CN115467086B - 一种水刺无纺布的制备方法及其水刺无纺布 - Google Patents

一种水刺无纺布的制备方法及其水刺无纺布 Download PDF

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CN115467086B
CN115467086B CN202211116581.6A CN202211116581A CN115467086B CN 115467086 B CN115467086 B CN 115467086B CN 202211116581 A CN202211116581 A CN 202211116581A CN 115467086 B CN115467086 B CN 115467086B
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CN115467086A (zh
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赵孝龙
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Yuyao Longxiang Spunlace Hot Rolling Non Woven Co ltd
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Abstract

本申请涉及无纺布领域，具体公开了一种水刺无纺布的制备方法及其水刺无纺布。一种水刺无纺布的制备方法，包括以下制备步骤：S1：将短纤、水和分散剂搅匀，得到短纤混合液；S2：将短纤混合液平铺在基布上；S3：在15‑35Mpa的压力下将短纤水刺到基布上；S4：将S3得到的布料烘干，得到水刺无纺布；另外，本申请的制备方法具有减少短纤从基布上脱落的可能性的优点。

Description

一种水刺无纺布的制备方法及其水刺无纺布
技术领域
本申请涉及无纺布领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种水刺无纺布的制备方法及其水刺无纺布
背景技术
植绒属于一种固定短纤维的工艺，具体的说是将由废纤维经磨碎或切断得到的短纤维粉末，垂直固定于涂有胶粘剂的基布上。近几年，随着电子、纤维、化工、机械等工业的迅速发展，植绒布的品质不断提高，具备立体感强、颜色鲜艳、手感柔和、豪华高贵的特点，其用途也不断扩大，从原来的产业用布逐步发展到服装、包装用布领域，在生活应用中的比重越来越大。
目前，市面上所售植绒布一般是通过化学粘结剂将绒毛粘附到基布上为了安全，化学粘结剂为水性粘结剂，水性粘结剂粘性不够强，随着时间会老化，再加上人手搓洗，导致绒毛容易从基布上脱落。
发明内容
为了减少绒毛从基布上脱落的可能性，本申请提供一种水刺无纺布的制备方法及其水刺无纺布。
本申请提供的一种水刺无纺布的制备方法及其水刺无纺布，采用如下的技术方案：第一方面，本申请提供一种水刺无纺布的制备方法，采用如下的技术方案：
一种水刺无纺布的制备方法，包括以下制备步骤：
S1：将短纤、水和分散剂搅匀，得到短纤混合液；
S2：将短纤混合液平铺在基布上；
S3：在15-35Mpa的压力下将短纤水刺到基布上；
S4：将S3得到的布料烘干，得到水刺无纺布。
通过采用上述技术方案，由于采用水刺的方法将短纤缠结到基布上，不采用粘结剂将短纤粘结到基布，所以不存在粘结剂老化，水相粘结剂粘结效果差，导致基布上的短纤脱毛的问题，除此之外，将短纤通过水刺的方式缠结到基布上,方法简单，效率高。
优选的，所述短纤包括涤纶纤维、锦纶纤维、棉纤或者聚丙烯纤维中的一种或多种，所述短纤还包括玻纤。
通过采用上述技术方案，将玻纤与短纤混合能够增加纤维的缠绕能力，使得纤维能够牢牢缠绕在基布上，减小脱毛的可能性。
优选的，所述短纤为直径0.6mm以下，长度为6-8mm的超细纤维。
通过采用上述技术方案，纤维过长和过粗，不利于纤维钻入基布的孔隙中，也就不利于纤维缠绕在基布上，纤维过短，难以多次缠绕在基步上，缠绕在基布上的牢固性降低。
优选的，将S3得到的布料烘干后，对布料表面进行磨毛处理。
通过采用上述技术方案，磨毛处理能够增加短纤伸出基布的可能性，从而增加基步的柔软感和绒毛感。
优选的，所述短纤混合液中还添加有短纤改性剂，所述短纤改性剂包括以下重量份的原料制成：2-4份有机硅乳液、1-3份壳聚糖溶液、2-5份草酸二酰胺和3-5份甘油酯。
通过采用上述技术方案，壳聚糖溶液增加短纤的润滑性能，有机硅乳液能够减少短纤上的毛丝，降低短纤表面粗糙度，草酸二酰胺能够减小短纤的摩擦系数，甘油酯具有良好的分散性能，还能减小摩擦，上述物质复配，能够从多方面协同减小短纤与基布之间的摩擦，有利于短纤缠绕在基布上，减少脱毛的可能性。
优选的，所述短纤改性剂与水的质量比为1：(15-20)。
通过采用上述技术方案，短纤改性剂与水的质量比例在上述范围内，能够使得短纤与基布之间的摩擦力最小，并且还使得短纤在水中具有良好的分散性能。
优选的，所述短纤在与水混合之前经过以下改性步骤：
S1：将短纤加入质量浓度为(10-15)％的苹果酸溶液中；
S2：在向苹果酸溶液中添加预处理剂；
S3：将短纤放入预处理剂中浸泡后捞出；
其中预处理剂由硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅微乳液混合得到。
通过采用上述技术方案，硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅乳液复配，能够有效增大短纤的柔软性；经过预处理的短纤，柔软性增加，有利于进入基布的缝隙中并且在不同的缝隙中进行缠绕，最终增加短纤在基布上的牢固性，从而减小脱毛的可能性。
优选的，所述硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅微乳液的重量比为(1.5-2.7)：(3.2-4.2)：(4-7)。
通过采用上述技术方案，硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅微乳液的重量比在上述范围内对短纤进行预处理，得到短纤的柔软性较好，最终表现为短纤在基布上的柔软性较好，不易脱落。
优选的，所述苹果酸溶液与预处理剂的质量比为(8-17)：1。
通过采用上述技术方案，苹果酸溶液与预处理剂的质量比在上述范围内，得到的短纤柔软性较好。
第二方面，本申请提供一种水刺无纺布，此水刺无纺布根据上述一种水刺无纺布的制备方法制备得到。
通过采用上述技术方案，相较于采用粘结剂将短纤粘结到基布上，采用水刺的方法将短纤缠结到基布上柔软性好，而且更不易脱毛。
综上所述，本申请具有以下有益效果：
1、由于采用水刺的方法将短纤缠结到基布上，不采用粘结剂将短纤粘结到基布，所以不存在粘结剂老化，水相粘结剂粘结效果差，导致基布上的短纤脱毛的问题，除此之外，将短纤通过水刺的方式缠结到基布上,方法简单，效率高。
2、壳聚糖溶液增加短纤的润滑性能，有机硅乳液能够减少短纤上的毛丝，降低短纤表面粗糙度，草酸二酰胺能够减小短纤的摩擦系数，甘油酯具有良好的分散性能，还能减小摩擦，上述物质复配，能够从多方面协同减小短纤与基布之间的摩擦，有利于短纤缠绕在基布上，减少脱毛的可能性；
3、硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅乳液复配，能够有效增大短纤的柔软性；经过预处理的短纤，柔软性增加，有利于进入基布的缝隙中并且在不同的缝隙中进行缠绕，最终增加短纤在基布上的牢固性，从而减小脱毛的可能性。
具体实施方式
以下实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
原料来源：
壳聚糖溶液，质量浓度20％；
有机硅乳液，固含量40％；
氨改性有机硅微乳液来自吴江市金诚精细化工有限公司。
制备例
短纤改性剂的制备：
制备例1-1
将2kg有机硅乳液、1kg壳聚糖溶液、2kg草酸二酰胺和3kg甘油酯均匀很合得到短纤改性剂。
制备例1-2
将3kg有机硅乳液、2kg壳聚糖溶液、3kg草酸二酰胺和4kg甘油酯均匀很合得到短纤改性剂。
制备例1-3
将4kg有机硅乳液、3kg壳聚糖溶液、5kg草酸二酰胺和5kg甘油酯均匀很合得到短纤改性剂。
制备例1-4
制备例1-4与制备例1-2的不同之处在于，未添加有机硅乳液，其余步骤均与制备例1-2相同。
制备例1-5
制备例1-5与制备例1-2的不同之处在于，未添加壳聚糖溶液，其余步骤均与制备例1-2相同。
制备例1-6
制备例1-6与制备例1-2的不同之处在于，未添加草酸二酰胺，其余步骤均与制备例1-2相同。
制备例1-7
制备例1-6与制备例1-2的不同之处在于，未添加甘油酯，其余步骤均与制备例1-2相同。
预处理短纤制备
制备例2-1
短纤在与水混合之前经过以下预处理步骤：
S1：将短纤加入质量浓度为10％的苹果酸溶液中；
S2：在向苹果酸溶液中添加预处理剂，苹果酸溶液与预处理剂的质量比为8：1；
S3：将短纤放入预处理剂中浸泡后捞出；
其中预处理剂由将1.5kg硬脂酸、3.2kg三乙醇胺和7kg氨改性有机硅微乳液混合得到。
制备例2-2
短纤在与水混合之前经过以下预处理步骤：
S1：将短纤加入质量浓度为12％的苹果酸溶液中；
S2：在向苹果酸溶液中添加预处理剂，苹果酸溶液与预处理剂的质量比为12：1；
S3：将短纤放入预处理剂中浸泡后捞出；
其中预处理剂由2.0kg硬脂酸、3.7kg三乙醇胺和4.5kg氨改性有机硅微乳液混合得到。
制备例2-3
短纤在与水混合之前经过以下预处理步骤：
S1：将短纤加入质量浓度为15％的苹果酸溶液中；
S2：在向苹果酸溶液中添加预处理剂，苹果酸溶液与预处理剂的质量比为17：1；
S3：将短纤放入预处理剂中浸泡后捞出；
其中预处理剂由2.7kg硬脂酸、4.2kg三乙醇胺和7.0kg氨改性有机硅微乳液混合得到。
制备例2-4
短纤在与水混合之前经过以下预处理步骤：
S1：将短纤加入质量浓度为12％的苹果酸溶液中；
S2：在向苹果酸溶液中添加预处理剂，苹果酸溶液与预处理剂的质量比为17：1；
S3：将短纤放入预处理剂中浸泡后捞出；
其中预处理剂由1.0kg硬脂酸、3.0kg三乙醇胺和3.0kg氨改性有机硅微乳液混合得到。
制备例2-5
短纤在与水混合之前经过以下预处理步骤：
S1：将短纤加入质量浓度为12％的苹果酸溶液中；
S2：在向苹果酸溶液中添加预处理剂，苹果酸溶液与预处理剂的质量比为17：1；
S3：将短纤放入预处理剂中浸泡后捞出；
其中预处理剂由3.0kg硬脂酸、4.5kg三乙醇胺和8.0kg氨改性有机硅微乳液混合得到。
实施例1
水刺无纺布的制备方法，包括以下制备步骤：
S1：将涤纶纤维、玻纤、短纤改性剂、水和分散剂搅匀，得到短纤混合液；
S2：将短纤混合液平铺在涤纶针刺布上；
S3：在15Mpa的压力下将短纤水刺到涤纶针刺布上；
S4：将S3得到的布料烘干，对烘干的布料进行磨毛处理，得到水刺无纺布；
其中，短纤混合液来自制备例1-1，短纤改性剂与水的质量比为1：15；
短纤来自制备例2-1。
实施例2
水刺无纺布的制备方法，包括以下制备步骤：
S1：将锦纶纤维、玻纤、短纤改性剂、水和分散剂搅匀，得到短纤混合液；
S2：将短纤混合液平铺在涤纶针刺布上；
S3：在23Mpa的压力下将短纤水刺到涤纶针刺布上；
S4：将S3得到的布料烘干，对烘干的布料进行磨毛处理，得到水刺无纺布；
其中，短纤混合液来自制备例1-2，短纤改性剂与水的质量比为1：18；
短纤来自制备例2-2。
实施例3
水刺无纺布的制备方法，包括以下制备步骤：
S1：将棉纤、玻纤、短纤改性剂、水和分散剂搅匀，得到短纤混合液；
S2：将短纤混合液平铺在涤纶针刺布上；
S3：在35Mpa的压力下将短纤水刺到涤纶针刺布上；
S4：将S3得到的布料烘干，对烘干的布料进行磨毛处理，得到水刺无纺布；
其中，短纤混合液来自制备例1-3，短纤改性剂与水的质量比为1：20；
短纤来自制备例2-3。
实施例4
实施例4与实施例2的不同之处在于，短纤混合液来自制备例1-4，其余步骤均与实施例2相同。
实施例5
实施例5与实施例2的不同之处在于，短纤混合液来自制备例1-5，其余步骤均与实施例2相同。
实施例6
实施例6与实施例2的不同之处在于，短纤混合液来自制备例1-6，其余步骤均与实施例2相同。
实施例7
实施例7与实施例2的不同之处在于，短纤混合液来自制备例1-7，其余步骤均与实施例2相同。
实施例8
实施例8与实施例2的不同之处在于，短纤来自制备例2-4，其余步骤均与实施例2相同。
实施例9
实施例8与实施例2的不同之处在于，短纤来自制备例2-5，其余步骤均与实施例2相同。
实施例10
实施例10与实施例2的不同之处在于，短纤为未加入玻纤，其余步骤均与实施例2相同。
性能检测试验
检测方法
植毛率计算公式：P(％)＝(m2-m1)/C×100％
P—植毛率；
m1—基布质量；
m2—植毛后基布质量；
C—铺在基布上的短纤质量。
脱毛实验按照GB/T22798-2009《毛巾产品脱毛率测试方法》的规定进行，最终得到脱毛率；
实施例1-10制备的水刺无纺布的植毛率和脱毛率的数据如下表：
表1实施例1-10制备的水刺无纺布的植毛率和脱毛率
植毛率(％) 脱毛率(％)
实施例1 92 1.3
实施例2 95.7 0.3
实施例3 93 1.2
实施例4 88.2 2.3
实施例5 89.4 2.1
实施例6 89.3 2
实施例7 90.1 1.7
实施例8 87.2 2.1
实施例9 89.1 2.3
实施例10 91.2 1.9
结合实施例1-3以及表1的数据可以看出，实施例2制备的水刺无纺布的植毛率较高，脱毛率较低；
结合实施例2、实施例4-7以及表1的数据可以看出，壳聚糖溶液、有机硅乳液、草酸二酰胺能够减小短纤的摩擦系数和甘油酯复配，能够从多方面协同减小短纤与基布之间的摩擦，有利于短纤缠绕在基布上，从而有利于提高植毛率，降低脱毛率；
结合实施例2、实施例8-9以及表1的数据可以看出，硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅乳液复配，能够有效增大短纤的柔软性；经过预处理的短纤，柔软性增加，有利于进入基布的缝隙中并且在不同的缝隙中进行缠绕最终增加短纤在基布上的牢固性，从而减小脱毛的可能性，硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅乳液在特定质量比的范围内，制备的水刺无纺布的植毛率最高并且脱毛率最小；
结合实施例2和实施例10以及表1的数据可以看出，玻纤与短纤混合能够增加纤维的缠绕能力，使得纤维能够牢牢缠绕在基布上，减小脱毛的可能性。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释，其并不是对本申请的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (6)

1.一种水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下制备步骤：
S1：将短纤、水和分散剂搅匀，得到短纤混合液；
S2：将短纤混合液平铺在基布上；
S3：在15-35Mpa的压力下将短纤水刺到基布上；
S4：将S3得到的布料烘干，得到水刺无纺布；
所述短纤混合液中还添加有短纤改性剂，所述短纤改性剂包括以下重量份的原料制成：2-4份有机硅乳液、1-3份壳聚糖溶液、2-5份草酸二酰胺和3-5份甘油酯；
所述短纤改性剂与水的质量比为1：（15-20）；
所述短纤在与水混合之前经过以下改性步骤：
S1：将短纤加入质量浓度为（10-15）％的苹果酸溶液中；
S2：在向苹果酸溶液中添加预处理剂；
S3：将短纤放入预处理剂中浸泡后捞出；
其中预处理剂由硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅微乳液混合得到
所述硬脂酸、三乙醇胺和氨改性有机硅微乳液的重量比为（1.5-2.7）：（3.2-4.2）：（4-7）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述短纤包括涤纶纤维、锦纶纤维、棉纤或者聚丙烯纤维中的一种或多种，所述短纤还包括玻纤。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述短纤为直径0.6mm以下，长度为6-8mm的超细纤维。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：将S3得到的布料烘干后，对布料表面进行磨毛处理。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述苹果酸溶液与预处理剂的质量比为（8-17）：1。
6.一种水刺无纺布，其特征在于：此水刺无纺布根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种水刺无纺布的制备方法制备得到。
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