is driven by a drive shaft of the rear conveyor track assembly via a sprocket mechanism.

7. The flat-pressing upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: grooves are arranged on the surfaces of the conveying tracks of the front side conveying track component and the rear side conveying track component, and track suckers are arranged in the grooves.

8. The flat-pressing upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: the tobacco plant straightening rod is fixed on the rack through a blade control height fine-adjustment device, the blade control height fine-adjustment device comprises a fixing frame of an inverted U-shaped structure clamped on a rack cross beam parallel to the advancing direction of the harvester and fastening bolts in threaded connection on a horizontal structure of the fixing frame, and the tobacco plant straightening rod sequentially penetrates through two vertical structures of the fixing frame.

9. The flat-pressing upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the harvesting frame is fixed on the rack through a tobacco harvesting height adjusting device, and the tobacco harvesting height adjusting device comprises a fixing plate, a connecting pipe and a fastening bolt, wherein the fixing plate is fixed on the inner side of the rack and provided with a plurality of adjusting threaded through holes, the connecting pipe is fixed on the harvesting frame and corresponds to the adjusting threaded through holes in the fixing plate, and the fastening bolt is used for fastening the fixing plate and the connecting pipe.

10. The flat-pressing upper tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blade harvesting height fine-adjusting device is arranged above the horizontal conveying crawler assembly and comprises a harvesting height adjusting plate and an adjusting bolt, wherein two ends of the harvesting height adjusting plate are fixed to the frame through bolts, the adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with a frame cross beam parallel to the advancing direction of the harvesting machine, and the lower end of the adjusting bolt is rotationally fixed to the harvesting height adjusting plate.

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