CN110718752B - Ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on transceiving structure form - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on transceiving structure form Download PDFInfo
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- CN110718752B CN110718752B CN201911270077.XA CN201911270077A CN110718752B CN 110718752 B CN110718752 B CN 110718752B CN 201911270077 A CN201911270077 A CN 201911270077A CN 110718752 B CN110718752 B CN 110718752B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/443—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element varying the phase velocity along a leaky transmission line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on a transceiving structure form, and belongs to the technical field of radar technology and wireless communication. The invention combines the basic principle of the ultra-wideband strong coupling phased array antenna unit with the lens antenna unit based on the transceiving structure form, and designs the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna unit. The lens antenna unit can remarkably increase the working bandwidth of the traditional lens antenna unit, and the micro-strip phase-shifting line for realizing phase compensation can well compensate the space phase delay from the feed source antenna to different positions on the lens array surface under different frequencies, so that the working bandwidth of the provided ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional lens. In addition, the lens antenna also has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly, light weight and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar and wireless communication, and particularly relates to an ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna.
Background
In recent years, due to the wide application prospect of the high-gain ultra-wideband antenna in the aspects of multifunctional radio frequency systems, high-resolution radars, radio astronomy, electronic warfare systems and the like, the high-gain ultra-wideband antenna has attracted attention in the field of wireless communication. Various forms of ultra-wideband phased arrays have been developed, such as planar ultra-wideband modular antennas, strongly coupled phased arrays, Vivaldi antenna arrays, and the like. However, although the phased array antenna has flexible beam scanning capability, it is not suitable for the occasion that high gain radiation performance is required, and the large number of T/R components causes a sharp rise in the cost of the whole system. The lens antenna is a space feed high-gain antenna, combines the characteristics of an optical lens and the comprehensive theory of an antenna array, and has the advantages of no feed source shielding, low profile, low manufacturing cost, high gain, high radiation efficiency and the like. The basic principle is to convert spherical waves radiated by a feed source placed at a focus into plane waves, focus beams to realize high gain, or optimize the distribution of unit amplitude phases on the aperture surface of a lens to realize beam scanning or beam forming. However, despite the simple principle of lens antennas and the advantages mentioned above, their inherent narrow-band properties limit their application in the field of ultra-wideband communications. The reason for the narrow operating bandwidth of the lens antenna is mainly two reasons: firstly, the working bandwidth of the lens antenna unit on the lens surface is narrow; and secondly, different spatial phase delays caused by different spatial paths from the feed source to the lens antenna units on the lens aperture plane. Therefore, extending the bandwidth of a conventional lens antenna needs to solve both of the above-mentioned problems.
In general, the design methods of the lens antenna unit can be classified into three types: the structure comprises a multilayer frequency selective surface, metamaterials based on conversion optics and a unit structure based on a transceiving structure form. The frequency selective surface mainly changes transmission amplitude and transmission phase by changing the size of each layer structure, often needs a multilayer structure to cover at least one 360-degree phase shift range, and the bandwidth realized by the lens antenna unit based on the frequency selective surface is limited, and the requirement of ultra-wideband is difficult to meet. Metamaterials are a class of subwavelength structures with special electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability, and one of the most typical applications of the metamaterials is an electromagnetic cloak designed by the team d.r. Smith at duke university and based on a subwavelength open-ended resonant ring structure. The lens antenna unit based on the transceiving structure mode has a visual working principle, namely, one half of the unit is used as a receiving antenna and is irradiated by spherical waves from a feed source antenna, the other half of the unit is used as a transmitting antenna and radiates energy received by the receiving antenna again, the two antennas are connected through a phase shifting structure, specific phase shifting is introduced, and conversion from the spherical waves to plane waves is achieved. The bandwidth of the lens antenna unit based on the form is limited by the working bandwidth of the transceiving antenna and the phase shifting structure, in other words, if the transceiving antenna and the phase shifting structure are ultra-wideband, the lens array composed of the lens antenna unit can be ultra-wideband.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the two reasons which cause the bandwidth of the lens antenna to be too narrow, the ultra-wide band strong coupling phased array antenna unit is applied to the lens antenna unit based on the transceiving structure form, and the ultra-wide band strong coupling lens antenna unit is provided for solving the narrow-band defect of the lens antenna, so that the ultra-wide band strong coupling lens antenna is designed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on a transceiving structure form is adopted, and can be seen as comprising two parts: the feed source antenna is placed at the focus, and other ultra-wide band antennas can be selected as the feed source antenna, such as an ultra-wide band phased array antenna, a Vivaldi antenna, a dielectric rod antenna, a logarithmic period antenna and the like; secondly, the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens array surface comprises a plurality of ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna units, and the whole structure is in mirror symmetry; the structure of one half of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna unit is as follows from top to bottom: the antenna comprises a vertical frequency selection surface used for wide-angle impedance matching, a strong coupling dipole patch used as a radiation antenna, a parallel plate patch used for enhancing capacitive coupling of the tail end of the dipole patch, a microstrip Marchand balun used for feeding the dipole patch, a short-circuit probe used for removing in-band common mode resonance, a metal through hole used for communicating the lower end of the short-circuit probe with the microstrip Marchand balun floor, a microstrip phase-shifting line used for realizing phase shifting, and a microstrip line floor, so that the aim of the invention is fulfilled.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on a transceiving structural form, the lens antenna comprising: a lens array and a feed antenna positioned at a focal point of the lens array, the lens array comprising: the antenna comprises a metal floor and a plurality of lens antenna units distributed on the metal floor in an array mode, wherein the lens antenna units are of rectangular plate-shaped structures and are vertically inserted into the metal floor, and the upper half parts and the lower half parts of the lens antenna units are symmetrical relative to the metal floor;
the upper half structure of the lens antenna unit comprises: medium base plate, frequency selective surface, dipole paster, parallel plate paster, short circuit probe, microstrip type Marchand balun, metal via hole, microstrip phase-shifting line, microstrip line floor, microstrip type Marchand balun includes: a front side and a back side;
wherein the front of medium base plate sets gradually from top to bottom: the device comprises a frequency selection surface, a parallel plate patch, a short-circuit probe, a microstrip Marchand balun front surface and a microstrip phase-shifting line; the adjacent lens antenna units share the parallel plate patch and the short circuit probe, so that the parallel plate patch and the short circuit probe in the same lens antenna unit respectively comprise two parts which are respectively positioned at the left edge and the right edge of the front surface of the dielectric substrate, each part comprises half of the parallel plate patch and half of the short circuit probe, the other half of the parallel plate patch and half of the short circuit probe are positioned in the adjacent lens antenna units, and the top ends of the short circuit probes are connected with the parallel plate patches; the front surface of the microstrip Marchand balun is of a square structure with an opening and is positioned between two short-circuit probes in the lens antenna unit, and one end of the opening of the front surface of the microstrip Marchand balun is connected with a microstrip phase-shifting line;
the back of medium base plate sets gradually from top to bottom: the antenna comprises a frequency selection surface, a dipole patch, a microstrip Marchand balun back surface and a microstrip line floor; the adjacent lens antenna units share the dipole patch, so that the dipole patch in the same lens antenna unit comprises two parts which are respectively positioned at the left edge and the right edge of the back of the dielectric substrate, each part comprises a half dipole patch, and the other half dipole patch is positioned in the adjacent lens antenna unit; the back of the microstrip Marchand balun is in a shape of a square with an opening, the opening faces upwards and corresponds to a gap between the left dipole patch and the right dipole patch in the same lens antenna unit, and two ends of the opening in the back of the microstrip Marchand balun are respectively connected with the left dipole patch and the right dipole patch in the same lens antenna unit; the bottom of the back of the microstrip Marchand balun is connected with a microstrip line floor;
the frequency selection surface on the front side of the dielectric substrate is a mirror image of the frequency selection surface on the back side of the dielectric substrate, and the parallel plate patch positioned on the front side of the dielectric substrate is arranged corresponding to the dipole patch positioned on the back side of the dielectric substrate; the metal via hole is positioned at the bottom end of the short-circuit probe and penetrates through the dielectric substrate to be connected with the short-circuit probe and the microstrip line floor;
the lower half structure and the upper half structure of the lens antenna unit are completely the same; the microstrip line floor of the upper half part and the microstrip line floor of the lower half part of the lens antenna unit are connected into a whole microstrip line floor, the microstrip phase shift line of the upper half part and the microstrip phase shift line of the lower half part of the lens antenna unit are connected into a complete microstrip phase shift line, and the complete microstrip phase shift line is in a square wave shape;
the microstrip line floor is connected with the metal floor, and the front surface of the dielectric substrate is not contacted with the metal floor.
Furthermore, the length of each section of the broken line of the square wave microstrip line in the complete microstrip phase shift line changes along with the position of the lens antenna unit on the lens array surface, so as to compensate the spatial phase difference from the feed source antenna to different positions on the lens array surface.
Furthermore, the frequency selective surface is three rectangular strip-shaped metal patches arranged from top to bottom.
Further, the feed source antenna is a horn antenna, an ultra wide band phased array antenna, a Vivaldi antenna or a log periodic antenna.
Furthermore, the array is distributed in a plurality of lens antenna units on the metal floor, and the lens antenna units in the same row share the same microstrip line floor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the basic principle of the ultra-wideband strong coupling phased array antenna unit is combined with a lens antenna unit based on a transceiving structure form, and the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna unit is designed. The unit can remarkably increase the working bandwidth of the traditional lens antenna unit, and the micro-strip phase-shifting line for realizing phase compensation can well compensate the spatial phase delay from the feed source antenna to different positions on the lens array surface under different frequencies, so that the working bandwidth of the proposed ultra-wide band strong coupling lens antenna is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional lens; in addition, the lens antenna also has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly, light weight and low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frequency selective surface structure of an ultra-wideband strongly-coupled lens antenna based on a transceiving structure form according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a horn antenna.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens antenna unit in the ultra-wideband strongly-coupled lens antenna based on a transceiving structure form according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a lens antenna unit in the ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on a transceiving structure form according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a back view of a lens antenna unit in the ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on a transceiving structure form according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of transmission amplitude and transmission phase of a lens antenna unit in the ultra-wideband strongly-coupled lens antenna based on a transceiving structure form according to the present invention, which vary with the total length of a microstrip phase-shifting line, at six typical frequencies, which are 5GHz, 7GHz, 9GHz, 11GHz, 13GHz, and 15 GHz.
Fig. 7 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the E-plane and the H-plane when the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on the transceiving structure of the invention operates at 5 GHz.
Fig. 8 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the E-plane and the H-plane when the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on the transceiving structure of the invention operates at 7 GHz.
Fig. 9 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the E-plane and the H-plane when the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on the transceiving structure of the present invention operates at 9 GHz.
Fig. 10 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the E-plane and the H-plane when the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on the transceiving structure of the present invention operates at 11 GHz.
Fig. 11 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the E-plane and the H-plane when the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on the transceiving structure of the present invention operates at 13 GHz.
Fig. 12 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the E-plane and the H-plane when the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on the transceiving structure of the present invention operates at 15 GHz.
Fig. 13 is a graph of the peak gain of the ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on the transceiving structure form according to the invention as a function of frequency.
In the figure: 101 is a horn antenna, 102 is a dielectric substrate, 103 is a frequency selection surface, 104 is a dipole patch, 105 is a parallel plate patch, 106 is a short-circuit probe, 107 is a microstrip type Marchand balun, 108 is a metal via hole, 109 is a microstrip phasing line, 110 is a metal floor, and 111 is a microstrip line floor.
Detailed Description
The technical mode of the invention is an ultra wide band strong coupling lens antenna based on a receiving and transmitting structure form, which comprises: a super-broadband strongly coupled lens array and a feed antenna placed at the focal point of the lens array, as shown in fig. 1, the lens array comprising: the metal floor and the lens antenna units distributed on the metal floor in an array manner are of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, as shown in fig. 3, the lens antenna units are vertically inserted on the metal floor, and the upper half parts and the lower half parts of the lens antenna units are symmetrical relative to the metal floor; the upper half structure of the lens antenna unit comprises: the device comprises a dielectric substrate, a frequency selection surface, a dipole patch, a parallel plate patch, a short-circuit probe, a microstrip Marchand balun, a metal via hole, a microstrip phase-shifting line and a microstrip line floor; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the microstrip type Marchand balun includes a front surface and a back surface, the front surface is a feeder of the microstrip type Marchand balun, and the back surface is a floor of the microstrip type Marchand balun; the frequency selective surface is positioned at the uppermost part of the dielectric substrate and is printed on two sides of the dielectric substrate, and the dipole patches are positioned below the frequency selective surface and are printed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate; the parallel plate patch is printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate; the upper end of the short circuit probe is connected with the parallel plate patch and is printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate; the floor of the microstrip Marchand balun is connected with the dipole patch and printed on the back of the dielectric substrate; the metal through hole is used for communicating the lower end of the short-circuit probe with the microstrip line floor and printing the lower end of the short-circuit probe on the back of the dielectric substrate; the metal floor is perpendicular to the medium substrate and is not in contact with the front surface of the medium substrate; the lower half structure of the lens antenna unit is completely the same as the upper half structure; the frequency selection surface plays a role of a wide-angle impedance matching layer, provides parallel capacitance to partially offset an inductance effect caused by loading of a metal floor, expands the working bandwidth of the dipole patch and enhances the scanning performance of the dipole patch; the parallel plate patch is used for enhancing the capacitive coupling at the tail end of the dipole, further reducing the cut-off frequency of low frequency and expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna; the upper end of the short-circuit probe is connected with the parallel plate patch, and the lower end of the short-circuit probe is communicated with the microstrip line floor through a metal through hole so as to shift the common mode resonance in the working bandwidth out of the high frequency band; the floor of the microstrip Marchand balun is used for feeding the dipole patch; the microstrip phase-shifting line connects the feed lines of the microstrip Marchand balun at the upper part and the lower part of the lens antenna unit, so that electromagnetic energy is transferred from the receiving antenna to the transmitting antenna; the length of the square wave-shaped broken line in the microstrip phase shift line is changed along with the position of the lens antenna unit on the lens array surface, so as to compensate the space phase difference from the feed source antenna to different positions on the lens array surface; the metal floor is used as a floor shared by the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna and cannot be in contact with the microstrip phase-shifting line so as to avoid short circuit and block the transmission of electromagnetic energy.
The first embodiment is as follows:
lens in this embodimentThe antenna aperture surface is square, comprises 21 × 21 lens antenna units, and corresponds to 189 × 189 mm2The focal length of the lens antenna is 95mm, and the horn antenna shown in fig. 2 is used as a feed antenna. The size of the lens antenna unit is 9 multiplied by 28 mm3Corresponding to 0.48 × 0.48 × 1.493 λ1 3Wherein λ is1Free space wavelength at 16 GHz; the thickness of the medium substrate is 0.254 mm; the line width of the microstrip phase shifting line is 0.25 mm; the diameter of the metal via hole is 0.4 mm; the thickness of the metal floor is 1.5 mm.
In one embodiment, the working frequency band is 4.5 to 16.2 GHz. As shown in fig. 6, a graph of transmission amplitude and transmission phase of the designed ultra-wideband strongly-coupled lens antenna unit with six typical frequencies, namely 5GHz, 7GHz, 9GHz, 11GHz, 13GHz and 15GHz, is plotted as a function of the total length of the microstrip phase-shifting line. The total length of the microstrip phase shift line varies from 13.5 mm to 69.5 mm. It is clear that at six typical frequencies, the transmission loss is within 1.8 dB, which is a significant improvement over the conventional frequency selective surface based lens antenna elements. In addition, transmission phase curves under different frequencies are linearly changed along with the change of the total length of the microstrip phase shifting line, and the ultra-wideband phase shifting characteristic of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna unit is shown, so that the spatial phase difference from the feed source antenna to different positions on the lens array surface under different frequencies can be better compensated. In addition, a larger phase shift range can be obtained by increasing the microstrip phase shift line length.
Fig. 7 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna in the E-plane and the H-plane operating at 5GHz in the first embodiment. It can be seen that the E-plane and H-plane main beams have good symmetry about the center, the side lobe is less than-18 dB, and the cross polarization is less than-28 dB.
Example two:
in the second embodiment, the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna covers the working frequency band of 4-15 GHz and comprises 18 × 18 lens antenna units corresponding to 180 × 180 mm2The focal length of the lens antenna is 125mm, and a single-polarized log periodic antenna is used as a feed source antenna. The size of the lens antenna unit is 10 10 × 25 mm3Corresponding to 0.5X 1.25. lambda2 3Wherein λ is2At 15 GHz. The frequency selection surface of the lens antenna unit is a longitudinal strip; the thickness of the medium substrate is 0.508 mm; the line width of the microstrip phase shifting line is 0.6 mm; the diameter of the metal via hole is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the metal floor is 2 mm.
Fig. 8 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna in the second embodiment, which works at 7GHz in the E-plane and the H-plane. It can be seen that the widths of the main polarized wave beams of the E surface and the H surface are almost coincident, the side lobe is smaller than-16 dB, and the cross polarization is smaller than-31 dB.
Fig. 9 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna in the second embodiment, which works at 9GHz in the E-plane and the H-plane. It can be seen that the widths of the main polarized beams of the E surface and the H surface are almost coincident, the side lobe is smaller than-20 dB, and the cross polarization is smaller than-35 dB.
Example three:
in the third embodiment, the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna works in a frequency band of 10 to 15GHz and comprises 15 × 15 lens antenna units corresponding to 540 × 540 mm2The aperture area of the lens antenna is 375mm, and a 5 multiplied by 5 Vivaldi antenna array is adopted as a feed source antenna; the size of the lens antenna unit is 36 multiplied by 80 mm3Corresponding to 0.48X 1.067 lambda3 3Wherein λ is3At 15 GHz. The thickness of the medium substrate is 0.508 mm; the line width of the microstrip phase shifting line is 0.8 mm; the diameter of the metal via hole is 1 mm; the thickness of the metal floor is 5 mm.
Fig. 10 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna in the third embodiment, which works at 11GHz in the E-plane and the H-plane. It can be seen that the widths of the main polarized beams of the E surface and the H surface are almost coincident, the side lobe is smaller than-20 dB, and the cross polarization is smaller than-40 dB.
Fig. 11 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna in the third embodiment, which works at 13GHz in the E-plane and the H-plane. It can be seen that the widths of the main polarized beams of the E surface and the H surface are almost coincident, the side lobe is smaller than-20 dB, and the cross polarization is smaller than-40 dB.
Fig. 12 shows the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna in the third embodiment, which works at 15GHz in the E-plane and the H-plane. It can be seen that the widths of the main polarized beams of the E surface and the H surface are almost coincident, the side lobe is smaller than-24 dB, and the cross polarization is smaller than-36 dB.
Example four:
in the fourth embodiment, the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens array surface scale and the unit size are consistent with those of the third embodiment, and the 5 × 5 Vivaldi antenna array used as the feed antenna in the third embodiment is replaced by an 8 × 8 planar ultra-wideband strong coupling phased array.
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the peak gain of the ultra-wideband strongly-coupled lens antenna operating in the frequency band of 4.5-16.2 GHz as a function of frequency in the fourth embodiment.
In summary, the ultra-wideband strongly-coupled lens antenna unit of the present invention has good transmission performance over 3 frequency-doubled bandwidths. The ultra-wideband strong coupling lens array surface formed by the lens antenna units has stable radiation patterns under six typical frequencies, main polarization patterns of an E surface and an H surface are good in symmetry in the side-emitting direction, and side lobes and cross polarization are low. In addition, the peak gain is in accordance with the physical law of the aperture antenna along with the frequency change. Compared with the traditional lens antenna, the performance of the ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna is remarkably improved.
Claims (5)
1. An ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on a transceiving structural form, the lens antenna comprising: a lens array and a feed antenna positioned at a focal point of the lens array, the lens array comprising: metal floor and array distribute a plurality of lens antenna element on metal floor, its characterized in that: the lens antenna unit is of a rectangular plate-shaped structure and is vertically inserted on the metal floor, and the upper half part and the lower half part of the lens antenna unit are symmetrical relative to the metal floor;
the upper half structure of the lens antenna unit comprises: medium base plate, frequency selective surface, dipole paster, parallel plate paster, short circuit probe, microstrip type Marchand balun, metal via hole, microstrip phase-shifting line, microstrip line floor, microstrip type Marchand balun includes: a front side and a back side;
wherein the front of medium base plate sets gradually from top to bottom: the front surface of the dielectric substrate is also provided with a microstrip Marchand balun front surface; the adjacent lens antenna units share the parallel plate patch and the short circuit probe, so that the parallel plate patch and the short circuit probe in the same lens antenna unit respectively comprise two parts which are respectively positioned at the left edge and the right edge of the front surface of the dielectric substrate, each part comprises half of the parallel plate patch and half of the short circuit probe, the other half of the parallel plate patch and half of the short circuit probe are positioned in the adjacent lens antenna units, and the top ends of the short circuit probes are connected with the parallel plate patches; the front surface of the microstrip Marchand balun is of a square structure with an opening and is positioned between two short-circuit probes in the lens antenna unit, and one end of the opening of the front surface of the microstrip Marchand balun is connected with a microstrip phase-shifting line;
the back of medium base plate sets gradually from top to bottom: the antenna comprises a frequency selection surface, a dipole patch, a microstrip Marchand balun back surface and a microstrip line floor; the adjacent lens antenna units share the dipole patch, so that the dipole patch in the same lens antenna unit comprises two parts which are respectively positioned at the left edge and the right edge of the back of the dielectric substrate, each part comprises a half dipole patch, and the other half dipole patch is positioned in the adjacent lens antenna unit; the back of the microstrip Marchand balun is in a shape of a square with an opening, the opening faces upwards and corresponds to a gap between the left dipole patch and the right dipole patch in the same lens antenna unit, and two ends of the opening in the back of the microstrip Marchand balun are respectively connected with the left dipole patch and the right dipole patch in the same lens antenna unit; the bottom of the back of the microstrip Marchand balun is connected with a microstrip line floor;
the frequency selection surface on the front side of the dielectric substrate is a mirror image of the frequency selection surface on the back side of the dielectric substrate, and the parallel plate patch positioned on the front side of the dielectric substrate is arranged corresponding to the dipole patch positioned on the back side of the dielectric substrate; the metal via hole is positioned at the bottom end of the short-circuit probe and penetrates through the dielectric substrate to be connected with the short-circuit probe and the microstrip line floor;
the lower half structure and the upper half structure of the lens antenna unit are completely the same; the microstrip line floor of the upper half part and the microstrip line floor of the lower half part of the lens antenna unit are connected into a whole microstrip line floor, the microstrip phase shift line of the upper half part and the microstrip phase shift line of the lower half part of the lens antenna unit are connected into a complete microstrip phase shift line, and the complete microstrip phase shift line is in a square wave shape;
the microstrip line floor is connected with the metal floor, and the front surface of the dielectric substrate is not contacted with the metal floor.
2. The ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on the transceiving structural form as recited in claim 1, wherein the length of each segment of the meander line of the square microstrip line in the complete microstrip phasing line varies with the position of the lens antenna unit on the lens array surface, so as to compensate for the spatial phase difference from the feed antenna to different positions on the lens array surface.
3. The ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on the transceiving structural form of claim 1, wherein the frequency selective surface is three rectangular strip-shaped metal patches arranged from top to bottom.
4. The ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on a transceiving structure as recited in claim 1, wherein the feed antenna is a horn antenna, an ultra-wideband phased array antenna, a Vivaldi antenna or a log periodic antenna.
5. The ultra-wideband strongly coupled lens antenna based on the transceiving structural form of claim 1, wherein the array is distributed in a plurality of lens antenna units on a metal floor, and lens antenna units in the same row share the same microstrip line floor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911270077.XA CN110718752B (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on transceiving structure form |
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| CN201911270077.XA CN110718752B (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Ultra-wideband strong coupling lens antenna based on transceiving structure form |
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| CN110718752A CN110718752A (en) | 2020-01-21 |
| CN110718752B true CN110718752B (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| CN111326844B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-01-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Microwave and optical nanometer common-caliber integrated antenna structure |
| CN111490342B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-06-01 | 电子科技大学 | Ultra-wideband dual-polarized lens antenna based on Vivaldi antenna form |
| CN111600132B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2022-08-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-power mode conversion super lens antenna capable of realizing beam deflection |
| CN112952393B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2024-04-19 | 佛山蓝谱达科技有限公司 | Super-surface unit, lens and lens antenna using same |
| CN112953402A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-11 | 重庆邮电大学 | 5G millimeter wave Doherty power amplifier based on super surface |
| CN113258285A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-13 | 深圳市道通智能航空技术股份有限公司 | External three-frequency antenna of unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN114498001A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 华南理工大学 | Millimeter wave wide-angle scanning phased array antenna based on laminated super surface and communication equipment |
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