CN113115672A - Method for preventing and controlling underground pests based on water-soluble membrane-released mite and bacterium complex - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling underground pests based on water-soluble membrane-released mite and bacterium complex Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling underground pests based on a water-soluble membrane-released mite-bacterium complex, which comprises the following steps: mixing the metarhizium anisopliae with a carrier matrix, adding the cyclopia californica into the carrier matrix containing the metarhizium anisopliae to obtain a fungus and insect matrix, wrapping the fungus and insect matrix with a water-soluble film, sealing the water-soluble film, and placing the water-soluble film on soil. According to the method for preventing and treating underground pests based on the water-soluble membrane-released mite complex, after the Metarhizium anisopliae and the Endomyces canadensis are wrapped and treated by the water-soluble membrane, stable natural enemy biological communities can be formed around the plant root systems in the soil, and the prevention and treatment effects can be continuously achieved through the water-soluble membrane under the environment conditions with different soil water contents.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of combined control of underground pests by predatory mites and microbial insecticide, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and controlling underground pests based on a water-soluble membrane-released mite and bacterium combination.
Background
In the current agricultural production, the traditional chemical control is mainly used for underground pest control. However, with the use of a large amount of chemical agents and the increasing resistance of underground pests to chemical pesticides, the remarkable effect is that the effective control of underground pest populations to the occurrence of pests is difficult by using low-toxicity and low-residue chemical pesticides. In order to solve the problems and realize harmless green control, predatory natural enemy insects have higher and higher application proportion in agricultural production and are widely applied to the prevention and control of pests on the ground in Insectaceae, chrysoideae, Mantis and Phytoseiidae.
Besides being recognized and utilized by aboveground plants, various predatory natural enemy animals are widely distributed in underground soil. Common insects include Cryptopteridae, Ardisidae, Tiger family, etc., and Macrochelidae, Endomonaceae, etc., of Arachnida. Among them, mature products which have been widely used at home and abroad and developed as commercial products are camauba, mycomacrochella, megalobium catenulatum, epistrictum, camauba, and the like.
In the application of underground pest control, macrobrachiales are used for controlling springworms, soil nematodes, flour mites, muscae volitantes and the like in the production of edible fungi; the Jianmaoligmen can be used for preventing and treating frankliniella occidentalis, edible fungus pests, soil nematodes, spider mites, flea beetle larvae, aphids, red spiders and the like in the underground survival stage. In the using method, the predatory natural enemies are mostly thrown alone or two predatory mites are thrown together to form the predatory effect on the pests. The predatory mite bacteria-carrying product uses the cyclope and the beauveria bassiana to prevent and control the western flower thrips, and 1 ten thousand bacteria-carrying cyclope is used for preventing and controlling overground and underground pests in strawberry production per mu.
In the use method of using the Jianmaoliwu mite to control the soil pests in the shallow soil in the growing season of the plant, the soil is covered after the soil is still applied in a surface soil throwing or artificial soil breaking mode, and the use method and the actual effect of the product form certain difficulty and labor consumption for controlling the soil pests.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for controlling soil insects based on a water-soluble membrane-released mite and bacterium complex.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for controlling underground pests based on a water-soluble membrane-released mite-bacterium complex comprises the following steps: mixing the metarhizium anisopliae with a carrier matrix, adding the sisalana claviperus (hereinafter sometimes conveniently described as "sword mite") into the carrier matrix containing the metarhizium anisopliae to obtain a euglena matrix, wrapping the euglena matrix with a water-soluble film, and then sealing the water-soluble film and placing the water-soluble film on soil.
The water-soluble film is also called water-soluble film, water-soluble plastic film, water-soluble film, cold water film, PVA embroidered film, PVA film, cold water-soluble film and the like, the main component of the water-soluble film is PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), the water-soluble film is a novel environment-friendly material which is processed by a special process and can be rapidly degraded by tap water, the water-soluble film can be rapidly and automatically denatured, decomposed and degraded into low molecular compounds by the action of natural factors, and the water-soluble film has the function of improving the land.
Further, in the method for controlling soil insects based on the water-soluble film-released mite-bacteria complex, the dissolution rate of the water-soluble film in water at 25 ℃ is 18 to 50 seconds; the water-soluble film is a microporous film; the porosity of the water-soluble film is 45-95%; the pore diameter of the micropores of the water-soluble film is 1500-3500 nm; the thickness of the water-soluble film is 0.2-0.45 mm.
Preferably, in the method for controlling soil insects based on the water-soluble film-released mite-bacteria complex, the dissolution rate of the water-soluble film in water at 25 ℃ is 18 to 20 seconds; the porosity of the water-soluble film is 60-90%; the pore diameter of the micropores of the water-soluble film is 2000-3000 nm; the thickness of the water-soluble film is 0.2-0.3 mm.
The dissolution rate of the water-soluble film in water at 25 ℃ is limited to ensure that the water-soluble film can be dissolved under the condition that the water content of soil is 15-20%, so that the mite and bacterium complex can successfully prevent and control pests; the micropores of the water-soluble film are used for ventilation, so that the survival of the fense mites can be ensured, and the fense mites cannot escape through the film; the pore diameter of the micropores is limited, so that the water-soluble film can be dissolved in a certain time in the process of meeting moisture in soil; water-soluble films of different thicknesses have different dissolution rates.
Further, in the method for controlling soil insects based on the water-soluble membrane-released mite and bacterium complex, the water content of the soil is 15-35%; preferably, the moisture content of the soil is 15-25%.
Further, in the method for controlling soil insects based on the water-soluble membrane-released mite and bacterium complex, the water content of the carrier matrix is 35-40%; the carrier matrix is a crushed plant residue; preferably, the carrier matrix is straw particles.
Further, in the method for controlling soil insects based on the water-soluble membrane-released mite complex, the adding amount of the metarhizium anisopliae is as follows: 108-1010(spores. g)-1)/m2(ii) a The dosage of the sisalanobis is as follows: 30-120 heads/m2。
Further, in the method for controlling soil insects based on the water-soluble membrane-released mite and bacteria complex, the soil insects are at least one of golden needle worms, root feeding scarab, root maggots, cutworms or pseudopangolins.
The invention also provides an application of the water-soluble film in preventing and controlling soil insects, wherein the water-soluble film is wrapped with the green yellow green Metarrhizium anisopliae and the sisalastus canavalis, and then the water-soluble film is sealed and placed on soil; preferably, the water-soluble film also encapsulates the carrier matrix.
The invention also provides a mite and bacteria complex, which comprises a fungus and insect substrate and a water-soluble film, wherein the fungus and insect substrate is prepared from green yellow green muscardine fungus, a carrier substrate and sisalae, the water-soluble film is coated outside the fungus and insect substrate, and the preparation method of the mite and bacteria complex comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing metarhizium anisopliae with a carrier matrix, adding the Ennaphalodura Ensiformis into the carrier matrix containing the metarhizium anisopliae to obtain a fungus and insect matrix, wrapping the fungus and insect matrix with a water-soluble film, and sealing the water-soluble film.
It is preferable thatIn the mite-bacteria complex, the pore diameter of the water-soluble film is 2000-3000nm, and the gram weight of the water-soluble film bag is 10-30g/m2The porosity is 60-90%, and the thickness of the water-soluble film is 0.2-0.3 mm.
Preferably, in the mite-bacteria combination, the ratio of the green muscardine fungus, the carrier matrix and the sisalagil is (1-9) × (10)8-1010)g-1: 3-20 g: 30-120 heads.
Preferably, in the mite-bacteria combination, the ratio of the green yellow green muscardine fungus, the carrier matrix and the sisalagil is 5 x (10)8-1010)g-1: 5 g: 30-120 heads.
Preferably, in the mite-bacteria complex, the water content of the carrier matrix is 35-40%; the carrier matrix is a crushed plant residue; preferably, the carrier matrix is straw particles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the method for preventing and treating underground pests based on the water-soluble membrane-released mite complex, after the green yellow muscardine fungus and the Jianmaolang mite are wrapped and treated by the water-soluble membrane, stable natural enemy biological communities can be formed around the plant root systems in the soil, and the prevention and treatment effects can be continuously exerted under the environment conditions of different soil water contents through the water-soluble membrane; the cyclope canadensis increases the contact chance of underground pests by the metarhizium anisopliae through the crawling activity in soil, forms wounds on pest epidermis layers through predation, and has the synergistic effect of accelerating the metarhizium anisopliae to invade the pest body through the wounds to realize combined disinsection; according to the actual quantity change of the water content of the soil in the field and the population density of underground pests in the field, the control effect can be rapidly increased by selectively using a manual watering mode at the key pest-killing stage and the pest-killing period of the underground pests in a set time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the mortality of Enaparapera in a combination of acarids at different times at 15 ℃ according to an example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metarrhizium anisopliae) adopted by the invention is stored in an agricultural plant pathology laboratory of Jilin agricultural science and technology institute.
The sisalanobis hybrida adopted by the invention is purchased from Fujian Jalim organism control technology Limited company.
The gillyhock worms of the invention are collected from farm experimental fields of Jilin agriculture science and technology institute.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1 preparation of acaricidal associations
Adopting a climatic chamber to propagate the Jiang Mao Liao mites by adopting Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Tyrophagus putrescentiae) as feed under the condition of a laboratory, and separating out 30, 60 and 120 Jian Mao Liao mites respectively; the Metarhizium anisopliae powder has a concentration of 1 × 108Spore. g-1，1×109Spore. g-1，1×1010Spore. g-1。
Selecting 10-mesh crop straw crushed matter particles, weed litters and the like, and sterilizing for 20 minutes at 121 ℃. Adjusting the water content of the bacteria-carrying carrier matrix to 35-40% by adopting sterile water according to the dissolution degree of the water content of the carrier matrix to the water-soluble film.
Respectively mixing 1 × 108Spore. g-1，1×109Spore. g-1，1×1010Spore. g-15g of green muscardine fungus wettable powder with the concentration is mixed with 5g of straw particles with the water content of 35-40 percent.
30, 60 and 120 dycephares with the same size are respectively added into carrier matrixes carrying the green-yellow destructor with different concentrations.
A water-soluble film bag having a length X width of 60X 40mm and a film thickness of 0.3mm was used (manufacturer: Tanzhou blue sea)Packaging limited) for packaging. The pore diameter of the micropores of the water-soluble membrane bag is 2000-3000nm, and the gram weight of the water-soluble membrane bag is 10-30g/m2The porosity is 60-90%. Water solubility of water-soluble film pouch: can be dissolved in water or water solution at 0 deg.C or above, and the dissolution rate in water at 25 deg.C is 18-20 s. The dissolution rate in the soil is different according to the comprehensive environmental conditions, and in the water absorption and dissolution process, under the condition of 15-20 ℃: the water content of the soil is lower than 15%, and the membrane dissolution rate is higher than 90 hours; the water content of the soil is 15-25%, and the film dissolution rate is 48-60 hours; the water content of the soil is 25-35%, and the film dissolution rate is 24-30 hours; the water content of the soil is higher than 35%, and the dissolution rate of the film is less than 4-16 hours. Due to the limitation of water required in the dissolving process of the water-soluble film, 5-6g of straw particles with the water content of 35-40% are loaded in the water-soluble film bag at the indoor temperature of 15 ℃, the bag body has no dissolving phenomenon, and only micropores with the diameter of 0.3-0.5mm are generated.
And filling 10g +/-1 g of the uniformly mixed fungus and insect substrate into a water-soluble film packaging bag to prepare a mite and fungus complex, filling air, sealing by using a sealing machine, and storing at 15 ℃.
And (3) measuring by using a humidity sensor, wherein the relative humidity of the air in the straw particles is 83-85% under the condition of a closed environment in the water-soluble membrane after the air is filled. For the determination in the 15 + -1 deg.C incubator, the mortality of Enapapraparidis in the mite-bacteria combination was checked daily and each treatment was repeated 5 times. The results of the experiment are shown in FIG. 1.
The result shows that in a relatively closed mite and bacterium combination body, the mortality rate of different densities of the Jian Mao Pai special mites is large in 120-head death change range, and after 9 days, the mortality rate is increased rapidly; the density is 60 heads, no death occurs within 9 days, less than 10% of the mortality rate can last for 8 days, and the density can last for 10-13 days when the density is 30 heads. After 25 days, mortality rates were significantly increased in different population densities of sisalanobis.
Example 2 indoor bioassay of Water-soluble Membrane-Encapsulated mite complexes of different pore sizes on Flammulina tenuis
A water-soluble film bag (manufacturer: Kataki Kaisha packaging Co., Ltd.) having a length X width of 60X 40mm and a film thickness of 0.3mm and having a pore diameter of micropores was used2000-3000nm, and the gram weight of the water-soluble film bag is 10-30g/m2The porosity is 60-90%. Water solubility of water-soluble film pouch: can be dissolved in water or water solution at 0 deg.C or above, and the dissolution rate in water at 25 deg.C is 18-20 s. Selecting farmland soil with 20% of conventional water content, determining the biological determination result of wrapped mite-bacteria complex containing membranes with different micropore sizes (the micropore sizes are respectively imperforate, 500-plus-1500 nm micropore, 2000-plus-3000 nm and 3000-plus-5000 nm) in the laboratory, and showing the biological determination result of the Endoma tenuissima in Table 1
TABLE 1 lethal effect of water-soluble films with different porosities on Endomastia tenuifolia
The result shows that the water-soluble film with the porosity of 2000-3000nm is optimal in the lethality rate and the parasitic rate of the gillyflower switzmann, and the lasting period is up to 21 days. The nonporous water-soluble film is influenced by the change of the water content of soil, the solvent speed is slow, and the effect of the mite-bacterium union is poor and is lower than the control effect of other films with pores after being wrapped. The parasitism rate and the fatality rate of the 500-plus 1500nm pore water-soluble film to the thin-chest golden larvas are lower than 3000nm for 2000-plus and 5000nm for 4000-plus. The effect of the 4000-plus 5000nm water-soluble membrane-wrapped mite complex on the parasitic rate and the lethality rate of the small-chest golden insects on the 7 th day and the 14 th day is not obviously different from that of the 2000-plus 3000nm water-soluble membrane-wrapped mite complex; but the lethality and the parasitism rate are obviously reduced on 21 days and 28 days, and the control effect has short duration.
Example 3A combination of Metarrhizium flavoviridae and Endomethae serpyllum water-soluble film-coated fungus mites is specific to Endomyces microphyllus indoor organisms
According to the change of the survival rate of the Jian Mao Piao in the mite and bacterium complex, indoor biological detection is respectively carried out on the Jian Mao Piao, the yellow green muscardine and the mite and bacterium complex with different population densities on the wireworm golden larvas. Simulating the change of soil amount with different water content, and determining the influence of different soil water content on the release rate and the control effect of the mite and bacterium complex.
According to the survey benchmark data of the soil water content of the field farmland in the spring sowing period, the soil water content of the plough layer is changed dynamically in the range of 15-25%, the soil water content gradient change of 5% of the interval is set respectively, the indoor control effect on the underground pests is achieved after the different quantities of the cyclopia sisa and 5g of the green yellow muscardine fungi with different concentrations are verified in the laboratory, the farmland soil with the depth of 10cm is contained in the food-grade plastic air-vent preservation box, the soil moisture sensor is adopted to adjust different water contents for treatment, and the treatment is repeated for 5 times. The combinations of different bacteria and insects and English are abbreviated in Table 2.
TABLE 2 different combinations of insect concentration and quantity
TABLE 3 mortality and parasitic rate (soil moisture content of 15%) of Endomastica serrulata and Metarrhizium anisopliae by different combination modes
The water content of the soil is 15 percent and is 1 multiplied by 108Spore. g-1In the lower concentration treatment, the combination of metarhizium anisopliae and campylobacter calcoaceticus had a parasitic rate of 3.19% and a mortality rate of 2.04% when the population density of only campylobacter calcoaceticus reached the maximum of 120 treatments. Along with the increase of the concentration of the metarhizium anisopliae, the parasitism rate and the fatality rate of the gillyflower swinheimia are both obviously increased (P is less than 0.05). In the treatment of the population density of different sisalana epididae with the same concentration and dosage of the microbial inoculum, the population density is large and has a determining effect (P is more than 0.05). In the treatment of the same dosage of microbial inoculum and the density of the Jianmao special mites, the water-soluble membrane-coated mite and bacterium combination has a significantly longer acting time in soil than that of a combination without the membrane treatment (P < 0.05). Under the condition of 15% of soil water content, the treatment of the green muscardine fungi with different concentrations only has parasitic effect on the wireworm within 14 days; the sole use of the high population density sisopera terrestris has lower effect on the thin-chest flammulina velutipes within 7 daysThe lethality of (a).
TABLE 4 mortality and parasitic rate (soil moisture content 20%) of Endomastia serrulata and Metarrhizium anisopliae by different combination modes
The soil water content is 20%, after 14 days, the insecticidal union is 1X 109Spore. g-1+60、1×109Spore. g-1+120 and 1X 1010Spore. g-1The lethality of +30 to the golden insects is 46.67%, 60% and 53.33% respectively, the parasitism rate is 33.33%, 40% and 40% respectively, and the three groups of treatments have no significant difference (P is more than 0.05); 1X 1010Spore. g-1+60 and 1X 1010Spore. g-1+120 mortality rates to the golden insects are 66.67% and 73.33%, respectively, and parasitic rates are 60% and 66.67%; after 21 days, the control effect is 1 multiplied by 10 optimally10Spore. g-1The mortality rate of the +120 mite complex to the golden insects is 20 percent, and the parasitic rate of the metarhizium anisopliae is 33.33 percent. There were no significant differences between the 21 and 28 day treatments (P > 0.05).
In the treatment of 20% of soil water content, the lethality rate of the mite-bacterium complex to the wireworm is obviously higher than 15% of soil water content; after 28 days, the lasting period of the mite and bacterium combination in the soil with higher water content is longer than that of the soil with lower water content. On the premise that the concentrations of the metarhizium anisopliae inocula are the same, the mortality and the parasitic rate of the dracaena rupestris with large population density on the wireworm flammulina are higher than those of the predatory mites with small population density. The effect of the wettable powder of the metarhizium anisopliae with adjacent concentration on the wireworms depends on the individual density of the sword mites, and when the density is higher, the concentration of the mite complex microbial inoculum is low but the fatality rate and the parasitic rate are higher than those of the metarhizium anisopliae with large dose for treatment.
TABLE 5 mortality and parasitic rate (soil moisture content of 25%) of Endomastia serrulata and Metarrhizium anisopliae by different combination modes
Soil content is 25%, and the water-soluble film release technology is used for treating mite-bacteria complex combination to be 1 × 109Spore. g-1+60、1×109Spore. g-1+120、1×1010Spore. g-1+30 and 1X 1010Spore. g-1The 14-day mortality rate of +60 to the golden insects is the highest, and is respectively 58.93, 65.43, 68.54, 80.51 and 83.65, and the lower than parasitic rate is respectively 67.15, 73.82, 72.21, 85.17 and 89.92(P is more than 0.05); mortality and parasitism rates were low on days 7 and 28 of treatment, with no significant difference (P > 0.05). 1X 1010Spore. g-1+60 and 1X 1010Spore. g-1The +120 treatments were not different (P > 0.05), indicating that a higher mortality rate was achieved with a number of C.jiangsi of 60 under the same treatment conditions.
The bioassay results of different soil water contents in a laboratory on the wireworm flammulina velutipes by a microscopic examination method show that the combination of the green-yellow green destructor with different concentrations and different quantities of the tepa sisalangii has obvious inhibition effect on the population density of the underground pests, and the change of the soil water content obviously influences the exertion of the mite-bacterium complex effect (P is less than 0.001). In the soil water content increasing process, the parasitic rate and the death rate of the gilles pinkeye are increased by different treatments, wherein when the soil water content is 15%, the effect of mite and bacterium combination is not fully exerted, and the death rate and the parasitic rate of the gilles pinkeye in the determined lasting period are obviously lower than those of the soil with the water content of 25%. In the soil treatment with the water content of 20% and 25%, the lethality and parasitism rate are obviously improved (P is more than 0.05) with the further increase of the water content. Meanwhile, comparing the bioassay results of the 21 st day and the 28 th day, the lasting period of the water-soluble film releasing technology mite and bacterium complex combined treatment on the golden insects is obviously prolonged and is higher than that of other treatments (P is less than 0.01).
By combining the biological measurements of different treatments on different soil water contents, the release time of the mite and bacterium complex in the water-soluble mode is related to the soil water content, and the comprehensive effectiveness of the mite and bacterium complex is limited by 15% of the soil water content. When the water content of the soil is lower, the soluble membrane is dissolved for a longer time, so that the activity of the intramembrane mites is influenced, and the control effect is adversely affected. While relatively low soil moisture content is not conducive to the germination of metarhizium lutescens spores, and relatively low moisture content limits the activity and predation behavior of the predatory sword mites.
Example 4 field drug effect test of field on Laticauda drumstick larvae
According to the fatality rate of indoor green muscardine fungus with different concentrations and Jianmaofule mite to underground pests, a field pesticide effect control test is carried out, and a field pesticide effect test is carried out on the underground pests in the farmland, namely the Tinospora tenuifolia Heim in combination with the corn sowing period. The test field is positioned on a farm of the Jilin agriculture science and technology institute, the planted crop is corn, the corn is processed in autumn and autumn by adopting a physical mechanical mode, and the original underground pests in the soil are removed by a hand picking method during spring and spring overturning. The water content of the plough layer soil in the sowing period is 22 percent, and the water is reduced by 2-25mm after 12 days of sowing. Different test control areas are arranged, the area of each area is 3m long and 5m wide, and plastic films are adopted to arrange isolation belts between different treatment rooms in the ridges. According to the indoor biological measurement result, farmland measurement is carried out on different agents and natural enemy tissue culture modes and throwing technologies of indoor biological measurement, the amount of the mite and bacterium combination thrown into the farmland is in direct proportion to the area of a test field, the number of different sword mites is selected by taking an untreated blank as a control, and the farmland measurement is repeated for 3 times. The test of the gilles worms with thin chest was provided by the insect laboratory of the Jilin agriculture science and technology institute. Selecting 3-year-old fine-chest wireworm larvae, putting 50 heads per cell and 15 square meters into 10 bags of water-soluble membrane mite and bacterium complex. And on 27 days 4 and 4 months in 2019, after the corns are sown for 3 days, putting a mite and bacterium combination wrapped by a pore membrane with a water-soluble membrane of 3000nm and 2000-plus in the field soil, selecting every 7 fields to carry out field control effect investigation according to the pest habit of the Endomastia gracilis and the growth key period of the corns, and carrying out weighted average calculation on the parasitic rate and the mortality rate for 21 days.
TABLE 6 field control of mite and bacteria combination on Endomastia tenuissima in different combinations
The results show that after the farmland soil with the water content of 22% in the sowing period is treated for 7 days, the population decline rate is 12.37%, and after 14 days, the water-soluble mite-bacterium complex treats the Tinospora tenuissima at 1 × 1010Spore. g-1+60 and 1X 1010Spore. g-1The control effects of +120 are respectively 83.53% and 85.77% at the highest (P is more than 0.05), which shows that under the same microbial inoculum concentration with the highest dose, the control effect is not influenced when the density of the sisalanobis is more than 60 heads, and the control effect is obviously different when the density is 30 heads (P is less than 0.05). After 21 days, the mortality rate was 56.49%. After 14 days of investment, the reduction rate of insect population is obviously higher than that after 7 days of investment (P is less than 0.001); on day 21, the control effect of different treatments is obviously reduced compared with that of the previous 14 days, and the control effect is obviously different from that of the day 7 and the day 14. The control effect of the water-soluble membrane release technology mite combination with different microbial inoculum concentrations and predatory mite densities on the wireworm is superior to that of the single application technology of the green yellow muscardine fungus and the sisopera, wherein the green muscardine fungus concentration is 1 multiplied by 109Spore. g-1With the above dosage, a very significant difference (P < 0.001) was achieved. The control effect of the Bradybaena chrysosporium is obviously lower than that of the combination of the two (P is less than 0.05) when the different dosages of the Metarrhizium anisopliae are used alone and the different population densities of the Bradybaena sisalangii are used alone.
The field test result shows that the change of the soil water content has certain influence on the prevention and control effect of the mite and bacterium complex, the release effect of the Metarrhizium anisopliae and the Endomastichus canarii of the mite and bacterium complex is slow by depending on the inherent water content of the soil, and the death effect of the thin chest flammulina can be obviously changed by precipitation.
The results of indoor lethality and field control effect determination show that the green-yellow green muscardine fungus and the sisalaska are capable of forming stable natural enemy biological communities around the plant root systems in the soil in the wrapping treatment of the water-soluble film, and the water-soluble film can continuously play a role in prevention and treatment under the environmental conditions of different soil water contents. The cyclope canadensis increases the contact chance of underground pests by the metarhizium anisopliae through the crawling activity in soil, forms wounds on pest epidermis layers through predation, and has the synergistic effect of accelerating the metarhizium anisopliae to invade the pest body through the wounds to achieve combined disinsection. In future use, the rapid increase of the control effect can be realized by selectively using a manual watering mode at a key pest-killing stage and a pest-killing period of the underground pests in a specified time according to the actual occurrence amount change of the water content of the soil in the field and the population density of the underground pests in the field.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for controlling underground pests based on a water-soluble membrane-released mite-bacterium complex is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mixing the metarhizium anisopliae with a carrier matrix, adding the cyclopia californica into the carrier matrix containing the metarhizium anisopliae to obtain a fungus and insect matrix, wrapping the fungus and insect matrix with a water-soluble film, sealing the water-soluble film, and placing the water-soluble film on soil.
2. The method for controlling subterranean pests based on water-soluble membrane-released mite-associated bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dissolution rate of the water-soluble film in water at 25 ℃ is 18-50 seconds; the water-soluble film is a microporous film; the porosity of the water-soluble film is 45-95%; the pore diameter of the micropores of the water-soluble film is 1500-3500 nm; the thickness of the water-soluble film is 0.2-0.45 mm.
3. The method for controlling soil insects based on water-soluble membrane-released mite complex as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the dissolution rate of the water-soluble film in water at 25 ℃ is 18-20 seconds; the porosity of the water-soluble film is 60-90%; the pore diameter of the micropores of the water-soluble film is 2000-3000 nm; the thickness of the water-soluble film is 0.2-0.3 mm.
4. The method for controlling subterranean pests based on water-soluble membrane-released mite-associated bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water content of the soil is 15-35%; preferably, the moisture content of the soil is 15-25%.
5. The method for controlling subterranean pests based on water-soluble membrane-released mite-associated bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water content of the carrier matrix is 35-40%; the carrier matrix is a crushed plant residue; preferably, the carrier matrix is straw particles.
6. The method for controlling subterranean pests based on water-soluble membrane-released mite-associated bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adding amount of the green yellow green muscardine fungus is as follows: 108-1010(spores. g)-1)/m2(ii) a The dosage of the sisalanobis is as follows: 30-120 heads/m2。
7. The method for controlling subterranean pests based on water-soluble membrane-released mite-associated bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil insects are at least one of wireworms, root feeding scarab, root maggots, cutworms or pseudoingrafts.
8. Use of a water-soluble film for controlling subterranean pests, characterized in that: wrapping the water-soluble film with the Metarrhizium anisopliae and the Endomonaea serpyllum, sealing the water-soluble film, and placing the water-soluble film on soil; preferably, the water-soluble film also encapsulates the carrier matrix.
9. A mite-bacteria complex, characterized by: the mite and bacterium combination comprises a bacterium and worm substrate and a water-soluble film, wherein the bacterium and worm substrate is prepared from green muscardine fungus, a carrier substrate and sisalaborage, the water-soluble film is coated outside the bacterium and worm substrate, and the preparation method of the mite and bacterium combination comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing metarhizium anisopliae with a carrier matrix, adding the Ennaphalodura Ensiformis into the carrier matrix containing the metarhizium anisopliae to obtain a fungus and insect matrix, wrapping the fungus and insect matrix with a water-soluble film, and sealing the water-soluble film.
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