CN1214726C - Strain and fungus agent for preventingand controlling malignant weed alternathera philoxeroides - Google Patents
Strain and fungus agent for preventingand controlling malignant weed alternathera philoxeroides Download PDFInfo
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- CN1214726C CN1214726C CN 03146132 CN03146132A CN1214726C CN 1214726 C CN1214726 C CN 1214726C CN 03146132 CN03146132 CN 03146132 CN 03146132 A CN03146132 A CN 03146132A CN 1214726 C CN1214726 C CN 1214726C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a bacterial strain and a bacterial agent for biologically preventing and controlling water peanut and the application of the bacterial strain and the bacterial agent, which belongs to the field of biological prevention and control and is especially used for safely preventing and controlling water peanut with high efficiency. The bacterial strain is WNJ01, which belongs to a fusarium spp., and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 0922. The bacterial strain has the characteristics of strong parasitic specialization, environmental safety and good preventing and controlling effects on the ground part and the underground part of the water peanut. The bacterial agent does not have pathogenicity to tested crops, and is a very good substitute for available pesticides with serious pollution currently. The bacterial agent can be used by spraying, and the concentration of fungus spores is 105 spores/ml. After the bacterial strain and the bacterial agent are used for 5 to 10 days, more than 95% of target drone malignant weed water peanut can be killed. The preventing and controlling effects of water peanut preventing bacterial agents with different concentration on the water peanut are disclosed in a diagram 1.
Description
(1) technical field
A kind of bacterial strain, microbial inoculum and application that prevents and treats the malignant weed water peanut of the present invention belongs to the biological control field.The safety that is exclusively used in water peanut is prevented and kill off, and resulting biological agent is a kind of new highy potent herbicide.Provide a kind of good chemical pesticide substitute serious today at pesticide pollution.
(2) background technology
Water peanut, formal name used at school alternanthera philoxeroides (Alternantliera philoxeroides Griseb) has another name called Alternanthera philoxeroides, is that Amaranthaceae (Amaranthaecae) alternanthera belongs to (Alternamthera) perennial perennial root herbaceous plant.Spray is born in late 1930s and is introduced a fine variety to China, because water peanut vitality is strong, be adapted to aquatic and terrestial enviornment, growth and breeding is rapid, and the artificial diffusion of introducing a fine variety is arranged, so water peanut China the speed that spreads very fast, at present very extensive based on the distribution of the wide geographic area of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River in China, becoming the main malignant weed of this area, also is external dangerous biological important representative biology to China's invasion.
Nourishing and growing of water peanut is very vigorous, well developed root system, and acrial part is in great numbers, mainly grows in environment such as farmland (comprising paddy field and dry land), vacant lot, fish pond, irrigation canals and ditches, river course and causes harm.Water peanut in the farmland, grow win honour for crop, water, fertilizer and space, cause crop failure and quality to descend; Also can influence the farming operation at ridge and the growth in blocks of field water peanut; Growth and breeding can influence the photosynthesis of submerged plant in aquatic environments such as fish pond, causes oxygen in water content to reduce; The after stain water quality of rotting, BOD raises in the water body, and aquatic biological such as fishes and shrimps is suffocated; The increase of the content of organic matter can impel growing of microorganism in the water of rotten back, aquatic biological is produced poison; The lamination of water peanut in the fish pond also can influence aquatic product fishery; Growth in river course and irrigation canals and ditches can stop up water channel, restriction current, increase deposition, and water transportation and field irrigation are caused totally unfavorable influence; Water peanut in the roadside, ground growths such as public greenery patches, residential block spread, and have had a strong impact on the attractive in appearance and health of environment.Therefore widely distributed, endangering serious water peanut has become the current problem studying and solve demanded urgently.
The root system of water peanut is very flourishing, and root system belongs to indefinite root system, and adventive root can further be grown and is meat storage property root, i.e. perennial root.About root diameter 1cm.Stem length can reach more than the 1m, and it is crisscross that cane is arachnoid.Tight knot on the stem, energy-conservation taking root.Spending of water peanut generally can not be solid, and carry out vegetative propagation by nutrition organs, and save unrooted with 1-2 summer does not have in the cane bubble entry of leaf, can produce side shoot after 3-4 days.When spring, temperature was suitable, the indefinite bud surplus in the of 10 of can growing in the meat tuber root of nonirrigated farmland.The water peanut strong stress resistance.When winter temperature was reduced to 0 ℃, its water surface or acrial part were freezed to death, but in the water and underground rhizome still maintain vigour, spring is during temperature recovery to 10 ℃, survive the winter under water or underground rhizome can sprout; Can grow as usual through 30 days high temperature and dry seasons more than 35 ℃ in poor soil; Segment energy continued growth breeding in soil that machinery is turned over the back stem; The stem section is tanned by the sun and still can be survived in 1-2 days; Enter to cause once more behind the farmland without the stem section of becoming thoroughly decomposed or do not digested and infect by domestic animal.
The adaptive capacity to environment of water peanut is very strong, is adapted to aquatic and environment Lu Sheng.Drought carded sliver spare lower blade is smaller than the length and width degree of aquatic conditions lower blade, and thickness is slightly thick, and the leaf look darker, and the angle between blade and the stem is less, and blade is stood upright.Water peanut blade cuticula thickens under the drought carded sliver spare, and pore sink, and palisade tissue layering and cell are arranged closely, and aquatic conditions lower blade cuticula is thin, and palisade tissue only has a confluent monolayer cells and cell bigger, arranges loose.Water peanut is survived the winter by underground (under water) rhizome, utilize trophosome to carry out vegetative propagation, and have the growth and development characteristics and the morphosis that adapt with environmental condition, these are main causes that the ramp of water peanut energy spreads, and have also increased difficulty for preventing and kill off of water peanut simultaneously.
Because the serious harm of water peanut, the scientist of various countries has carried out big quantity research to preventing and kill off of water peanut.Present the method for control mainly can be divided into physics weeding, chemical weed control and three kinds of methods of biological control.Physical method is owing to waste time and energy, and cost is too high, and effect is undesirable; After the sixties, the chemical control technology of water peanut is being explored always by many countries such as the U.S., Australia, filter out be suitable for varying environment, effective, to the weed killer herbicide of target crop safety,, metsulfuron-methyl logical, execute that it is grand etc. as glyphosate, dichlobenil, hundred ridges.But present chemical agent is only effective to acrial part at short notice, can't dig up the roots, and the use of a large amount of weed killer herbicides is very serious to the pollution of environment, causes a lot of economy and social concern.The appearance of biological control provides new hope to people.Present biological control comprises that the natural enemy insect and the pathogen of adopting water peanut prevent and kill off.Up to now, being mainly used in the natural enemy insect that water peanut prevents and kill off is that bent line is chrysomelid, but this insect only has certain effect to acrial part, and can not survive the winter at China's wide geographic area, so effect is very limited; The pathogen of application water peanut provides a very potential approach of preventing and kill off for the biological control of water peanut.Barreto (1999) reports every chain lattice spore (Nimbya alternantherae) and lotus seeds grass spore bacterium (Cercospora alternantherae) two kinds of new water peanut pathomycete alternanthera vacations that use in 5 continents of Brazil first, with Brazil and Australia two kinds of biotypes water peanut as prevention target, the result shows that the alternanthera vacation shows herbicidal effect preferably every chain lattice spore, is a kind of potential biocontrol fungi; Xiang Meimei etc. are separated to has inhibiting alternanthera vacation to find that every people such as chain lattice spore (Nimbya alternantherae) Wan Zuoxi chain has very strong pathogenic effects every the toxin of spore bacterium (Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler) to water peanut to water peanut.But, also there not be commercial prod at present owing to the maturation of water peanut biological control because pathogen is subjected to the influence of factors such as environment, formulation and the host range of cause of disease own to the control efficiency of water peanut.Strong, the pathogenicity of screening specificity in parasitism is strong, storage endurance transportation, the water peanut pathogen strong to environment-adapting ability, and the harm of control malignant weed water peanut is had great importance, and also has great market prospects.
(3) summary of the invention
Technical problem the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bacterial strain, microbial inoculum and application that prevents and treats the malignant weed water peanut, find a kind of water peanut is had better cause a disease and the biological agent of the ability of causing death, farm environment malignant weed water peanut preventive effect is reached more than 95%.Can reduce the pollution of chemical pesticide to environment.
Technical scheme
A kind of bacterial strain of preventing and treating the malignant weed water peanut is characterized in that:
Bacterial strain WNJ01 belongs to a kind of sickle-like bacteria, Fusarium spp., and pathogen does not have microconidia, and macroconidium 3-5 separates, and the spore size is 43.2 * 5.16 (μ m), and terminal circle or sharp has tangible foot; Bacterium colony pink on PDA/PSA, growth rate are 0.475cm/d; 25 ℃, pH value are that 11 PSA medium is its suitableeest growth conditions.Depositary institution: the common micro-organisms center C GMCC of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms, preservation date: 2003/4/18, preserving number: CGMCC No.0922; This bacterial strain specificity in parasitism is strong, Environmental security, water peanut above and below ground part is all had better preventive effect.
The preparation of biocontrol fungicide: the sickle-like bacteria bacterial strain WNJ01 that separates is transferred on the PDA flat board, in 25 ℃, dark, cultivate after 5 days, cut 20 of 1 * 1mm mycelia pieces along colony edge, transfer in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, vibration (80rpm) was cultivated after 10 days in 25 ℃, dark, measure conidial concentration in the culture fluid, spore concentration is adjusted to 10
7Individual spore/ml, standby with preservation under the room temperature.：
The application of above-mentioned control malignant weed water peanut biocontrol fungicide: with 100 times of microbial inoculum dilutions, to 10
5Individual spore/ml adds 2% (v/v) Tween 80, when humidity ratio is big between the lights, with bacterium liquid according to every 10m
2The consumption of using 300mL is sprayed onto on the water peanut.
Beneficial effect a kind of bacterial strain of preventing and treating the malignant weed water peanut provided by the present invention, microbial inoculum and using method thereof compared with prior art, have following advantage and good effect:
1, separates the sickle-like bacteria bacterial strain obtain among the present invention and have that specificity in parasitism is strong, Environmental security, water peanut above and below ground part all had the characteristics of better preventive effect.
2, use separation obtains among the present invention sickle-like bacteria to be the control of the water peanut mycoherbicide of basis preparation to water peanut, after about 3-10 days, the water peanut above-ground plant parts is rotten fully, and under ground portion also rots, and farm environment malignant weed water peanut preventive effect is reached more than 95%.
At present the main method of preventing and treating to the malignant weed water peanut is: chemical herbicide: chemical pesticide makes that it is grand, Bensulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl etc.; Physics is prevented and kill off: the main method that adopts artificial salvaging; Control grass with worm: utilize the bent line of natural enemy insect chrysomelid;
Chemical weed control has a large amount of residue of pesticide in the above method, and is serious to ecological environmental pollution, and can only prevent and kill off the acrial part of water peanut, and water peanut in preventing and kill off maximum problem be exactly that the under ground portion amount of growth is big, environmental pollution is serious; Physics is prevented and kill off needs great amount of manpower and physics, and efficient is very low, nor can remove under ground portion; Be used for controlling the chrysomelid blade that also can only get the drinking water peanut of bent line of grass, and at China's wide geographic area, this insect can't survive the winter, not using value with worm;
And separate among the present invention the sickle-like bacteria obtain for the water peanut mycoherbicide of basis preparation to the control of water peanut have speed soon, highly specially change, Environmental security, pollution-free, and can kill the most serious under ground portion of water peanut harm.Therefore compare with the existing method of preventing and treating, the weed killer herbicide that this research institute obtains has more wide application prospect.
3, environmentally safe: biocontrol microorganisms has biological safety to different plants.Evidence is respectively wheat, paddy rice, cotton, cucumber, radish, little green vegetables, lady's-grass, eleusine indica to the other plant material and all has biological safety.Fig. 4.
(4) description of drawings
The conidiogenous cell of Fig. 1 biocontrol bacterial strain;
The sertoli cell of Fig. 2 biocontrol bacterial strain;
Fig. 3 variable concentrations biocontrol microorganisms is to the lethal effect (after using 3 days) of water peanut
Fig. 4 biocontrol microorganisms is to the biological safety of different plants, and AII is a water peanut, and the other plant material is respectively wheat, paddy rice, cotton, cucumber, radish, little green vegetables, lady's-grass, eleusine indica
(5) embodiment
The separation of pathogen: from the water peanut plants stems base portion of natural occurrence, adopt 70% (mass ratio, after Hereinafter the same) alcohol carries out surface sterilization, cut the water peanut tissue of 2mm * 2mm from the strong intersection of disease, place on the PDA medium, cultivation is after 2 days in 25 ℃, dark, there is hypha,hyphae to grow from organization edge, according to Koch's Postulates, the mycelium of pure culture tieback is again determined that this separator is exactly the pathogen of water peanut to the water peanut of health.Identify through indoor cultivation, the pathogen that this research institute separates is a kind of sickle-like bacteria, Fusarium spp., (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) called after: WNJ01, the preservation address: China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center (Beijing) CGMCC, preservation date: 2003/4/18, preserving number: CGMCC No.0922; This bacterial strain specificity in parasitism is strong, Environmental security, water peanut above and below ground part is all had better preventive effect;
The preparation of biocontrol fungicide: the sickle-like bacteria bacterial strain WNJ01 that separates is transferred on the PDA flat board, in 25 ℃, dark, cultivate after 5 days, cut 20 of 1 * 1mm mycelia pieces along colony edge, transfer in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, vibration (80rpm) was cultivated after 10 days in 25 ℃, dark, measure conidial concentration in the culture fluid, spore concentration is adjusted to 10
7Individual spore/ml, standby with preservation under the room temperature.
Application process: with 100 times of above microbial inoculum dilutions, to 10
5Individual spore/ml adds 2% Tween-80 solution, when humidity ratio is big between the lights, with bacterium liquid according to every 10m
2The consumption of using 300mL is sprayed onto on the water peanut, and after about 3 days, the water peanut above-ground plant parts is rotten fully, and after 7 days, underground root is rotten fully.Fig. 3.
Preventing and kill off of embodiment 1 terrestrial water peanut:
The living environment of water peanut comprises the two kinds of environment in land and waters.With 100 times of microbial inoculum dilutions provided by the present invention, to 10
5Individual spore/ml adds 2% Tween 80, when humidity ratio is big between the lights, with bacterium liquid according to every 10m
2The consumption of using 300mL is sprayed onto on the water peanut, after 1 day, occurs tangible brown necrotic plaque on the water peanut tender leaf, after about 5 days, the water peanut above-ground plant parts is rotten fully, after 10 days, underground root is rotten fully, and farm environment malignant weed water peanut preventive effect is reached more than 95%.
The preventing and kill off of water peanut in the river course, example 2 waters:
With 100 times of microbial inoculum dilutions provided by the present invention, to 10
5Individual spore/ml adds 2% Tween 80, between the lights or early morning, and according to every 10m
2The consumption of using 300mL is sprayed onto on the water peanut, after 1 day, occurs tangible brown necrotic plaque on the water peanut tender leaf, after about 4 days, the water peanut above-ground plant parts is rotten fully, after about 10 days, root is rotten fully in the water, and farm environment malignant weed water peanut preventive effect is reached more than 95%.
Preventing and kill off of embodiment 3 seedling phase water peanuts:
Owing to become the biomass of strain phase water peanut very big, cause body eutrophication after preventing and kill off easily, therefore prevent and kill off environmental protection more favourable in the seedling phase.In spring, in April, water peanut was emerged back 30 days in, and the water peanut plant about plant height 10cm is diluted 100 times with the microbial inoculum that this patent provided, to 10
5Individual spore/ml adds 2% Tween 80, between the lights, and according to every 10m
2The consumption of using 300mL is sprayed onto on the water peanut, after 1 day, occurs tangible brown necrotic plaque on the water peanut tender leaf, after about 3 days, the water peanut above-ground plant parts is rotten fully, after about 7 days, under ground portion also rots, and farm environment malignant weed water peanut preventive effect is reached more than 95%.
Embodiment 4 environmental safeties test: this biocontrol microorganisms is inoculated different crops and other plant respectively, observe the biological safety of this microbial inoculum after 5 days to different plants, the result is, inoculate after 5 days, except water peanut was killed fully, other plant material wheat, paddy rice, cotton, cucumber, radish, little green vegetables, lady's-grass, eleusine indica etc. were not all infected by this microbial inoculum.Fig. 4.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of bacterial strain of preventing and treating the malignant weed water peanut is characterized in that:
Bacterial strain WNJ01 belongs to a kind of sickle-like bacteria, Fusarium spp., and pathogen does not have microconidia, and macroconidium 3-5 separates, and the spore size is 43.2 * 5.16 μ m, and terminal circle or sharp has tangible foot; Bacterium colony pink on PDA/PSA, growth rate are 0.475cm/d; 25 ℃, pH value are that 11 PSA medium is its suitableeest growth conditions, depositary institution: the common micro-organisms center C GMCC of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms, and preservation date: 2003/4/18, preserving number: CGMCC No.0922.
2, with the described a kind of prepared biocontrol fungicide of bacterial strain of preventing and treating the malignant weed water peanut of claim 1, be formulated by the following method:
The sickle-like bacteria bacterial strain WNJ01 that separates is transferred on the PDA flat board, in 25 ℃, dark, cultivate after 5 days, cut 20 of 1 * 1mm mycelia pieces along colony edge, transfer in the PDA liquid nutrient medium, the 80rpm shaken cultivation is after 10 days in 25 ℃, dark, measure conidial concentration in the culture fluid, spore concentration is adjusted to 10
7Individual spore/ml, standby with preservation under the room temperature, be prepared biocontrol fungicide.
3, the described a kind of application method of preventing and treating the prepared biocontrol fungicide of bacterial strain of malignant weed water peanut of claim 2 comprises with 100 times of microbial inoculum dilutions, to 10
5Individual spore/ml adds volume ratio and is 2% Tween 80, when humidity ratio is big between the lights, with bacterium liquid according to every 10m
2The consumption of using 300mL is sprayed onto on the water peanut.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03146132 CN1214726C (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2003-07-24 | Strain and fungus agent for preventingand controlling malignant weed alternathera philoxeroides |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 03146132 CN1214726C (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2003-07-24 | Strain and fungus agent for preventingand controlling malignant weed alternathera philoxeroides |
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| CN1214726C true CN1214726C (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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| CN 03146132 Expired - Fee Related CN1214726C (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2003-07-24 | Strain and fungus agent for preventingand controlling malignant weed alternathera philoxeroides |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100587058C (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2010-02-03 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Nimbya alternantherae strain and its biological imitation preparation preparing method and application |
| CN104237047A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-24 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for detecting toxicity of bactericide on bacteria of sigatoka disease of bananas |
| CN104250620B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-05-24 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Chlamydospore fusarium strain and application thereof |
| CN105360168A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-02 | 井冈山大学 | Method used for preventing alien weed Alternanthera philoxeroides with pathogenic fungus |
| CN110679404B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-02-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling terrestrial water peanuts by plant substitution control and natural enemy synergy |
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