CN113113774A - Broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna - Google Patents
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- CN113113774A CN113113774A CN202011411499.7A CN202011411499A CN113113774A CN 113113774 A CN113113774 A CN 113113774A CN 202011411499 A CN202011411499 A CN 202011411499A CN 113113774 A CN113113774 A CN 113113774A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0464—Annular ring patch
Abstract
The invention provides a broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna, which is used for solving the technical problems of narrow bandwidth and low aperture efficiency in the prior art and comprises a reflective array consisting of M multiplied by N reconfigurable reflective array units which are periodically arranged, a feed source fixed at the focus position of the reflective array and a main control circuit board; the reconfigurable reflective array unit comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate, wherein the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and have equal thickness; the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate is printed with a square radiation patch; the upper surface of the second medium substrate is printed with two square annular radiation patches; the upper surface of the third medium substrate is printed with a reflection floor of an etching choke ring, the lower surface of the third medium substrate is printed with a first rectangular microstrip line and a direct current bias line, a PIN diode is loaded in a rectangular gap which divides the first rectangular microstrip line into two parts by etching, and the square radiation patch and the two annular radiation patches are connected in parallel through a first metalized through hole and then connected in series with the PIN diode and the direct current bias line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, relates to a reflective array antenna, and particularly relates to a broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna which can be used in the fields of deep space exploration, microwave remote control, radar imaging, long-distance wireless communication and the like.
Background
The reflective array antenna is composed of a space feed source and a reflective array which is periodically arranged. The working mechanism is as follows: the space feed source emits electromagnetic waves which reach the reflection array surface through different paths, the units at different aperture positions have different space phase delays, each reflection unit has the function of compensating the phase, and the required high-gain radiation characteristic is finally formed after the reflection of the reflection array surface; however, in order to meet the requirements of the modern communication system on the functionality, integration and timeliness of the antenna, especially in the next generation 5G communication system, the requirements on the bandwidth, high directivity, versatility and the like of the antenna system are greatly improved, and the beam scanning reflective array antenna provides a new idea for solving the problem.
The beam scanning reflective array antenna is a novel high-gain antenna, and has high gain, beam forming and beam scanning characteristics, so that the beam scanning reflective array antenna gradually becomes a substitute in various civil communication fields. Conventional high gain antennas typically employ parabolic antennas and phased array antennas. However, the parabolic antenna has a large volume, a heavy weight, poor concealment, and is difficult to process; the phased array has the defects of complex feed network and large loss. The beam scanning reflection array combines the characteristics of high gain, high directivity, beam scanning and the like of the parabolic antenna and the phased array antenna, and has the advantages of light weight, simplicity in processing, easiness in conformal with a carrier and easiness in integration with a microstrip circuit.
Although the beam scanning reflective array antenna combines the advantages of the traditional high-gain antenna, the beam scanning reflective array is composed of a microstrip antenna array and lumped elements, and the beam scanning reflective array has the greatest disadvantages of narrow working bandwidth and low aperture efficiency, so that the application range of the antenna is limited. The bandwidth of the beam scanning reflective array antenna is related to factors such as feed source characteristics, unit characteristics, array surface aperture size and the like. For a medium-small reflective array, the main influence factor of the reflective array bandwidth is the working bandwidth of the reflective array unit. The simple and effective method for increasing the bandwidth is a multi-resonance mode, a multi-layer stacking mode and the like. If a single-layer multi-resonance method is adopted, the arrangement of the unit phase shift structure and the lumped elements is not facilitated in the beam scanning reflective array antenna, and the processing difficulty is increased. The main factors influencing the aperture efficiency of the beam scanning reflective array antenna comprise unit loss, overflow efficiency and aperture shielding loss of a feed source, the overflow efficiency and the aperture shielding loss of the feed source are respectively improved by selecting the optimal field angle of the feed source and a larger array size, the unit loss mainly comprises dielectric substrate loss, the thickness of the dielectric substrate can influence the bandwidth of the reflective array unit, the effect can be better widened by increasing the thickness of the dielectric substrate, but the dielectric thickness is too large to cause obvious excitation of surface waves, and some high-order modes can be excited in the thickness direction, so that the radiation efficiency can be reduced, and the loss of the unit is increased.
For example, Jiaqi Han, Long Li, Guingyao Liu, ZHao Wu, and Yan Shi in IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, VOL.18, NO.6, JUNE 2019, journal published article "A Wireless 1bit 12X 12 Reconfigurable Beam-Scanning reflecting: Design, simulation, and Measurement" proposes a single-layer resonant Reconfigurable reflective array antenna. According to the antenna, the PIN diode is loaded in the slotted square radiation patch, the resonance characteristic of the reconfigurable reflection array unit is changed by controlling the on-off of the PIN diode, a phase difference of 180 +/-20 degrees is formed, and the phase bandwidth is 12%. Finally, experiments on the 12X 12 array verify that the maximum gain is 19.22dBi, the caliber efficiency is 15.26 percent, the 1-dB gain bandwidth is 8.4 percent, and two-dimensional +/-50-degree beam scanning can be realized. According to the result, the method has limited improvement space for bandwidth, the aperture efficiency of the corresponding reconfigurable reflective array antenna is low, and the use space of the antenna is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna which is used for solving the technical problems of narrow bandwidth and low aperture efficiency in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna comprises a reflective array 1 and a feed source 2 fixed at the focal position of the reflective array, wherein:
the reflection array 1 comprises M multiplied by N reconfigurable reflection array units 11 which are periodically arranged, wherein M is more than or equal to 2, and N is more than or equal to 2; the reconfigurable reflective array unit 11 comprises a first dielectric substrate 111, a second dielectric substrate 112 and a third dielectric substrate 113 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and have equal thickness; a square radiation patch 1111 is printed at the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 111; the central position of the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 112 is printed with two annular radiation patches 1121, each of the two annular radiation patches 1121 includes a square outer ring patch and a square inner ring patch which is embedded in the ring of the square outer ring patch and connected with the square outer ring patch through two microstrip lines, and the outer side length of the square outer ring patch is equal to the side length of the square radiation patch 1111; a reflecting floor 1131 is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 113, a first rectangular microstrip line 1132 and a direct current bias line 1133 are printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate, a choke ring is etched on the reflecting floor 1131, a rectangular slot which divides the first rectangular microstrip line 1132 into two parts is etched on the first rectangular microstrip line, a PIN diode 1134 is loaded on the rectangular slot, the direct current bias line 1133 comprises a quarter-wavelength microstrip line and a second microstrip line connected with the quarter-wavelength microstrip line, and a fan-shaped open stub line is connected on the quarter-wavelength microstrip line; the reconfigurable reflective array unit 11 is provided with two first metalized via holes penetrating through three dielectric substrates and connected with the square radiation patch 1111 and the two-side annular radiation patch 1121, wherein one first metalized via hole passes through the choke ring, the bottom end of the first metalized via hole is connected with one end of a first rectangular microstrip line 1132, the bottom end of the other first metalized via hole is connected with the free end of a quarter-wavelength microstrip line, and the reflective floor 1131 is connected with the other end of the first rectangular microstrip line 1132 through a second metalized via hole penetrating through a third dielectric substrate 113;
the free end of the second microstrip line printed on the lower surface of the mxn third dielectric substrates 113 is connected to the main control circuit board 3, and is used for realizing the 1-bit phase control characteristic of the reconfigurable reflective array unit 11 by controlling the on-off of the PIN diode 1134, and further realizing the beam scanning characteristic of the reflective array antenna.
In the broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna, the centers of the square radiation patch 1111 and the two annular radiation patches 1121 are located on a central normal line of the reconfigurable reflective array unit 11, and two diagonal lines of the two annular radiation patches 1121 are located at projection positions of the two diagonal lines of the square radiation patch 1111.
In the broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna, the ratio of the outer side length to the inner side length of the square outer ring patch of the two-side annular radiation patch 1121 is equal to the ratio of the outer side length to the inner side length of the square inner ring patch.
Above-mentioned broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna, main control circuit board 3 is including the main control chip, digital logic chip and the LED display module who connects gradually.
In the broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna, the free end of the second microstrip line printed on the lower surface of the mxn third dielectric substrates 113 is connected to the main control circuit board 3 through the pin header.
In the broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna, the feed source 2 adopts a pyramid horn antenna structure.
In the broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna, the quarter-wavelength microstrip line is perpendicular to the second microstrip line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are sequentially stacked up and down, the square radiation patch printed at the center position of the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate is equal to the outer edge length of the square outer ring patch in the two annular radiation patches printed at the center position of the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate, and the square radiation patch and the two annular radiation patches form two similar high-frequency and low-frequency resonance points, so that the defect of narrow bandwidth caused by the small number of resonance points in the prior art is avoided, and compared with the prior art, the working bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded.
2. According to the invention, the broadband characteristic is realized by two similar high-frequency and low-frequency resonance point modes formed by the square radiation patches and the two annular radiation patches printed on the two dielectric substrates with the same thickness, so that the defect that the broadband characteristic is realized by increasing the thickness of the dielectric plate in the prior art is avoided, the dielectric loss is reduced, and compared with the prior art, the aperture efficiency of the antenna is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reconfigurable reflective array unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a third dielectric substrate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a reflection coefficient simulation result of a reconfigurable reflective array unit in the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a simulation result of the reflection coefficient of the reconfigurable reflective array unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a simulation of beam scanning results for an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of the gain results of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention includes a reflection array 1, a feed source 2 fixed at a focal position thereof, and a main control circuit board 3.
The reflection array 1 is a square array with the side length of 190mm, and comprises M × N reconfigurable reflection array units 11 which are periodically arranged, wherein M is more than or equal to 2, N is more than or equal to 2, and M is more than or equal to 20 in the embodiment; the reconfigurable reflective array unit 11 has a structure as shown in fig. 2, and includes a first dielectric substrate 111, a second dielectric substrate 112, and a third dielectric substrate 113, which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and have equal thicknesses; the three layers of dielectric substrates are made of F4B materials with the dielectric constant of 2.65, the three layers of dielectric substrates are square with the side length equal to 9.5mm, and the thickness is 1mm,1mm and 0.5mm respectively. By stacking the first dielectric substrate 111 and the second dielectric substrate together, the problem of loss increase of the dielectric substrate caused by increasing the thickness of a single dielectric substrate to expand the bandwidth is avoided, and the aperture efficiency of the beam scanning reflective array antenna is improved.
A square radiation patch 1111 is printed at the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 111, and the side length is 4.42 mm.
The central position of the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 112 is printed with two annular radiation patches 1121, each of the two annular radiation patches 1121 comprises a square outer ring patch and a square inner ring patch which is embedded in the ring of the square outer ring patch and connected with the square outer ring patch through two microstrip lines, in order to form two close resonance points through the square radiation patch 1111 and the two annular radiation patches 1121 to expand the bandwidth, the side length of the square outer ring patch is equal to the side length of the square radiation patch and is 4.42mm, the side length ratio of the square inner ring patch to the square outer ring patch is 0.28, the ratio of the inner edge length to the outer edge length of the square inner ring patch is equal to the ratio of the inner edge length to the outer edge length of the square outer ring patch and is 0.4; in order to avoid forming a third resonance point and reduce the influence of the microstrip line on the radiation of the unit, two microstrip lines connecting the two annular radiation patches are vertically arranged, and the microstrip lines are 0.52mm long and 0.2mm wide; the centers of the square radiation patch 1111 and the two annular radiation patches 1121 are located on the central normal of the reconfigurable reflective array unit 11, and the two diagonal lines of the two annular radiation patches 1121 are located at the projection positions of the two diagonal lines of the square radiation patch 1111.
The third dielectric substrate 113 has a structure as shown in fig. 3, a reflective floor 1131 is printed on an upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 113, a first rectangular microstrip line 1132 and a dc bias line 1133 are printed on a lower surface of the third dielectric substrate 113, a choke ring is etched on the reflective floor 1131, used for isolating radio frequency signals, the choke ring has corresponding dimensions of 0.35mm inner diameter and 1.25mm outer diameter, the first rectangular microstrip line 1132 is etched with a rectangular slot dividing it into two parts, the rectangular slot has a length of 0.36mm and a width of 0.2mm, the rectangular slot is loaded with a PIN diode 1134, the DC bias line 1133 comprises a quarter-wavelength microstrip line and a second microstrip line connected with the quarter-wavelength microstrip line, the line width of the quarter-wavelength microstrip line is 0.2mm, the quarter-wavelength microstrip line is connected with a fan-shaped open stub with the radius of 2mm, the microstrip line is used for reducing the physical size of the quarter-wavelength microstrip line and simultaneously isolating a radio frequency signal from entering a direct current circuit; in order to prevent the second microstrip line from influencing the radiation performance of the unit, the second microstrip line is vertically connected with the quarter-wavelength microstrip line; the reconfigurable reflection array unit 11 is provided with two first metalized via holes which penetrate through three dielectric substrates and are connected with the square radiation patches 1111 and the two annular radiation patches 1121, the radius of each first metalized via hole is 0.15mm, one first metalized via hole penetrates through the choke ring, the bottom end of the first metalized via hole is connected with one end of the first rectangular microstrip line 1132, the bottom end of the other first metalized via hole is connected with the free end of the quarter-wavelength microstrip line, and the other end of the reflection floor 1131 and the other end of the first rectangular microstrip line 1132 are connected through a second metalized via hole which penetrates through the third dielectric substrate 113.
The horn feed source 2 adopts a standard pyramid horn of 12-18GHz, and the equivalent phase center of the horn feed source is positioned on the central normal of the reflection array surface. In this embodiment, the distance from the standard horn to the front surface is 178.6mm, and the corresponding focal length ratio is 0.94.
The main control circuit board 3 is located on the back of the reflective array, is connected with the free end of the second microstrip line printed on the lower surface of the mxn third dielectric substrates 113, and is mainly used for controlling the PIN diode of each unit through coding, so as to realize the beam scanning function.
The working principle of the invention is that the beam scanning reflective array antenna expands the bandwidth by forming two similar resonance points by the square radiation patch 1111 and the two annular radiation patches 1121 with the same size, and simultaneously, the first dielectric substrate 111 and the second dielectric substrate 112 are stacked together, so that the broadband characteristic is realized by the two similar resonance points of high frequency and low frequency formed by the square radiation patch and the two annular radiation patches, the problem of loss increase of the dielectric substrate caused by increasing the thickness of a single dielectric substrate to expand the bandwidth is avoided, and the aperture efficiency of the beam scanning reflective array antenna is improved. The square radiation patch and the two annular radiation patches are stacked in parallel through a first metalized through hole and then connected in series with the PIN diode 1134, the conducting and stopping states of the PIN diode 1134 are controlled by the main control circuit board 3 connected to the direct current bias circuit, when the two states are switched, the lengths of microstrip lines for surface current transmission induced by the square radiation patch and the two annular radiation patches after the action of incident electromagnetic waves are different, the electrical parameters of the reconfigurable reflective array unit 11 are changed, the whole process is similar to a method for changing a delay line, and finally, a 180-degree phase difference of the two states of the reconfigurable reflective array unit 11 is formed. When y polarized spherical waves emitted by the feed source 2 reach the reflective array, due to different paths, units at different positions have different phase delays, and through corresponding phases, the units are discretely coded, the states of PIN diodes corresponding to 20 × 20 reconfigurable reflective array units are changed, a required radiation directional diagram is finally formed, and meanwhile, a beam scanning function can be realized.
The technical effects of the invention are further explained by combining simulation experiments as follows:
1. simulation conditions and contents:
the simulation uses the existing commonly used commercial simulation software HFSS _18.0, the PIN diode 1134 is equivalently modeled by a lumped element, and when the diode is in a conducting state, an equivalent circuit is a resistor of 5.2 omega; in the off state, the equivalent circuit is a capacitance of 25 fF.
1.1 simulation is performed on the reflection coefficient of the Reconfigurable reflective array unit in the existing "a Wideband 1bit 12 × 12 Reconfigurable Beam-Scanning reflective: Design, noise, and Measurement", the reflection amplitude result is shown in fig. 4(a), and the reflection phase result is shown in fig. 4 (b).
1.2, the reflection coefficient of the reconfigurable reflective array unit in the embodiment of the invention is simulated, the reflection amplitude result is shown in fig. 5(a), and the reflection phase result is shown in fig. 5 (b).
1.3 the beam scanning performance of the 20 × 20 broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is simulated, and the result is shown in fig. 6.
1.4 the gain of the 20 × 20 broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is simulated, and the result is shown in fig. 7.
2. Analysis of simulation results
Referring to fig. 4, the ON state is turning ON the PIN diode and the OFF state is turning OFF the PIN diode; the simulation result can show that in the frequency band of 4.7-5.3GHz, the phase difference of the two states is kept in the range of 180 +/-20 degrees, the phase bandwidth is 12 percent, and the reflection amplitude of the two states is less than 0.9 dB.
Referring to fig. 5, in the figure, state 1 is a conducting PIN diode, and state 2 is a blocking PIN diode; the simulation result can obtain that the reflection amplitudes of the two states are respectively less than 0.45dB and 0.65dB in the working frequency band, and compared with the simulation result in fig. 4(a), the reflection loss is obviously reduced; in a frequency band of 12.88-16.55GHz, the phase difference of the two states is kept within the range of 180 +/-20 degrees, and the phase bandwidth is 24.5 percent; comparing the reflection phase result diagram of the reconfigurable reflection array unit in the prior art in fig. 4(b), it shows that the phase bandwidth of the reconfigurable reflection array unit in the present invention has a significant broadening.
Referring to fig. 6, it can be seen from the simulation result chart that, at 15GHz, the 20 × 20 broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna can implement two-dimensional ± 66 ° beam scanning, and has good beam scanning performance.
Referring to fig. 7, from the simulation result graph, in the operating frequency band, the maximum gain of the 20 × 20 broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna is 24.31dB, the aperture efficiency is 23.8%, the 1-dB gain bandwidth is 28.4%, and the 3-dB gain bandwidth is 36.7%, which indicates that the beam scanning reflective array antenna in the present invention has a wider gain bandwidth and a higher aperture efficiency.
The simulation results show that the antenna provided by the invention improves the aperture efficiency of the antenna on the premise of expanding the bandwidth.
The above description is only an example of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the principle and structure of the present invention after understanding the present invention, but those modifications and changes based on the idea of the present invention are still within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A broadband beam scanning reflectarray antenna comprising a reflectarray (1) and a feed (2) fixed at its focal point, wherein:
the reflection array (1) comprises M multiplied by N reconfigurable reflection array units (11) which are periodically arranged, wherein M is more than or equal to 2, and N is more than or equal to 2; the reconfigurable reflective array unit (11) comprises a first dielectric substrate (111), a second dielectric substrate (112) and a third dielectric substrate (113), wherein the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and have equal thicknesses; a square radiation patch (1111) is printed at the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate (111); the central position of the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate (112) is printed with two annular radiation patches (1121), the two annular radiation patches (1121) comprise a square outer ring patch and a square inner ring patch which is embedded in the ring of the square outer ring patch and connected with the square outer ring patch through two microstrip lines, and the outer side length of the square outer ring patch is equal to the side length of the square radiation patch (1111); the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate (113) is printed with a reflection floor (1131), the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate is printed with a first rectangular microstrip line (1132) and a direct current bias line (1133), a choke ring is etched on the reflection floor (1131), a rectangular slot which divides the first rectangular microstrip line (1132) into two parts is etched on the first rectangular microstrip line, a PIN diode (1134) is loaded on the rectangular slot, the direct current bias line (1133) comprises a quarter-wavelength microstrip line and a second microstrip line connected with the quarter-wavelength microstrip line, and a fan-shaped open stub line is connected on the quarter-wavelength microstrip line; the reconfigurable reflection array unit (11) is provided with two first metalized via holes which penetrate through three dielectric substrates and are connected with the square radiation patch (1111) and the two annular radiation patches (1121), wherein one first metalized via hole penetrates through the choke ring, the bottom end of the first metalized via hole is connected with one end of a first rectangular microstrip line (1132), the bottom end of the other first metalized via hole is connected with the free end of a quarter-wavelength microstrip line, and the reflection floor (1131) is connected with the other end of the first rectangular microstrip line (1132) through a second metalized via hole which penetrates through a third dielectric substrate (113);
the free end of a second microstrip line printed on the lower surface of the MxN third dielectric substrates (113) is connected with a main control circuit board (3) and used for realizing the 1bit phase control characteristic of the reconfigurable reflective array unit (11) by controlling the on-off of the PIN diode (1134), and further realizing the beam scanning characteristic of the reflective array antenna.
2. The array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the centers of the square radiation patch (1111) and the two circular radiation patches (1121) are located on the normal of the center of the reconfigurable reflective array unit (11), and the two diagonal lines of the two circular radiation patches (1121) are located at the projection positions of the two diagonal lines of the square radiation patch (1111).
3. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the outer side length to the inner side length of the square outer ring patch of the two-sided ring radiating patches (1121) is equal to the ratio of the outer side length to the inner side length of the square inner ring patch.
4. The broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the main control circuit board (3) comprises a main control chip, a digital logic chip and an LED display module which are connected in sequence.
5. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the free ends of the second microstrip lines printed on the lower surfaces of the M × N third dielectric substrates (113) are connected to the main control circuit board (3) through pins.
6. A broadband beam scanning reflectarray antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed (2) is a pyramidal horn antenna structure.
7. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the quarter-wave microstrip is perpendicular to the second microstrip.
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| CN115051150B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-04-16 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Broadband reconfigurable reflective super-surface antenna |
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| CN116721608B (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2024-03-08 | 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 | Reflection surface assembly, display panel and wireless communication device |
| CN117353047A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-01-05 | 广州程星通信科技有限公司 | Broadband wide-angle scanning phased array antenna unit and array thereof |
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