CN113045484B - 一种2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- KPHKAWAASZNKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CN1CCC(C(C)(N)CO)CC1 KPHKAWAASZNKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 7
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylbutane-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(C(=O)C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 1-methyl-4-piperidyl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HNVBBNZWMSTMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-acetylpiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(=O)C1CCN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC1 HNVBBNZWMSTMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cycloundecyl-1,5-diazacycloundec-5-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCC(CCCC1)N1CCCCCC=NCCC1 VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyllithium Chemical compound C[Li] DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([Na])[Si](C)(C)C WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 8
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- LLSKXGRDUPMXLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpiperidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLSKXGRDUPMXLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBUHTTJGQKIBMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-5-amine Chemical compound CC1=NC=NC(C)=C1N NBUHTTJGQKIBMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940121954 Opioid receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009509 drug development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003878 haloperidol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940051129 meperidine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003402 opiate agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940051803 opioid analgesics phenylpiperidine derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012450 pharmaceutical intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCZDHTKJGDCTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC MCZDHTKJGDCTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000016686 tic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种2‑氨基‑2‑(1‑甲基‑4‑哌啶基)丙烷‑1‑醇的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将4‑乙酰基‑哌啶‑1‑羧酸叔丁酯(化合物II)在碱1作用下与氯仿反应生成化合物III;化合物III溶于醇中,在碱2作用下与叠氮化钠反应生成化合物IV;化合物IV在还原剂作用下,反应生成2‑氨基‑2‑(1‑甲基‑4‑哌啶基)丙烷‑1‑醇(化合物I)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物中间体合成领域,具体地说涉及一种2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇的制备方法。
背景技术
哌啶衍生物在抗菌、抗肿瘤、治疗病毒感染等药物研发领域一直扮演着重要的角色。例如哌啶衍生物类药物盐酸哌替啶,为人工合成的阿片受体激动剂,属于苯基哌啶衍生物,是一种临床应用的合成镇痛药。氟哌啶醇也是一种哌啶衍生物类药物,其主要用于各种急、慢性精神分裂症、焦虑性神经症以及儿童抽动症等疾病。
2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇是一种结构新颖的哌啶环类化合物,可以作为分子砌块应用于药物研发中。目前关于2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇的合成方法没有文献报道。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术中对于2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇的路线和制备方法均无记载的问题,本发明提供了2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇的制备方法。
本发明提供了一种化合物I的制备方法,包括:
其中R为甲基或者乙基;
包括如下步骤:将4-乙酰基-哌啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯(化合物II)在碱1作用下与氯仿反应生成化合物III;化合物III溶于醇中,在碱2作用下与叠氮化钠反应生成化合物IV;化合物IV在还原剂作用下,反应生成2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇(化合物I)。
优选的,化合物II制备化合物III的步骤中,碱1选自1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯、氢氧化钠、甲基锂、正丁基锂、双(三甲基硅基)氨基钠或者双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂;当碱1选自1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯或者氢氧化钠时,化合物II和碱1的摩尔比范围为1∶1.0~1.2;反应温度为-20℃~0℃;当碱1选自甲基锂、正丁基锂、双(三甲基硅基)氨基钠或者双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂时,反应需要加入三甲基氯硅烷或者三异丙氧基氯化钛,化合物II和碱1的摩尔比范围为1∶1~5;反应温度范围为-100℃~-20℃;
优选的,化合物II制备化合物III的步骤中,化合物II和氯仿的摩尔比范围为1∶2~5;
优选的,化合物III制备化合物IV的步骤中,所述的碱2选自1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N-甲基吗啡啉,四甲基乙二胺;
优选的,化合物III制备化合物IV的步骤中,化合物III、叠氮化钠和碱2的摩尔比范围为1∶1~3∶1~5;
优选的,化合物III制备化合物IV的步骤中,反应温度范围为0~50℃;
优选的,化合物IV制备化合物I的步骤中,还原剂选自氢化铝锂或者红铝;
优选的,化合物IV制备化合物I的步骤中,化合物IV与还原剂的摩尔比范围为1∶3~5;
优选的,化合物IV制备化合物I的步骤中,反应温度为0℃~65℃。
有益效果
本发明2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇的制备路线及方法设计巧妙,特别是最后一步还原反应,同时还原了三个基团,收率高达80%以上,结果比较令人意外;整条路线操作简便,条件温和对设备要求较低,原料易得且产率较高,三步总收率达40%以上,弥补了现有技术的空白,可以实现实验室的快速制备。
说明书中涉及到的反应试剂的缩写如下所示:
DBU:1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯;
LiHMDS:双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂;
TBAF:四丁基氟化铵;
MeOH:甲醇;
EtOH:乙醇;
THF:四氢呋喃;
TEA:三乙胺;
DIPEA:N,N-二异丙基乙胺;
TMEDA:四甲基乙二胺;
DCM:二氯甲烷;
PE:石油醚;
EA:乙酸乙酯;
LAH:四氢铝锂。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
化合物III的制备:
将化合物II(25.01g,110.0mmol,1eq.)、氯仿(65.72g,550.5mmol,5.0eq.)溶于THF(500mL)中,氮气保护,加入三异丙氧基氯化钛(57.32g,220.0mmol,2eq.),冷却至-100℃以下,滴加n-BuLi(2.5M,220mL,550.5mmol,5.0eq.),加完,升温至-60℃下搅拌反应2h,将反应液倒至饱和氯化铵水溶液中,搅拌15min后,分液,水相用EA萃取,合并有机相,水洗涤,食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压浓缩除去溶剂,加入正庚烷/MTBE(10/1),超声处理5分钟,析出大量固体,过滤,滤饼用正庚烷洗涤,晾干,得化合物III为33.58g类白色粉末,收率88.5%。
化合物IV-1的制备:
将化合物III(20.01g,57.96mmol,1eq.)溶于MeOH(200mL)中,加入NaN3(11.30g,173.9mmol,3.0eq.),搅拌反应1h。滴加DIPEA(37.46g,289.8mmol,5eq.),温度不超过30℃,加完50℃搅拌反应15h。TLC显示原料反应完,将反应液倒入1L饱和氯化铵中,MTBE萃取2次,有机相食盐水洗涤3次(三氯化铁检测,至食盐水不再显红色),有机相制砂柱层析纯化(正庚烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱),得化合物IV-1为无色油状物10.01g,收率55.3%。
化合物I的制备:
氮气氛围下,红铝70%甲苯溶液(43.31g,160.3mmol,5eq.)分散在干燥THF(500mL)中,冷却至0℃,滴入化合物IV-1(10.01g,32.06mmol,1eq.)的30mL THF溶液,滴加完25℃下搅拌反应2h,加热至回流搅拌反应16h。TLC显示原料反应完,冷却至0℃,滴加10mL水淬灭反应,搅拌10min后,过滤,滤饼用100mL THF洗涤2次,硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩,得到化合物I为白色固体4.68g,收率85.05%。
1HNMR(400MHz,D2O)δ(ppm)3.35~3.31(m,2H);2.83~2.78(m,2H);2.08(s,3H);1.93~1.86(m,2H);1.61~1.53(m,2H);1.30~1.19(m,3H);0.85(s,3H);(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C9H20N2O:172;found:173。
实施例2
化合物III的制备:
将氯仿(26.25g,219.9mmol,2.0eq.)溶于THF(150mL)中,加入TMSCl(23.90g,219.9mmol,2.0eq.),氮气保护,冷却至-60℃以下,滴加1M LiHMDS(220mL,219.9mmol,2.0eq.)THF溶液,温度不超过-60℃,加完搅拌20min,升温至-20℃,滴加化合物II(25.01g,109.99mmol,1eq.)的150mL DMF溶液,滴加完继续滴加四丁基乙酸铵(5.64g,18.70mmol,0.17eq.)的100mL DMF溶液,加完升温至0℃搅拌反应1h。TLC显示原料反应完全。加入200mLMTBE,200mL水,搅拌后分液,有机相用200mL食盐水洗涤,加入醋酸6.60g(1.0eq.),TBAF(34.70g,109.99mmol,1.0eq.),搅拌反应1h,200mL水洗,150mL食盐水洗,浓缩干,加入100mL正庚烷和10mL MTBE,超声处理5分钟,析出大量固体,过滤,滤饼用正庚烷洗涤,晾干,得化合物III为31.70g类白色粉末,收率83.14%。
化合物IV-1的制备:
将化合物III(31.70g,91.44mmol,1eq.)溶于MeOH(300mL)中,加入18-冠-6(3.63g,13.72mmol,0.15eq.),NaN3(14.86g,228.60mmol,2.5eq.),搅拌反应1h。滴加DBU(55.68g,365.76mmol,4eq.),温度不超过30℃,加完25℃搅拌反应48h。TLC显示原料反应完,将反应液倒入1L饱和氯化铵中,MTBE 200mL萃取2次,有机相食盐水150mL洗涤3次(三氯化铁检测,至食盐水不再显红色),有机相制砂柱层析纯化(正庚烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱),得化合物IV-1为无色油状物13.70g,收率47.97%。
化合物I的制备:
LAH(6.35g,167.24mmol,4eq.)分散在干燥THF(250mL)中,冷却至0℃,滴入化合物IV-1(13.06g,41.81mmol,1eq.)的30mL THF溶液,滴加完25℃下搅拌反应2h,加热至回流搅拌反应16h。TLC显示原料反应完,冷却至0℃,滴加6.35g水,6.35g的15%氢氧化钠溶液,6.35g水淬灭反应,搅拌20分钟,过滤,滤饼用100mL THF洗涤2次,硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩,得到化合物I为白色固体6.01g,收率83.30%。
1HNMR(400MHz,D2O)δ(ppm)3.35~3.31(m,2H);2.83~2.78(m,2H);2.08(s,3H);1.93~1.86(m,2H);1.61~1.53(m,2H);1.30~1.19(m,3H);0.85(s,3H);(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C9H20N2O:172;found:173。
实施例3
化合物III的制备:
将化合物II(25.01g,110.0mmol,1eq.)、氯仿(39.40g,330.0mmol,3.0eq.)溶于THF(300mL)中,加入100mL水,冷却至-20℃,滴加NaOH(4.41g,110.0mmol,1eq.)50mL水溶液,加完,升温至0℃下搅拌反应5h,将反应液倒至1N HCl水溶液中,搅拌15min后,分液,水相用EA萃取,合并有机相,水洗涤,食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压浓缩除去溶剂,加入正庚烷/MTBE(10/1),超声处理5分钟,析出大量固体,过滤,滤饼用正庚烷洗涤,晾干,得化合物III为25.92g类白色粉末,收率68.3%。
化合物IV-2的制备:
将化合物III(20.01g,57.96mmol,1eq.)溶于EtOH(200mL)中,加入NaN3(3.77g,57.96mmol,1.0eq.),搅拌反应1h。滴加TEA(37.46g,289.8mmol,5eq.),温度不超过30℃,加完30℃搅拌反应18h。TLC显示原料反应完,将反应液倒入1L饱和氯化铵中,MTBE萃取2次,有机相食盐水洗涤3次(三氯化铁检测,至食盐水不再显红色),有机相制砂柱层析纯化(正庚烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱),得化合物IV-2为无色油状物12.35g,收率65.3%。
化合物I的制备:
氮气氛围下,红铝70%甲苯溶液(35.41g,122.6mmol,4eq.)分散在干燥THF(500mL)中,冷却至0℃,滴入化合物IV-2(10.01g,30.66mmol,1eq.)的30mL THF溶液,滴加完25℃下搅拌反应2h,加热至回流搅拌反应16h。TLC显示原料反应完,冷却至0℃,滴加10mL水淬灭反应,搅拌10min后,过滤,滤饼用100mL THF洗涤2次,硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩,得到化合物I为白色固体4.32g,收率82.12%。
1HNMR(400MHz,D2O)δ(ppm)3.35~3.31(m,2H);2.83~2.78(m,2H);2.08(s,3H);1.93~1.86(m,2H);1.61~1.53(m,2H);1.30~1.19(m,3H);0.85(s,3H);(ESI-TOF)m/z:[M+H]+calcd for C9H20N2O:172;found:173。
Claims (4)
1.一种化合物I的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
其中R为甲基或者乙基;
包括以下步骤:将4-乙酰基-哌啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯化合物II在碱1作用下与氯仿反应生成化合物III;化合物III溶于甲醇或乙醇中,在碱2作用下与叠氮化钠反应生成化合物IV;化合物IV在还原剂作用下,反应生成2-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)丙烷-1-醇化合物I;
化合物II制备化合物III的步骤中,碱1选自1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯、氢氧化钠、甲基锂、正丁基锂、双(三甲基硅基)氨基钠或者双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂;
当碱1选自1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯或者氢氧化钠时,化合物II和碱1的摩尔比范围为1∶1.0~1.2;反应温度为-20℃~0℃;
当碱1选自甲基锂、正丁基锂、双(三甲基硅基)氨基钠或者双(三甲基硅基)氨基锂时,反应需要加入三甲基氯硅烷或者三异丙氧基氯化钛,化合物II和碱1的摩尔比范围为1∶1~5;反应温度范围为-100℃~-20℃;
化合物III制备化合物IV的步骤中,所述的碱2选自1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,N-甲基吗啡啉,四甲基乙二胺;
化合物IV制备化合物I的步骤中,还原剂选自氢化铝锂或者红铝;化合物IV与还原剂的摩尔比范围为1∶3~5;反应温度为0℃~65℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:化合物II制备化合物III的步骤中,化合物II和氯仿的摩尔比范围为1∶2~5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:化合物III制备化合物IV的步骤中,化合物III、叠氮化钠和碱2的摩尔比范围为1∶1~3∶1~5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:化合物III制备化合物IV的步骤中,反应温度范围为0~50℃。
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