CN113072609B - 三萜类化合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及三萜类化合物及其制备方法和用途,具体涉及7个三萜类化合物及其盐、异构体及其制备方法和在制备预防或治疗神经退行性疾病药物领域中的应用,所述化合物的通式如下:其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6如权利要求和说明书所述。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及文冠果中的三萜类化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia)又名木瓜、文登阁、崖木瓜等。主要分布东北、华北等地。
文冠果种仁民间多用于治疗小儿遗尿症,疗效显著。现代药理研究表明:文冠果中的化学成分具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤、治疗遗尿症、抑制HIV蛋白酶、改善学习记忆等多方面生物活性。其中三萜及其苷类成分为其改善记忆及神经保护活性的主要活性成分。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一系列三萜类化合物及其制备方法和医药用途。
本发明提供了三萜类化合物或其盐、异构体,其具有如下结构:
R1代表
R2代表氢、异丙酰基、当归酰基;
R3和R4代表氢或羟基;
R5代表氢或葡萄糖醛酸甲酯;
R6代表氢或异丙酰基;
本发明具体公开了如下7个具体化合物:
本发明还提供了所述三萜类化合物1-7的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia)的种皮用60%~95%乙醇加热回流提取1~3次,回收提取液得粗提物;
(2)步骤(1)所得粗提物经水溶解后,采用大孔吸附树脂法进行分离,依次采用纯水、10%~95%乙醇洗脱,得到不同极性洗脱物;
(3)上述步骤(2)中所得60%~95%洗脱物采用硅胶柱色谱法分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯混合溶剂100:1~1:1、石油醚和丙酮混合溶剂100:1~1:1、氯仿和丙酮混合溶剂100:1~100:10、二氯甲烷和丙酮混合溶剂100:1~100:10、氯仿和甲醇混合溶剂100:1~100:10、二氯甲烷和甲醇混合溶剂100:1~100:10梯度洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中各溶剂系统所得100:1~100:25混合比例流分经ODS柱色谱分离,以甲醇和水混合溶剂,或以乙腈和水混合溶剂为流动相梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇和水3:7~9:1、乙腈和水1:9~7:3洗脱物经制备型HPLC-UV进一步分离,以甲醇和水混合溶剂4:6~9:1,或以乙腈和水2:8~8:2混合溶剂为流动相梯度洗脱,得到化合物1-7;
本发明提供的所述三萜类化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(1)中所述提取方法为加热回流乙醇提取或加热超声提取1~3次,所用溶剂为60%~95%的乙醇,优选75%~95%乙醇。药材:溶剂的重量体积比为1:5~1:20g/mL,优选1:10~1:15。
本发明提供的所述三萜类化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(2)中所述的大孔吸附树脂分离法,采用水溶解粗提物,采用纯水、10%~95%乙醇依次洗脱,优先采用60%~95%的乙醇洗脱,减压回收以上有机溶剂。
本发明提供的所述三萜类化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(3)中所述洗脱溶剂石油醚和乙酸乙酯混合溶剂、石油醚和丙酮混合溶剂的体积比例为100:1~1:1,优选100:4~5:1;二氯甲烷和丙酮混合溶剂、氯仿和丙酮混合溶剂、二氯甲烷和甲醇混合溶剂、或氯仿和甲醇的混合溶剂的体积比例为100:1~100:10,优选100:1~100:6。
本发明提供的所述三萜类化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(4)中所述甲醇和水混合溶剂的体积比例为3:7~9:1,优选6:4~9:1;乙腈和水混合溶剂的体积比例为1:9~7:3,优选4:6~6:4。
本发明提供的所述三萜类化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(5)所述的甲醇和水混合溶剂、乙腈和水混合溶剂,其中甲醇和水混合溶剂的体积比例为:4:6~9:1,优选6:4~8:2;乙腈和水混合溶剂的体积比例为2:8~8:2,优选4:6~6:4。
本发明以LPS诱导BV2小胶质细胞过度活化模型,对制备得到的三萜类化合物1-7的抗神经炎症活性进行了评价。结果显示,新化合物1-7能够抑制LPS诱导的过度活化的BV2小胶质细胞NO的释放,表现出中等强度的抗神经炎症活性。因此,本发明中制备的三萜类化合物可在开发治疗神经退行性疾病药物方面应用。
本发明首次提供了以文冠果种皮为原料,制备、鉴定7个新三萜类化合物的方法,并系统评价了其神经保护方面的活性,阐明了其在开发和治疗神经退行性疾病药物方面的应用。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例将对本发明予以进一步的说明,但并不因此限制本发明。
实施例1
(1)文冠果种皮20kg用60%乙醇提取3次,每次2小时(用量为250L),减压回收提取液得粗提物2.0kg;
(2)上述步骤(1)所得60%乙醇粗提物用D101大孔吸附树脂进行富集,采用30%、50%、70%、95%乙醇洗脱,收集50%-70%乙醇洗脱物175.0g;
(3)步骤(2)中60%-70%乙醇洗脱物经硅胶柱色谱分离,依次以石油醚和乙酸乙酯混合溶剂100:1,100:3,100:8,100:10,1:1洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得的石油醚和乙酸乙酯100:3-100:10流分经ODS色谱,用30:70,40:60,50:50,70:30,90:10甲醇-水的混合溶剂梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(60:40~90:10)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离制备,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,流动相为甲醇:水=70:30,得到1(tR=40min)(收率为0.0001%)、2(tR=28min)(收率为0.00005%)、3(tR=43min)(收率为0.00003%);
(6)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(50:50~90:10)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,以60:40甲醇-水的混合溶剂为流动相,4(tR=35min)(收率为0.0004%)、5(tR=40min)(收率为0.0001%)、6(tR=39min)(收率为0.0007%)、7(tR=41min)(收率为0.0002%)。
根据化合物1-7的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定了其结构。
化合物1的结构鉴定数据如下:
白色粉末(甲醇),HRESI-MS给出准分子离子峰[M-H]-m/z:685.4316(calcd.685.4340for C40H61O9),可推断其分子式为C40H62O9。1H-NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)给出7个特征的甲基信号:δH 0.67(Me-24),0.80(Me-29),0.88(Me-25),0.89(Me-26),0.89(Me-23),1.00(Me-30),1.30(Me-27);齐墩果烷型三萜C-12位特征氢信号:δH 5.37(1H,br s,H-12);21,22位反式偶合质子信号:δH 5.54(1H,d,J=10.1Hz,H-22),5.79(1H,d,J=10.1Hz,H-21);1组当归酰基特征的质子信号:δH 1.78(3H,br s),1.90(3H,br d,J=7.3Hz),6.10(1H,br q,J=7.3Hz);13C-NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6):共给出40个碳信号,其中7个甲基信号:δC15.5(Me-25),16.1(Me-24),17.0(Me-26),19.4(Me-30),20.3(Me-27),28.2(Me-23),29.1(Me-29);6个三萜母核上连氧碳信号:δC 62.1(C-28),66.3(C-15),71.5(C-22),72.9(C-16),76.8(C-3),79.8(C-21);齐墩果烷型三萜C-12,13位双键特征碳信号:δC 124.6(C-12),142.5(C-13);1组当归酰基特征碳信号:δC 15.5,20.4,127.6,138.4,166.1;1组环氧当归酰基碳信号:δC 13.1,19.2,58.8,59.3,168.7;HMBC谱观测到δH 5.73(H-21)与δC 19.4(C-30),29.1(C-29),35.4(C-20),71.5(C-22),168.7相关,确定21位连有羰基;δH 5.54与δC166.1观测到远程相关,确定当归酰基连在22位;δH 1.42与δC 168.7,59.3相关,δH 1.05与δC 58.8相关;确定当归酰基的双键环氧化为2,3-环氧化-2-甲基-丁酰基的结构片段,即2,3-环氧化当归酰基。综上鉴定该化合物1为21-O-epoxyangeloyl-22-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol。
化合物2的结构鉴定数据如下:
白色粉末(甲醇),HRESI-MS给出准分子离子峰[M+Na]+m/z:727.4417(calcd.727.4397for C40H64NaO10),可知其分子式为C40H64O10。1H-NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)高场区给出7个特征的甲基信号:δH 0.67(Me-24),0.78(Me-29),0.88(Me-25),0.90(Me-26),0.90(Me-23),0.98(Me-30),1.30(Me-27);齐墩果烷型三萜C-12烯氢信号:δH 5.37(1H,brs,H-12);21,22位反式偶合质子信号:δH 5.52(1H,d,J=10.1Hz,H-22),5.73(1H,d,J=10.1Hz,H-21);1组当归酰基特征的质子信号:δH 1.79(3H,br s,H-5'),1.90(3H,br d,J=7.1Hz,H-4'),6.02(1H,br q,J=7.1Hz,H-3');13C-NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6):共给出40个碳信号,其中7个甲基信号:δC 15.5(Me-25),16.1(Me-24),17.0(Me-26),19.4(Me-30),20.3(Me-27),28.2(Me-23),29.1(Me-29);6个三萜母核上连氧碳信号:δC 62.1(C-28),66.4(C-15),71.5(C-21),72.9(C-16),76.8(C-3),79.8(C-21);还有2个连氧碳信号δC 70.5,77.4,确定当归酰基的双键氧化为羟基;齐墩果烷型三萜C-12,13位双键特征碳信号:δC 124.5(C-12),142.6(C-13)。HMBC中,δH 5.79(H-21)与δC 19.4,29.1,35.4,71.4,174.5相关,确定21位连有羰基;δH 5.54(H-22)与δC 166.5相关,确定当归酰基连在22位。综上鉴定该化合物2为:21-O-(2',3'-dihydroxy)-dimethylbutyryl-22-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol。
化合物3的结构鉴定数据如下:
白色粉末(甲醇),HRESI-MS给出准分子离子峰[M+Na]+m/z:681.4322(calcd.681.4342for C39H62NaO8),所以分子式确定为C39H62O8。1H-NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)高场区给出7个特征的甲基信号:δH 0.67(3H,s,Me-24),0.77(3H,s,Me-29),0.87(3H,s,Me-25),0.90(6H,s,Me-23,26),0.95(3H,s,Me-30),1.28(3H,s,Me-27);齐墩果烷型三萜12位特征烯氢信号:δH 5.29(1H,br s,H-12);21,22位反式偶合质子信号:3.77(1H,d,J=10.0Hz,H-22),5.56(1H,d,J=10.0Hz,H-21);1组当归酰基信号:δH 1.86(3H,br s,),1.91(3H,br d,J=7.0Hz),6.01(1H,br q,J=7.0Hz);13C-NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6):共给出39个碳信号,其中7个甲基信号:δC 15.4(Me-25),16.1(Me-24),17.0(Me-26),19.6(Me-30),20.2(Me-27),28.3(Me-23),29.3(Me-29);6个三萜母核上连氧碳信号:δC 63.9(C-28),66.4(C-15),69.1(C-22),71.3(C-16),76.8(C-3),79.7(C-21);齐墩果烷型三萜C-12,13位双键特征碳信号:δC 124.5(C-12),142.5(C-13);1组当归酰基信号:δC 15.4,20.6,128.6,135.3,167.3。HMBC谱可以观测到δH 5.57(H-21)与δC 19.6,29.3,35.2,69.1,167.3相关,确定当归酰基连在21位;由δH 3.65,3.80(H-28)与δC 175.6位相关,确定2-methylpropanyl连在C-28位。综上鉴定化合物3为28-dimethylpropanyl-21-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol。
化合物4的结构鉴定数据如下:
白色针晶(甲醇),HRESI-MS给出准分子离子峰[M-H]-m/z:777.4445(calcd.777.4425for C42H65O13),可推断其分子式为C42H66O13。1H-NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)给出7个特征的甲基信号以及12位特征烯氢信号:δH 5.35(1H,br s,H-12);21,22位反式偶合质子信号:3.88(1H,d,J=9.9Hz,H-22),5.52(1H,d,J=9.9Hz,H-21);1组当归酰基信号:δH1.86(3H,br s),1.91(3H,br d,J=7.1Hz),6.00(1H,br q,J=7.1Hz);低场区给出1个糖端基氢信号:δH 4.29(1H,d,J=7.8Hz);1个甲氧基信号δH 3.66(3H,br s,-OCH3)。13C-NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6):共给出42个碳信号,其中7个甲基信号:δC 15.4(Me-25),16.5(Me-24),17.0(Me-26),19.7(Me-30),20.2(Me-27),27.5(Me-23),29.4(Me-29);6个三萜母核上连氧碳信号:δC 62.6(C-28),66.3(C-15),69.7(C-16),71.8(C-22),76.8(C-21),80.3(C-3);齐墩果烷型三萜C-12,13位双键特征碳信号:δC 123.9(C-12),143.3(C-13);1组当归酰基信号:δC 15.5,20.6,128.6,135.3,167.4;1个糖端基碳信号:δC 105.5;一个甲氧基信号δC51.9(-OCH3);HMBC中,观测到δH5.52(H-21)与δC 19.7,29.4,35.3,69.7,167.5相关,确定当归酰基连在21位;由δH 4.29与δC 88.1(C-3)相关,确定3位连有糖基;δH 3.66(-OCH3)与δC169.7)观测到远程相关,提示羧基成酯;综合以上波谱数据分析,综上鉴定该化合物4为3-(6-O-methyl)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol。
化合物5的结构鉴定数据如下:
白色粉末(甲醇),HRESI-MS给出准分子离子峰[M+Na]+m/z:871.4838(calcd.871.4820for C46H72NaO14);HRESI-MS给出准分子离子峰[M-H]-m/z:847.4861(calcd.847.4844for C46H71O14);可推断其分子式为C46H72O14。1H-NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)高场区给出7个特征的甲基信号:δH 0.75(Me-24),0.77(Me-29),0.88(Me-25),0.89(Me-26),0.97(Me-23,30),1.30(Me-27);齐墩果烷型三萜12位特征烯氢信号:δH 5.35(1H,br s,H-12);21,22位反式偶合质子信号:δH 5.44(1H,d,J=10.0Hz,H-22),5.70(1H,d,J=10.0Hz,H-21);1组当归酰基信号:δH 1.76(3H,br s),1.88(3H,br d,J=7.1Hz),6.07(1H,br q,J=7.1Hz);低场区给出1个糖端基氢信号:δH 4.29(1H,d,J=7.7Hz);13C-NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6):共给出46个碳信号,其中7个甲基信号:δC 15.5(Me-23),16.5(Me-24),17.0(Me-26),19.6(Me-30),20.3(Me-27),27.5(Me-23),29.0(Me-29);6个三萜母核上连氧碳信号:δC62.3(C-28),66.2(C-15),71.9(C-21),72.2(C-16),77.6(C-22),88.1(C-3);齐墩果烷型三萜C-12,13位双键特征碳信号:δC 124.4(C-12),142.6(C-13);1组当归酰基信号:δC 15.4,20.6,128.6,135.3,167.3;1个糖端基碳信号:δC 105.5;HMBC谱中,可以观测到δH 5.77与δC19.6,29.0,35.4,71.9,166.4相关,确定当归酰基连在21位;由δH 0.96(H-4”),1.00(H-3”),2.36(H-2”)与δC 175.4(C-1”)相关,提示此取代基为2-methylpropanyl;由δH 5.44(H-22)与δC 175.4(C-1”)相关,确定2-methylpropanyl连在22位,δH 4.29与δC 88.1(C-3)观测到远程相关,确定糖连接在C-3位。δH 3.66(-OCH3)与δC 169.7观测到远程相关,提示羧基成酯;综上鉴定该化合物5为(6-O-methyl)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21-O-angeloy-22-dimethylpropanyl-R1-barrigenol。
化合物6的结构鉴定数据如下:
白色粉末(甲醇),HRESI-MS给出准分子离子峰[M+Na]+m/z:883.4843(calcd.883.4820for C47H72NaO14),可知其分子式为C47H72O14。1H-NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)高场区给出7个特征的甲基信号:δH 0.75(Me-24),0.78(Me-29),0.89(Me-25),0.90(Me-26),0.97(Me-23),0.99(Me-30),1.30(Me-27);一个甲氧基的氢信号:δH 3.66(3H,s,-OCH3);齐墩果烷型三萜12位烯氢信号:δH 5.36(1H,br s,H-12);21,22位反式偶合质子信号:δH 5.54(1H,d,J=10.1Hz,H-22),5.81(1H,d,J=10.1Hz,H-21);2组当归酰基特征的质子信号,δH1.76(3H,br s),1.85(3H,br d,J=7.1Hz),5.94(1H,br q,J=7.1Hz)及δH 1.76(3H,brs),1.81(3H,br d,J=7.1Hz,),6.01(1H,br q,J=7.1Hz)。低场区给出1个糖端基氢信号:δH 4.29(1H,d,J=7.8Hz),由偶合常数可知糖的端基氢为β构型;13C-NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6):共给出57个碳信号,其中7个甲基信号:δC 15.5(Me-25),16.5(Me-24),17.0(Me-26),19.5(Me-30),20.3(Me-27),27.5(Me-23),29.0(Me-29);一个甲氧基的碳信号:δC 51.8(-OCH3);6个三萜母核上连氧碳信号:δC 62.1(C-28),66.3(C-15),71.9(C-21),72.8(C-16),77.9(C-22),88.1(C-3);齐墩果烷型三萜C-12,13位双键特征碳信号:δC 124.5(C-12),142.6(C-13);2组当归酰基碳信号:δC 15.3,20.3,127.8,136.7,166.5和δC 15.2,20.3,135.7,128.2,166.6;1个糖端基碳信号:δC 105.5。HMBC谱中δH 5.81(H-21)与δC 19.5,29.0,35.4,71.9,166.5相关,确定当归酰基连在21位;δH 5.54(H-22)与δC 166.6相关,确定另外一个当归酰基连在22位;由δH 4.29与δC 88.1(C-3)相关,提示3位连有糖基;由δH 3.66(-OCH3)与δC 169.7相关,提示羧基成酯;综上鉴定该化合物6为3-(6-O-methyl)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21,22-di-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol。
化合物7的结构鉴定数据如下:
白色粉末,HRESI-MS给出准分子离子峰[M+Na]+m/z:1013.5473(calcd1013.5450for C53H82NaO17);可确定分子式是:C53H82O17。1H-NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)高场区给出7个特征的甲基信号以及12位特征烯氢信号:δH 5.20;低场区给出2个糖端基氢信号:δH4.29(1H,d,J=7.7Hz),4.40(1H,d,J=7.7Hz)且高场区给出甲基双峰信号:δH 1.04(3H,d,J=6.3Hz),推测结构中有甲基五碳糖基片段;此外,还给出21,22位反式偶合质子信号:δH3.75(1H,d,J=9.4Hz,H-22),4.03(1H,d,J=9.4Hz,H-21)以及两组当归酰基信号,还有一个甲氧基信号δH3.66(3H,s,-OCH3);13C-NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)共给出53个碳信号。HMBC谱中,δH 4.40与δC 90.7(C-21),δH 4.03(H-21)与δC 104.4有远程相关,确定糖基连在C-21位;由δH 3.07(H-3)与δC 105.5远程相关,确定C-3位也连有糖基;由δH 3.66(-OCH3)与δC169.7相关,提示羧基成酯;综上鉴定该化合物7为3-(6-O-methyl)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21-O-(3,4-di-O-angeloyl)-β-D-fucopyranosyl barrigenol C。
表1.化合物1-7的1H NMR数据(DMSO-d6)
表2.化合物1-7的13C NMR数据(DMSO-d6)
实施例2
(1)文冠果种皮10kg用75%乙醇提取1次,(用量为50L),减压回收提取液得粗提物0.75kg;
(2)上述步骤(1)所得75%乙醇粗提物用D101大孔吸附树脂进行富集,采用30%、50%、70%、95%乙醇洗脱,收集60%-95%乙醇洗脱物100.5g;
(3)步骤(2)中50%-70%乙醇洗脱物经硅胶柱色谱分离,依次以石油醚和丙酮混合溶剂100:1,100:3,100:8,100:10,1:1洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得的石油醚和丙酮100:3-100:10流分经ODS色谱,用10:90,20:80,30:70,70:30,90:10乙腈-水的混合溶剂梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得乙腈-水(40:60~60:40)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离制备,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,流动相为甲醇:水=20:80,得到1(tR=30min)(收率为0.00011%)、2(tR=21min)(收率为0.00003%)、3(tR=32min)(收率为0.00004%);
(6)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(40:60~60:40)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,以60:40甲醇-水的混合溶剂为流动相,4(tR=34min)(收率为0.0003%)、5(tR=41min)(收率为0.0002%)、6(tR=38min)(收率为0.0006%)、7(tR=41min)(收率为0.0001%)。
化合物结构鉴定见实例1
实施例3
(1)文冠果种皮10kg用95%乙醇提取2次,(每次用量为200L),减压回收提取液得粗提物1.12kg;
(2)上述步骤(1)所得95%乙醇粗提物用D101大孔吸附树脂进行富集,采用30%、50%、70%、95%乙醇洗脱,收集60%-95%乙醇洗脱物122.5g;
(3)步骤(2)中40%-95%乙醇洗脱物经硅胶柱色谱分离,依次以氯仿和丙酮混合溶剂100:1,100:3,100:5,100:8,1:1洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得的氯仿和丙酮100:3-100:8流分经ODS色谱,用30:70,40:60,50:50,70:30,90:10甲醇-水的混合溶剂梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(30:60~70:30)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离制备,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,流动相为乙腈:水=60:40,得到1(tR=28min)(收率为0.00011%)、2(tR=18min)(收率为0.00003%)、3(tR=31min)(收率为0.00004%);
(6)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(30:60~70:30)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,以40:60乙腈-水的混合溶剂为流动相,4(tR=52min)(收率为0.0003%)、5(tR=61min)(收率为0.0002%)、6(tR=57min)(收率为0.0006%)、7(tR=61min)(收率为0.0001%)。
化合物结构鉴定见实例1
实施例4
(1)文冠果种皮10kg用75%乙醇提取1次,(用量为50L),减压回收提取液得粗提物0.75kg;
(2)上述步骤(1)所得95%乙醇粗提物用D101大孔吸附树脂进行富集,采用30%、50%、70%、95%乙醇洗脱,收集60%-95%乙醇洗脱物122.0g;
(3)步骤(2)中40%-95%乙醇洗脱物经硅胶柱色谱分离,依次以二氯甲烷和丙酮合溶剂100:1,100:3,100:5,100:7,1:1洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得的二氯甲烷和丙酮100:3-100:7流分经ODS色谱,用30:70,40:60,50:50,70:30,90:10甲醇-水的混合溶剂梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(30:60~70:30)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离制备,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,流动相为乙腈:水=55:45,得到1(tR=24min)(收率为0.00012%)、2(tR=15min)(收率为0.00003%)、3(tR=27min)(收率为0.00005%);
(6)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(30:60~70:30)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,以40:60乙腈-水的混合溶剂为流动相,4(tR=52min)(收率为0.0003%)、5(tR=61min)(收率为0.0002%)、6(tR=57min)(收率为0.0006%)、7(tR=61min)(收率为0.0001%)。
化合物结构鉴定见实例1
实施例5
(1)文冠果种皮20kg用75%乙醇提取1次,(用量为100L),减压回收提取液得粗提物1.5kg;
(2)上述步骤(1)所得95%乙醇粗提物用D101大孔吸附树脂进行富集,采用30%、50%、70%、95%乙醇洗脱,收集60%-95%乙醇洗脱物250.0g;
(3)步骤(2)中40%-95%乙醇洗脱物经硅胶柱色谱分离,依次以氯仿和甲醇合溶剂100:1,100:3,100:5,100:7,1:1洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得的氯仿和甲醇100:3-100:7流分经ODS色谱,用30:70,40:60,50:50,70:30,90:10甲醇-水的混合溶剂梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(30:60~70:30)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离制备,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,流动相为乙腈:水=55:45,得到1(tR=23min)(收率为0.00011%)、2(tR=15min)(收率为0.00003%)、3(tR=27min)(收率为0.00005%);
(6)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(30:60~70:30)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,以40:60乙腈-水的混合溶剂为流动相,4(tR=52min)(收率为0.0002%)、5(tR=61min)(收率为0.0004%)、6(tR=57min)(收率为0.0005%)、7(tR=69min)(收率为0.0002%)。
化合物结构鉴定见实例1
实施例6
(1)文冠果种皮20kg用95%乙醇提取2次,(每次100L),减压回收提取液得粗提物1.4kg;
(2)上述步骤(1)所得95%乙醇粗提物用D101大孔吸附树脂进行富集,采用30%、50%、70%、95%乙醇洗脱,收集60%-95%乙醇洗脱物250.0g;
(3)步骤(2)中40%-95%乙醇洗脱物经硅胶柱色谱分离,依次以二氯甲烷和甲醇合溶剂100:1,100:3,100:5,100:7,1:1洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得的二氯甲烷和甲醇100:3-100:7流分经ODS色谱,用30:70,40:60,50:50,70:30,90:10甲醇-水的混合溶剂梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(30:60~70:30)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离制备,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,流动相为乙腈:水=55:45,得到1(tR=24min)(收率为0.00011%)、2(tR=15min)(收率为0.00003%)、3(tR=27min)(收率为0.00005%);
(6)上述步骤(4)中所得甲醇-水(30:60~70:30)流分经HPLC-UV色谱分离,210nm检测,流速为4mL/min,以40:60乙腈-水的混合溶剂为流动相,4(tR=54min)(收率为0.0002%)、5(tR=65min)(收率为0.0004%)、6(tR=59min)(收率为0.0005%)、7(tR=68min)(收率为0.0002%)。
化合物结构鉴定见实例1
实施例7实例1-6中制备三萜类化合物1-7的抗神经炎症活性测试
(1)实验原理:小胶质细胞活化介导的慢性炎症反应是神经退行性疾病的发生、发展过程中的重要环节,抑制小胶质细胞的激活可能成为药物发现的一个新的靶点。LPS激活小胶质细胞释放NO、促炎症细胞因子和活性氧等。本实验通过建立体外LPS激活BV2小胶质细胞异常活化的筛选模型,以激活小胶质细胞释放NO为指标,评价新三萜类1-7抗炎活性。
(2)实验方法:
①小鼠小胶质细胞系BV2的培养
细胞培养和模型建立中使用的所有玻璃器皿及金属器械(培养瓶,移液管,溶液瓶等),均经过121℃高压灭菌30min,以彻底去除污染的LPS。以DMEM培养基作为基础配制成内含10%胎牛血清及50μM 2-巯基乙醇的细胞培养液。小胶质细胞以约4×105cells/ml的浓度在5%CO2,37℃培养瓶中传代培养,至第三天贴壁细胞约占培养瓶底面积50-60%,以胰酶消化贴壁细胞,传代至另一培养瓶。以-80℃超低温冰箱冻存复苏后的BV2作为第一代,选择第3-8代BV2细胞进行实验。
②药物配制方法
测试化合物均为粉末状,用DMSO溶解。配成母液,浓度为50mM,储存于-20℃。临用时用DMEM培养液将其进行稀释,依次稀释为100μM、30μM、10μM、1μM。DMSO终浓度<1‰。
③Griess法检测化合物对LPS激活小胶质细胞的抑制作用
取对数生长期的BV2小胶质细胞,用含5%胎牛血清的新鲜DMEM培养基将细胞密度调至3×105cells/ml,接种于96孔板内,100μl/well,于37℃,5%CO2的培养箱内培养。细胞贴壁培养24h后换成无血清的新鲜培养液,同时进行加药处理。每种化合物设剂量1、10、30、100μM与LPS共同作用。同时设空白对照。各给药组中LPS终浓度为100ng/ml。细胞加药后继续培养24h后,收集上清液,Griess比色法检测上清液中NO2-含量。
④MTT法检测化合物对小胶质细胞细胞成活率的影响
取对数生长期培养的BV2小胶质细胞,用含5%胎牛血清的新鲜DMEM培养基将细胞密度调至3×105cells/ml,接种于96孔板内,100μl/well,于37℃,5%CO2的培养箱内培养。细胞贴壁培养24h后换成新鲜培养液,同时进行加药处理。每种化合物设剂量1、10、30、100μM与LPS共同作用。同时设空白对照。各给药组中LPS终浓度为100ng/ml。细胞加药后继续培养24h,然后向细胞液中加入MTT溶液,10μl/well,将细胞与0.25mg/ml MTT于37℃下共同孵育3h,吸除培养液,然后加入100μl的DMSO溶液,测定其光密度OD值。数据处理,利用酶标仪相应软件进行数据处理,计算每一种样品6个孔OD值的平均值,利用平均值按如下公式计算细胞成活率(cell viability,CV%)。
细胞成活率%=样品组OD值的平均值/空白对照组OD值的平均值×100%
⑤统计方法
全部资料采用SPSS(13.0)统计软件包进行检验分析。结果用平均值±标准误表示,评价整体性差异,组间均数采用One-Way ANOVA分析法进行方差齐性分析,并结合Dunnett’s test分析方法进行组间比较。多样本方差齐性检验采用Levene检验,当p>0.05,方差是齐的,采用Dunnett’s双侧T检验多组间均数的差异,当p<0.05,方差不齐,采用Dunnett T3检验多组间均数的差异。
⑥IC50的计算方法
将各剂量和抑制率等参数用非线性回归拟合计算IC50。
(3)实验结果:见表3
表3三萜类化合物1-7抑制小胶质细胞活化作用实验结果
显著性:*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001与LPS诱导组相比;###P<0.001与对照组相比。
结果可知,实施例1-6中制备得到的新颖三萜类化合物1-7(100μM)能够显著的抑制LPS诱导的过度活化的BV2小胶质细胞NO的释放。
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