CN113135809A - Cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by microorganisms and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by microorganisms and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113135809A CN113135809A CN202110578687.7A CN202110578687A CN113135809A CN 113135809 A CN113135809 A CN 113135809A CN 202110578687 A CN202110578687 A CN 202110578687A CN 113135809 A CN113135809 A CN 113135809A
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 244000182216 Mimusops elengi Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000000560 Mimusops elengi Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000007837 Vangueria infausta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000241838 Lycium barbarum Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015468 Lycium chinense Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer production, and discloses a microbial fermentation cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of cow dung, 60-70 parts of sheep dung, 2-4 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 45-60 parts of crop straw, 50-65 parts of sawdust, 5-10 parts of rice hull, 50-60 parts of mushroom residue and 40-50 parts of bean cake. This utilize cow and sheep excrement organic fertilizer of microbial fermentation and preparation method thereof, through adopting mushroom sediment and bean cake to carry out aerobic fermentation, reduce the foul smell production of piling, fermentation through the microorganism is carried out cow and sheep excrement and urine under the manual control condition (moisture content carbon-nitrogen ratio and ventilation) and is handled, make the organic fertilizer of gained when reduction in production cost, the use amount of chemical fertilizer has been reduced, and can improve soil, increase the organic matter content of soil, the fertilizer efficiency of soil has been improved, prevent the soil caking, and more can accord with the physiological growth characteristic of matrimony vine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer production, in particular to a cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by microorganisms and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The organic fertilizer is mainly derived from plants and/or animals, is prepared from carbon-containing materials which are applied to soil to provide plant nutrition as main functions, is processed by biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, eliminates toxic and harmful substances in the organic fertilizer, and is rich in a large amount of beneficial substances, and comprises the following components: the organic acid fertilizer has the advantages that various organic acids and peptides and rich nutrient elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, the fertilizer efficiency is long, soil organic matters can be increased and updated, the microbial propagation is promoted, the physical and chemical properties and the biological activity of soil are improved, and the organic acid fertilizer is a main nutrient for green food production.
The use of the cow and sheep manure before fermentation has certain influence on soil, can cause soil caking, and has low economic benefit.
Although the proper nutrition can be provided for planting the medlar by fertilizing the medlar through the cow and sheep manures, the fertilizer is not completely suitable for the growth characteristics of the medlar, and is easy to cause fertilizer damage.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the microbial fermentation cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof, the microbial fermentation cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer has the advantages of preventing soil from caking, improving the benefit and being suitable for wolfberry production, and the problems that the cattle and sheep manure can cause soil caking before fermentation, the economic benefit is low and the wolfberry growth is not facilitated are solved.
(II) technical scheme
In order to realize the purposes of preventing soil from caking and improving benefit and being suitable for medlar production, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of cow dung, 60-70 parts of sheep dung, 2-4 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 45-60 parts of crop straw, 50-65 parts of sawdust, 5-10 parts of rice hull, 50-60 parts of mushroom residue and 40-50 parts of bean cake.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of cow dung, 65 parts of sheep dung, 3 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 50 parts of crop straw, 55 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of rice hull, 55 parts of mushroom residue and 45 parts of bean cake.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of cow dung, 60 parts of sheep dung, 2 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 45 parts of crop straws, 50 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of rice hulls, 50 parts of mushroom residues and 40 parts of bean cakes.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of cow dung, 70 parts of sheep dung, 4 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 60 parts of crop straw, 65 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of rice hull, 60 parts of mushroom residue and 50 parts of bean cake.
A preparation method of a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer by microbial fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) taking the raw materials in a specified weight ratio for later use, putting crop straws and bean cakes in the raw materials into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain auxiliary materials, airing cow dung and sheep dung in the raw materials, and mixing the auxiliary materials to obtain a mixed material;
2) transporting the mixed material in the step 1) to a material treatment place, firstly adjusting the initial water content of the mixed material to 40-45% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20-35:1, then measuring the pH value of the mixed material, adjusting the pH value of the mixed material to 6.5-7.5 by using an acid-base regulator, adding a microbial fermentation microbial inoculum into the mixed material for stirring and mixing, then transporting the fermented material to a fermentation tank for piling treatment, wherein the pile height is 1-1.2 m, the pile width is 0.8-1 m, the length is not limited, a shading net is covered, then primary fermentation treatment is carried out, the fermentation time is 5-7 days, when the temperature of the fermented material is raised to 60-70 ℃, primary pile turning treatment is carried out, pile turning is carried out every 3 days, the piles are turned 3-4 times in total, the fermentation temperature is controlled to 40-70 ℃, and when the temperature is lowered to 30 ℃, completing the first fermentation to obtain a first fermented organic fertilizer;
3) adding sawdust, rice hulls and mushroom residues into the primary fermented organic fertilizer, fully mixing, and then performing secondary fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation time is 5-7 days, the temperature is controlled at 60-70 ℃, pile turning is performed once every 3 days, and the pile turning is performed twice in total, so that the organic fertilizer special for the medlar is prepared;
4) sampling the organic fertilizer special for the medlar in the step 3) to test the moisture content, and ensuring that the moisture content is less than 30 percent.
Preferably, the acid-base regulator is a mixture of natural gypsum and calcium superphosphate, and odor generated by the material treatment part, the primary fermentation and the secondary fermentation is conveyed to an odor treatment and collection part and is purified and discharged after reaching the standard.
Preferably, the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer special for medlar is not less than 20%, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is not less than 30%, the content of nitrogen is not less than 15%, the content of phosphorus is not less than 7%, and the content of potassium is not less than 8%.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by the microorganisms and the preparation method thereof, and the organic fertilizer has the following beneficial effects:
according to the cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by using the microorganisms and the preparation method thereof, the cattle and sheep manure is fermented under the condition of manual control (moisture carbon-nitrogen ratio and ventilation), so that the obtained organic fertilizer reduces the use amount of chemical fertilizer while reducing the production cost, can improve the soil, increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve the fertilizer efficiency of the soil, prevent the soil from caking, and better accord with the physiological growth characteristics of medlar.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of cow dung, 65 parts of sheep dung, 3 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 50 parts of crop straw, 55 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of rice hull, 55 parts of mushroom residue and 45 parts of bean cake.
A preparation method of a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer by microbial fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) taking the raw materials in a specified weight ratio for later use, putting crop straws and bean cakes in the raw materials into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain auxiliary materials, airing cow dung and sheep dung in the raw materials, and mixing the auxiliary materials to obtain a mixed material;
2) transporting the mixed material in the step 1) to a material treatment place, firstly adjusting the initial water content of the mixed material to 40-45% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20-35:1, then measuring the pH value of the mixed material, adjusting the pH value of the mixed material to 6.5-7.5 by an acid-base regulator, wherein the acid-base regulator is a mixture of natural gypsum and calcium superphosphate, adding a microbial fermentation microbial inoculum into the mixed material for stirring and mixing, then transporting the fermented material to a fermentation tank for pile building, wherein the pile height is 1-1.2 meters, the pile width is 0.8-1 meter, the pile length is not limited, covering a shading net, then performing primary fermentation for 5-7 days, performing primary pile turning treatment when the temperature of the fermented material is raised to 60-70 ℃, performing primary pile turning treatment every 3 days, performing pile turning for 3-4 times, controlling the fermentation temperature to 40-70 ℃, when the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃, completing the first fermentation to obtain a primary fermented organic fertilizer;
3) adding sawdust, rice hulls and mushroom residues into a primary fermented organic fertilizer, fully mixing, and then performing secondary fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation time is 5-7 days, the temperature is controlled at 60-70 ℃, pile turning is performed once every 3 days, and the pile turning is performed twice, wherein odor generated by material treatment, primary fermentation and secondary fermentation is conveyed to an odor treatment and collection part, the odor is purified and discharged after reaching the standard, so that the organic fertilizer special for medlar is prepared, and the mushroom residues and bean cakes are adopted for aerobic fermentation, so that the fermentation period can be shortened, the anaerobic environment is prevented from being formed, the excessive volatilization of ammonia gas is avoided, and the odor of a pile body is reduced;
4) sampling and testing the moisture content of the organic fertilizer special for the medlar in the step 3) to ensure that the moisture content is less than 30 percent, the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer special for the medlar is not less than 20 percent, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is not less than 30 percent, the content of nitrogen is not less than 15 percent, the content of phosphorus is not less than 7 percent, and the content of potassium is not less than 8 percent.
Example two: a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of cow dung, 60 parts of sheep dung, 2 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 45 parts of crop straws, 50 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of rice hulls, 50 parts of mushroom residues and 40 parts of bean cakes.
A preparation method of a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer by microbial fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) taking the raw materials in a specified weight ratio for later use, putting crop straws and bean cakes in the raw materials into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain auxiliary materials, airing cow dung and sheep dung in the raw materials, and mixing the auxiliary materials to obtain a mixed material;
2) transporting the mixed material in the step 1) to a material treatment place, firstly adjusting the initial water content of the mixed material to 40-45% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20-35:1, then measuring the pH value of the mixed material, adjusting the pH value of the mixed material to 6.5-7.5 by an acid-base regulator, wherein the acid-base regulator is a mixture of natural gypsum and calcium superphosphate, adding a microbial fermentation microbial inoculum into the mixed material for stirring and mixing, then transporting the fermented material to a fermentation tank for pile building, wherein the pile height is 1-1.2 meters, the pile width is 0.8-1 meter, the pile length is not limited, covering a shading net, then performing primary fermentation for 5-7 days, performing primary pile turning treatment when the temperature of the fermented material is raised to 60-70 ℃, performing primary pile turning treatment every 3 days, performing pile turning for 3-4 times, controlling the fermentation temperature to 40-70 ℃, when the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃, completing the first fermentation to obtain a primary fermented organic fertilizer;
3) adding sawdust, rice hulls and mushroom residues into a primary fermented organic fertilizer, fully mixing, and then performing secondary fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation time is 5-7 days, the temperature is controlled at 60-70 ℃, pile turning is performed once every 3 days, and the pile turning is performed twice, wherein odor generated by material treatment, primary fermentation and secondary fermentation is conveyed to an odor treatment and collection part, the odor is purified and discharged after reaching the standard, so that the organic fertilizer special for medlar is prepared, and the mushroom residues and bean cakes are adopted for aerobic fermentation, so that the fermentation period can be shortened, the anaerobic environment is prevented from being formed, the excessive volatilization of ammonia gas is avoided, and the odor of a pile body is reduced;
4) sampling and testing the moisture content of the organic fertilizer special for the medlar in the step 3) to ensure that the moisture content is less than 30 percent, the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer special for the medlar is not less than 20 percent, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is not less than 30 percent, the content of nitrogen is not less than 15 percent, the content of phosphorus is not less than 7 percent, and the content of potassium is not less than 8 percent.
Example three: a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by microorganisms comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of cow dung, 70 parts of sheep dung, 4 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 60 parts of crop straw, 65 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of rice hull, 60 parts of mushroom residue and 50 parts of bean cake.
A preparation method of a cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer by microbial fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) taking the raw materials in a specified weight ratio for later use, putting crop straws and bean cakes in the raw materials into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain auxiliary materials, airing cow dung and sheep dung in the raw materials, and mixing the auxiliary materials to obtain a mixed material;
2) transporting the mixed material in the step 1) to a material treatment place, firstly adjusting the initial water content of the mixed material to 40-45% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20-35:1, then measuring the pH value of the mixed material, adjusting the pH value of the mixed material to 6.5-7.5 by an acid-base regulator, wherein the acid-base regulator is a mixture of natural gypsum and calcium superphosphate, adding a microbial fermentation microbial inoculum into the mixed material for stirring and mixing, then transporting the fermented material to a fermentation tank for pile building, wherein the pile height is 1-1.2 meters, the pile width is 0.8-1 meter, the pile length is not limited, covering a shading net, then performing primary fermentation for 5-7 days, performing primary pile turning treatment when the temperature of the fermented material is raised to 60-70 ℃, performing primary pile turning treatment every 3 days, performing pile turning for 3-4 times, controlling the fermentation temperature to 40-70 ℃, when the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃, completing the first fermentation to obtain a primary fermented organic fertilizer;
3) adding sawdust, rice hulls and mushroom residues into a primary fermented organic fertilizer, fully mixing, and then performing secondary fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation time is 5-7 days, the temperature is controlled at 60-70 ℃, pile turning is performed once every 3 days, and the pile turning is performed twice, wherein odor generated by material treatment, primary fermentation and secondary fermentation is conveyed to an odor treatment and collection part, the odor is purified and discharged after reaching the standard, so that the organic fertilizer special for medlar is prepared, and the mushroom residues and bean cakes are adopted for aerobic fermentation, so that the fermentation period can be shortened, the anaerobic environment is prevented from being formed, the excessive volatilization of ammonia gas is avoided, and the odor of a pile body is reduced;
4) sampling and testing the moisture content of the organic fertilizer special for the medlar in the step 3) to ensure that the moisture content is less than 30 percent, the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer special for the medlar is not less than 20 percent, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is not less than 30 percent, the content of nitrogen is not less than 15 percent, the content of phosphorus is not less than 7 percent, and the content of potassium is not less than 8 percent.
Compared with the second and third embodiments, the organic fertilizer special for medlar obtained by the first embodiment has moderate decomposition time, longer fertilizer efficiency time and balanced fertilizer efficiency.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: fermenting the cattle and sheep manure by microorganism fermentation under the condition of manual control (water content, carbon-nitrogen ratio and ventilation), the production cost of the obtained organic fertilizer is reduced, the usage amount of chemical fertilizer is reduced, and can improve soil, increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve the fertilizer efficiency of the soil, prevent the soil from caking, through adopting mushroom dregs and bean cakes to carry out aerobic fermentation, can shorten the fermentation period, prevent the formation of anaerobic environment, avoid the excessive volatilization of ammonia gas, reduce the odor of the pile body, the sheep manure can provide nutrients in the early and middle growth stages of the medlar and adjust the soil temperature, the cow manure can be decomposed in the middle and later growth stages of the medlar to provide nutrients, the fertilizer decomposition time is moderate, can stably and continuously provide the required nutrition in the growth process of the medlar, better accords with the physiological growth characteristics of the medlar, and has more compound physical and chemical properties with the growth required conditions of the medlar.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The microbial fermentation cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of cow dung, 60-70 parts of sheep dung, 2-4 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 45-60 parts of crop straw, 50-65 parts of sawdust, 5-10 parts of rice hull, 50-60 parts of mushroom residue and 40-50 parts of bean cake.
2. The microbial fermentation cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of cow dung, 65 parts of sheep dung, 3 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 50 parts of crop straw, 55 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of rice hull, 55 parts of mushroom residue and 45 parts of bean cake.
3. The microbial fermentation cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of cow dung, 60 parts of sheep dung, 2 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 45 parts of crop straws, 50 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of rice hulls, 50 parts of mushroom residues and 40 parts of bean cakes.
4. The microbial fermentation cattle and sheep manure organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of cow dung, 70 parts of sheep dung, 4 parts of microbial fermentation inoculant, 60 parts of crop straw, 65 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of rice hull, 60 parts of mushroom residue and 50 parts of bean cake.
5. The preparation method of the cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer by microbial fermentation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) taking the raw materials in a specified weight ratio for later use, putting crop straws and bean cakes in the raw materials into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain auxiliary materials, airing cow dung and sheep dung in the raw materials, and mixing the auxiliary materials to obtain a mixed material;
2) transporting the mixed material in the step 1) to a material treatment place, firstly adjusting the initial water content of the mixed material to 40-45% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20-35:1, then measuring the pH value of the mixed material, adjusting the pH value of the mixed material to 6.5-7.5 by using an acid-base regulator, adding a microbial fermentation microbial inoculum into the mixed material for stirring and mixing, then transporting the fermented material to a fermentation tank for piling treatment, wherein the pile height is 1-1.2 m, the pile width is 0.8-1 m, the length is not limited, a shading net is covered, then primary fermentation treatment is carried out, the fermentation time is 5-7 days, when the temperature of the fermented material is raised to 60-70 ℃, primary pile turning treatment is carried out, pile turning is carried out every 3 days, the piles are turned 3-4 times in total, the fermentation temperature is controlled to 40-70 ℃, and when the temperature is lowered to 30 ℃, completing the first fermentation to obtain a first fermented organic fertilizer;
3) adding sawdust, rice hulls and mushroom residues into the primary fermented organic fertilizer, fully mixing, and then performing secondary fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation time is 5-7 days, the temperature is controlled at 60-70 ℃, pile turning is performed once every 3 days, and the pile turning is performed twice in total, so that the organic fertilizer special for the medlar is prepared;
4) sampling the organic fertilizer special for the medlar in the step 3) to test the moisture content, and ensuring that the moisture content is less than 30 percent.
6. The method for preparing the cow-sheep-manure organic fertilizer by utilizing microbial fermentation according to claim 5, wherein the acid-base modifier is a mixture of natural gypsum and calcium superphosphate, and odor generated in the material treatment part, the primary fermentation and the secondary fermentation is conveyed to an odor treatment and collection part and is purified and discharged after reaching the standard.
7. The preparation method of the microbial fermentation organic fertilizer containing cow and sheep manure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer specially used for medlar is not less than 20%, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is not less than 30%, and the content of nitrogen is not less than 15%, the content of phosphorus is not less than 7%, and the content of potassium is not less than 8%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110578687.7A CN113135809A (en) | 2021-05-26 | 2021-05-26 | Cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by microorganisms and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116640029A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-08-25 | 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 | Biological targeting adjusting fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103708860A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 贵州凤泰禽业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer prepared from chicken manure and tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN103936471A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-07-23 | 王耀 | Organic fertilizer prepared from cattle and sheep manure and wheat bran and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103708860A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 贵州凤泰禽业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer prepared from chicken manure and tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN103936471A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-07-23 | 王耀 | Organic fertilizer prepared from cattle and sheep manure and wheat bran and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116640029A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-08-25 | 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 | Biological targeting adjusting fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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