CN113041332A - 一种治疗慢性胃炎的中药制剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗慢性胃炎的中药制剂,该中药制剂是由以下重量份的原料制成:高良姜280~320份、天花粉280~320份、白术280~320份、莪术180~220份、丹参180~220份、海螵蛸80~120份、大黄80~120份、甘松40~80份、枳壳80~120份、白芍40~80份、鸡内金40~80份、蒲公英60~100份、黄芩40~80份、桔梗40~80份;本发明中药制剂具有温脾散寒、养阴和胃、行气化瘀的功效。本发明中药制剂尤其对脾胃虚寒证的慢性胃炎的患者疗效最佳。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗慢性胃炎的中药制剂,属于中药领域。
背景技术
慢性胃炎是消化系统最常见疾病之一,其临床上患者多见为浅表性胃炎和萎缩性胃炎两种。慢性胃炎患者多伴有胃部不适症状。如,上腹部疼痛、闷胀不适、恶心、反酸、嗳气、腹部胀气、疼痛、消化不良等症状。该病程呈现绵长,且病变证机错综复杂。因此,该疾病比较难以有效进行根治。随着人们生活习惯和饮食规律改变,加之受到多重因素复合影响,其该类疾病有逐年上升的趋势,其严重影响人们生活质量和身体健康。
慢性胃炎在中医上属于“胃脘痛”、痞满”等范畴。中医认为该病多为外感邪气、饮食所伤、或由情志不遂等多种病因引起。但在慢性胃炎发病之初,该病情和病变脏腑较为单一,但日久则相互影响转化。或该病表现出,可由实转虚或虚实错杂状况。疾病的发生基本上多因外邪、气滞、食停、热郁、血瘀、湿阻等病;或因脾胃虚寒、胃阴亏虚等病因所引起。《内经》曰:“正气尚存内,邪不可干,邪之所凑,其气必虚”,然慢性胃炎患者体内因正气不足,是本病发生根本。或因饮食不节、劳倦久病等病因诱发,导致脾胃虚弱。水谷不归正化,反致热、痰、湿、气、瘀等病理。又如,脾胃升降失常,脾不升清,胃则不降浊,气机阻滞,则“百病生焉”。关于慢性胃炎的中医证候类型研究,大致可为五个主要证型,其中胃阴不足型、脾胃虚寒、肝胃不和型、胃络瘀血型、脾胃湿热型。
目前,临床上常用的西药主要有抑制胃酸的药物有:奥美拉唑肠溶片、泮托拉唑、西咪替丁、雷尼替丁等药。而对于保护胃粘膜的药物有:果胶铋,磷酸铝凝胶,氢氧化铝凝胶等。但上述西药治疗慢性胃炎可取得一定效果,但大多只是治标不治本。且上述西药的长期服用会产生诸多胃肠道及肝肾等不良反应。然而传统中医药在治疗慢性胃炎疾病方面,积累丰富的临床经验,并可对该类疾病在治疗和改善慢性胃炎患者症状上有着明显优势。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种治疗慢性胃炎的中药制剂,本发明的中药制剂具有临床效果显著、毒副作用小、制备工艺操作简便、产品内在质量稳定性可靠的优点。
本申请发明人经过多年临床经验研究摸索总结,寻找到疗效显著的中药制剂组方配比,并完成本发明。根据临床辩证实践总结发现,该病常见胃脘部隐痛,胃痛缠绵,痛有定处而拒按,杂饮食不佳,神倦乏力,手足不温,舌质紫暗等。本方所治之证因脾胃中焦虚寒兼有血瘀为主要病机。故方中选以方中高良姜,性辛温,味热,归脾胃经。有温助中焦之阳,散寒止痛之功。然“胃常喜润恶燥”加之体内日久化热,热甚伤阴,导致阴液亏虚。故方中配以天花粉,性味甘、微苦寒。可生津润燥。两药相配,共为君药。方中辅以白术,可健脾益气,使得脾气健旺,水谷精微生化有源。该病因久病耗气,而致气衰无力,气虚血运不畅而致气虚血瘀之症。方中配以莪术,性辛,苦温,不仅能行气止痛,还可消积和胃之功。再加入丹参,性苦寒,其善能活血化瘀,还具有祛瘀生新而不伤正之妙。上述三药共为臣药。
方中还配以海螵蛸,可抑制胃酸分泌,起制酸止痛之效。方中配以大黄,苦寒,泻热逐瘀。本方用之,可起到荡涤胃肠湿热瘀毒,导湿热从下而出。又因脾胃居以中焦,主收纳与运化水谷,气机易阻滞。故方中加以甘松,芳香行气,醒脾健胃之功。配以枳壳,性苦辛凉,善理气消胀,可畅通脘腹之气滞。白芍以养血益阴,柔肝止痛。方中辅以鸡内金,能健胃消食。加以蒲公英,性味苦寒,可清热解毒。黄芩,可清化体内湿热。上述诸药,共为佐药。最后方中选以桔梗,辛散苦泄,为药中之周楫,开宣肺气,能载诸药之力上达胸中,故用之为使药。诸药合用,标本兼顾,使得本方具有温脾散寒、养阴和胃、行气化瘀之功。本发明中药制剂尤其对脾胃虚寒证的慢性胃炎的患者疗效最佳。
为了实现本发明目的,本发明所提供的技术方案如下:
一种治疗慢性胃炎的中药制剂,它是由以下重量份的原料制成:高良姜280~320份、天花粉280~320份、白术280~320份、莪术180~220份、丹参180~220份、海螵蛸80~120份、大黄80~120份、甘松40~80份、枳壳80~120份、白芍40~80份、鸡内金40~80份、蒲公英60~100份、黄芩40~80份、桔梗40~80份。
作为本发明中药制剂的优选,它是由以下重量份的原料制成:高良姜300份、天花粉300份、白术300份、莪术200份、丹参200份、海螵蛸100份、大黄100份、甘松60份、枳壳100份、白芍60份、鸡内金60份、蒲公英80份、黄芩60份、桔梗60份。
本发明中药制剂可以采用常规的煎煮方法制备成口服制剂。
优选的,所述中药制剂可以为颗粒剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂。
优选的,所述制备方法是由如下步骤组成:
⑴、取天花粉、海螵蛸、鸡内金进行混合,并粉碎成细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜、白术、莪术、丹参、大黄、甘松、枳壳、白芍、蒲公英、黄芩、桔梗药材,加水煎煮1~3次,加与药材重量比为6~10倍量的水,煎煮时间为40~100分钟,上述煎煮液,滤过,合并滤液,减压真空浓缩为相对密度为1.03~1.12的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥成浸膏粉,再加入药用辅料制成不同口服制剂,即得。
作为进一步的优选,所述制备方法是由如下步骤组成:
⑴、取天花粉、海螵蛸、鸡内金进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜、白术、莪术、丹参、大黄、甘松、枳壳、白芍、蒲公英、黄芩、桔梗药材,加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,滤过,合并滤液,减压真空浓缩为相对密度为1.03~1.12的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥成浸膏粉,再加入药用辅料制成不同口服制剂,即得。
优选的,所述喷雾干燥条件为:喷雾干燥控制进风温度140~160℃,排风温度:80~90℃。
1.本发明中药制剂制备工艺技术研究
我们提供本发明试验筛选部分内容,进一步说明本发明技术方案整体创造性。
1.1本发明中药制剂的提取工艺
取本发明中药制剂的最佳处方剂量配比:高良姜300g、天花粉300g、白术300g、莪术200g、丹参200g、海螵蛸100g、大黄100g、甘松60g、枳壳100g、白芍60g、鸡内金60g、蒲公英80g、黄芩60g、桔梗60g,并加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,采用微孔滤膜滤过,合并滤液,减压真空浓缩为相对密度为1.08~1.12的中药浓缩液,以干膏得率和总黄酮含量为指标。
⑴、将试验本发明中药提取液进行浓缩、定容至500mL量瓶中,精密吸取上述中药提取液20mL置于在105℃干燥2.5h并放冷的烧杯中,进行水浴蒸干,于105℃干燥1.5h后置于干燥器中放冷,称定重量,计算本发明中药制剂的干膏得率。
⑵、以芦丁为对照品,利用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠溶液显色,在508nm下测定,总黄酮物质成分的吸光度,以紫外分光光度法,测定中药提取液中的总黄酮含量。
表1本发明中药提取制备工艺参数优选试验
从上述表1结果可知,按照优选工艺,其第一次加水量为10倍量,第二次加水量为8倍量,其制得干膏粉收率在20.6~23.1%之间,其总黄酮含量为0.59~0.64mg/ml,本发明优选的制备工艺参数稳定可靠。
1.2本发明中药制剂的浓缩干燥工艺
1.2.1提取液相对密度筛选
为确保本发明中药提取液中有效成分不被破坏,本试验采用喷雾干燥法进行干燥。然而,影响喷雾干燥主要因素有:中药提取液的相对密度、进液速度参数、进风温度、出风温度等。结合生产实际,对影响喷雾干燥因素进行筛选,并确定最佳的工艺技术参数。
表2提取液相对密度筛选
由表2可知,若中药提取液的相对密度较大,容易堵塞物料运输管道,和粘壁现象,本发明中药提取液相对密度在1.03~1.12范围内,喷雾干燥得到棕褐色中药提取物粉末,质量较佳。
1.2.2物料进料速度的筛选
按照本发明优选的最佳工艺,其第一次加水量为10倍量,第二次加水量为8倍量,其取上述水煎液提取液的相对密度为1.05~1.08的中药提取液,分别以不同速率将药液吸入喷雾干燥塔内,并观察物料干燥情况。
表3本发明物料进料速度的筛选的试验
由表3可知,为了提高本发明中药制剂干燥效能,选择本发明物料速度为700~1000(ml/h),并能得到质量较佳的中药提取物粉末。
1.2.3本发明进风,出风温度的筛选
表4本发明物料进料速度的筛选的试验
由表4可知,考虑到本发明干燥工艺的效能和有效组方不能温度较高的现状,我们选择喷雾干燥控制进风温度140~160℃,排风温度:80~90℃。
1.3本发明中药制剂的成型工艺
1.3.1不同辅料对提取物吸湿性的考察
颗粒剂的吸湿性决定本发明中药制剂的稳定性,为此我们进行辅料与本发明中药提取物的配伍实验,考察辅料与提取物混合后的吸湿性。将本发明提取物与辅料比为1:2进行混合均匀,制粒,并于62℃烘干2小时,即得本发明中药颗粒剂。并采用不同的辅料进行制粒,在恒重称量瓶底部放入本发明颗粒。称重放入盛有氯化钠过饱和溶液的干燥器中,室温放置48小时后,称定,按下式计算吸湿百分率。
吸湿百分率=(吸湿后物料重量-吸湿前物料重量)×100%
表5不同辅料的吸湿性百分率
由表5可知,从生产成本,成型率及吸湿性等综合考虑,本发明选择甘露醇:糊精(2:1)为混合药用辅料。
1.3.2本发明颗粒剂的制备工艺
⑴、取天花粉300g、海螵蛸100g、鸡内金60g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜300g、白术300g、莪术200g、丹参200g、大黄100g、甘松60g、枳壳100g、白芍60g、蒲公英80g、黄芩60g、桔梗60g,加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,滤液经100目的筛网进行滤过,合并滤液,并在减压真空度为-0.05~-0.12MPa,滤液浓缩温度为58~63℃下,进行浓缩为相对密度为1.03~1.12的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥,其喷雾干燥控制进风温度147~155℃,排风温度:85~90℃下干燥成浸膏粉,加入步骤⑴混合细粉,混合均匀后得本发明中药提取物。
再加入甘露醇:糊精(2:1),其中本发明提取物:药用辅料=1:2,将上述中药提取物、糊精和甘露醇加入到槽型混合机中,混合均匀,加入适量的酒精,进行制粒,将上述混合物料过12目的筛网,在恒温干燥箱中60~65℃下干燥2小时,即得,本发明中药颗粒剂。所制得颗粒的成型率、吸湿率(24小时)、测定水分含量及溶化性见表6。
表6本发明中药制剂的颗粒剂制备工艺验证
从表6结果可知,本发明优选的制备工艺制得的3批颗粒符合中国药典附录项下的有关规定,表明本发明中药制备工艺的稳定性可行。
本发明中药制剂所选的中药材的来源、性味归经、功效作用、临床应用、化学成分如下。
高良姜,来源,为姜科植物高良姜Alpinia officinarum Hance的干燥根茎。性味归经,性热,味辛。归脾经胃经。功效与作用,具有温胃止呕,散寒止痛之功。临床应用,用于治脘腹冷痛,胃寒呕吐,嗳气吞酸。化学成分,根含黄酮类化合物,鼠李柠檬素、挥发油、姜黄素、高良姜素、姜黄素、二氢姜黄素、桂皮酸甲酯等成分。
天花粉,来源,为葫芦科植物双边栝楼Trichosanthes rosthornii Harms根。性味归经,性微寒,味甘、微苦。归肺经、胃经。功效与作用,具有清热生津、清肺润燥、解毒消痈功效。临床应用,用治热病烦渴、肺热燥咳、内热消渴、疮疡肿毒。化学成分,含皂苷、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、果糖、天花粉蛋、多种氨基酸。
白术,来源,为菊科植物白术Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.的根茎。性味归经,性温,味甘、苦。归脾经、胃经。功效与作用,具有健脾益气、燥湿利水、止汗安胎功效。临床应用,用治脾胃气弱、不思饮食、倦怠少气、泄泻、痰饮水肿、小便不利、头晕、胎气不安等。化学成分,主要含有挥发油、苍术酮、α-葎草烯、石竹烯、桉叶醇等
莪术,来源,为姜科植物蓬莪术Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.干燥根茎。性味归经,性温,味辛、苦。归脾经、肝经。功效与作用,具有行气破血、消积止痛功效。临床应用,用于治疗癥瘕痞块、瘀血经闭、食积胀痛。化学成分,本品含挥发油、黄酮类、萜类等。莪术醇、樟脑、姜黄烯、姜黄酮、莪术二酮、棕榈酸等成分。
丹参,来源,为唇形科植物丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.的根及根茎。性味归经,性微寒,味苦。归心经肝经。功效与作用,具有祛瘀止痛、活血痛经、清心除烦功效。临床应用,用治月经不调、经闭痛经、癥瘕积聚、胸腹刺痛、疮疡肿毒、心烦不眠;肝脾肿大、心绞痛。化学成分,含丹参酮Ⅰ、ⅡА、Ⅱв、隐丹参酮、紫草酸B、二氢丹参酮、二氢异丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参醇、丹参内酯、豆固醇等。
海螵蛸,来源,为乌贼科动物无针乌贼Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune内壳。性味归经,性温,味咸、涩。归脾经、肾经。功效与作用,具有收敛止血、涩精止带、制酸敛疮功效。临床应用,用治胃痛吞酸、吐血衄血、崩漏便血、遗精滑精、赤白带下、损伤出血。化学成分,含碳酸钙、甲壳质,磷酸钙、氯化钠及镁盐等。
大黄,来源,为蓼科植物掌叶大黄Rheum palmatum,L干燥根和根茎。性味归经,性寒,味苦。归脾经、胃经、大肠经、肝经、心包经。功效与作用,具有泻热通便、凉血解毒、逐瘀通经功效。临床应用,用治实热便秘、积滞腹痛、泻痢不爽、湿热黄疸、血热吐衄、目赤咽肿、肠痈疔疮、跌打损伤。化学成分,本品含芦荟大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚、大黄酸、大黄素等成分。
甘松,来源,为败酱科植物甘松Nardostachys chinensis Batal.根及根茎。性味归经,性温,味辛、甘。归脾经、胃经。功效与作用,具有理气止痛、开郁醒脾功效。临床应用,用于治疗脘腹胀满、食欲不振、呕吐,外治牙痛、脚肿。也可用于治疗神经衰弱、失眠易惊等症。化学成分,含挥发油,倍半萜类,愈创木烷类成分。
枳壳,来源,芸香科植物酸橙Citrus aurantium L.接近成熟的果实。性味归经,性温,味苦、辛、酸。归脾经、胃经。功效与作用,具有理气宽中、行滞消胀功效。临床应用,用治胸胁气滞、胀满产痛、食积不化、痰饮内停、胃下垂、子宫脱垂、脱肛等。化学成分本品含挥发油、橙皮苷、柚皮素-7-芸香糖苷、甜橙素、新橙皮苷、香豆精、柑属环肽Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、忍冬苷、生物碱等成分。
白芍,来源,毛茛科植物芍药Paeonia lactiflora Pall.的根。性味归经,性微寒,味苦、酸。归肝经、脾经。功效与作用,具有平肝止痛、养血调经、敛阴止汗功效。临床应用,用治头痛眩晕、胸胁疼痛、泻痢腹痛、自汗盗汗、阴虚发热、月经不调、崩漏、带下等。化学成分,本品含芍药苷、羟基芍药苷、苯甲酰芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、白芍苷、芍药苷元酮、没食子酰芍药苷、山柰酚-3,7-二-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、胡萝卜苷、β-谷固醇、芍药乳糖酮等,挥发油中主要含苯甲酸、牡丹酚等。
鸡内金,来源,来源于雉科动物家鸡Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson的干燥沙囊内壁。性味归经,性平,味甘。归脾经、胃经、小肠经、膀胱经。功效与作用,具有健胃消食、涩精止遗功效。临床应用,用治食积不消、小儿疳积、呕吐遗精。化学成分,鸡内金含胃液素,微量胃蛋白酶,淀粉酶,并含精氨酸,丙氨酸,天冬氨酸,丝氨酸,甘氨酸,苏氨酸,缬氨酸,异亮氨酸,酪氨酸,脯氨酸,色氨酸等多种氨基酸及铝、钙、、铜、铁、锰、钼、锌等微量元素。
蒲公英,来源,菊科植物蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.的带根全草。性味归经,性寒,味苦、甘。归肝经、胃经。功效与作用,具有清热解毒,利尿散结功效。临床应用,治疗急性乳腺炎、淋巴腺炎、瘰疬、疔毒疮肿、急性结膜炎、感冒发热、急性扁桃体炎、急性支气管炎胆囊炎、尿路感染。化学成分,含蒲公英甾醇、胆碱、菊糖、果胶、蒲公英固醇、蒲公英素、蒲公英赛醇、咖啡酸等成分。
黄芩,来源,唇形科植物黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi的根。性味归经,性寒,味苦。归肺经、胆经、脾经、大肠经、小肠经。功效与作用,具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血、安胎功效。临床应用,用治湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶、湿热痞满、泻痢、黄疸、肺热咳嗽、高热烦渴、血热吐衄、胎动不安。化学成分,含黄酮类,黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、黄芩素、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素、甾醇和氨基酸等。
桔梗,来源,为桔梗科植物桔梗Platycodon grandiflorus(Jacq.)A.DC.的根。性味归经,性平,味苦、辛。归肺经。功效与作用,具有宣肺祛痰、利咽排脓功效。临床应用,治疗咳嗽痰多、胸膈满闷、咽痛音哑、肺疽吐脓。化学成分,含多种三萜多糖皂苷,桔梗皂苷A、C,远志皂苷A、C,果糖、甾体、a-菠菜甾醇、桔梗皂苷D、D2、D3、芹菜素、木犀草素、桔梗酸A、桔梗酸B、桔梗酸C等。
本发明中药制剂的有益效果
⑴、本发明中药制剂是在传统中医理论和临床经验指导下,该中药是由高良姜、天花粉、白术、莪术、丹参、海螵蛸、大黄、甘松、枳壳、白芍、鸡内金、蒲公英、黄芩、桔梗,使得全方具有温脾散寒、养阴和胃、行气化瘀功效。
本方配伍的特点:一是本方在于温补(高良姜)与滋阴(天花粉)并用,其旨在阳得阴有所化,脾胃健运,气血运行通畅。二是本方补(白术)泻(大黄,蒲公英)并用,使得脾气机通畅,邪热得降。诸药可使得脾胃升降平衡,脘痛腹胀、瘀血诸症皆消。
⑵、本发明的制备工艺具有操作步骤简便可靠,且获得中药有效物质成分(浸膏粉和总黄酮类成分)含量较高,且制备颗粒剂的稳定性良好。经临床试验验证,本发明中药制剂临床总有效率高达86.7%。综上所述,本发明优选的中药制剂在工艺化大生产中,具有成本较低,疗效显著的优点,有广阔的市场应用前景。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本发明的一部分,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1-本发明中药制剂的制备生产工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案做进一步作描述,但是本发明的保护范围并不限于这些实施例。凡是不背离本发明构思的改变或等同替代均包括在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1本发明中药颗粒剂制备
⑴、取天花粉300g、海螵蛸100g、鸡内金60g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜300g、白术300g、莪术200g、丹参200g、大黄100g、甘松60g、枳壳100g、白芍60g、蒲公英80g、黄芩60g、桔梗60g,加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,滤液经100目的筛网进行滤过,合并滤液,并在减压真空度为-0.05~-0.12MPa,滤液浓缩温度为58~63℃下,进行浓缩为相对密度为1.03~1.12的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥,本发明物料速度为800~1000ml/h,其喷雾干燥控制进风温度147~155℃,排风温度:85~90℃下干燥成浸膏粉,再加入步骤⑴的细粉,混合制得本发明提取物;
其中本发明中药提取物:药用辅料=1:2,本发明所选的药用辅料为甘露醇:糊精(2:1),将上述中药提取物、糊精和甘露醇加入到槽型混合机中,混合均匀,加入适量的酒精进行制粒,将上述混合物料过12目的筛网,在恒温干燥箱中60~65℃下干燥2小时,即得,本发明中药颗粒剂。
实施例2本发明中药颗粒剂制备
⑴、取天花粉290g、海螵蛸100g、鸡内金60g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜310g、白术290g、莪术210g、丹参200g、大黄90g、甘松70g、枳壳100g、白芍60g、蒲公英80g、黄芩60g、桔梗60g,加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,滤液经100目的筛网进行滤过,合并滤液,并在减压真空度为-0.05~-0.12MPa,滤液浓缩温度为58~63℃下,进行浓缩为相对密度为1.05~1.10的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥,本发明物料速度为800~1000ml/h,其喷雾干燥控制进风温度147~155℃,排风温度:85~90℃下干燥成浸膏粉,再加入步骤⑴的细粉,混合制得本发明提取物;
其中本发明中药提取物:药用辅料=1:2,本发明所选的药用辅料为甘露醇:糊精(2:1),将上述中药提取物、糊精和甘露醇加入到槽型混合机中,混合均匀,加入适量的酒精进行制粒,将上述混合物料过12目的筛网,在恒温干燥箱中60~65℃下干燥2小时,即得,本发明中药颗粒剂。
实施例3本发明中药颗粒剂制备
⑴、取天花粉300g、海螵蛸100g、鸡内金60g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜300g、白术300g、莪术200g、丹参200g、大黄100g、甘松60g、枳壳100g、白芍60g、蒲公英80g、黄芩60g、桔梗60g,加水煎煮3次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为6倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,第三次加与药材重量比为6倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,合并上述煎煮液,滤液经100目的筛网进行滤过,合并滤液,并在减压真空度为-0.07~-0.11MPa,滤液浓缩温度为56~64℃下,进行浓缩为相对密度为1.06~1.10的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥,本发明物料速度为900~1100ml/h,其喷雾干燥控制进风温度149~152℃,排风温度:83~88℃下干燥成浸膏粉,再加入步骤⑴的细粉,混合制得本发明提取物;
再加入药用辅料(淀粉和微晶纤维素),其中本发明提取物:药用辅料=1:2,将上述中药浸膏粉、淀粉和微晶纤维素加入到槽型混合机中,混合均匀,加入适量的酒精进行制粒,将上述混合物料过12目的筛网,在恒温干燥箱中60~65℃下干燥2小时,即得,本发明中药颗粒剂。
实施例4本发明中药颗粒剂制备
⑴、取天花粉300g、海螵蛸100g、鸡内金60g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜300g、白术300g、莪术200g、丹参200g、大黄100g、甘松60g、枳壳100g、白芍60g、蒲公英80g、黄芩60g、桔梗60g,加水煎煮3次,加水煎煮1次,加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为100分钟,滤液经100目的筛网进行滤过,合并滤液,并在减压真空度为-0.06~-0.11MPa,滤液浓缩温度为57~62℃下,进行浓缩为相对密度为1.05~1.10的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥,其喷雾干燥控制进风温度148~152℃,排风温度:85~90℃下干燥成浸膏粉,再加入步骤⑴的细粉,混合制得本发明提取物;
再加入药用辅料(淀粉和微晶纤维素),其中本发明提取物:药用辅料=1:2,将上述中药浸膏粉、淀粉和微晶纤维素加入到槽型混合机中,混合均匀,加入适量的酒精进行制粒,将上述混合物料过12目的筛网,在恒温干燥箱中60~65℃下干燥2小时,即得,本发明中药颗粒剂。
实施例5本发明中药滴丸剂的制备
⑴、取天花粉320g、海螵蛸80g、鸡内金40g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜320g、白术320g、莪术180g、丹参180g、大黄120g、甘松80g、枳壳80g、白芍80g、蒲公英100g、黄芩40g、桔梗80g,加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,滤过,合并滤液,减压真空浓缩为相对密度为1.03~1.12的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥成浸膏粉,加入步骤⑴混合细粉,混合均匀后得本发明中药提取物。再加入PEG6000和硬脂酸,其中本发明提取物:药用辅料=1:2,滴制成中药滴丸剂,即得。
实施例6本发明中药胶囊剂的制备
⑴、取天花粉280g、海螵蛸120g、鸡内金80g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜280g、白术280g、莪术220g、丹参220g、大黄80g、甘松40g、枳壳120g、白芍40g、蒲公英60g、黄芩80g、桔梗40g,加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,滤过,合并滤液,减压真空浓缩为相对密度为1.03~1.12的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥成浸膏粉,加入步骤⑴混合细粉,混合均匀后,得本发明中药提取物。再加入硫酸钙和淀粉,其中浸膏粉:药用辅料=1:3,进行制粒,干燥填充胶囊,即得。
实施例7本发明中药片剂的制备
⑴、取天花粉300g、海螵蛸100g、鸡内金60g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜300g、白术290g、莪术190g、丹参220g、大黄90g、甘松70g、枳壳100g、白芍60g、蒲公英80g、黄芩60g、桔梗60g,加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,滤过,合并滤液,减压真空浓缩为相对密度为1.03~1.12的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥成浸膏粉,加入步骤⑴混合细粉,混合均匀后得本发明中药提取物。再加入羟丙基纤维素和甘露醇,其中浸膏粉:药用辅料=1:2,进行制粒,干燥,压制成本发明中药片剂,即得。
实施例8本发明中药丸剂的制备
⑴、取天花粉300g、海螵蛸120g、鸡内金60g,进行混合,并粉碎成100目的细粉;
⑵、再取高良姜290g、白术300g、莪术220g、丹参220g、大黄100g、甘松60g、枳壳100g、白芍60g、蒲公英80g、黄芩60g、桔梗60g,加水煎煮2次,第一次加与药材重量比为10倍量的水,煎煮时间为60分钟,第二次加与药材重量比为8倍量的水,煎煮时间为40分钟,上述煎煮液,滤过,合并滤液,减压真空浓缩为相对密度为1.03~1.12的中药浓缩液,再采用喷雾浓缩干燥成浸膏粉,加入步骤⑴混合细粉,混合均匀后得本发明中药提取物。再加入蜂蜜和羧甲基纤维素钠,其中本发明中药提取物:药用辅料=1:2,进行制丸,干燥,成本发明中药丸剂,即得。
为了验证本发明中药制剂的临床疗效,我们将上述具体实施例1和2中制备的中药颗粒剂,进行了相应的临床试验,现将试验结果报告如下。
1.本发明中药制剂的临床观察
1.1一般资料
收治临床观察慢性胃炎患者共87例,随机分为治疗组和治疗组。治疗组45例,男24例,女21例,年龄28~74岁,平均年龄44.2±2.7岁,病程4个月~6年,平均病程2.5±0.6年;对照组42例,男25例,女17例,年龄25~71岁,平均年龄41.8±2.3岁,病程6个月~8年,平均病程2.9±0.8年,两组患者在年龄、性别、病程、病情程度等一般资料方面,经统计学处理差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2诊断标准
参照中西医结合学会消化系统疾病专业委员会于2003年制定的《慢性胃炎的中西医结合诊治方案》中的诊断标准。⑴、临床症状无特异性:约有一半以上的患者有胃脘部胀痛、脘腹冷痛、钝痛、烧灼痛,一般在患者进食后较为加重,其次,食欲不振,嗳气,泛酸,恶心等消化不良的症状。⑵、内镜诊断依据:浅表性胃炎:红斑(点,或片状,或条索状)黏膜粗糙不平,胃黏膜或有充血水肿,出血点或血瘀斑;萎缩状胃炎:黏膜呈不规则颗粒状,胃黏膜的血管显露有灰暗,黏膜皱襞细薄。如未存在平坦糜烂,隆起糜烂或胆汁反流,则诊断为浅表性胃炎或萎缩性胃炎。
1.3治疗方法
治疗组:按照本发明实施例1制备方法制得颗粒剂,口服治疗,一日2次,一次10g,4周为一个疗程,连服2个疗程。
对照组:按照本发明实施例2组的方法制得颗粒剂,口服治疗,一日2次,一次10g,4周为一个疗程,连服2个疗程。两组患者在用药治疗期间,不再服用其他药物。并遵照医嘱,饮食应清淡、忌酒及辛辣、生冷油腻的食物。治疗60天后,评价两组患者的临床效果和不良反应等情况。
1.4疗效评定标准
根据《中药新药临床研究指导原则》中疗效评定标准。显效:治疗后,患者临床症状和体征恢复正常。有效:治疗后,患者临床症状和体征有不同程度改善和好转。无效:治疗后,患者临床症状与接受治疗前比较无任何变化,甚至有所加重。
1.5治疗结果
表7两组患者临床疗效比较
由表7的实验结果可知,患者在经过2个疗程的中药治疗后,其大多数患者,脘腹冷痛、腹部胀痛、反酸、食欲减退及舌苔紫暗的症状均有明显的改善。本发明中药尤对脾胃虚寒证的慢性胃炎的患者疗效最佳。本发明治疗组的患者总有效率为86.7%,而对照组的慢性胃炎患者临床有效率为64.3%。上述实验结果表明,本发明的中药在治疗慢性胃炎疾病的临床疗效显著,治疗组患者临床疗效明显优于对照组。
1.6不良反应
两组并未发现有严重的不良反应,仅对照组仅出现大便稀溏1例,其不良反应率为2.38%,而治疗组无任何不良反应报道。上述临床结果进一步说明,本发明中药制剂在制备治疗慢性胃炎疾病方面具有疗效显著、不良反应小,在工艺化大生产中有工艺操作简便,成本较低的优势,具有广阔的市场应用前景。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗慢性胃炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,它是由以下重量份的原料制成:高良姜280~320份、天花粉280~320份、白术280~320份、莪术180~220份、丹参180~220份、海螵蛸80~120份、大黄80~120份、甘松40~80份、枳壳80~120份、白芍40~80份、鸡内金40~80份、蒲公英60~100份、黄芩40~80份、桔梗40~80份。
2.如权利要求1所述中药制剂,其特征在于,它是由以下重量份的原料制成:高良姜300份、天花粉300份、白术300份、莪术200份、丹参200份、海螵蛸100份、大黄100份、甘松60份、枳壳100份、白芍60份、鸡内金60份、蒲公英80份、黄芩60份、桔梗60份。
3.如权利要求1所述中药制剂,其特征在于,其特征在于,所述中药制剂可以为颗粒剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂。
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