CN113090076B - Modular prefabricated integrated building construction system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Modular prefabricated integrated building construction system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/34336—Structures movable as a whole, e.g. mobile home structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
- E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
- E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
- E04B1/6125—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions on the one frontal surface co-operating with recesses in the other frontal surface
- E04B1/6137—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions on the one frontal surface co-operating with recesses in the other frontal surface the connection made by formlocking
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
- E04H2001/1283—Small buildings of the ISO containers type
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Abstract
A modular prefabricated integrated building construction system comprises a building base component (1), a side outer wall component (3), a corner outer wall component (4), a middle outer wall component (2), an inner wall component (6) and a roof component (5), wherein the components are connected in a combined mode through wooden dovetails to form an integral house; building structures, heat preservation and decoration materials and an outer protection structure are integrated in all the components, and meanwhile, electromechanical equipment used in the building and a pipeline system are integrated and preassembled. The modular prefabricated integrated building construction system is high in integration level and assembly rate, installation errors and errors are reduced, and the transportation mode is flexible; the construction method is simple, no wet operation is performed, and the construction period is short.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of buildings, and particularly relates to a modular prefabricated integrated building system and an installation method thereof.
Background
Nowadays, assembly type buildings are greatly developed in China at policy level and market level, but the existing assembly technology mainly takes standardization and assembly construction of a building main body as a main part, equipment and pipeline installation of a single building still depends on site construction, damage to the building main body is easily caused in the construction process, the building quality and the overall assembly rate are reduced, and high requirements of people on quick installation and simplification of constructors of standardized assembly type buildings cannot be met.
The existing modular container building can achieve the integration preassembly of building monomers and equipment pipelines in the factory processing process. For example, the utility model patent with publication number CN 211114102U (publication date is 28/7/2020), relates to a modular container building, which comprises a middle expansion module, a head equipment module, a toilet module, an equipment room module and a tail connection module, wherein each module is preassembled with a modular main structure, a heat insulation layer, an outer protection structure and a modular door and window. The head equipment module, the toilet module and the equipment room module are all pre-assembled in a factory to integrate fresh air equipment, lighting facilities, sanitary ware and the like. Each module forms an independent indoor space. During the field construction and installation process, the modules can be combined into buildings with different functions for use by connecting the modules.
The technical scheme has the following problems: the integrated module is limited by the basic size of the container building material, the length, the width and the height of the integrated module are fixed, the size of the module cannot be flexibly designed and adjusted, and the application range of the technology is limited. Meanwhile, the size of each module as a transportation and installation part is larger, the transportation efficiency is reduced, and the transportation cost is increased. The size of each module as building usage space is less, and the clear height of indoor space is low excessively, can't satisfy basic comfort level. The dead weight of box is great, and is higher to hoisting equipment's requirement in the construction installation process.
Some companies in the united states have prefabricated integrated building construction technologies, which can integrate some facilities and pipeline systems with the main structure of the building. The technical scheme comprises a modular wall integrated component, a modular roof integrated component and an integrated building base component. The modularized wall integrated component comprises a wall main body structure and an insulating layer; the modular roof integrated component comprises a roof main body structure, a heat insulation layer, a waterproof layer, lighting facilities and electric wires; the integrated building base component is a non-standardized module and comprises a base main body structure, a base datum plane material, a heat-insulating layer, a pre-installed wood floor and an internal water supply and drainage pipeline system. The modularization integrated component is lighter than the prefabricated building of box, changes transportation and installation. During the field construction, the building main body and part of facilities can be simply assembled by connecting and combining each wall component, each roof component and the building base component.
However, in the technical scheme, the wall structure main body and the heat insulation layer are only preassembled in a factory for the modular wall integrated component, and the outer protective structure, the electric system pipeline and the inner decorative surface can only be installed again on site, so that the workload and the working time of site construction are increased, and the efficiency of site operation is reduced. In addition, the modularized roof integrated component only contains lighting equipment, and relatively complex pipeline equipment systems such as a fresh air system, an air conditioning system and the like are not pre-installed and still need to be installed again on site.
Therefore, a modularized prefabricated integrated building system which is high in overall assembly rate, convenient to transport, simple in installation process, accurate in component positioning and low in construction difficulty is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the utilization rate and the transportation efficiency of building materials and components in the existing assembly type building structure are low, the building performance is reduced or hidden construction troubles are caused by human errors or mistakes, the overall assembly rate is low, the installation process is complex, the construction difficulty is high, the field construction and installation time is long, and the number of workers required for production, manufacturing, construction and installation is too large.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system comprises a building base component, an outer wall component, an inner wall component and a roof component. The exterior wall components comprise a side exterior wall component 3, a corner exterior wall component and a middle exterior wall component. The components are combined and connected through a connecting structure to form an integral house. Building structures, heat preservation and decoration materials and outer protective structures are integrated in the components, and meanwhile electromechanical equipment used in the building and a pipeline system are integrated and preassembled.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system of the present invention, the connection structure is a wooden dovetail comprising a head dovetail and a tail dovetail. The cross section of the tenon is isosceles trapezoid; the length of the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid of the tenon cross section is not changed, the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid is changed along with the height of the tenon, when the isosceles trapezoid is positioned at the top end of the tenon, the length of the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section is the largest, the cross section corresponding to the position is the largest section, and the length of the upper bottom does not exceed the thickness of a wooden frame structure layer of the building wall body part, so that the tenon is connected with the wooden frame structure of the building wall body part; when the building wall component is positioned at the bottom end of the tenon, the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section is the smallest, and the narrowest section of the cross section corresponding to the position of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section meets the size of the shearing force stress between the building wall component. The mortise formed by the tail tenon is matched with the shape of the head tenon.
Considering the expansion and contraction and deformation of the wood, the width of the strip seam between the head tenon and the tail tenon is preferably 0.1-1 mm.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, the manufacture of the head tenon and the tail tenon of the wooden dovetail tenon can be directly finished by cutting with the cutting die, and a wood block is cut into the head tenon and the tail tenon by using the cutting die cutter according to the joint position of the head tenon and the tail tenon. The head tenon and the tail tenon are respectively fixed on the adjacent wall body parts through fixing pieces, and the adjacent wall body parts are tightly combined through the combination and butt joint of the wooden dovetail tenons.
The end face of the cross section of the tenon where the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid is located is fixedly connected with the adjacent wall body part.
The dovetail joint is fixed on the wood frame structure layer of the adjacent wall body component, and the components can be tightly combined through the combination and butt joint of the wooden dovetail joints.
The thickness of the wood block is preferably 50-75 mm, the height is preferably 200-400 mm, and the width is the same as the width of the wood frame structure column of each wall part of the building.
The material of the wooden dovetail is preferably pine.
Compared with a dovetail joint combination with the same width on the upper part and the lower part of a section, the dovetail joint combination in the prior art has the advantages that the dovetail joint head tenon and the dovetail joint tenon are matched in the installation process, although the positions of two adjacent wall parts can be matched, in the matching process, the dovetail joint head tenon and the dovetail joint tenon can be fixed after the upper sides of the two parts are manually aligned, and the installation error is easy to occur. According to the wooden dovetail joint, the height of the upper bottom edge of the isosceles trapezoid in the cross section is changed, the upper bottom edge is wide and the lower bottom edge is narrow, so that the wooden dovetail joint can be aligned by relying on the gravity effect without manual alignment during installation. Therefore, on the basis of not complicating the processing difficulty, the wooden dovetail joint simplifies the installation process and improves the goodness of fit and accuracy.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, electromechanical equipment and a pipeline system used in a building are integrated and preassembled in the inner wall part, and the outer wall part does not comprise any equipment pipeline layer.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, the building base components comprise a concrete plate, a base wood frame structure, a base heat-insulating layer, a ground heating pipe, a base layer electric wire, an outdoor wood floor, an indoor ground reference surface, an indoor ground mounting sealing plate I and an indoor ground mounting sealing plate II. Wherein, the concrete slab comprises a first opening, a second opening and a third opening. The indoor ground reference plane comprises a hole four. The concrete slab is the bottommost layer, a base wood frame structure is arranged on the top layer of the concrete slab, and a base heat insulation layer and a ground heating pipe are respectively paved on a cavity part in the base wood frame structure. On the upper layer of the base wood frame structure, the part corresponding to the indoor space of the building is paved by an indoor ground reference surface, and the part corresponding to the outdoor space of the building is paved by an outdoor wood floor. The floor heating pipe is connected with an external water source through a second opening on the concrete slab, and water is discharged into an external pipeline after passing through a third opening. The base layer wires are connected to an external power source through the first opening and the fourth opening is used for connecting with an electrical system in the inner wall part. And in the process of factory preassembly of the building base components, the first indoor ground mounting seal plate and the second indoor ground mounting seal plate are not installed.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, the side outer wall component, the corner outer wall component and the middle outer wall component belong to outer wall components, and the main body structures of the side outer wall components, the corner outer wall components and the middle outer wall components are the same; the outer wall component sequentially comprises an inner wall surface layer, an inner side structure layer reference surface, a wall wood frame structure, a wall heat preservation layer I, an outer side structure layer reference surface, a wall heat preservation layer II and an outer wall surface layer from inside to outside.
In addition, doors and windows can be preassembled in the external wall components according to the design; the wall wood frame structure in the outer wall component needs to be designed, manufactured and installed and adjusted according to the size and the position of a window, and holes are formed in other surface layers of the outer wall component according to the size of the window.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, the overall sizes of the side outer wall component, the corner outer wall component and the middle outer wall component can be adjusted in module according to the design of specific building units. Each of the exterior wall components does not include any equipment pipeline layer.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, the inner wall surface layer, the inner side structure layer reference surface, the wall insulation layer I, the outer side structure layer reference surface, the wall insulation layer II and the outer wall surface layer of the side outer wall component are provided with the fifth holes together, and a drain pipe of air replacement equipment penetrates through the fifth holes in the installation process to drain water to the outer side of the building.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, the main body structure of the inner wall part comprises a wall wood frame structure, an inner wall structure layer datum plane and an inner wall surface layer. The interior wall structural layer reference surface sets up in timber structure both sides, and every interior wall structural layer reference surface all sets up interior wall surface course. The cavity part formed by the wood frame structure is used by an electric system, and the electric wire passes through the opening six at the bottom side of the wood frame structure, can be connected with the opening one of the building base component and then is communicated with an external power supply, and extends upwards through the opening seven of the wood frame structure of the inner wall component. Meanwhile, the cavity part comprises two junction boxes which are used for lighting after being connected with electric wires. Meanwhile, the first socket, the second socket and the lighting switch are mounted on the inner wall surface layers on the two sides, the first socket can supply power for the electric appliance in the house using process, and the second socket supplies power for the air replacement equipment.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, the side outer wall components, the corner outer wall components, the middle outer wall components and the inner wall components are connected through a plurality of groups of wooden dovetails. The wooden dovetail joint comprises a head tenon and a tail tenon, wherein the head tenon and the tail tenon are respectively aligned and preassembled on the columns of the wood frame structures of two adjacent wall body parts. Installing one side of the tenon, aligning the widths of the outer side structure layer datum plane, the wall insulation layer II and the outer wall surface layer of the wall component with the protruded side of the tenon, and aligning the inner wall surface layer and the inner side structure datum plane with the side surface of the column body of the wood frame structure; the width of each face layer is maintained aligned with the side of the column of the timber structure on the side of the installation of the tail tenon. At the position of preassembling the head tenon or the tail tenon, 3 head tenons or tail tenons are uniformly distributed from top to bottom so as to ensure that the components are uniformly stressed after being installed and can be stably connected. The types and numbers of dovetails included in the wall elements vary from building to building due to their location and order of installation.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, 3 tenons are uniformly distributed on two side columns of a side outer wall part wood frame structure from top to bottom respectively, and the total number of the tenons is 6; 3 tail tenons are pre-arranged on the part, vertically connected with the side outer wall component, of the corner outer wall component and are uniformly distributed from top to bottom, 3 head tenons or 3 tail tenons are uniformly distributed on one side of the wood frame structure column body from top to bottom, and the type of the mortise and tenon joints is selected according to the designed installation sequence; on the two side columns of the middle outer wall component wood frame structure, 3 head tenons are uniformly distributed on one side from top to bottom, 3 tail tenons are reversely distributed on the other side, and in the actual project, which side is the head tenon and which side is the tail tenon also need to be selected according to the designed installation sequence; installing 3 tail tenons on an inner wall surface layer of the middle outer wall component from top to bottom according to the designed position of the inner wall component; on the cylinder of the wooden frame structure both sides of interior wall part, from top to bottom evenly distributed 3 tenons.
According to the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, the roof components comprise a roof panel, an roof truss structure, a roof heat insulation layer, a roof eave, a suspended ceiling structure and a detachable suspended ceiling buckle plate. The suspended ceiling structure comprises a suspended ceiling transverse keel and a suspended ceiling vertical keel. An air conditioner indoor unit is pre-installed in a cavity in the suspended ceiling structure, and an air outlet of an air conditioner is also pre-installed in the suspended ceiling pinch plate. The air pipe, the electric wire and the drain pipe of the air conditioning unit are also pre-installed in the cavity of the suspended ceiling, the air pipe is wrapped with air pipe heat insulation materials and an air conditioner outdoor unit electric wire, the roof heat insulation layer and the roof panel are provided with eight openings, and the air pipe penetrates through the eight openings and is connected with the air conditioner outdoor unit arranged on the roof. And a power cord of the air conditioner penetrates through the ceiling cavity and is connected to a second socket on the inner wall part in the ceiling installation process. The lighting fixtures are also pre-installed in the ceiling, and the wires of the lighting system pass through the ceiling cavity, are connected to the junction box on the interior wall component during installation, and are communicated with the power supply and the lighting switch through the electrical system of the interior wall component.
The construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting a building base member on an outdoor terrace;
step two, installing an external wall component;
step three, installing an inner wall component;
and step four, installing the roof component.
The first step comprises the following steps:
a. building base components are erected on the outdoor terrace. At this time, the first indoor mounting seal plate and the second indoor mounting seal plate are not pre-installed on the building base component.
The second step comprises the following steps:
b. and installing a corner outer wall component by using hoisting equipment. The corner outer wall component is aligned with the building wall shown on the building base component and is manually installed through the lower part of the non-preassembled indoor installation sealing plate I. The wall wood frame structure of the corner exterior wall component is connected with the wood frame structure of the building base component through rivets.
c. And installing the corner outer wall component on the opposite side. The installation method is the same as the step b.
d. And installing a lateral outer wall component between the two corner outer wall components. First, 6 tenons of the side exterior wall members were each coated with an adhesive. The hoisting equipment inserts the side outer wall component from the outside inwards to the upper side of the position between the two corner outer walls, the distance between the side outer wall component and the ground is kept between 500 millimeters and 800 millimeters, the outer wall surface layer of the side outer wall component and the outer wall surface layer of the corner outer wall component are aligned, and 6 head tenons on two sides of the side outer wall component are aligned with 3 tail tenons of the two corner outer wall components respectively. After aligning the position, the hoisting equipment inserts the lateral outer wall part from top to bottom until 6 tenons and 6 tail tenons are completely connected. In this case, the bottom of the side outer wall member is to be brought into contact with the floor surface of the building base member, and the wall timber structure of the side outer wall member and the floor timber structure of the building base member are rivet-connected to each other at a position below the first non-installed floor surface mounting plate. After the installation is completed, an indoor floor installation sealing plate is used for covering the hole and is fixed on the upper layer of the base wood frame structure of the building base component by using a pneumatic nail gun.
e. And installing a central outer wall component on one side and connecting the central outer wall component with the corner outer wall component on the same side. The connection mode is similar to that of the two exterior wall parts in the step d: firstly, coating adhesive on 3 tenons of the external wall parts in the house; secondly, inserting a centered outer wall component from the outer side to the inner side by using hoisting equipment, and placing the centered outer wall component above the lateral side of the corner outer wall component at a distance of 500-800 mm from the ground; aligning the outer wall surface layers of the central outer wall component and the corner outer wall component, and aligning the upper and lower positions of 3 head tenons of the central outer wall component and 3 tail tenons of the lower corner outer wall component; installing a centered outer wall component downwards by using hoisting equipment, and fixing the centered outer wall component at the hole of the building base component by using a rivet; and fixing the second indoor ground mounting sealing plate corresponding to the mounted part on the base wood frame structure of the building base component.
f. And installing the middle outer wall component on the other side. The installation method is the same as the step e.
g. And installing the other two corner external wall parts on one side of the building. The installation method is the same as the steps b and c.
h. The last lateral outer wall member is installed. The installation method is the same as the installation method step d of the side outer wall component.
The third step comprises the following steps:
i. and installing the inner wall component. The installation method is similar to that of the exterior wall component. Firstly, 6 tenons for connection are coated with adhesives; vertically placing the building in a space in a building room by using hoisting equipment, wherein the height of the building to the ground is 500-800 mm; slowly moving to align the outer wall components to 3 tail tenon positions of each of the two middle outer wall components; the outer wall component is inserted downwards by using hoisting equipment, and 3 head tenons on two sides are inserted into 3 tail tenons of the middle outer wall component; fixing the wall wood frame structure of the inner wall component on the base wood frame structure of the building base component through the hole of the building base component by using a rivet, and simultaneously connecting the electric wire in the inner wall component with the electric wire in the center of the building base component through the hole four on the building base component; and after the electric system is connected, installing a first sealing plate on the indoor ground.
The fourth step comprises the following steps:
j. a roof member is installed, and the roof member does not include an outdoor unit of an air conditioner. The lifting device pulls it up to a position at least 4 meters from the ground with 4 edges of the ceiling grid aligned with 4 edges of the indoor room. And then, slowly placing the roof part from top to bottom, after placing, opening the buckle plate which can be disassembled from the ceiling indoors, and allowing the buckle plate to enter the ceiling cavity, and fixing the roof part between the roof part and each outer wall part by using rivets. Meanwhile, a power supply of the pre-installed indoor unit of the air conditioner is connected to the second socket above the surface layer of the inner wall part, and a drain pipe of the air conditioner penetrates through the fifth opening of the side outer wall part and extends out of the room. The power cord for the roof lighting is connected to the junction box on the interior wall member through the ceiling cavity.
k. Another roof element is installed. The installation method is the same as step j. And after the installation is finished, the two roof parts are fixedly connected on the roof by using rivets.
After the steps are completed, the method further comprises the following steps:
and l, after all the parts are finished, sealing strips or jelly are used for closing gaps among the parts of the outer wall surface layer. The waterproof material is integrally laid on the roof. And after the heat-insulating material is filled in the mortise and tenon connection position indoors, the mortise and tenon connection position is sealed by using a third sealing plate of the inner wall. Meanwhile, the air-conditioning outdoor unit is installed at the position of the reserved air-conditioning outdoor unit on the roof, and an air pipe in the roof part is connected with the air pipe to complete the installation of the air replacement system.
The modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to the present invention can be applied in emergency buildings, in particular emergency hospitals, especially infectious disease hospitals.
The modular prefabricated integrated building construction system and the construction method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
1) in conventional integrated building designs, electrical systems are not typically pre-installed in building components, and are typically connected to external power through a building foundation, through an exterior wall, and into a ceiling for connection to other devices, or through a ceiling again into an interior wall for connection to other devices, such as lighting switches and power outlets. In the technical scheme of the invention, in order to avoid the electric system from passing through three components (namely a roof component, an outer wall component and a base component) which are vertical to each other to cause the installation and construction to be complicated, the electric system is only preinstalled in the inner wall component, equipment in the roof component only needs to be connected with a power socket and a junction box on the inner wall component in the installation process, and the simplified design can enable the building component of the integrated electric system to be possible. The high integration of the building and the equipment ensures that the installation of the equipment pipeline can be completed when the building main body is installed and constructed, and the equipment and the pipeline can be installed without damaging the building main body again after the construction of the building main body is finished.
2) The assembly rate is extremely high. All by the accurate processing of machine, the installation work of the overwhelming majority is all accomplished at the mill, has reduced installation error and mistake, when guaranteeing the performance of building, has reduced building material's waste, has improved the rate of utilization of material.
3) The modular building integrated component provided by the invention occupies smaller space during transportation, and the transportation mode has high flexibility. And because each part self dead weight is lighter, need not large-scale hoisting equipment and can accomplish the construction.
4) The modular building integrated component provided by the invention can flexibly adjust the size and form of each component in the design process, achieves the basic comfort level of building use, and can be designed to form different space shapes and plane layouts according to different building schemes.
5) The dovetail joint combination used in the technical scheme of the invention has simple connection mode and does not need to use other connecting pieces or complex equipment for installation. Meanwhile, the equipment is highly integrated with the building, the field construction and installation are simple, the construction can be completed only by small-sized hoisting equipment and manpower, no complex wet operation is needed, and the field construction period is extremely short.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a building base component of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a building base component of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an exterior wall component of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a side exterior wall member of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an interior wall component of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of an interior wall component of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a tenon shaft of a wooden dovetail of a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the dovetail shaft in the wooden dovetail of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a roof component of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 11 is an isometric view of a roof member of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the installation of step a in the construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 13 is an installation schematic of step b of the construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
figure 14 is a schematic view of the installation of step c of the method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
fig. 15 is a schematic view illustrating the installation of the lateral exterior wall parts in step d of the construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
figure 16 is a schematic view of the installation of step d in the method of constructing the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of the installation of the central exterior wall member in step e of the method of constructing the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
figure 18 is a schematic view of the installation of step e of the method of construction of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 19 is an installation schematic of step f of the method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 20 is an installation schematic of step g of the construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 21 is an installation schematic of step h of the construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the installation of step i in the method of construction of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 23 is an installation schematic of step j in a method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 24 is an installation schematic of step k in a method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 25 is an isometric view of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system after installation of step l in the method of constructing the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system;
FIG. 26 is a plan view of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system after installation;
FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 26;
figure 28 is a plan view of a standard ward modular house according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 29 is an exploded view of a standard ward module house according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-building base component; 2-a centering exterior wall component; 3-side exterior wall parts; 4-corner exterior wall parts; 5-roofing parts; 6-interior wall parts;
11-base wood frame structure; 12-indoor ground reference level; 13-installing a sealing plate I on the indoor ground; 14, mounting a second sealing plate on the indoor ground; 15-a cavity; 151-opening one; 152-opening two; 153-opening three; 154-opening four; 155-opening hole five; 156-opening six; 157-opening seven;
16-outdoor wooden floor; 17-insulating layer of substrate; 18-concrete slab; 19-ground heating coil;
21-wall wood frame structure; 22-inner structural layer datum plane; 23-outer structural layer datum level; 24-inner wall facing; 25-outer wall facing; 26-wall insulation layer one; 27-wall insulating layer II; 281-tenon; 282-tail tenon;
31-inner wall structural layer datum plane; 32-junction box; 33-electric wire; 34-socket one; 35-socket two; 36-light switch;
51-roof truss structure; 52-roof panels; 53-roofing heat-insulating layer; 54-ceiling vertical keel; 55-ceiling transverse keel; 56-ceiling gusset plate; 57-roof capping;
61-base layer wires; 62-lighting fixtures; 621 — illumination power line; 641-air pipe; 642-air conditioner drain pipe; 643-outdoor air-conditioning unit; 644 — indoor air-conditioning unit; 645 — air conditioner power cord;
d1-the upper base of the isosceles trapezoid of the tenon cross section; d2-base of isosceles trapezoid with tenon cross section.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system comprises a building base member 1, side exterior wall members 3, corner exterior wall members 4, a central exterior wall member 2, an interior wall member 6 and a roof member 5. The components are connected in a combined mode through wooden dovetails to form the integral house. Building structures, heat preservation and decoration materials and outer protective structures are integrated in the components, and meanwhile electromechanical equipment used in the building and a pipeline system are integrated and preassembled.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the wooden dovetail includes a head dovetail 281 and a tail dovetail 282. The cross section of the tenon 281 is isosceles trapezoid; the length D2 of the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section of the tenon 281 does not change, the length D1 of the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid changes along with the height of the tenon, when the isosceles trapezoid is positioned at the top end of the tenon 281, the length D1 of the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section is the largest, the cross section corresponding to the position is the largest section, and the length D1 of the upper bottom does not exceed the thickness of the wood frame structure layer of the building wall part, so that the tenon 281 can be connected with the wood frame structure 21 of the building wall part conveniently; when the head tenon 281 is located at the bottom end, the upper bottom D1 of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section is smallest, and the narrowest cross section of the cross section corresponding to the position meets the shearing force among the building wall body parts. The mortise formed by the tail tenon 282 matches the shape of the head tenon 281.
As shown in fig. 9, the tail tenon 282 is formed as two separate structures, a mortise is formed between the two structures to match the shape of the head tenon,
considering the expansion and contraction and deformation of the wood itself, the width of the strip seam between the head tenon 281 and the tail tenon 282 is 0.1-1 mm.
The fabrication of the head and tail tenons 281, 282 of the wooden dovetail is done directly using a knife die cut. A piece of wood is cut into the head tenon 281 and the tail tenon 282 using a cutter die cutter according to the position of the strip joint where the head tenon 281 and the tail tenon 282 meet. The head tenon 281 and the tail tenon 282 are respectively fixed on the wood frame structure layer of the adjacent wall body component by using 2-4 screws, and the components can be tightly combined through the combination and butt joint of the wooden dovetail tenon.
The end face of the isosceles trapezoid upper bottom D1 of the cross section of the tenon 281 is fixedly connected with the adjacent wall body part.
The thickness of the wood block is 50-75 mm, the height is 200-400 mm, and the width is the same as the width of the wood frame structure column of each wall part of the building.
The material of the wooden dovetail is pine.
As shown in fig. 2, the building base member 1 includes a concrete slab 18, a base wood frame structure 11, a base insulating layer 17, a floor heating pipe 19, a base layer electric wire 61, an outdoor wood floor 16, an indoor floor reference surface 12, an indoor floor mounting plate one 13, and an indoor floor mounting plate two 14. The concrete slab 18 includes a first opening 151, a second opening 152, and a third opening 153. The indoor floor reference surface 12 includes an aperture four 154. The concrete slab 18 is the bottommost layer, the base wood frame structure 11 is installed on the top layer, and the base insulating layer 17 and the ground heating pipe 19 are respectively laid on the cavity 15 part in the base wood frame structure 11. On the upper layer of the base wood frame structure 11, the part corresponding to the indoor space of the building is laid by the indoor ground reference surface 12, and the part corresponding to the outdoor space of the building is laid by the outdoor wood floor 16. The ground heating pipe 19 is connected with an external water source through a second opening 152 on the concrete slab 18, and discharges water into an external pipeline after passing through a third opening 153. The base layer wires 61 are connected to an external power source through opening one 151 and opening four 154 for connection to the electrical system in the interior wall section 6. In the process of factory pre-installation of the building base component 1, the first indoor ground installation sealing plate 13 and the second indoor ground installation sealing plate 14 are not installed.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the side exterior wall component 3, the corner exterior wall component 4 and the middle exterior wall component 2 all belong to exterior wall components, and the main body structures of the exterior wall components are the same; the outer wall component sequentially comprises an inner wall surface layer 24, an inner side structural layer reference surface 22, a wall wood frame structure 21, a first wall heat insulation layer 26, an outer side structural layer reference surface 23, a second wall heat insulation layer 27 and an outer wall surface layer 25 from inside to outside.
Doors and windows are preassembled in the external wall components; the wall wood frame structure 21 in the exterior wall part needs to be designed, manufactured and installed according to the size and position of the window, and the other surface layers of the exterior wall part are perforated according to the size of the window.
The overall dimensions of the side exterior wall component 3, the corner exterior wall component 4 and the central exterior wall component 2 can be adjusted in modulus according to the design of a specific building unit. Each of the exterior wall components does not include any equipment pipeline layer.
The inner wall surface layer 24, the inner side structural layer reference surface 22, the first wall insulation layer 26, the outer side structural layer reference surface 23, the second wall insulation layer 27 and the outer wall surface layer 25 of the side outer wall component 3 are provided with five holes 155, and a drain pipe of air replacement equipment passes through the holes in the installation process to drain water to the outside of the building.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the main structure of the inner wall member 6 includes a wall wood frame structure 21, an inner wall structure layer reference surface 31 and an inner wall surface layer 24. The inner wall structure layer reference surfaces 31 are arranged on two sides of the wall wood frame structure 21, and the surface of each inner wall structure layer reference surface 31 is provided with an inner wall surface layer 24. The cavity 15 formed by the wall wood frame structure 21 is partially used by an electric system, and the electric wires 33 pass through the opening six 156 at the bottom side of the wall wood frame structure 21, are connected with the opening one 151 of the building base part 1 and then are communicated with an external power supply, and extend upwards through the opening seven 157 of the wall wood frame structure 21 of the inner wall part 6. Meanwhile, the cavity 15 comprises two junction boxes 32 partially, and the junction boxes are connected with electric wires 33 and used for lighting facilities. Meanwhile, the first socket 34, the second socket 35 and the lighting switch 36 are mounted on the inner wall surface layers 24 on the two sides, the first socket 34 supplies power to the electric appliance in the house using process, and the second socket 35 supplies power to the air replacement equipment.
The side outer wall component 3, the corner outer wall component 4, the middle outer wall component 2 and the inner wall component 6 are connected through a plurality of groups of wooden dovetails. The head and tail tenons 281 and 282 of the wooden dovetail joint are aligned with the columns of the timber frame structure pre-assembled to two adjacent wall sections, respectively. Mounting one side of the tenon 281, aligning the widths of the outer structural layer datum plane 23, the wall insulating layer II 27 and the outer wall surface layer 25 of the wall component with the protruded side of the tenon 281, and aligning the inner wall surface layer 24 and the inner structural datum plane 22 with the column side of the wood frame structure; the width of the facings remains aligned with the sides of the columns of the timber structure on the side of the mounting tongue 282. At the position of the pre-installed head tenon 281 or tail tenon 282, 3 head tenons 281 or tail tenons 282 are evenly distributed from top to bottom to ensure that the stress of the installed parts is even and the parts can be stably connected.
In the side outer wall component 3, 3 tenons 281 are uniformly distributed on two side columns of the wall wood frame structure 21 from top to bottom respectively, and the total number of the tenons 281 is 6; 3 tail tenons 282 are pre-arranged on the part, which is vertically connected with the side outer wall component 3, of the corner outer wall component 4 and are uniformly distributed from top to bottom, and 3 head tenons 281 or 3 tail tenons 282 are uniformly distributed on one side of a column body of the wall wood frame structure 21 from top to bottom; on the two side columns of the wall wood frame structure 21 of the middle outer wall component 2, 3 head tenons 281 are uniformly distributed on one side from top to bottom, and 3 tail tenons 282 are oppositely distributed on the other side; 3 tail tenons 282 are arranged on the inner wall surface layer 24 of the middle outer wall component 2 from top to bottom according to the designed position of the inner wall component; on the columns on both sides of the wall wood frame structure 21 of the inner wall part 6, 3 tenons 281 are evenly distributed from top to bottom.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the roof member 5 includes a roof panel 52, a roof truss structure 51, a roofing insulation layer 53, roof eaves 57, a suspended ceiling structure and removable suspended ceiling clips 56. The ceiling structure includes ceiling cross runners 55 and ceiling vertical runners 54. In the cavity 15 in the ceiling structure, an air conditioning indoor unit 644 is pre-installed, and an air outlet of the air conditioner is also pre-installed in the ceiling gusset 56. An air pipe 641 and electric wires of the air conditioning unit are pre-installed in the cavity 15 of the suspended ceiling similarly to the air conditioning drain pipe 642, the air pipe 641 is externally wrapped with air pipe heat insulation materials and electric wires of the air conditioning outdoor unit, the roof heat insulation layer 53 and the roof panel 52 are provided with eight openings 158, and the air pipe 641 penetrates through the eight openings 158 to be connected with the air conditioning outdoor unit 643 arranged on the roof. The air conditioner power cord 645 then passes through the ceiling cavity 15 and is connected to the second receptacle 35 on the interior wall component 6 during ceiling installation. The lighting fixtures 62 are also pre-installed in the ceiling and the electrical wiring for the lighting system is routed through the ceiling cavity 15 and connected to the junction box 32 on the interior wall section 6 during installation to communicate power to the light switch 36 through the electrical system of the interior wall section 6.
Referring to fig. 12 to 27, the construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system is as follows:
a. the building base member 1 is erected on an outdoor terrace. In this case, the first indoor mounting cover plate 13 and the second indoor mounting cover plate 14 are not pre-installed in the building base member 1.
b. A corner exterior wall element 4 is mounted using a lifting device. The corner exterior wall member 4 is aligned with the building wall shown on the building base member 1 and is manually installed through the underside of the non-preassembled indoor mounting plate one 13. The wall timber frame structure 21 of the corner outer wall member 4 is here riveted to the base timber frame structure 11 of the building base member 1.
c. And installing the corner outer wall component 4 on the opposite side. The installation method is the same as the step b.
d. One side exterior wall element 3 is installed between two corner exterior wall elements 4. The 6 tenons 281 of the lateral outer wall elements 3 are first coated with adhesive. The hoisting equipment inserts the side outer wall component 3 from the outside to the inside and places the side outer wall component 3 on the upper side of the position between the two corner outer wall components 4, the distance between the side outer wall component 3 and the ground is kept between 500 mm and 800 mm, the outer wall surface layer 25 of the side outer wall component 3 is aligned with the outer wall surface layer 25 of the corner outer wall component, and 6 head tenons 281 on the two sides of the side outer wall component 3 are respectively aligned with 3 tail tenons 282 of the two corner outer wall components 4. After alignment, the lifting device inserts the side exterior wall part 3 from top to bottom until the 6 tenons 281 and the 6 tenons 282 are fully connected. At this time, the bottom of the side outer wall member 3 is to be attached to the indoor floor reference surface 12 of the building base member 1, and the wall wood frame structure 21 of the side outer wall member 3 and the base wood frame structure 11 of the building base member 1 are rivet-connected by the position below the non-installed indoor floor installation seal plate one 13. After installation, an indoor floor mounting plate 13 is placed over the opening and nailed to the upper level of the base timber structure 11 of the building base unit 1.
e. The central exterior wall part 2 on one side is installed and connected with the corner exterior wall part 4 on the same side. The connection mode is similar to that of the two exterior wall parts in the step d: firstly, coating 3 tenons 281 of the middle exterior wall component 2 with adhesive; next, the centered outer wall component 2 is inserted from the outside to the inside and placed above the lateral side of the corner outer wall component 4 by using a hoisting device, and the distance between the center and the ground is 500-800 mm; aligning the outer wall surface layer 25 of the central outer wall component 2 and the corner outer wall component 4, and simultaneously aligning the upper and lower positions of 3 head tenons 281 of the central outer wall component 2 and 3 tail tenons 282 of the corner outer wall component 4 below; installing the middle outer wall component 2 downwards by using hoisting equipment, and fixing the middle outer wall component 2 at the hole of the building base component 1 by using a rivet; and fixing the second indoor floor mounting sealing plate 14 corresponding to the mounted part on the base wood frame structure 11 of the building base component 1.
f. The other side of the central exterior wall part 2 is installed. The installation method is the same as the step e.
g. And installing the other two corner external wall parts 4 on one side of the building. The installation method is the same as the steps b and c.
h. The last lateral outer wall element 3 is installed. The installation method is the same as the installation method step d of the side outer wall part 3.
i. The interior wall element 6 is installed. The installation method is similar to that of the exterior wall component. Firstly, 6 connecting tenons 281 are coated with adhesive; vertically placing the building in a space in a building room by using hoisting equipment, wherein the height of the building to the ground is 500-800 mm; slow movement to align it to the 3 tenons 282 position of each of the two central exterior wall sections 2; the outer wall component 2 is inserted downwards by using hoisting equipment, and 3 head tenons 281 on two sides are inserted into 3 tail tenons 282 of the middle outer wall component 2; riveting the wall wood frame structure 21 of the inner wall part 6 on the base wood frame structure 11 of the building base part 1 through the hole of the building base part 1, and simultaneously leading the electric wire 33 in the inner wall part 6 to pass through the hole four 154 on the building base part and be connected with the electric wire 33 in the center of the building base part; after the electric system is connected, a first sealing plate 13 is installed indoors and on the ground.
j. A roof part 5 is installed, and the roof part 5 does not include the outdoor unit 643 of the air conditioner. The lifting device pulls it up to a position at least 4 meters from the ground with 4 edges of the ceiling grid aligned with 4 edges of the indoor room. Next, the roof member 5 is slowly lowered from the top to the bottom, and after the lowering is completed, the ceiling gusset 56, which is detachable from the ceiling, is opened from the room to allow access to the cavity 15 of the ceiling, and the roof member 5 is fixed between the roof member 5 and each of the exterior wall members using rivets. Meanwhile, the pre-assembled power supply of the air conditioner indoor unit is connected to the second socket 35 above the surface layer of the inner wall part, and the air conditioner water outlet pipe 642 penetrates through the five opening holes 155 of the side outer wall part 3 and extends out outdoors. The rooftop lighting power cord 621 is then connected to the junction box 32 on the interior wall component through the cavity 15 of the suspended ceiling.
k. Another roof element 5 is installed. The installation method is the same as step j. And after the installation is finished, the two roof parts 5 are fixedly connected on the roof by using rivets.
And after all the parts are finished, sealing strips or jelly are used for closing gaps among the parts of the outer wall surface layer 25. The waterproof material is integrally laid on the roof. And after the heat-insulating material is filled in the mortise and tenon connection position indoors, the mortise and tenon connection position is sealed by using a third sealing plate of the inner wall. Meanwhile, an outdoor unit 643 is installed at a position on the roof where the outdoor unit is reserved, and an air pipe 641 of the roof member 5 is connected to the outdoor unit, thereby completing installation of the air exchange system.
The modular prefabricated integrated building construction system and the construction method thereof are explained in detail by taking standard ward modular houses of infectious disease hospitals as an example.
As shown in fig. 28 and 29, the standard ward modular house adopts the balsa wood structure as the main structural material, and the outer protective structure of the building comprises the heat-insulating layer and the outer wall wood lath. The modular house is split into 1 building base section, 2 symmetrically identical side exterior wall sections, 2 corner exterior wall sections, 3 interior wall sections, 2 of which are symmetrically identical sections, and 3 roof sections. Wherein the building base part comprises a floor heating pipeline layer of a ward and an upper and lower water system pipeline layer of a toilet; 1 medical equipment belt is pre-installed on the inner wall surface layer of the side outer wall component; the corner outer wall component is preassembled with a corresponding door, a window and a delivery window; the inner wall part comprises an electric system and a lighting system switch; the suspended ceiling cavity of the roof part is respectively provided with 1 small fresh air system, the small fresh air system comprises an air filter and an air exchanger, and an air outlet and an air inlet component and 1 ceiling lamp for illumination are arranged on the suspended ceiling in advance.
Dovetail joint combinations for installation and connection are pre-installed on all wall parts. Dovetail tenon combinations are reserved at the positions of corners of the outer wall components, and meanwhile, tail tenons for connection are installed on the corner outer wall components on the north and south sides in advance according to the designed positions of inner walls. Two sides of 2 symmetrical same inner wall components are provided with a head tenon connected with a tail tenon of an outer wall component, and simultaneously, a tail tenon connected with the head tenon of another inner wall component is pre-arranged according to the design. Through the connection and combination relationship, the module house comprises 4 outer wall components which are surrounded by four sides and 3 inner wall components which are I-shaped and are vertical to each other, wherein the functional spaces comprise 2 identical wards, 2 wards with toilets and a buffer area.
The sample plate project construction process of the ward module is as follows:
a. processing and producing the construction materials of each part in a factory workshop according to a design drawing, completing the assembly of each part, reserving connecting pull ropes for hoisting for each part, and reserving at least 2 pull ropes for hoisting for each part;
b. laying building base components on the terrace;
c. installing a corner outer wall component, connecting a connecting pull rope reserved on the corner outer wall component with a lifting hook of a light sling cart, fixing the light sling cart on a building base component by using the sling cart, and keeping the light sling cart vertical to the ground by using a support frame;
d. and sequentially installing all the external wall components in sequence. Firstly, coating an adhesive on the dovetail tenon head tenon, firstly lifting the part 500 mm away from the ground by using a light sling cart, aligning the part and then placing the part downwards, fixing the part on a building base part after the head tenon is jointed with the tail tenon, and ensuring the stability by using a support frame;
e. the interior wall components are installed in sequence in the same manner as above.
f. 3 ceiling components were installed in sequence. Placing the ceiling components above the outer wall components by using a light sling cart, connecting the ceiling components with the wood frame structure of the outer wall components by using rivets after alignment, and fixedly connecting the ceiling components by using the rivets;
g. after the installation is finished, the indoor installation node part is paved with a sealing plate. The joint of the outer wall surface and the waterproof engineering of the roof are additionally treated;
h. after all construction is finished, auxiliary facilities for construction and installation comprise the dismounting of the lifting pull rope and the fixing support frame.
During the construction of the standard ward module house, the construction process of the building main body only takes 1 hour and 45 minutes, the installation of the building main body structure, the equipment electromechanical system and the decorative surfaces in the wards and the buffer area is included, the installation of the inner wall and the wall surface of the toilet and the laying of a roof waterproof material are not included, the building height is 3.9 meters, and the indoor clear height is 2.7 meters.
In the embodiment, all the fresh air systems are integrated in the roof part, and the air pipes do not need to be installed and connected by punching the wall body on site, while the equipment of the fresh air systems can be installed only by performing secondary damage on the constructed building in the conventional method. The indoor clear height of the building in the embodiment can reach 3 meters, the outdoor building height is 3.9 meters, the equipment floor occupies a space height of only 0.6 meter, and the whole using amount of building materials is greatly reduced. In addition, the method reduces the field installation time, only 4 persons including 1 sling operator are arranged for field constructors, and the installation is completed within 2 hours.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. A construction method of a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system, which comprises a building base component (1), an outer wall component, an inner wall component (6) and a roof component (5), wherein the outer wall component comprises a side outer wall component (3), a corner outer wall component (4) and a middle outer wall component (2);
the components are combined and connected through a connecting structure to form an integral house; building structures, heat preservation and decoration materials and an outer protective structure are integrated in the components, and meanwhile, electromechanical equipment used in the building and a pipeline system are integrated and preassembled;
the construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, erecting a building base component (1) on an outdoor terrace;
step two, installing an external wall component;
step three, installing an inner wall component (6);
step four, mounting a roof part (5);
the first step comprises a step a. when the building base component (1) is erected on an outdoor terrace; an indoor mounting sealing plate I (13) and an indoor mounting sealing plate II (14) are not preassembled on the building base component (1);
the second step comprises the following steps:
b. installing a corner outer wall part (4) by using hoisting equipment, aligning the corner outer wall part (4) with the building wall position shown on the building base part (1), and manually installing the corner outer wall part through the lower part of a non-preassembled indoor installation sealing plate I (13); the wall wood frame structure (21) of the corner external wall component (4) is connected with the base wood frame structure (11) of the building base component (1) through rivets;
c. b, mounting the corner outer wall component (4) on the opposite side, wherein the mounting method is the same as that in the step b;
d. installing a side exterior wall member (3) between two corner exterior wall members (4): firstly, coating adhesives on 6 tenons (281) of the outer wall part (3); the hoisting equipment inserts the side outer wall component (3) from the outside to the inside and places the side outer wall component at the upper side of the position between the two corner outer wall components (4), the distance between the side outer wall component and the ground is kept between 500 mm and 800 mm, the outer wall surface layer (25) of the side outer wall component (3) and the outer wall surface layer (25) of the corner outer wall component are aligned, and 6 head tenons (281) on two sides of the side outer wall component (3) are respectively aligned with 3 tail tenons (282) of the two corner outer wall components (4); after aligning the positions, inserting the side outer wall component (3) by using the hoisting equipment from top to bottom until 6 head tenons (281) are completely connected with 6 tail tenons (282); at the moment, the bottom of the side outer wall component (3) is adhered to an indoor ground reference surface (12) of the building base component (1), and a wall wood frame structure (21) of the side outer wall component (3) and a base wood frame structure (11) of the building base component (1) are connected through rivets by utilizing the lower position of an uninstalled indoor ground mounting sealing plate I (13); after the installation is finished, covering the hole with a first indoor ground installation sealing plate (13), and fixing the first indoor ground installation sealing plate on the upper layer of the base wood frame structure (11) of the building base component (1) by using a pneumatic nail gun;
e. installing a centered outer wall component (2) on one side, and connecting the centered outer wall component with a corner outer wall component (4) on the same side in a manner similar to that of the two outer wall components in the step d: firstly, coating 3 tenons (281) of the external wall component (2) in the middle and the middle with adhesive; then, the centered outer wall component (2) is inserted from the outer side to the inner side by using hoisting equipment and is placed above the side of the corner outer wall component (4) at a distance of 500-800 mm from the ground; aligning the outer wall surface layer (25) of the middle outer wall component (2) and the outer wall surface layer (25) of the corner outer wall component (4), and simultaneously aligning the upper and lower positions of 3 head tenons (281) of the middle outer wall component (2) and 3 tail tenons (282) of the corner outer wall component (4) below; installing a centered outer wall component (2) downwards by using hoisting equipment, and fixing the centered outer wall component at the hole of the building base component (1) by using a rivet; then fixing a second indoor ground mounting sealing plate (14) corresponding to the mounted part on a base wood frame structure (11) of the building base component (1);
f. mounting the middle outer wall component (2) on the other side, wherein the mounting method is the same as that in the step e;
g. installing the other two corner external wall parts (4) on one side of the building, wherein the installation method is the same as the steps b and c;
h. and (d) installing the last lateral outer wall component (3) in the same way as the installation method of the lateral outer wall component (3).
2. The construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 1, wherein:
in the third step, the method comprises the following steps:
i. installing an interior wall component (6) in a manner similar to the method of installing an exterior wall component: firstly, 6 tenons (281) for connection are coated with adhesive; vertically placing the building in a space in a building room by using hoisting equipment, wherein the height of the building to the ground is 500-800 mm; slowly moving to align the outer wall parts to 3 tail tenon (282) positions of each of two central outer wall parts (2); the outer wall component is inserted downwards by using hoisting equipment, and 3 head tenons (281) on two sides are inserted into 3 tail tenons (282) of the middle outer wall component (2); fixing the wall wood frame structure (21) of the inner wall component (6) on the base wood frame structure (11) of the base component (1) through the hole of the building base component (1) by rivets, and connecting the electric wire (33) in the inner wall component (6) with the electric wire (33) in the center of the base component through the hole four (154) on the building base component; and after the electric system is connected, installing a first sealing plate (13) on the indoor ground.
3. The construction method of the modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 2, wherein:
in the fourth step, the method comprises the following steps:
j. installing a roof element (5), the roof element (5) not comprising an air-conditioning outdoor unit (643): the hoisting equipment lifts the suspended ceiling keel to a position at least 4 meters away from the ground, and 4 edges of the suspended ceiling keel are aligned with 4 edges of an indoor room; then, slowly placing the roof part (5) from top to bottom, after placing, opening a ceiling buckle plate (56) which can be disassembled from the ceiling from the room, entering a cavity (15) of the ceiling from the ceiling, and fixing the roof part (5) between the roof part (5) and each outer wall part by using rivets; meanwhile, a pre-installed power supply of the air conditioner indoor unit is connected to a second socket (35) above the surface layer of the inner wall part, and an air conditioner drainage pipe (642) penetrates through a fifth opening (155) of the side outer wall part (3) and extends out of the room; the roof lighting power supply wire (621) is connected to a junction box (32) on the inner wall part through a cavity (15) of the suspended ceiling;
k. installing another roof element (5) in the same way as in step j; and after the installation is finished, the two roof parts (5) are fixedly connected on the roof by using rivets.
4. A method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 3, wherein:
further comprising the steps of:
after all the parts are finished, sealing strips or jelly are used for closing gaps among the parts of the outer wall surface layer (25); the waterproof material is integrally paved on the roof; filling heat-insulating materials into the mortise-tenon joint positions indoors, and then sealing the mortise-tenon joint positions with a third sealing plate of the inner wall; meanwhile, an air conditioner outdoor unit (643) is installed at a position of the roof where the air conditioner outdoor unit is reserved, and an air pipe (641) in the roof part is connected with the air conditioner outdoor unit, so that the installation of the air replacement system is completed.
5. A method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
the connection structure is a wooden dovetail.
6. The method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 5, wherein:
the wooden dovetail comprises a head dovetail (281) and a tail dovetail (282);
the cross section of the tenon (281) is isosceles trapezoid;
the length (D2) of the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid on the cross section of the tenon 281 is not changed;
the upper bottom (D1) of the isosceles trapezoid changes with the height of the tenon, when the isosceles trapezoid is positioned at the top end of the tenon (281), the length of the upper bottom (D1) of the isosceles trapezoid in the cross section is the largest, and the cross section corresponding to the position is the largest section, at the moment, the length of the upper bottom (D1) does not exceed the thickness of the wooden frame structure layer of the building wall part, so that the tenon (281) is connected with the wooden frame structure (21) of the building wall part;
when the head tenon is positioned at the bottom end of the tenon (281), the upper bottom (D1) of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section is the smallest, and the narrowest section of the cross section corresponding to the position of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section meets the requirement of the size of the shearing force stress between the building wall body parts;
the mortise formed by the tail tenon (282) is matched with the shape of the head tenon (281).
7. The method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 6, wherein:
the head tenon (281) and the tail tenon (282) are directly finished by cutting with a cutting die; the cutting die cutter cuts a wood block into a head tenon (281) and a tail tenon (282) according to the joint seam position of the head tenon (281) and the tail tenon (282);
fixing a head tenon (281) and a tail tenon (282) on adjacent wall parts through fixing pieces respectively, and tightly combining the adjacent wall parts through wood dovetail joint combination and butt joint;
the end face of the upper bottom (D1) of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section of the tenon (281) is fixedly connected with the adjacent wall body part.
8. The method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 7, wherein:
the thickness of the wood block is 50-75 mm, the height is 200-400 mm, and the width is the same as the width of the wood frame structure column of each wall part of the building; the width of a strip seam between the head tenon (281) and the tail tenon (282) is 0.1-1 mm; the wooden dovetail joint is made of pine.
9. A method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein:
electromechanical equipment and pipeline systems used in a building are integrated and pre-installed in the inner wall part (6), and the outer wall part does not contain any equipment pipeline layer.
10. The method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 9, wherein:
the building base component (1) comprises a concrete slab (18), a base wood frame structure (11), a base heat-insulating layer (17), a ground heating pipe (19), a base layer electric wire (61), an outdoor wood floor (16), an indoor ground reference surface (12), an indoor ground mounting sealing plate I (13) and an indoor ground mounting sealing plate II (14);
wherein the concrete slab (18) comprises a first opening (151), a second opening (152) and a third opening (153);
the indoor ground reference surface (12) comprises a hole four (154);
the concrete slab (18) is the bottommost layer, a base wood frame structure (11) is arranged on the upper layer of the concrete slab, and a base heat-insulating layer (17) and a ground heating pipe (19) are respectively paved in a cavity (15) in the base wood frame structure (11);
on the upper layer of the base wood frame structure (11), the part corresponding to the indoor space of the building is paved by an indoor ground reference surface (12), and the part corresponding to the outdoor space of the building is paved by an outdoor wood floor (16);
the ground heating pipe (19) is connected with an external water source through a second opening (152) on the concrete slab (18) and discharges water into an external pipeline after passing through a third opening (153);
the base layer wires (61) are connected to an external power source through the first opening (151) and the fourth opening (154) is used for connecting with an electric system in the inner wall part (6);
in the process of factory preassembly of the building base component (1), no indoor ground mounting sealing plate is installed.
11. The method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 10, wherein:
the main body structures of the side outer wall component (3), the corner outer wall component (4) and the middle outer wall component (2) are the same; the outer wall component sequentially comprises an inner wall surface layer (24), an inner side structural layer datum plane (22), a wall wood frame structure (21), a wall insulation layer I (26), an outer side structural layer datum plane (23), a wall insulation layer II (27) and an outer wall surface layer (25) from inside to outside;
and five holes (155) are formed in the inner wall surface layer (24), the inner side structural layer reference surface (22), the first wall heat-insulating layer (26), the outer side structural layer reference surface (23), the second wall heat-insulating layer (27) and the outer wall surface layer (25) of the side outer wall component (3) together, and the drain pipe of the air supply replacement equipment passes through the holes in the installation process to drain water to the outer side of the building.
12. A method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 11, wherein:
the main body structure of the inner wall component (6) comprises a wall wood frame structure (21), an inner wall structure layer datum plane (31) and an inner wall surface layer (24);
the inner wall structure layer reference surfaces (31) are arranged on two sides of the wall body wood frame structure (21), and an inner wall surface layer (24) is arranged on the surface of each inner wall structure layer reference surface (31);
the cavity (15) formed by the wall wood frame structure (21) is used by an electric system, and the electric wire (33) passes through the opening six (156) at the bottom side of the wall wood frame structure (21), is connected with the opening one (151) of the building base component (1) and then is communicated with an external power supply, and extends upwards through the opening seven (157) of the wall wood frame structure (21) of the inner wall component (6); the cavity (15) part comprises two junction boxes (32) which are used for lighting after being connected with electric wires (33); the inner wall surface layers (24) on the two sides are respectively provided with a first socket (34), a second socket (35) and a lighting switch (36), the first socket (34) supplies power for an electric appliance in the house using process, and the second socket (35) supplies power for air replacement equipment.
13. The method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 12, wherein:
the side outer wall component (3), the corner outer wall component (4), the middle outer wall component (2) and the inner wall component (6) are connected through a plurality of groups of wooden dovetails;
the head tenon (281) and the tail tenon (282) of the wooden dovetail joint are respectively aligned and pre-installed on the columns of the wooden frame structure of two adjacent wall parts; the components are uniformly distributed from top to bottom so as to ensure that the components are uniformly stressed after being installed and can be stably connected.
14. A method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 12 or 13, wherein:
the roof component (5) comprises a roof panel (52), an roof truss structure (51), a roof heat-insulating layer (53), a roof eave (57), a suspended ceiling structure and a detachable suspended ceiling buckle plate (56);
the suspended ceiling structure comprises suspended ceiling transverse keels (55) and suspended ceiling vertical keels (54);
an air conditioner indoor unit (644) is pre-installed in a cavity (15) in the ceiling structure, and an air outlet of an air conditioner is also pre-installed in a ceiling pinch plate (56); an air pipe (641) and an electric wire of the air conditioning unit are pre-installed in the cavity 15 of the suspended ceiling as well as an air conditioning drain pipe (642), and the air pipe (641) is externally wrapped with an air pipe heat insulation material and an electric wire of an air conditioning outdoor unit;
the roof insulation layer (53) and the roof panel (52) are provided with eight openings (158), and the air pipe (641) penetrates through the eight openings (158) to be connected with an air conditioner outdoor unit (643) arranged on a roof;
an air conditioner power line (645) penetrates through the cavity (15) of the suspended ceiling and is connected to a second socket (35) on the inner wall component (6) in the installation process of the suspended ceiling;
the lighting fixtures (62) are also pre-installed in the ceiling, and the electrical wiring for the lighting system is routed through the ceiling cavity (15), connected to the junction box (32) on the interior wall member (6) during installation, and connected to the power source and light switch (36) through the electrical system of the interior wall member (6).
15. Use of a method of constructing a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 14 in emergency construction.
16. Use of the method of construction of a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 15 in an emergency building, wherein said emergency building is an emergency hospital.
17. Use of the method of construction of a modular prefabricated integrated building construction system according to claim 16 in an emergency building, wherein said emergency hospital is an infectious disease hospital.
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| CN104120792B (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2016-06-01 | 河南天丰节能板材科技股份有限公司 | Modularization integrated house |
| CN106499046A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-15 | 西咸新区矩阵实业有限公司 | Architectural Equipment pipeline integral structure and design and construction process based on inverted ladder type slot type combined wall board |
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