CN112998265A - 一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112998265A CN112998265A CN202110522400.9A CN202110522400A CN112998265A CN 112998265 A CN112998265 A CN 112998265A CN 202110522400 A CN202110522400 A CN 202110522400A CN 112998265 A CN112998265 A CN 112998265A
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Abstract
本发明属于功能食品技术领域,公开了一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物及其制备方法。所述组合物原料组成按重量份计,包括:化橘红提取物10‑30份,蛹虫草提取物10‑30份,菊花粉0‑40份,百香果粉0‑40份,金桔粉0‑30份,柠檬果汁粉0‑40份,天然薄荷脑0.1‑0.6份。本发明组合物的复配基于网络药理学对化橘红治疗咳嗽的作用机制进行研究,组分复配科学合理,所得组合物止咳化痰效果明显。且可进一步通过组分合理搭配,改善组合物口味,提升消费者的依从性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能食品技术领域,具体涉及一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
慢性呼吸系统疾病是人群的常见病、多发病。慢性呼吸系统疾病最常见症状为:咳嗽、咳痰、咽痛、嗓子哑、呼吸困难、喘鸣等,其中咳嗽、咳痰是慢性呼吸系统疾病的重要症状。慢性咳嗽、咳痰是多数慢阻肺患者最早出现的症状,随着咳嗽、咳痰的加重,慢性支气管炎、肺气肿等肺部疾病会随之而来。因此,采取有效措施抑制咳嗽、缓解肺部炎症,对于慢性呼吸系统疾病的防治具有重要意义。
化橘红为芸香科植物化州柚或柚的未成熟或近成熟的干燥外层果皮,为广东特产药材,以广东化州地区产者为上品,辛香味最为醇厚。《中华人民共和国药典》:化橘红辛、苦、温、归肺、脾经,具理气宽中、燥湿消痰功能,用于咳嗽痰多、食积伤酒、呕恶痞闷。现代医学研究发现,化橘红主要活性成分柚皮苷对生理状态下的实验性咳嗽、慢性气道炎症和气道神经源性炎症诱发的咳嗽均具有镇咳作用,并能显著改善痰液黏稠、咳痰困难等症状。化橘红多糖对慢性支气管炎、慢性阻塞性肺气肿的疗效良好。
蛹虫草又名蛹草菌、北虫草,具有显著的抗炎效果。虫草素是蛹虫草重要生物活性成分之一,具有抑菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤、调节免疫力等作用;蛹虫草多糖具有明显抗炎作用,对细胞免疫没有明显的影响。
目前止咳药的主流是中枢镇咳,比如磷酸可待因,但是有很多副作用,国家规定18岁以下禁用。市场上尚无既能止咳又能化痰的药物;止咳化痰食品中,产品同质化严重,配方雷同,缺乏科学组方依据,组方多为川贝母、枇杷叶、化橘红、甘草、薄荷。
专利CN1775274A公开了一种新的止上咳化痰的药物组合物及其制备方法,该药物组合物主要由以下重量份的原料药制成;化橘红10~40份、百部2~8份、茯苓2~5份、制半夏2~5份、白前2~8份、甘草0.5~3份、苦杏仁5~15份、五味子1~~3份。临床疗效观察证实,该药物对于咳嗽尤其是风寒咳嗽具有显著的疗效,无任何不良反应和毒副作用,临床用药安全。专利CN102370875A公开了一种止咳化痰的泡腾剂及其制备方法。所述药物组合物为:化橘红、陈皮、法半夏、茯苓、款冬花、甘草、瓜蒌皮、紫菀、麦冬、知母、桔梗、地黄、石膏、苦杏仁(去皮炒)、紫苏子(炒)制得的浸膏与泡腾剂辅料组成。其适用于痰热阻肺引起的咳嗽痰多,胸满气短,咽干喉痒。
上述现有技术虽然都使用化橘红作为上咳化痰的药物组分,化橘红的止咳化痰作用非常显著,但使用不方便,剂量难以保证。且化橘红口味很苦,偏中药气味,导致其在食品中的应用受限,对于消费者的依从性较差。另外,上述现有技术的组分复配并未揭示其咳化痰机制,组分复配科学性较差。
发明内容
针对以上现有技术存在的缺点和不足之处,本发明的首要目的在于提供一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物。本发明组合物的复配基于网络药理学对化橘红治疗咳嗽的作用机制进行研究,组分复配科学合理,所得组合物止咳化痰效果明显。且可进一步通过组分合理搭配,改善组合物口味,提升消费者的依从性。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物的制备方法。
本发明的再一目的在于提供上述具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物在功能性食品制备中的应用。
本发明目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物,原料组成按重量份计,包括:化橘红提取物10-30份,蛹虫草提取物10-30份,菊花粉0-40份,百香果粉0-40份,金桔粉0-30份,柠檬果汁粉0-40份,天然薄荷脑0.1-0.6份。
优选的,所述具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物,原料组成按重量份计,包括化橘红提取物13-18份,蛹虫草提取物13-18份,菊花粉20-26份,天然薄荷脑0.1-0.6份。
优选的,所述具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物,原料组成按重量份计,包括化橘红提取物13-18份,蛹虫草提取物13-18份,金桔粉13-18份,柠檬果汁粉18-22份,天然薄荷脑0.1-0.6份。
上述具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将天然薄荷脑和辅料进行加热搅拌混合均匀,得到预混料;
(2)将步骤(1)所得预混料与化橘红提取物、蛹虫草提取物及剩余原料混合均匀,得到混合料;
(3)将步骤(2)的混合料制粒,得到具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物。
进一步地,步骤(1)中所述加热搅拌的时间为5-10min。
进一步地,步骤(3)中所述制粒包括干法制粒、湿法制粒、沸腾制粒方法中的一种或多种。
上述具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物在功能性食品制备中的应用。
进一步地,所述应用步骤为:将具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物与辅料添加剂制备成片剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、液体饮料或糖果等功能性食品。
本发明组方原理如图1~2所示。图1示出了基于本发明组方原理的柚皮苷(Naringin,化橘红主要活性成分)和虫草素(Cordycepin,蛹虫草主要活性成分)治疗咳嗽(Cough)的化合物-疾病-靶点网络图,通过多靶点达到止咳的作用。图2示出了基于本发明组方原理的柚皮苷和虫草素抗炎通路图。其中,柚皮苷通过IL1B、NFKB1等靶点,虫草素通过CASP8、CASP3等靶点共同介导TNF信号通路(TNF signaling pathway),从而调控炎症反应,达到止咳的作用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明基于网络药理学对化橘红治疗咳嗽的作用机制进行研究,通过构建化合物-靶点-疾病相互作用网络,筛选出化橘红发挥镇咳功效的关键化合物-柚皮苷,并对其进行组方研究,筛选出具有抗炎作用的化合物-虫草素。利用柚皮苷和虫草素的协同作用,从而达到止咳的作用。
(2)本发明所述化橘红组合物具有显著的止咳化痰功效,能够用于制备止咳化痰药物、功能食品。
(3)本发明所述化橘红组合物通过改良修饰化橘红本身的苦味,提高了化橘红功能产品的消费者依从性。
附图说明
图1为本发明组方原理的柚皮苷和虫草素治疗咳嗽的化合物-疾病-靶点网络图。
图2为本发明组方原理的柚皮苷和虫草素抗炎通路图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物,由以下重量份数的组分制成:
化橘红提取物15份,蛹虫草提取物15份,菊花粉20份,异麦芽酮糖醇(辅料)34份,新橙皮苷二氢查尔酮(辅料)1份,天然薄荷脑0.2份、三氯蔗糖(辅料)0.2份。
该止咳化痰化橘红组合物的制备方法如下:
(1)将0.2份天然薄荷脑和2份异麦芽酮糖醇进行加热搅拌5-10min混合均匀,过筛,得到预处理原料;
(2)将步骤(1)所得预处理原料与1份新橙皮苷二氢查尔酮按照等量递增法加入到剩余32份异麦芽酮糖醇中,分3次加入,每次混合5分钟,混合均匀,得到预混料;
(3)将步骤(2)所得预混料与15份化橘红提取物、15份蛹虫草提取物、20份菊花粉混合均匀,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)的混合料通过干法制粒、湿法制粒或沸腾制粒方法制粒,得到具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物。
实施例2
本实施例的一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红软糖,由以下重量份数的组分制成:
化橘红提取物15份,蛹虫草提取物15份,金桔粉15份,柠檬果汁粉20份,异麦芽酮糖醇(辅料添加剂)49份,葡萄糖(辅料添加剂)20份,瓜尔豆胶(辅料添加剂)1份,柠檬酸(辅料添加剂)0.2份,罗汉果甜苷(辅料添加剂)0.1份,三氯蔗糖(辅料添加剂)0.1份,天然薄荷脑0.2份,包衣剂(大豆磷脂、木糖醇、焦糖色、水)(辅料添加剂)40份。
该止咳化痰化橘红软糖的制备方法如下:
(1)原辅料过40目筛,天然薄荷脑除外;
(2)将天然薄荷脑0.2份、异麦芽酮糖醇2份混合,在45-60℃下烘3-6min,取出,趁热搅拌均匀,再重复热烘3min,取出,搅拌均匀;
(3)将三氯蔗糖、罗汉果甜苷和、瓜尔豆胶按照等量递增法加入葡萄糖,混合3次,每次10min;
(4)将步骤(2)预处理原料、步骤(3)所得预混粉、剩余的异麦芽酮糖醇、化橘红提取物、蛹虫草提取物、金桔粉、柠檬果汁粉混合,20min;
(5)将步骤(4)所得混合粉加入5份水,搅拌成团、挤条、切粒、滚圆。成型后阴干、包衣;
(6)干燥滚圆、包装,即为止咳化痰化橘红软糖。
实施例3
采用实施例1制备的化橘红组合物(以下简称HJH)为研究对象,进行氨水致小鼠咳嗽实验。
1、实验动物:
SPF级KM小鼠48只,雌雄各半;试验时体重22-27g,6周龄。
2、实验方法:
a.取KM小鼠,于实验前1天将其逐一置于聚乙烯容器(小鼠笼)内。用超声雾化器喷入新鲜的浓氨水,雾化参数2-5,雾化2.5min,观察并记录5min内小鼠咳嗽次数。预试设定参数后,对正式试验动物进行筛选,具体筛选标准根据实际检测咳嗽次数设定标准,剔除不咳嗽或死亡的动物,选出约90%的合格动物。
b.随机分对照组与给药组,每组24只,雌雄各半。
c.给药7d后,将小鼠按上述方法中确定的实验参数进行氨水引咳。观察并记录小鼠的咳嗽潜伏期和10min内咳嗽次数。
3、实验结果:
HJH对咳嗽小鼠的影响结果,如表1、表2所示:
表1 HJH对雄性咳嗽小鼠的影响(n=10)
注:与对应模型组相比,*p<0.05,**p<0.01;
表2 HJH对雌性咳嗽小鼠的影响(n=10)
注:与对应模型组相比,*p<0.05,**p<0.01;
由表1、表2结果可知,与模型组相比,雄性小鼠HJH组小鼠咳嗽次数明显下降,有极其显著性差异,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.01);雌性小鼠HJH组具有显著性差异,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.01)。结果表明,HJH具有辅助小鼠止咳的作用。
实施例4
采用实施例1制备的化橘红组合物(以下简称HJH)为研究对象,进行化痰动物实验。
1.实验动物:
SPF级KM小鼠40只,雌雄各半;试验时体重31-34g,8周龄。
2.实验方法
a.按咳嗽次数随机分对照组与给药组,每组20只,雌雄各半。
b.取KM小鼠,每日按0.1ml/10g体积灌胃给药,连续给药7d。末次给药60min后,腹腔注射1.0%酚红溶液50ml/kg。60min后处死小鼠,剥离颈部气管周围组织,甲状软骨下缘及气管分支处用小血管夹夹住,然后剪下甲状软骨下至气管分支处的一段气管,将各气管段放入预先盛有2ml 5%NaHCO3溶液试管中,旋涡振荡1min。将试管中上清液于酶标仪546nm处测量并记录OD值,根据标准酚红曲线计算酚红含量(μg/ml)。
3.实验结果
HJH对小鼠酚红分泌的影响结果,如表3所示:
表3 HJH对小鼠酚红分泌的影响(n=10)
注:与对应模型组相比,*p<0.05,**p<0.01;
由表3结果可知,与模型组相比,雄性小鼠HJH组、雌性小鼠HJH组的酚红分泌量均有明显上升,有极其显著性差异,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.01)。酚红分泌量反映了气管的排痰量,排痰量越高,相应说明受试样品的祛痰效果越好。结果表明,HJH具有辅助小鼠祛痰的作用。
以上结果表明,本发明由化橘红提取物、蛹虫草提取物等制得的化橘红组合物能够显著减少小鼠的咳嗽次数、显著增加小鼠的气管排痰量,在止咳化痰的功能性产品、药品开发方面具有良好的应用前景。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其它的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物,其特征在于原料组成按重量份计,包括:化橘红提取物10-30份,蛹虫草提取物10-30份,菊花粉0-40份,百香果粉0-40份,金桔粉0-30份,柠檬果汁粉0-40份,天然薄荷脑0.1-0.6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物,其特征在于原料组成按重量份计,包括:化橘红提取物13-18份,蛹虫草提取物13-18份,菊花粉20-26份,天然薄荷脑0.1-0.6份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物,其特征在于原料组成按重量份计,包括:化橘红提取物13-18份,蛹虫草提取物13-18份,金桔粉13-18份,柠檬果汁粉18-22份,天然薄荷脑0.1-0.6份。
4.权利要求1~3任一项所述的一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)将天然薄荷脑和辅料进行加热搅拌混合均匀,得到预混料;
(2)将步骤(1)所得预混料与化橘红提取物、蛹虫草提取物及剩余原料混合均匀,得到混合料;
(3)将步骤(2)的混合料制粒,得到具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述加热搅拌的时间为5-10min。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中所述制粒包括干法制粒、湿法制粒、沸腾制粒方法中的一种或多种。
7.权利要求1~3任一项所述的一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物在功能性食品制备中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物在功能性食品制备中的应用,其特征在于所述应用步骤为:将具有止咳化痰功效的化橘红组合物与辅料添加剂制备成片剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、液体饮料或糖果功能性食品。
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