CN106577563B - A kind of wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless to catch the method for grabbing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-destructive catching method of wild yellow spot basketfish, which comprises the selection of catching sea areas, the making of catching devices, the selection of catching season and time, and the transportation of live fish. According to the living habits, morphological structure and behavior characteristics of the yellow-spotted basketfish, the method comprehensively selects the sea area for catching, the selection of the catching device, the selection of the catching season and time, the transportation of live fish and other technical steps, so that the whole catching process can be The yellow-spotted basketfish does not leave the water, reducing the stress response caused by catching, while avoiding crowding and stabbing each other. The method can effectively solve the current problem of catching and catching healthy wild yellow-spotted basketfish, provide robust broodstock for artificial breeding of yellow-spotted basketfish, and at the same time, provide healthy seedlings for the breeding of yellow-spotted basketfish, and finally improve its breeding efficiency.

Description

A kind of non-destructive catching method of wild yellow-spotted basket fish

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fish farming, in particular to a nondestructive catching method for wild yellow-spotted basket fish.

Background technique

The yellow-spotted basket fish ( Siganus oramin ), commonly known as Mud Meng and stinky belly fish, belongs to Perciformes, Basketfish family, and Basketfish genus. . Its meat is tender and delicious, and it is deeply loved by consumers; due to its omnivorous and partial herbivorous dietary characteristics, and its preference for algae attached, it has the advantages of easy to solve the feed source, low breeding cost, strong disease resistance, cleanable net clothing, feeding Short cycle time and many other advantages. In recent years, it has developed rapidly in the coastal areas of South China, and has become one of the new targets for the main and polyculture of omnivorous fish in offshore sea cage culture. However, no substantial breakthrough has been made in the fully artificial large-scale reproduction of the yellow-spotted basketfish. At present, the cultured fry of the yellow-spotted basketfish in my country are mainly captured directly from the natural sea areas, and the quantity and quality of these species are difficult to meet the development of the aquaculture industry. Breeding of broodstock is the first key problem to be solved in the development of yellow-spotted basketfish. Successfully obtaining healthy wild broodstock is the primary task to be solved in the full artificial reproduction of yellow-spotted basketfish. The supply of species is still an urgent problem to be solved in the yellow-spotted basketfish aquaculture industry.

The stress response of the yellow-spotted basketfish is very strong. When frightened, the body color of the fish rapidly turns darker and jumps upwards. The adult fish is more serious than the juvenile fish. It will die in a short time after leaving the water. At the same time, the dorsal, anal, and caudal fins of the yellow-spotted basketfish have hard and long spines. The method of catching wild macular basket fish often leads to the failure of later feeding due to the stress of macular basket fish and stabbing each other.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a non-destructive catching method for wild maculatus, aiming to solve the problem that wild maculatus is easily injured due to strong stress response in the traditional catching process.

The technical problem to be solved by this invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A non-destructive catching method for wild yellow-spotted basketfish, comprising the following steps:

(1) Selection of the capture sea area

Choose a shallow sea port; a semi-open sea area with a water depth of 5-15m, with natural shielding, and the sea area is flat.

Sediment texture and smooth flow of tidal seawater, current velocity 20~50 cm/s, surface water temperature 18~28℃, dissolved oxygen above 6mg/L, transparency 0.5~1.5 m, pH 7.2~8.5;

(2) Production of non-destructive capture device

The catching device includes a cylindrical mesh cage with a closed bottom opening at the top, the bottom of the mesh cage is connected to a bottom box for water storage and fish storage, and the size and shape of the opening at the bottom of the mesh cage are the same as the top of the bottom box for water storage and fish storage. The size and shape of the opening are the same, the net cage is provided with a semi-elliptical fish feeding channel that gradually becomes smaller from the net body of the net cage to the inside of the net cage, and a food attracting table is set at the bottom of the fish feeding channel. ;

(3) Selection of capture season and time

The fry species of wild yellow-spotted basketfish along the coast of South China are caught from May to July; the adult wild yellow-spotted basketfish is caught all year round; the wild yellow-spotted basketfish broodstock is caught from January to March; The time is selected at 17:00-20:00 or 5:00-7:00 in the morning when the water temperature is low and the light is dim;

(4) Transportation of live fish

After the catching device described in the above step (2) was put into the shallow sea harbour to catch the wild macular basket fish non-destructively, the wild macular basket fish was temporarily raised in a small cage, and a dark cover net was covered on the cage to shield it. Residents work, and use ropes to evenly hang prolifera, sargassum, gracilaria or sea grapes in the cage under the cover net to increase the cover to avoid the stress of the basket fish crowded in the small environment and cause agitation and speed up swimming. Use fishing boats to drag the temporary cages to the shore pier, and use the fishing nets composed of a permeable fishing net layer on the upper layer and an impermeable plastic layer on the lower layer to temporarily raise the yellow-spotted basketfish in the cages in small batches in batches. After catching the live fish transporter, cover the transport tank of the live fish transporter, which is similar to the temporary cage, with a dark cover to block the personnel from working. , Gracilaria or sea grapes are evenly hung in the transport tank to increase the shelter to prevent the basket fish from crowding in the small environment and causing agitation and speeding up the swimming.

Preferably, elastic stainless steel strips or clips are provided on the bait table for fixing the bait.

Preferably, the height of the fish feeding channel is 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the net cage.

Preferably, the bottom of the bottom box for water storage and fish storage includes a fixed plate and a movable plate, the fixed plate and the movable plate are connected by a hinge, and a first pull rope is provided on the movable plate, and the movable plate is The other end of the first pull cord extends through the interior of the mesh cage to above the top of the mesh cage.

Preferably, the hinge is an elastic hinge.

Preferably, the edge of the movable plate is provided with a sealing ring.

Preferably, the inner edge of the bottom box for water storage and fish storage is provided with parts for fixing prolifera, sargassum, gracilaria or sea grapes.

Preferably, the mesh cage is made of stainless steel, galvanized iron wire or wood.

Preferably, the adult wild yellow-spotted basketfish is caught from May to September when the water temperature is high, the bait is abundant, and the yellow-spotted basketfish is frequently baited.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the non-destructive catching method of the wild yellow-spotted basketfish, according to the living habit, morphological structure, feeding and behavior characteristics of the yellow-spotted basketfish, the selection of the sea area for catching, the making of the catching device, the catching season and the The selection of time, the transportation of live fish and other technical steps ensure that the macular basket fish does not leave the water during the entire catching process, reducing the stress response caused by catching, and avoiding crowding and stabbing each other. The method can effectively solve the difficult problem of catching the current healthy wild yellow-spotted basketfish, provide robust broodstock for artificial breeding of yellow-spotted basketfish, and at the same time, provide healthy seed for the breeding of yellow-spotted basketfish, and finally improve its breeding efficiency.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without creative efforts.

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a non-destructive catching device for wild yellow-spotted basketfish in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view structure schematic diagram of water storage fish bottom box;

Description of reference numbers:

label name label name 110 net cage 111 fish channel 120 Water storage fish bottom box 121 fixed plate 122 activity board 123 hinge 124 sealing ring 130 bait table 131 clip 140 first drawstring 141 pull tab 150 Second drawstring

The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relationship between various components under a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). The relative positional relationship, the movement situation, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization by those of ordinary skill in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of such technical solutions does not exists, and it is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a non-destructive catching method for wild macular basket fish.

1 and 2, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a non-destructive catching device in a non-destructive catching method for wild yellow-spotted basketfish of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a top-view structural schematic diagram of a bottom box for water storage and fish storage;

A non-destructive catching method for wild yellow-spotted basketfish, comprising the following steps:

(1) Selection of the capture sea area

Choose a shallow sea port; a semi-open sea area with a water depth of 5-15m, with natural shielding, and the sea area is flat.

Sediment texture and smooth flow of tidal seawater, current velocity of 20-50 cm/s, surface water temperature of 18-28 °C, dissolved oxygen above 6 mg/L, transparency of 0.5-1.5 m, pH 7.2-8.5; Abundant shallow harbours, like clusters, and mostly a single species of fish, likes to feed on the algae attached to the reef. The macular basket fish is omnivorous and partial to herbivorous. Because of the large number of feeding bait in the cage culture area in the shallow sea, the macular basket fish gathers outside the cage and grabs the bait that has passed through the cage. Therefore, it is preferable to catch wild The yellow-spotted basketfish is selected in shallow sea harbours with aquaculture cages;

(2) Selection of non-destructive capture device

The catching device includes a cylindrical net cage 110 with a closed top and a bottom opening. The bottom of the net cage 110 is connected to a water storage fish bottom box 120. The size and shape of the bottom opening of the net cage 110 are related to the water storage tank. The size and shape of the top opening of the fish bottom box 120 are the same. The net cage 110 is provided with a semi-elliptical fish inlet channel 111 that gradually decreases from the net body of the net cage 110 to the inside of the net cage 110. A food attracting table 130 is provided at the bottom of the fish feeding channel 111 .

Specifically, the shape of the mesh cage 110 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, but can also be a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube shape;

Specifically, the bait table 130 is provided with elastic stainless steel strips or clips 131 for fixing the bait.

Specifically, the bottom of the fish inlet channel 111 is located on the plane where the net cage 110 is connected with the water storage fish bottom box 120 . But it is not limited to this, and the fish feeding channel 111 can also be provided at other positions between the top and the bottom of the net cage 110 .

Specifically, the height of the fish inlet channel 111 is 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the net cage 110 .

Specifically, the bottom of the bottom box 120 for water storage and fish storage includes a fixed plate 121 and a movable plate 122, the fixed plate 121 and the movable plate 122 are connected by hinges 123, and a movable plate 122 is provided with a A first pulling rope 140 , the other end of which extends through the interior of the mesh cage 110 to above the top of the mesh cage 110 . The end of the first pull rope 140 extending above the top of the mesh cage 110 is connected to a pull ring 141, and the hole diameter of the pull ring 141 is larger than the mesh hole diameter of the mesh cage 110, so that the pull ring 141 is in the desired position. outside the net cage 110, so as to pull the first pull rope 140 to pull up the movable plate 122 at any time. The size ratio of the fixed plate 121 and the movable plate 122 is not limited to 1:1.

Specifically, the hinge 123 is an elastic hinge. This is to prevent the movable plate 122 from rushing out into the net cage 110 due to the surging seawater during the catching of the wild yellow-spotted basketfish, so as to prevent the caught basketfish from escaping.

Specifically, the edge of the movable plate 122 is provided with a sealing ring 124 . The sealing ring 124 can prevent the water in the fish bottom box 120 from leaking out after the net cage 110 is pulled out of the water surface.

Specifically, the inner edge of the bottom box 120 for water storage and fish storage is provided with parts (not shown in the figure) for fixing prolifera, sargassum, gracilaria or sea grapes. This part can be a hook or a rope, or several nylon ropes can be interlaced in the bottom box 120 for water storage and fish storage, and use an iron core cable tie to fix the prolifera, sargassum, gracilaria or sea grapes on the nylon rope ; Arranging prolifera, sargassum, gracilaria or sea grapes in the bottom box 120 for water storage and fish storage can increase the natural shelter in the bottom box and reduce the stress of caught basket fish.

Specifically, the color of the water storage fish bottom box 120 is black, brown, gray or dark blue, so as to reduce the stress of light on the caught macular basket fish during the catching process.

Specifically, the mesh cage 110 is made of stainless steel, galvanized iron wire or wood. But not limited to this.

Specifically, at least two second pulling ropes 150 are evenly distributed on the top edge of the mesh cage 110 to fix and suspend the mesh cage 110 in the water; preferably, three second pulling ropes 150 are provided. The mesh cage 110 is typically secured to the outer frame of the marine cage.

(3) Selection of capture season and time

The wild yellow-spotted basketfish fry on the coast of South China are caught from May to July; the wild yellow-spotted basketfish adult fish is caught all year round; the wild yellow-spotted basketfish broodstock is caught from January to March; the catch time is chosen when the water temperature is higher. Low, 17:00-20:00 or 5:00-7:00 in the morning with low light;

The breeding season of wild yellow-spotted basketfish on the coast of South China is from March to May, so the fry can be caught in May-July. Fish feed frequently and are easier to catch; broodstock of wild yellow-spotted basketfish can be caught from January to March, because wild yellow-spotted basketfish is in the fattening and spawning period in this season, and the broodstock have a lot of food and activities, and are easy to catch.

The catching time was chosen at 17:00-20:00 or 5:00-7:00 in the morning, because the water temperature was lower and the light was darker at this time, and the stress response of the yellow-spotted basketfish was relatively small.

(4) Transportation of live fish

Putting the catching device described in the above step (2) into a shallow sea harbour, after catching the wild macula serrata without damage, temporarily raising the wild macula rubra in a small cage, and covering the cage with a dark cover net, Cover the work of the personnel, and evenly hang the prolifera, sargassum, gracilaria or sea grapes in the cage with ropes under the cover net, increase the cover, and prevent the basket fish from crowding in the small environment and causing agitation and speeding up. Swimming; using fishing boats to drag the temporary cage to the shore pier, and use a fishing net composed of a permeable fishing net layer on the upper layer and an impermeable plastic layer on the lower layer to divide the macular basket fish temporarily held in the cage in small amounts and multiple times. The live fish transporter is collected in batches, and a dark cover net is placed on the transport tank of the live fish transporter transformed into a temporary cage similar to the temporary cage to block the personnel from working. The algae, gracilaria or sea grapes are evenly hung in the transport tank to increase the shelter to prevent the basket fish from being crowded in the small environment and causing agitation and speeding up the swimming.

The non-destructive catching method of the wild macular basket fish of the present invention, according to the living habit, morphological structure, feeding and behavior characteristics of the macular basket fish, comprehensively selects the sea area for catching, the making of the catching device, the selection of the catching season and time, and the selection of the live fish. The technical steps such as transportation make the macular basket fish not leave the water during the whole catching process, reduce the stress response caused by catching, and at the same time avoid the situation of being crowded and stabbing each other. The method can effectively solve the problem that the current healthy wild yellow-spotted basketfish is difficult to catch, provide robust broodstock for artificial breeding of yellow-spotted basketfish, and at the same time, provide healthy seedlings for the breeding of yellow-spotted basketfish, and finally improve its breeding efficiency.

The realization process of the catching device in the catching method is as follows: before placing the net cage 110 in the sea to catch the wild yellow-spotted basket fish, the bait is first fixed on the bait table 130 on the shore or on the boat, and the bottom of the fish bottom box 120 is stored through the water storage. The opening of the movable plate 122 is to hang macroalgae, such as prolifera, gracilaria, sargassum, etc., in the mesh cage 110, and the movable plate 122 is closed. Lift the entire net cage 110 with the second pull rope 150, place it in the sea, fix the second pull rope 150 around the floating body, the cage frame or the hull of the sea, so that the net cage 110 is suspended in the water, adjust the second pull rope 150, The net cage 110 is suspended in a certain water depth, and the macular basket fish in the sea is attracted by the bait, and naturally swims into the net cage 110 from the fish inlet channel 111. Because the design of the fish inlet channel 111 is wide outside and narrow in the inside, when the macular basket fish is After swimming into the net cage 110, you will not be able to turn around and swim out. After a certain period of time, after the net cage 110 has trapped a certain number of yellow-spotted basket fish, the second pull rope 150 is pulled to lift the net cage 110 up. The caught yellow-spotted basket fish will be concentrated in the water storage fish bottom box 120, and will not leave the water, and because the water storage fish bottom box 120 is made of dark opaque materials such as black and brown, and is covered with large algae as a shield. In the small environment of the water storage fish bottom box 120, the macular basket fish will not produce too much stress. After the net cage 110 is lifted out of the water to the target net box or pool, pull up the top The pull ring 141 pulls up the movable plate 122 at the bottom of the water storage fish bottom box 120 through the first pull rope 140, so that the basket fish in the water storage fish bottom box 120 flows into the target cage or pool together with the water , so as to complete the capture and transfer feeding operations of the macular basket fish without damage.

According to the above-mentioned capture method compared with the traditional capture method, the capture test results are as follows:

Description: The catch device in the traditional catch method of wild yellow-spotted basket fish lacks the water storage bottom box in the catch device of the present invention and the natural shelter in the bottom box to reduce the stress of the caught basket fish, such as prolifera , sargassum, gracilaria or sea grapes. During the capture process, the macular basketfish caught out of the water and crowded at the bottom of the net cage, resulting in a strong stress response for the yellow-spotted basketfish.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Under the inventive concept of the present invention, any equivalent structural transformations made by the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct/indirect application Other related technical fields are included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless to catch the method for grabbing, which comprises the following steps:

(1) selection for grabbing sea area is caught

Select Shallow sea bay；There is natural screening in the semi-open sea area of the 5-15m depth of water, and sea area topography is flat,

Silt quality and tide seawater flow unobstructed, 20 ~ 50 cm/s of ocean current flow velocity, and 18 ~ 28 DEG C of surface temperature, 6 mg/ of dissolved oxygen L or more, transparency 0.5 ~ 1.5 m, pH 7.2 ~ 8.5；

(2) lossless to catch the production for grabbing device

The cylindric cylinder mould for grabbing that device includes top closing bottom opening is caught, the cylinder mould bottom connects a water and stores up fish bottom Box, the size and shape of the cylinder mould bottom opening are consistent with the open-topped size of water storage fish back box and shape, institute State cylinder mould equipped with one from the dictyosome of the cylinder mould to the cylinder mould inside gradually smaller half elliptic into fish channel, it is described into Fish the bottom of the channel sets a food calling platform；

(3) selection for grabbing season and time is caught

The wild macula lutea basket fry kind of the South China coastal, which is caught, grabs selection in July in May-；Wild catching for macula lutea basket fish adult fish grabs choosing Whole year is selected to catch and grab；Wild macula lutea basket fish parent fish is selected in catch and grab March in January-；Catch, dark lower in water temperature of grabbing selection of time - 7 point of 17. -20 points or 5:00 AM；

(4) transport of live fish

To be caught described in above-mentioned steps (2) and grab device and be put into Shallow sea bay, it is lossless catch catch wild macula lutea basket fish after, by wild Huang Spot basket fish is temporarily supported in small-sized net cage, and a dark cover net is covered on net cage, shelters from personnel's operation, and in cover rope off the net Son uniformly hangs over Enteromorpha, sargassum, fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts or sea grape in net cage, increases veil, avoids basket fish crowded in subenvironment In stress and cause it is restless and accelerate travelling；With fishing boat by it is temporary support net cage be dragged to bank harbour, with upper layer be permeable fishing net layer, Lower layer is that the macula lutea basket fish temporarily supported in net cage is repeatedly reaped work by the landing-spoon of fluid-tight plastic layer composition in batches on a small quantity Fish transport vehicle, the covering one dark cover net on the transfer cask of live fish carrier for being transformed into similar temporarily feeding net cage, shelters from people Member's operation, and uniformly hung over Enteromorpha, sargassum, fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts or sea grape in transfer cask with rope cover is off the net, increase veil, Avoid basket fish it is crowded in subenvironment stress and cause it is restless and accelerate travelling.

2. wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless as described in claim 1 catches the method for grabbing, which is characterized in that selection is having aquaculture net cage The Shallow sea bay of distribution, which is used as to catch, grabs sea area.

3. wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless as claimed in claim 1 or 2 catches the method for grabbing, which is characterized in that on the food calling platform Equipped with elastic stainless steel item or clip to fixed bait.

4. wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless as claimed in claim 3 catches the method for grabbing, which is characterized in that the height into fish channel Degree is the 1/3 to 1/2 of the cylinder mould height.

5. wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless as described in claim 1 catches the method for grabbing, which is characterized in that the water stores up fish back box Bottom include a fixed plate and a movable plate, the fixed plate is connected by hinge with the movable plate, on the movable plate Equipped with one first drawstring, the first drawstring other end passes through the cylinder mould internal stretch to the cylinder mould over top.

6. wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless as claimed in claim 5 catches the method for grabbing, which is characterized in that the hinge is that elasticity is closed Page.

7. catching the method for grabbing as wild macula lutea basket fish described in claim 5 or 6 is lossless, which is characterized in that the activity edges of boards Edge is equipped with sealing ring.

8. wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless as described in claim 1 catches the method for grabbing, which is characterized in that the water stores up fish back box Internal edge is equipped with the component of fixed Enteromorpha, sargassum, fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts or sea grape.

9. wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless as described in claim 1 catches the method for grabbing, which is characterized in that the cylinder mould material is not Become rusty steel, galvanized wire or wooden.

10. wild macula lutea basket fish is lossless as described in claim 1 catches the method for grabbing, which is characterized in that wild macula lutea basket fish Catching for adult fish grabs selection in water temperature height, and bait is abundant, the frequent September in May-of macula lutea basket fish forage.