CN1129798A - 热交换管 - Google Patents

热交换管 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1129798A
CN1129798A CN95115917A CN95115917A CN1129798A CN 1129798 A CN1129798 A CN 1129798A CN 95115917 A CN95115917 A CN 95115917A CN 95115917 A CN95115917 A CN 95115917A CN 1129798 A CN1129798 A CN 1129798A
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China
Prior art keywords
fin
pipe
tube
heat transfer
heat
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Granted
Application number
CN95115917A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN1084874C (zh
Inventor
罗伯特·H·L·基安
杰克·L·埃斯佛姆斯
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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Publication of CN1129798A publication Critical patent/CN1129798A/zh
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Publication of CN1084874C publication Critical patent/CN1084874C/zh
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/124—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and being formed of pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F28F13/187—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings especially adapted for evaporator surfaces or condenser surfaces, e.g. with nucleation sites
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/26—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means being integral with the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于壳管型空调冷却器中的改进型热交换管。对应于管外径在一规定范围内的铜或铜合金管子规定了翅片高度和翅片密度的范围及翅片高度同管子外径之间的比值，使得此热交换管达到改善其制造性能、热交换性能和流体流动特性的目的。

Description

热交换管
本发明总地涉及热交换管。尤其是，发明涉及一种热交换管，其最适用于管中流过的流体与浸没管子的流体之间的热交换。
许多空调系统都含有壳管式热交换器。壳管式热交换器中有许多盛装在一单个壳体中的管子。这些管子通常用以为待冷却的流体提供许多并行地通过热交换器的流径。最普通的壳管式热交换器是空调水冷却器。在一水冷却器中，水流经管子。这些管子被浸于流经热交换器壳体的致冷剂中。水由热交换器通过管壁来冷却。交换的热量使与管子的外表面接触的致冷剂汽化。
为了效率和经济性，并减小装置的重量和体积，空调系统的设计者力求使系统中热交换器的热交换能力最大而流体流动损失最小。壳管式冷却器的热交换性能主要决定于装置中各管子的热交换特性。通过管子时的流动损失取决于管子的内表面形状和内部横截面积。而内部横截面积又取决于管子的内径。
增加表面积能改善管子的热交换性能。外表面面积可通过设置翅片来增加。空调冷却器管通常由铜或一种铜合金制成，通过加工管壁金属可在管子的外表面形成翅片。冷却器铜管上的翅片通常呈一或多圈螺旋线状或“翘曲”状。一般说来，翅片越高，热交换性能改善越好。但是翅片越高，其从管壁上需要的材料也要越多。管壁厚度必须提供足够的管壁中的脆裂强度。因此，在给定原始壁厚的管子上形成的翅片存有一可能的最大高度。增加翅片管外表面面积的另一种方法是增加翅片的密度，也就是管子单位长度内翅片的数量。但是，出于同翅片最大高度受限制相类似的原因，如果要在管壁中保持足够的脆裂强度，翅片的最大密度也要受限制。对于加工制造方面的考虑则决定了对翅片的高度和密度的实际限值，因为在冷却器管上形成高度很高且布置得较密的翅片会造成加工翅片所需的工具上的负载过大。
管子的内部形状也会对其热交换性能产生影响。内部肋条可增加裸露于管中的流体的管子的内表面积，从而提高了热交换性能。内部形状还能改善管中影响流体与管壁之间的热交换速度的流动状况。在铜或铜合金空调冷却器管中，用以增强热交换性能的管内的改善结构诸如肋条等，由管壁金属形成。与外部的改善结构情况类似，肋条的高度不可太大而导致管壁中脆裂强度不够。此外，内表面的改善结构不可过度地增大管子对流体流动的阻力。由于流阻很大程度地取决于管子的内横截面积，因此，做到管子内径尽可能大是很重要的。
对于一直径给定和由给定材料制成的管子，设计人员可计算出提供一必要脆裂和机械强度所需的最小管壁厚。这样，如果设计人员要想在已知公称壁厚的坯料管管壁上制出翅片和可能有的肋条以加强热交换能力，只要确定翅片高度、翅片厚度和加工后的管外径后就可定出管子的最终内径。
空调冷却器通常是使用加工后外径在1.1到2.7厘米(0.45到1.05英寸)范围内的管子。
本发明是一种具有外部表面积改善结构的热交换管，对于其一定的加工后的公称外部尺寸，该改善结构可优化其制造性能、热交换性能和内部流体流动特性。通过确定翅片高度、翅片密度和管子外径可实现此优化。为了在给定外径和由一给定材料制成的管子中获得一给定的脆裂强度，管壁必须具有一给定的厚度，因此，确定管子外径、翅片高度和翅片密度也直接决定了管子的内径。
附图表示的是按本发明的技术制成的热交换管沿其纵向中心轴线剖开的剖视图。
该图示出了本发明的热交换管10。管子10具有管壁11、外部翅片改善结构12和可能有的肋条改善结构13。管壁11的厚度为Tw。翅片改善结构中翅片的高度为Hf。翅片改善结构12有一翅片密度，也就是直径为Df(图中未示)的管子的单位长度上翅片的数量。翅片改善结构12具有至少一条螺旋翅片圈。管子10具有外径Do。
为了改善常用于壳管型的空调系统热交换器或冷却器中的、外径在1.14到2.69厘米(0.45到1.05英寸)之间的热交换管的制造性能、热交换性能和流体流动特性，翅片高度应为0.4到0.64毫米(0.016到0.025英寸)之间，翅片密度应为每厘米21到39个翅片(每英寸53—99个翅片)之间。

Claims (1)

1.一种由铜或铜合金制成的、具有至少一条外部翅片回旋圈的、管外径(Do)在1.14到2.69厘米(0.45到1.05英寸)之间的改进型热交换管，其改进包括：
所述翅片的高度(Hf)在0.4到0.64毫米(0.016到0.025英寸)之间；
翅片密度在每厘米21到39个翅片(每英寸53—99个翅片)之间。
CN95115917A 1994-09-12 1995-09-11 热交换管 Expired - Fee Related CN1084874C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30429594A 1994-09-12 1994-09-12
US304,295 1994-09-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1129798A true CN1129798A (zh) 1996-08-28
CN1084874C CN1084874C (zh) 2002-05-15

Family

ID=23175894

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN95115917A Expired - Fee Related CN1084874C (zh) 1994-09-12 1995-09-11 热交换管

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5832995A (zh)
EP (1) EP0701100A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH08110187A (zh)
KR (1) KR960011374A (zh)
CN (1) CN1084874C (zh)
BR (1) BR9503988A (zh)
CA (1) CA2156355A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103591829A (zh) * 2013-11-05 2014-02-19 佛山神威热交换器有限公司 双向强化传热管换热器
CN112296122A (zh) * 2020-10-14 2021-02-02 江苏隆达超合金股份有限公司 高翅片白铜合金高效管制造工艺

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CN100365369C (zh) * 2005-08-09 2008-01-30 江苏萃隆铜业有限公司 蒸发器热交换管
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CZ305768B6 (cs) * 2010-04-02 2016-03-09 Halla Visteon Climate Control Corporation Chladič
DE102014002829A1 (de) * 2014-02-27 2015-08-27 Wieland-Werke Ag Metallisches Wärmeaustauscherrohr
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CN110195994B (zh) * 2019-04-29 2021-07-13 西安交通大学 一种高效复合双侧强化传热管

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103591829A (zh) * 2013-11-05 2014-02-19 佛山神威热交换器有限公司 双向强化传热管换热器
CN112296122A (zh) * 2020-10-14 2021-02-02 江苏隆达超合金股份有限公司 高翅片白铜合金高效管制造工艺
CN112296122B (zh) * 2020-10-14 2023-06-30 江苏隆达超合金股份有限公司 高翅片白铜合金高效管制造工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9503988A (pt) 1996-09-24
US5832995A (en) 1998-11-10
EP0701100A1 (en) 1996-03-13
JPH08110187A (ja) 1996-04-30
KR960011374A (ko) 1996-04-20
CA2156355A1 (en) 1996-03-13
CN1084874C (zh) 2002-05-15

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