CN113123133B - 一种纳米远红外抗菌面料 - Google Patents

一种纳米远红外抗菌面料 Download PDF

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CN113123133B
CN113123133B CN202110428567.9A CN202110428567A CN113123133B CN 113123133 B CN113123133 B CN 113123133B CN 202110428567 A CN202110428567 A CN 202110428567A CN 113123133 B CN113123133 B CN 113123133B
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fabric
finishing agent
far infrared
resin emulsion
ceramic
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CN113123133A (zh
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沈焕军
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Zhejiang Zhenghao Garment Co ltd
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Abstract

本申请涉及面料领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，通过待处理面料经整理剂处理得到，所述整理剂中包含表面活性剂、含氧有机树脂乳液、占整理剂质量分数0.4～4%的聚烯烃树脂乳液和占整理剂质量分数3%以下的陶瓷基远红外微粒。在本申请中，通过表面活性剂在体系中形成胶束，并通过汉阳有机树脂乳液和聚烯烃树脂乳液对陶瓷基远红外微粒进行保护和软化，使制得的面料更加柔软平顺，具有较好远红外性能的同时也有较佳的手感。

Description

一种纳米远红外抗菌面料
技术领域
本申请涉及面料领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种纳米远红外抗菌面料。
背景技术
纳米远红外面料是一种将纳米远红外材料掺入面料的原料中，或者通过纳米远红外整理剂对面料进行处理，进而得到的具有纳米远红外性能的面料。该类面料可以在吸收人体辐射的同时，放出一定量的远红外线，从而起到强身健体、杀菌消毒、提高舒适度的效果。
具有远红外性质的纳米颗粒一般具有较高的孔隙度，同时，由于纳米颗粒本身容易团聚，较高的表面能促进了团聚的发生，因此在面料经纳米远红外颗粒处理后，容易变硬，导致面料的柔顺度和手感均有大幅的下降。
发明内容
为了解决纳米远红外面料手感偏硬、柔顺度较差的问题，本申请提供一种纳米远红外抗菌面料。
本申请提供的一种纳米远红外抗菌面料采用如下技术方案：
一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，通过待处理面料经整理剂处理得到，所述整理剂中包含表面活性剂、含氧有机树脂乳液、占整理剂质量分数0.4～4％的聚烯烃树脂乳液和占整理剂质量分数3％以下的陶瓷基远红外微粒。
在上述技术方案中，选用了陶瓷基的远红外微粒，陶瓷基纳米颗粒表面一般会带有一定量的阴离子电荷，因此更容易吸附整理剂中的其他成分，同时与面料的贴合度也会更好。
在陶瓷基纳米远红外微粒的基础上，进一步添加了表面活性剂、含氧有机树脂乳液和有机硅树脂乳液,表面活性剂在其中的主要目的，一方面是提高整理剂的稳定性，减少整理剂分层，同时表面活性剂也有助于在陶瓷基纳米远红外微粒的外围形成胶束，减少陶瓷基纳米远红外微粒的相互接触，进而减少在处理过程中陶瓷基纳米远红外微粒相互碰撞而团聚的现象发生。
含氧有机树脂乳液加入到上述体系中，主要目的是提高体系的粘性和附着力，同时具有提高平顺度的效果。在不使用含氧有机树脂乳液的状态下，面料与陶瓷基远红外微粒之间作用力较弱，难以形成稳定的粘连体系，进而导致面料的远红外性能下降。即使经过反复浸轧，其远红外效果依旧较差。而聚烯烃有机树脂乳液的则起到润滑剂的作用，并对形成的表面活性剂-陶瓷基远红外微粒胶束体系进行再次的包覆，进一步提高胶束的稳定性，减少纳米颗粒之间的团聚现象。
综上所述，在本申请中，通过上述技术方案，减少了陶瓷基远红外微粒的团聚，提高了面料的柔软性能。
可选的，所述陶瓷基远红外微粒的表面经硅氧烷基柔性分子链改性处理。
在上述技术方案中，通过将陶瓷基纳米远红外颗粒表面进行硅基柔性分子改性处理，可以在陶瓷基纳米远红外颗粒的表面形成分子长链，形成插入到胶束中的结构，使由于有机硅分子链中，硅氧键较长且有部分离子化性能，因此可以使面料更加柔顺，同时硅氧键一端深入到陶瓷基远红外微粒表面的微孔结构中，另一端与面料上的微纤维形成缠绕结构，使得陶瓷基远红外微粒可以更加牢固地粘附于面料之上。
可选的，所述陶瓷基远红外微粒的改性经如下步骤进行：
S1、将陶瓷基远红外微粒与钛酸酯偶联剂进行偶联，得到活化的陶瓷基远红外微粒；
S2、将活化的陶瓷基远红外微粒与带有端基活性基团的硅氧烷高分子链进行反应，并分离，完成改性步骤。
在实际实验中发现，采用酞酸酯偶联剂而非硅烷偶联剂，偶联的效果更好，且偶联处理完成后，纳米颗粒具有较好的分散性能。
可选的，所述硅氧烷高分子链的两端均带有活性基团，所述活性基团为羧基、取代氨基或羟基。
通过在硅氧烷高分子链上设置活性基团，可以提高硅氧烷高分子在面料纤维上的粘附性能，反复水洗后也不易流失或脱落，从而提高了该纳米远红外面料的长效纳米远红外性能。
可选的，所述含氧有机树脂乳液选用水性聚氨酯树脂乳液、水性聚醚聚氨酯树脂乳液或环氧树脂乳液中的一种。
以上三种树脂乳液具有较好的粘性，同时也具有一定的定型抗皱效果，使整理剂可以兼具抗皱整理剂的功效。
可选的，所述表面活性剂在整理剂中的质量分数为3.4～8.8％，所述含氧有机树脂乳液在整理剂中的质量分数为1.5～5％。
在上述成分范围内，经实验调整，可以使面料的柔顺度最佳，且远红外性能和长效远红外性能均能保持在较佳的状态下。
可选的，所述整理剂中，还包括占整理剂质量分数0.2～0.5％的脂肪酸金属盐。
脂肪酸金属盐一般为长链脂肪酸钙、长链脂肪酸纳或长链脂肪酸锌，其在水中能够释放出具有长链的羧酸。由于表面活性剂一般在水中溶解性较好，因此在经过多次水洗后，尽管清洗过程中会添加一定量的表面活性剂，但是整体上附着于面料上的表面活性剂还是比较容易脱落的。添加脂肪酸金属盐后，脂肪酸根离子可以与陶瓷基远红外微粒表面具有金属性的成分形成螯合体系或离子对体系，进而长效依附于面料的表面，使面料可以在经反复清洗后依旧保持柔软的状态。
可选的，所述整理剂中，还包括占整理剂质量分数0.4～0.8％的金属离子螯合剂。
金属离子螯合剂的目的在于螯合脂肪酸金属盐中产生的游离金属离子，使之不易破坏胶束中和纳米颗粒表面的双电层，提高陶瓷基纳米远红外颗粒在整理剂中的稳定性，使之更加不易团聚，进一步提高面料表面的柔软度和手感。
可选的，所述整理剂中，还包括占整理剂质量分数0.2～0.4的碘盐。
碘离子带有一定的负电荷，且原子半径较大，可以被吸附于陶瓷基远红外微粒的孔隙结构中，也可以填充于高分子之间的空隙中，起到类似中心原子的作用，使陶瓷基远红外微粒在面料体系中稳定性更好。
可选的，所述待处理面料为晴纶面料、涤纶面料、纯棉面料、莫代尔面料、锦纶面料、丙纶面料中的一种。
对于上述六种面料，采用本申请中的技术方案，均可以实现较好的柔软度，具有广泛的适用性。
综上所述，本申请至少包括如下一种有益效果：
1.在本申请技术方案中，通过汉阳有机树脂乳液、聚烯烃有机树脂乳液和陶瓷基远红外微粒的组合，并添加表面活性剂，进而使面料在具有较好的远红外能力的同时，具有较为柔软的触感。
2.在本申请进一步设置中，选用表面经硅氧烷柔性分子链改性的陶瓷基纳米远红外颗粒，通过硅氧烷柔性分子连可以与微纤维形成缠绕结构，提高了陶瓷基远红外微粒与面料的连接强度。
3.在本申请进一步设置中，通过添加脂肪酸金属盐，使得面料在经过反复清洗后，依旧保持柔软的状态，并具有长效的远红外性质。
4.在本申请进一步设置中，通过添加金属离子螯合剂，进一步提高了陶瓷基远红外微粒在溶液中的稳定性，减少团聚，进一步提高了面料表面的柔软程度。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
在以下实施例和对比例中，部分原料的来源如表1所示。
表1、物料来源一览表
物料 来源 参数/规格
陶瓷基远红外微粒 上海纳米科技 粒径1μm
聚乙烯树脂乳液 石家庄拓达 货号TD-OPE5230
聚丙烯树脂乳液 石家庄拓达 货号TD-EP430
平平加O-9 陶氏 Cas 68131-39-5
吐温-60 陶氏 Cas 9005-67-8
水性聚氨酯乳液 拜尔 货号UH 2593-1
水性聚醚聚氨酯乳液 拜尔 货号UT-85A10
环氧树脂乳液 巴陵石化 货号CYD-011
钛酸酯偶联剂 阿拉丁 Cas 17927-72-9
羧基癸基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷 迈瑞尔试剂 Cas 58130-04-4
羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷 迈瑞尔试剂 Cas 104780-66-7
氨丙基封端聚二甲基硅氧 迈瑞尔试剂 Cas 106214-84-0
实施例1～23，一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，通过待处理面料经整理剂处理得到。待处理面料通过涤纶纤维经针织得到。所用的涤纶纤维规格为75D/72F。
整理剂的成分如表2所示。
面料在整理剂中经过三浸三轧处理。每次浸泡的时间为30s，每次浸轧的带液率70±5％，浸轧在30±2℃下进行，浸轧完成后，取出并在70℃下整齐烘干。
同时，针对上述实施例，设置对比例1～5，具体成分如表2所示。
表2、实施例1～23及对比例1～5中的物料成分表(％)(余量为水)
Figure GDA0003802370630000041
Figure GDA0003802370630000051
在上述实施例和对比例中，表面活性剂选用平平加O-9，聚烯烃树脂乳液为聚乙烯树脂乳液(具体型号如表1所示)，含氧有机树脂乳液选用水性聚氨酯树脂乳液(具体型号如表1所示)，脂肪酸金属盐为硬脂酸钙，金属离子螯合剂为EDTA，碘盐为碘化钾。
实施例24，一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，与实施例22的区别在于，聚烯烃树脂乳液选用聚丙烯树脂乳液(具体型号如表1所示)，含氧有机树脂乳液选用水性聚醚聚氨酯乳液(具体型号如表1所示)。
实施例25，一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，与实施例22的区别在于，含氧有机树脂乳液选用环氧树脂乳液(具体型号如表1所示)。
实施例26，一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，与实施例22的区别在于，表面活性剂选用吐温-60，脂肪族金属盐选用硬脂酸锌。
实施例27，一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，与实施例22的区别在于，脂肪族金属盐选用十二烷基羧酸纳，碘盐选用碘化锂。
实施例28，一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，与实施例22的区别在于，陶瓷基远红外微粒经如下步骤进行改性处理：
S1、将购买得到的陶瓷基远红外微粒以1g∶6mL的质量体积比溶解于水中，充分混合后，加入钛酸酯偶联剂，钛酸酯偶联剂的质量与陶瓷基远红外微粒的质量之比为1∶10，加热至60℃，随后反应2h，得到活化后的陶瓷基远红外微粒；
S2、向上述含有活化后的陶瓷基远红外微粒的上述体系中，加入羧基癸基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷，并继续室温反应24h，随后离心分离其中的固体沉淀，用水和乙醇清洗，得到改性后的陶瓷基远红外微粒。
实施例29，一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，与实施例28的区别在于，用等质量羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷替代羧基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷。
实施例30，一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，与实施例28的区别在于，用等质量氨丙基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷替代羧基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷。
针对上述实施例，进行如下实验，对面料进行评定。
1.在面料加工完成后，及反复水洗100次后，参照《GB/T 30127-2013纺织品远红外性能的检测和评价》，测定面料的远红外性能。其中，具体水洗方式参照《GB/T8629-2017纺织品试验用家庭洗涤和干燥程序》进行，采用A型洗涤程序，并通过程序C干燥。测定过程中，面料的样本为直径100mm的圆形。得到数据远红外发射率和远红外辐射升温。
2.在面料加工完成后，及反复水洗100次后，采用德国Emtec公司制造的纺织品柔软度分析仪，通过电子数据计算得到织物的手感值，作为评判柔软度的标准，满分为100分。
首先，对于实施例1～12及对比例1～5，实验1和实验2的结果如表3所示。
表3、实施例1～12及对比例1～5中面料实验结果
Figure GDA0003802370630000061
通过上述实验数据可知，在本申请中，采用表面活性剂、含氧有机树脂乳液、聚烯烃树脂乳液与陶瓷基远红外微粒的组合，形成的复合整理剂对涤纶面料进行整理处理后，可以使涤纶面料获得较好的远红外性能的同时，具有较好的触感评分。手感值评分是基于面料弹性、纤维柔软度、面料硬挺度等性能得到的综合评分，基本可以对手感做出完整的评价。对比例1中，陶瓷基远红外微粒的加入量少有过量，在体系中容易发生团聚，也容易以团聚的形式不均匀地附着于面料的表面，进而造成面料手感不佳。对比例2和对比例3中，分别选用了不添加聚烯烃和添加过量聚烯烃的方式。聚烯烃过量会破坏胶束的结构，进而导致陶瓷基纳米颗粒分散性变差。不添加聚烯烃则会导致胶束的稳定性较差，均会导致面料的手感评分降低。
对比例4中缺少含氧有机树脂乳液，导致整理剂中的有效成分难以粘附于面料之上，进而导致面料的远红外性能大幅下降。对比例5中缺少表面活性剂，胶束无法形成，进而导致面料的触感较差，远红外性能也不佳，说明在远红外陶瓷微粒团聚的过程中，会导致远红外性能也有一定的下降。
实施例1～3中调节了陶瓷基远红外微粒的用量，在不高于3％的质量分数范围内，陶瓷基纳米远红外微粒加入越多，远红外性能就越强。实施例4～8调整了表面活性剂的用量，实施例9～12调整了含氧有机树脂乳液的用量，表面活性剂加入过多会导致面料表面发生板结变硬的现象，不利于面料的手感。含氧有机树脂乳液添加过多则会导致面料表面变粗糙，摩擦力增大，同样不利于提高面料的手感。
进一步地，对实施例13～23进行实验1和实验2，结果如表4所示。
表4、实施例13～23中面料实验结果
Figure GDA0003802370630000071
在上述实施例中，进一步地对整理剂中的成分进行了调整。其中，在实施例13～16中，添加了脂肪族金属盐(上述实施例中为硬脂酸钙)，脂肪族金属盐具有附着于陶瓷基远红外微粒表面，并长效依附于面料表面的效果，可以使面料在经过长期清洗后依旧保持较好的手感。但加入量过多的话，会在体系中引入过多的金属离子，进而导致面料的手感变差。实施例17～20中，进一步添加了金属离子螯合剂EDTA，用于对游离的金属离子进行螯合后，进一步提高了胶束的稳定性的同时，也提高了面料表面的柔顺都，降低了摩擦力，提高了手感。实施例21～23中，进一步添加碘盐有助于提高整理剂中的其他成分在面料表面的稳定性，进一步提高了面料的耐洗能力。
进一步地，对实施例24～30进行实验1和实验2，实验结果如表5所示。
表5、实施例24～30中面料实验结果
Figure GDA0003802370630000081
实施例24～27中对物料的种类进行了调整，整体影响较小，在实际生产过程中，可以根据制备者所用的实际工艺进行调整。在实施例28～30中，进一步对陶瓷基远红外微粒进行表面改性，得到的陶瓷基远红外微粒一方面更加不易团聚，另一方面在面料上也具有更强的连接性能，由于高分子链的缠绕效果，上述面料在长期洗涤后依旧可以保持较好的远红外性能，手感保持地也较好。
进一步地，对于选用不同的面料，按照实施例28中的陶瓷基远红外微粒改性方法及其他物料选择，并调整各组分的用量，选取最优配比，均可得到类似的结果如表6所示。
表6、不同面料的整理剂配方一览
Figure GDA0003802370630000082
上述实验证明，本申请中的技术方案在稍作调整的情况下，可以适用于不同的面料，具有较大的适用范围。
综上所述，本申请通过将面料在整理剂中进行处理，并选用含氧有机树脂乳液、聚烯烃树脂乳液、表面活性剂和陶瓷基远红外微粒的组合，值得的面料具有较好的长效远红外性能和较好的手感，柔软度、平顺度均较佳，适用于不同种类的面料。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释，其并不是对本申请的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (1)

1.一种纳米远红外抗菌面料，其特征在于，通过待处理面料经整理剂处理得到，所述整理剂中包含表面活性剂、含氧有机树脂乳液、占整理剂质量分数0.4～4%的聚烯烃树脂乳液和占整理剂质量分数3%以下的陶瓷基远红外微粒；所述陶瓷基远红外微粒的表面经硅氧烷基柔性分子链改性处理；所述陶瓷基远红外微粒的改性经如下步骤进行：
S1、将陶瓷基远红外微粒与钛酸酯偶联剂进行偶联，得到活化的陶瓷基远红外微粒；
S2、将活化的陶瓷基远红外微粒与带有端基活性基团的硅氧烷高分子链进行反应，并分离，完成改性步骤；所述硅氧烷高分子链的两端均带有活性基团，所述活性基团为羧基、取代氨基或羟基；所述含氧有机树脂乳液选用水性聚氨酯树脂乳液、水性聚醚聚氨酯树脂乳液或环氧树脂乳液中的一种；所述表面活性剂在整理剂中的质量分数为3.4～8.8%，所述含氧有机树脂乳液在整理剂中的质量分数为1.5～5%；所述整理剂中，还包括占整理剂质量分数0.2～0.5%的脂肪酸金属盐；所述整理剂中，还包括占整理剂质量分数0.4～0.8%的金属离子螯合剂；所述整理剂中，还包括占整理剂质量分数0.2～0.4的碘盐；所述待处理面料为晴纶面料、涤纶面料、纯棉面料、莫代尔面料、锦纶面料、丙纶面料中的一种。
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