CN113080156B - Device and method for catching cold water fishes in large-scale cultivation net cage in summer - Google Patents
Device and method for catching cold water fishes in large-scale cultivation net cage in summer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113080156B CN113080156B CN202110327491.0A CN202110327491A CN113080156B CN 113080156 B CN113080156 B CN 113080156B CN 202110327491 A CN202110327491 A CN 202110327491A CN 113080156 B CN113080156 B CN 113080156B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K69/00—Stationary catching devices
- A01K69/06—Traps
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and ocean resource development, and relates to a device and a method for catching cold water fishes in a large-scale aquaculture net cage in summer, which comprises a floating frame, a fish collecting part and a fish guiding channel, wherein the floating frame, the fish collecting part and the fish guiding channel are sequentially connected; a light induction device is arranged in the fish guide channel. When in use, the high-temperature water in the fish collecting part is pumped out by the water pump, so that the cold water at the bottom layer enters the fish collecting part; inducing the fish school to enter a fish collecting part through bait and a light induction device; closing the connecting part after the fish swarm in the fish collecting part reaches a certain density, and capturing the fish in the fish collecting part; and (5) removing the device after the fishing is finished. The device and the method provided by the invention are adopted for fishing, the device is removed after the fishing is finished, the normal culture can be recovered in the net cage, the device is simple, the method is easy to implement, the physiological mechanism and the ethological characteristics of the fishes are fully considered and utilized, and the problem of fishing cold water fishes cultured in warm sea areas in summer is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and ocean resource development, and relates to a device for catching cold water fishes in a large-scale aquaculture net cage in a warm sea area in summer, in particular to a device and a method for catching cold water fishes in the large-scale aquaculture net cage in summer, which are used for supporting the net cage culture of seawater fishes to expand to the deep sea.
Background
The yellow sea cold water mass is positioned at the deep layer and the bottom of the middle sea area of the yellow sea in China, the water temperature is low in summer, the water quality is good, the sea area is about 13 kilo square kilometers, the water volume is 5000 billion cubic meters, and the yellow sea cold water mass can be used for breeding cold water ocean economic species such as salmon and trout. In 2018, the first full-submersible type deep and open sea aquaculture net cage 'dark blue No. 1' in the world is independently developed and built in China, and at present, a layered (thermocline-crossing) net cage 'dark blue No. 2' is built and used for carrying out yellow sea cold water mass salmon and trout aquaculture so as to expand the mariculture space in China and promote the development of the deep and open sea aquaculture industry in China.
In summer, the vertical distribution difference of the water temperature in the yellow sea area is large. When the surface water temperature rises to a temperature which cannot meet the requirement of the cultured object, the fish need to submerge into a deep cold water area, or the net cage is settled to a low-temperature water layer, so that the survival temperature of the cultured object is guaranteed. However, it is difficult to catch the fish cultured in the deep water layer after the fish submerge or the net cage subside in summer. The technique and the device for catching the cultured fishes by the giant net cages of the ocean fishing ground No. 1 in Norway adopt the technique of mechanically driving the gathered fishes and then mechanically catching the cultured fishes. Practice has proved that the device is easy to fail under the conditions of easy corrosion and high sea conditions, and influences the fishing and production plan with strong timeliness. At present, the mode of batch fishing of deep-water layer fishes in the sea is mainly a bottom trawl, fishes cultured in a common net cage are mainly caught by a purse net and the like, and the fishes cultured in the deep layer of a large net cage have no simple and reliable catching technology and device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a device and a method for catching cold water fishes in a large-scale cultivation net cage in summer, which can be used for catching cultivation objects inhabiting the low-temperature area at the bottom layer of a large-scale cultivation facility in summer. The device is a device which leads cold water fishes cultured in a low-temperature deep water layer to a near surface water layer area and then simply catches the fishes based on cold water pump suction, bait and light induction; the device and the method solve the problem of catching cold water fishes cultured in warm sea areas in summer, and are beneficial to the development of the deep sea aquaculture industry in China.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a device for catching cold water fishes in a large-scale aquaculture net cage in summer comprises a floating frame, a fish collecting part and a fish guiding channel which are sequentially connected, wherein the fish collecting part comprises an upper half part and a lower half part, the floating frame is fixedly arranged on the upper half part of the fish collecting part, and the lower half part of the fish collecting part is connected with the fish guiding channel; and a light induction device is arranged in the fish guide channel.
Further, the diameter of the fish collecting part is 15-20 m, and the height of the fish collecting part is 4-6 m; the diameter of the fish guiding channel is 2-3 m, and the length of the fish guiding channel meets the requirement that the bottom of the fish guiding channel reaches 4-5 m below the thermocline.
Furthermore, the upper half part of the fish collecting part is cylindrical, and the lower half part of the fish collecting part is funnel-shaped; the bottom of the funnel is fixedly connected with the fish guide channel.
Furthermore, the diameter of the upper half part of the fish gathering part is 15-20 m, the diameter of the joint of the lower half part of the fish gathering part and the upper half part is 15-20 m, and the diameter of the joint of the lower half part of the fish gathering part and the fish guiding channel is 2-3 m; the height of the fish collecting part is 4-6 m.
Furthermore, the position where the fish collecting part is connected with the fish guiding channel is transversely provided with a connecting part, and the fish collecting part is controlled to be communicated with the fish guiding channel through the connecting part.
Further, the light induction device is an LED lamp with three light colors, including a blue LED lamp, a yellow LED lamp and a white LED lamp.
Furthermore, the device is used with water pump and drinking-water pipe cooperation.
Further, the floating frame is composed of HDPE pipes, and the fish collecting part and the fish guiding channel are both composed of rigid support rings and waterproof braided fabrics.
A method for capturing cold water fish in a large-scale aquaculture net cage in summer, said method using said device, comprising the steps of: (1) the device is arranged in a large-scale cultivation net cage, and the high-temperature water in the fish collecting part is pumped out by a water pump, so that the cold water at the bottom layer enters the fish collecting part; (2) bait is put in the fish gathering part, an LED lamp of the light induction device is turned on, and fish shoals are induced to enter the fish gathering part along the fish guide channel; (3) after the fish swarm in the fish gathering part reaches a certain density, closing the connecting part and capturing the fish in the fish gathering part; (4) and (5) removing the device after the fishing is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device for catching cold water fishes in the large-scale cultivation net cage in summer is simple in structure, convenient to operate and low in cost, and the device is composed of the rigid support ring and the waterproof woven cloth and can be stacked and stored when the device is not used, so that the space occupation is greatly reduced.
(2) The method provided by the invention is adopted for fishing, after the fishing is finished, the device is removed, normal culture can be recovered in the net cage, the method is simple and easy to implement, physiological mechanisms and ethological characteristics of fishes are fully considered and utilized, cold water fishes inhabiting the low-temperature region at the lower part of the large-scale culture net cage in the warm sea area can be effectively caught in summer, and the problem of catching the cold water fishes cultured in the warm sea area in summer is solved.
(3) The invention forms the frame of the whole fishing device by connecting the floating frame, the fish collecting part and the fish guiding channel in turn; the floating frame is used for providing buoyancy for the device so that the device can float on the water surface; the light induction device is used for inducing fish groups inhabited in deep dark places at the lower part of the large-scale cultivation net cage to enter the fish guide channel; the fish school enters the fish collecting part through the fish guiding channel; in the fishing process, the cold water fishes cultured in the low-temperature deep water layer are upwards guided into the fish collecting part through the fish guiding channel by the synergistic effect of cold water pump suction, bait and light induction, and then are fished, so that the problem of fishing in summer of the cold water fishes cultured in the warm sea area is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus provided by the present invention;
in the above figures, 1, a floating frame; 2. a fish collecting part; 3. a fish guiding channel; 4. a rigid support ring; 5. waterproof woven cloth; 6. a water pump; 7. a water pumping pipe; 8. a connecting portion; 9. light-induced device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a device for catching cold water fishes in a large-scale aquaculture net cage in summer, which comprises a floating frame 1, a fish collecting part 2 and a fish guiding channel 3 which are connected in sequence, wherein the fish collecting part 2 comprises an upper half part and a lower half part, the floating frame 1 is fixedly arranged on the upper half part of the fish collecting part 2, and the lower half part of the fish collecting part 2 is connected with the fish guiding channel 3; a light induction device 9 is arranged in the fish guiding channel 3.
In the device, a floating frame 1, a fish collecting part 2 and a fish guiding channel 3 are sequentially connected to form a frame of the whole fishing device; the floating frame 1 is used for providing buoyancy for the device so that the device can float on the water surface; the light induction device 9 is used for inducing fish groups inhabiting deep dark parts at the lower part of the large-scale cultivation net cage to enter the fish guide channel 3; the fish shoal enters the fish collecting part 2 through the fish guiding channel 3. In the fishing process, the cold water fishes cultured in the low-temperature deep water layer are upwards attracted into the fish collecting part 2 through the fish guide channel 3 by the synergistic effect of cold water pump suction, bait and light induction, and then are fished, so that the problem of fishing in summer of the cold water fishes cultured in the warm sea area is solved.
In the practical application of the device, the size of the fish collecting part 2 and the diameter and the length of the fish guiding channel 3 are designed according to the conditions of the size, the depth, the harvest density and the like of the aquaculture net cage. In the embodiment, the diameter of the fish collecting part 2 is 15-20 m, and the height of the fish collecting part 2 is 4-6 m; the diameter of the fish guiding channel 3 is 2-3 m, and the fish guiding channel 3 plays a role of a channel, cold water fishes in the large-scale aquaculture net cage need to be guided into the fish collecting part 2, so that the lower part of the fish guiding channel 3 needs to extend into a cold water layer, as shown in fig. 3, the length of the fish guiding channel 3 meets the condition that the bottom of the fish guiding channel reaches 4-5 m below a thermocline, and the bottom of the fish guiding channel is located in the cold water layer, so that the function of guiding the fishes to enter the fish collecting part 2 is achieved. The lower part of the fish guide channel 3 can be designed into a horn shape according to actual requirements, so that the gathering and passing of more cold water fishes are facilitated.
In this embodiment, the upper half of the fish collecting part 2 is cylindrical, the upper end thereof is connected to the floating frame 1, the lower half thereof is funnel-shaped, and the lower end thereof is connected to the fish guiding passage 3. Therefore, when the diameter of the upper half part of the fish collecting part 2 is 15-20 m, the diameter of the joint of the lower half part and the upper half part of the fish collecting part 2 is 15-20 m; the diameter of the joint of the lower half part of the fish collecting part 2 and the fish guiding channel 3 is the same as that of the fish guiding channel 3 and is 2-3 m; the sum of the heights of the upper half part and the lower half part of the fish gathering part 2 is 4-6 m.
It should be noted that a connecting portion 8 is transversely disposed at a position where the fish collecting portion 2 is connected to the fish guiding passage 3, and the connecting portion 8 controls communication between the fish collecting portion 2 and the fish guiding passage 3. The connecting part 8 is a blocking part, can be opened or closed when needed, and can be remotely controlled in a remote control or other modes, so that the fish gathering part can be communicated with the fish guiding channel or the connection between the fish gathering part and the fish guiding channel can be closed. When the fish in the fish collecting part 2 reaches a certain density, the connecting part 8 can be closed to prevent the fish in the fish collecting part 2 from returning to the bottom of the net cage through the fish guiding channel 3.
In the embodiment, a series of LED lamps are hung in the fish guiding channel 3 and used for inducing fish groups inhabiting deep dark places at the bottom of the large-scale cultivation water tank to enter the fish guiding channel 3, the LED lamps at the bottom are blue, the middle part of the LED lamps is yellow, and the upper part of the LED lamps is white.
As shown in fig. 3, the device is used in conjunction with a water pump 6 and a suction pipe 7. The device utilizes a water pump 6 to pump out high-temperature water in the fish collecting part 2, so that low-temperature water at the bottom layer of the net cage enters the fish collecting part 2 through a fish guiding channel 3 to form a cold water channel from the bottom of the fish collecting part 2 to the fish collecting part 2; then bait is put in the fish collecting part 2, the bottom layer cold water fish group inhabiting in the deep water low temperature area is induced to enter the fish collecting part 2 by the light inducing device 9 and the bait, and the purpose of fishing is achieved by the fish sucking pump and the like.
It will be appreciated that the floating frame 1 is formed of HDPE pipe, the primary function being to provide buoyancy to the device; the fish collecting part 2 consists of a rigid support ring 4 and waterproof woven cloth 5, and is a main structure for trapping and capturing fish; similarly, the fish guiding channel 3 is composed of a rigid support ring 4 and waterproof woven cloth 5, the lower end of the fish guiding channel 3 can be placed in a cold water area at the bottom layer of the aquaculture net cage under the action of gravity of the rigid support ring 4, and the device can be stacked and placed by the structure composed of the rigid support ring 4 and the waterproof woven cloth 5 to reduce the occupied space.
The invention also provides a method for catching the cold water fishes in the large-scale cultivation net cage in summer, which comprises the following steps:
the fishing device is arranged in the large-scale aquaculture net cage, the high-temperature water in the fish collecting part 2 is pumped out through a water pump 6, and the cold water at the bottom layer enters the fish collecting part 2; bait is put in the fish collecting part 2, an LED lamp in the fish guiding channel 3 is turned on, fish flocks at the bottom of the luring and collecting part 2 enter the fish guiding channel 3, when the fish flocks in the fish collecting part 2 reach a certain density, a connecting part 8 of the fish collecting part 2 and the fish guiding channel 3 is closed, and the fish in the fish collecting part 2 is captured in a mode of a landing net or a purse net or a fish sucking pump or a fish basket and the like; after the fishing is finished, the device is removed, and the normal culture can be recovered in the net cage. The device can be stored with its flexible stack for the next use.
In the following, taking a large steel structure net cage for breeding atlantic salmon in a water depth of 53m in the sea area of the yellow sea cold water cluster as an example, the specific implementation mode is as follows:
the adopted device consists of an inflatable floating frame 1, a fish collecting part 2 and a fish guiding channel 3; the floating frame 1 is composed of HDPE round pipes with the length of 62.8m and the caliber of 0.5m, the upper end of the fish collecting part 2 is connected with the floating frame 1 and consists of a rigid support ring 4 and waterproof woven cloth 5, and the upper half part of the fish collecting part 2 is a cylinder with the diameter of 20m and the height of 4 m; the lower half part is a funnel-shaped structure with the diameter of the upper bottom of 20m, the diameter of the lower bottom of 3m and the height of 2 m; the upper end of the fish guiding channel 3 is connected with the fish collecting part 2, the lower end of the fish guiding channel is inserted into deep low-temperature water where fishes inhabit, and the fish guiding channel is composed of a rigid support ring 4 and a waterproof woven cloth 5, the diameter of the rigid support ring is 3m, and the height of the rigid support ring is 30 m.
In a sunny summer, pumping out high-temperature water in the fish collecting part 2 through a water pump 6, enabling bottom-layer cold water to enter the fish collecting part 2 through a fish guide channel 3, throwing baits in the fish collecting part 2, turning on LED lamps in the fish guide channel 3, and trapping bottom fishes to enter the fish collecting part 2 along the fish guide channel 3; when the fish school in the fish collecting part 2 reaches a certain density, the connecting part 8 of the fish collecting part 2 and the fish guiding channel 3 is closed; the fish in the fish collecting part 2 is collected by the purse net and then captured by the fish suction pump or the fish basket. The above-mentioned catching activities can be carried out several times in one day.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or modification made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A device for catching cold water fishes in a large-scale aquaculture net cage in summer is characterized by comprising a floating frame, a fish collecting part and a fish guiding channel which are sequentially connected, wherein the fish collecting part comprises an upper half part and a lower half part, the floating frame is fixedly arranged on the upper half part of the fish collecting part, and the lower half part of the fish collecting part is connected with the fish guiding channel; a light induction device is arranged in the fish guide channel; the length of the fish guiding channel is 4-5 m below the thermocline from the bottom of the fish guiding channel; the fish gathering part is transversely provided with a connecting part at the position where the fish guiding channel is connected, and the fish gathering part is controlled to be communicated with the fish guiding channel through the connecting part.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fish-catching part has a diameter of 15 to 20m and a height of 4 to 6 m; the diameter of the fish guiding channel is 2-3 m.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fish catching part has a cylindrical upper half and a funnel lower half; the bottom of the funnel is fixedly connected with the fish guide channel.
4. The device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the diameter of the upper half part of the fish gathering part is 15-20 m, the diameter of the joint of the lower half part of the fish gathering part and the upper half part is 15-20 m, and the diameter of the joint of the lower half part of the fish gathering part and the fish guiding channel is 2-3 m; the height of the fish collecting part is 4-6 m.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the light inducing device is a three color LED light including a blue LED light, a yellow LED light, and a white LED light.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is used in conjunction with a water pump and a suction tube.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the floating frame is made of HDPE pipe, and the fish gathering part and the fish guiding passage are made of rigid support rings and waterproof woven cloth.
8. A method for summer harvesting of cold water fish in large aquaculture net cages, characterized in that it makes use of the device according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
(1) the device is arranged in a large-scale cultivation net cage, and the high-temperature water in the fish collecting part is pumped out by a water pump, so that the cold water at the bottom layer enters the fish collecting part;
(2) bait is put in the fish gathering part, an LED lamp of the light induction device is turned on, and fish shoals are induced to enter the fish gathering part along the fish guide channel;
(3) after the fish swarm in the fish gathering part reaches a certain density, closing the connecting part and capturing the fish in the fish gathering part;
(4) and (5) removing the device after the fishing is finished.
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CN113647361B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2022-09-13 | 威海海恩蓝海水产养殖有限公司 | Integral fishing method for net cage |
CN113728986B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-06-14 | 中国海洋大学 | Layered fishing device for giant deepwater net cage and use method thereof |
CN114342869B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-01-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Swimming bladder air supplementing device and method for submerged culture of cold-water fishes in warm sea area in summer |
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CN106719211A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of net cage fish suction device |
CN206744333U (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-12-15 | 沭阳恒通科技有限公司 | Multi-faceted fish-catching apparatus |
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CN106719211A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of net cage fish suction device |
CN206744333U (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-12-15 | 沭阳恒通科技有限公司 | Multi-faceted fish-catching apparatus |
CN108901965A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-30 | 青岛博鲁泽海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of large size cage-farming classification fishes device and its large-scale net cage and method |
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