CN112978828B - Humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system and method for solar agricultural greenhouse in winter - Google Patents
Humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system and method for solar agricultural greenhouse in winter Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system and a treatment method for a winter solar agricultural greenhouse belong to the field of solar brackish water desalination. The treatment system organically combines a solar brackish water desalination technology and a ventilation and temperature increasing technology. The heat source generated by heating the solar heat collection device can meet the condition that brackish water spray liquid drops are subjected to falling film evaporation, can stably operate within a wider temperature range, and has better adaptability to a solar heat supply system with larger temperature fluctuation. The hot water circulating system adopts automatic circulation, has low energy consumption and can fully utilize solar energy. The system has the advantages of simple structure, fewer parts, no need of complex saline water pretreatment processes, separation of the systems, adoption of a targeted technology to strengthen each process in the brackish water desalination process, improvement of the energy utilization efficiency of each process, great selection space for device materials, low and controllable cost, good economic benefit and good adaptability to greenhouse planting in yellow river watershed in winter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a winter solar agricultural greenhouse humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system and a treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of brackish water desalination and agricultural greenhouses.
Background
The average fresh water occupancy of China is only 1968 cubic meters which is 1/4 of the average level in the world, and meanwhile, the water resource distribution of China is extremely unbalanced, more than 80 percent of the total water resource is distributed in southern areas, and the northern yellow river basin serving as the main grain production area of China becomes the area which is most short of water resources of China. The brackish water resources which can be exploited by China are mainly distributed on the Ordos plateau, the plain of Yinchuan and the Delta of the yellow river at the downstream of the yellow river, and the region is also the region with most abundant solar energy radiation in China. With the implementation of national strategies for ecological protection and high-quality development of the yellow river basin, the efficient utilization of solar energy for brackish water desalination becomes a necessary route for ecological high-quality development of the yellow river basin.
The existing brackish water desalination methods mainly comprise a distillation method, a reverse osmosis membrane method, a freezing method, an electrodialysis method, a solvent extraction method, a hydrate method, an ion exchange method, a material absorption and adsorption method, an air humidification and dehumidification method and the like. The existing technologies applied to the desalination of bitter mainly comprise a distillation method and a reverse osmosis membrane method. The brackish water desalination site has no waste heat or waste heat, so that the energy consumption of desalination by a distillation method is too high, the quality of brackish water is complex, membrane pollution is easily caused, the water treatment efficiency is reduced, the water treatment cost is increased by replacing a reverse osmosis membrane, and the investment, operation and conveying costs of other brackish water desalination methods are higher. The existing brackish water desalination technology is not combined with local natural conditions according to local conditions, so that the existing brackish water desalination technology is difficult to popularize and use in yellow river watersheds.
By effectively utilizing solar energy, crops planted in the greenhouse can be harvested for a long time by neglecting seasons and weakening the influence of the external environment. The climate of the yellow river basin has the characteristics of strong illumination, large evaporation, small humidity, large temperature difference and the like, and meanwhile, the planting of crops is influenced by seasons, external environments, hydrological conditions and the like, so the solar brackish water desalination technology is an effective way for solving the problems of insufficient water and climate in agricultural planting of the yellow river basin so as to improve the yield of the crops.
The Chinese patent with publication number CN208639229U discloses a light energy greenhouse for brackish water desalination and soilless culture, which combines a solar energy light energy heat collecting system and a low-temperature multi-effect brackish water desalination system, but the investment of a heat collector, a heat reservoir, a heat exchanger and the like is high, so that the water making cost of the system is high and the system cannot be applied to common agricultural irrigation.
Chinese patent publication No. CN108476823A discloses a humidification-dehumidification type brackish water desalination system for agricultural greenhouses, which combines the technologies of agricultural greenhouses, humidification-dehumidification separation and solar evaporation, but only depends on the low relative humidity of the humid hot air generated by evaporation, long single cycle time and low water production efficiency. The characteristic of the yellow river basin that the sand is blown by wind is large, so that the high-light-transmission film material adopted by the system is easily shielded by sand, the efficiency of solar evaporation of the bitter and salty water is reduced, and the system is not suitable for planting in agricultural greenhouses of the yellow river basin.
The winter is the most severe time of the temperature change of crops planted in the agricultural greenhouse. The temperature in the greenhouse is low in the morning and evening, if the greenhouse meets fine weather, the temperature can rise rapidly in the daytime, the temperature can be greatly changed, the damp damage and the freezing damage can be generated, and a hotbed is created for the occurrence of diseases, so that the agricultural greenhouse needs to be well insulated and ventilated in winter. The existing heat-insulating and ventilating system for the solar agricultural greenhouse in winter mainly comprises a solar heat collector matched with a forced ventilating system, a solar sunlight greenhouse hot air pressure ventilating system, a buffer chamber and the like. The solar heat collector is arranged on the wall of the greenhouse in combination with the forced ventilation system, and the solar heat collector is expensive in manufacturing cost and high in cost. For the solar sunlight greenhouse hot air pressure ventilation system, when outdoor air with too low temperature enters the greenhouse, the outdoor air can be contacted with crops to freeze the crops due to insufficient heat exchange. Set up buffer room ventilation interval time longer, it is limited to the effect that weakens of wet evil problem, can not continuous effectual control wet evil problem, buffer room occupies extra soil moreover and can crowd and occupy limited soil planting resource.
The prior agricultural greenhouse for solar brackish water desalination in yellow river basin in winter has the following problems:
(1) The investment cost of a heat collector, a heat reservoir, a heat exchanger and the like in a common solar brackish water desalination mode is too high, and the solar brackish water desalination method is not suitable for planting large-scale economic crops.
(2) The solar brackish water desalination agricultural greenhouse combining the solar evaporation technology with high-light-transmittance materials is not suitable for the characteristic of windy and sandy climate in the yellow river basin.
(3) The common winter solar agricultural greenhouse heat-preservation ventilation system has the problems of single function, high cost, easiness in freezing crops and the like, and importantly, a large amount of fresh water resources are consumed without using brackish water of a yellow river basin, and the popularization and development of the technology are restricted by the shortage of the fresh water resources in the area.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system and a treatment method for a solar agricultural greenhouse in winter. The solar energy brackish water desalination technology and the ventilation and temperature increasing technology are organically combined by the processing system, the air entering the greenhouse is heated and humidified by the solar energy heat-driven horizontal pipe humidifying device, and the air is secondarily heated and humidified by the greenhouse planting area, so that the water yield of brackish water desalination is improved, the fresh water demand of greenhouse planting is met, the effective regulation of temperature and humidity in the greenhouse is economically and effectively realized, and the yield of crops is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a winter solar agricultural greenhouse humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system comprises a greenhouse and crops planted in the greenhouse, wherein a solar cell panel is arranged above the greenhouse, and the system further comprises a hot water circulation system, a brackish water circulation system and an air circulation system;
the hot water circulating system comprises a solar heat collecting device arranged outside the greenhouse and a horizontal pipe humidifying device arranged inside the greenhouse, a separation wall is arranged between the horizontal pipe humidifying device and crops, the horizontal pipe humidifying device comprises a water inlet pipe, a horizontal pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet of the horizontal pipe is connected with the water inlet pipe, the water outlet of the horizontal pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe, the water outlet of a solar heat collecting water tank at the top of the solar heat collecting device is connected with the hot water inlet of the water inlet pipe, the hot water outlet of the water outlet pipe is connected with the water return port at the bottom of the solar heat collecting device, and the height difference between the solar heat collecting water tank and the water inlet pipe is at least 1 meter;
the brackish water circulation system comprises a brackish water tank, a brackish water pump, a dehumidifying cooler, a spraying device, a secondary humidifying device, a water collecting tank and a fresh water tank, wherein the brackish water tank is arranged right below the horizontal pipe humidifying device, the spraying device is arranged right above the horizontal pipe humidifying device, the secondary humidifying device and the dehumidifying cooler are sequentially arranged on the upper right of crops from left to right, a brackish water outlet of the brackish water tank is connected with a water inlet at the bottom of the dehumidifying cooler through the brackish water pump, one branch of a water outlet at the top of the dehumidifying cooler is connected with the water inlet of the spraying device through a spraying valve, the other branch of the water outlet is connected with the water inlet at the top of the secondary humidifying device through a telescopic water inlet pipe, a water outlet at the bottom of the secondary humidifying device is connected with the water inlet of the water collecting tank, a water outlet of the water collecting tank is connected with the water inlet at the right side of the brackish water tank through a telescopic water drain pipe, a water replenishing pipe is connected with a ball float valve arranged inside the brackish water tank, a filter screen is arranged on the brackish water outlet, the fresh water tank is arranged right below the dehumidifying cooler, and the fresh water pump is connected with a drainage pipe;
the air circulation system comprises an induced draft fan and a gas-liquid separation sieve, the induced draft fan is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the greenhouse, an air inlet pipe of the induced draft fan penetrates through the wall of the greenhouse and extends to the side below a dehumidification cooler in the greenhouse, an air outlet pipe penetrates through the wall of the greenhouse and extends to the side below a horizontal pipe humidifying device in the greenhouse, the gas-liquid separation sieve is arranged at the upper part of the isolation wall, a brackish water recovery box is arranged at the position right below the gas-liquid separation sieve on the isolation wall, and an air inlet is arranged at the position on the left side of the horizontal pipe humidifying device on the greenhouse;
the solar cell panel is electrically connected with the brackish water pump, the fresh water pump and the draught fan.
The processing method for humidifying and warming brackish water desalination of the solar agricultural greenhouse in winter comprises the following steps:
a) In a hot water circulating system, circulating water is heated to 50-70 ℃ in a solar heat collecting device and enters a solar heat collecting water tank, hot water enters a horizontal pipe from the solar heat collecting water tank under the action of thermosiphon, hot water in the horizontal pipe discharges air outside a sensible heat heating pipe and a brackish water liquid film, and water at 35-45 ℃ after heat exchange returns to the solar heat collecting device through a hot water outlet of a water outlet pipe under the action of gravity for circulating heating;
b) In an air circulation system, after being dehumidified by a dehumidifying condenser, 20-30 ℃ dry air, 25-35% of the dry air is discharged out of a greenhouse from an external air outlet, the rest 65-75% of the dry air enters the lower part of a horizontal pipe humidifying device through an air outlet pipe under the drive of a draught fan and is mixed with cold air entering the interior of the greenhouse from-15 ℃ to-5 ℃ through an air inlet, the mixed air at 7-11 ℃ upwards and transversely passes through a horizontal pipe bundle of the horizontal pipe humidifying device, the air is heated by hot water in the horizontal pipe outside the horizontal pipe and is simultaneously humidified by a bitter saline water liquid film outside the horizontal pipe, and after the bitter saline water liquid drops are separated from the wet air with the relative humidity of 85-90% at 25-30 ℃ through a gas-liquid separation sieve, the wet air with the temperature of 30-35 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65-70 percent is secondarily humidified by honeycomb paper filler and is changed into wet air with the temperature of 28-33 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90-95 percent, the wet air after secondary humidification enters a dehumidification condenser for dehumidification to obtain dry air with the temperature of 20-30 ℃, the dry air returns to the lower part of the horizontal tube humidification device under the action of an induced draft fan for recycling, and condensed fresh water generated in the dehumidification process is collected into a fresh water pool under the action of gravity;
c) In a brackish water circulation system, brackish water at 5-10 ℃ in a brackish water pool is filtered by a filter screen on a brackish water outlet and then enters a condensation pipe of a dehumidification condenser, the brackish water in the pipe absorbs heat emitted by wet air at 28-33 ℃ outside the pipe, the temperature is raised to 13-18 ℃, the brackish water at 13-18 ℃ is divided into two parts, 10-15 percent of the brackish water at 13-18 ℃ enters a secondary humidifying device through a telescopic water inlet pipe, the air is secondarily humidified and then collected in a water collecting tank and then returned to the brackish water pool, the rest 85-90 percent of the brackish water at 13-18 ℃ enters a spraying device through a spraying valve, the brackish water is sprayed to the outer wall surface of a horizontal pipe of the horizontal pipe humidifying device through the spraying device to form a uniform brackish water liquid film, the heat in the absorption horizontal pipe is subjected to falling film evaporation, the generated steam is absorbed by the air outside the pipe, and the non-evaporated brackish water returns to the brackish water pool under the action of gravity;
d) When the water level in the brackish water pool is reduced to the lower limit of the water level, the ball float valve is opened to supplement brackish water into the brackish water pool to the set upper limit liquid level, and fresh water in the fresh water pool is pumped out by the fresh water pump to be used for irrigating crops in the greenhouse.
The technical scheme is characterized in that: the solar heat collection device is used as a heat source of the horizontal pipe humidifying device, so that the temperature of cold air humidification is improved, and the efficient humidification of the cold air is realized under the condition that an external power heat source is not needed; after the wet air absorbs solar radiation in the greenhouse, the temperature is increased, the relative humidity is reduced, and secondary humidification of the wet air is realized; the dehumidified dry air is recycled, so that the temperature of the air at the inlet of the horizontal pipe humidifying device is increased, and the cyclic utilization of solar heat is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system and a treatment method for a winter solar agricultural greenhouse are disclosed. According to the humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system and method for the winter solar agricultural greenhouse, solar energy and the greenhouse are used for carrying out brackish water desalination, the fresh water requirement of greenhouse planting is met, and the system and method are suitable for yellow river basins which are lack of fresh water, rich in brackish water and cold in winter. The automatic circulation of hot water in the solar heat collecting device is used for providing heat for the horizontal pipe humidifying device, the temperature of air humidification is improved under the condition that external electric energy and fuel are not consumed, the air humidification efficiency is improved, the temperature of a solar heat collecting water tank in the solar heat collecting device is adjusted according to the temperature of ambient cold air, and the temperature application range of the cold air humidification in winter is widened. The length space of the greenhouse is utilized to heat up the humid air, so that the secondary humidification of the humid air is realized, and the brackish water desalination efficiency is improved. The dehumidified dry air is recycled for the primary humidification process, the dry air inlet temperature of the primary humidification process is increased, the primary humidification process efficiency is improved, and the heat required by the horizontal pipe humidification device is reduced, so that the investment of the solar heat collection device is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a humidification-warming type brackish water desalination system of a winter solar agricultural greenhouse.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the horizontal tube humidifying device of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the air circulation system of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. the greenhouse comprises a greenhouse body, a partition wall, a brackish water recovery box, a solar heat collection device, a solar heat collection water tank, a horizontal pipe humidifying device, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a horizontal pipe, a water outlet pipe, a brackish water tank, a brackish water outlet, a water replenishing pipe and a floating body, wherein the greenhouse body comprises a main body 1a, a partition wall, a main body 1b, a brackish water recovery box, a main body 1c, an air inlet, a main body 2, crops, a main body 3, a solar heat collection device, a solar heat collection water tank, a horizontal pipe humidifying device 4, a water inlet pipe, a horizontal pipe 4b, a horizontal pipe 4c, a water outlet pipe 5, a brackish water tank, a brackish water outlet, a brackish water replenishing pipe 5a brackish water replenishing pipe and a floating body 5cBall valve, 6, brackish water pump, 7, dehumidifying cooler, 8, spraying device, 8a, spraying valve, 9, secondary humidifying device, 9a, telescopic water inlet pipe, 9b, honeycomb paper filler, 10, water collecting tank, 10a, telescopic water discharge pipe, 11, fresh water pool, 11a, fresh water pump, 12, draught fan, 12a, air inlet pipe, 12b and air outlet pipe,12c、outer air exhaust port13, gas-liquid separation sieve.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, the connection between the devices is referred to as using a pipe connection.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a humidification-warming type brackish water desalination system of a winter solar agricultural greenhouse. In the figure, the humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system for the winter solar agricultural greenhouse comprises a greenhouse 1 and crops 2 planted in the greenhouse 1, wherein a solar cell panel 14 is arranged above the greenhouse 1, and the humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system further comprises a hot water circulation system, a brackish water circulation system and an air circulation system.
The hot water circulating system comprises a solar heat collecting device 3 arranged outside the greenhouse 1 and a horizontal pipe humidifying device 4 arranged inside the greenhouse 1, a separation wall 1a is arranged between the horizontal pipe humidifying device 4 and the crops 2, the horizontal pipe humidifying device 4 comprises a water inlet pipe 4a, a horizontal pipe 4b and a water outlet pipe 4c, the water inlet of the horizontal pipe 4b is connected with the water inlet pipe 4a, the water outlet is connected with the water outlet pipe 4c (shown in figure 2), the water outlet of a solar heat collecting water tank 3a at the top of the solar heat collecting device 3 is connected with the hot water inlet of the water inlet pipe 4a, the hot water outlet of the water outlet pipe 4c is connected with the water return port at the bottom of the solar heat collecting device 3, and the height difference between the solar heat collecting water tank 3a and the water inlet pipe 4a is at least 1 meter.
Bitter water circulating system contains bitter pond 5, bitter pump 6, dehumidification cooler 7, spray set 8, second grade humidification device 9, header tank 10 and fresh water pond 11, set up bitter pond 5 under horizontal pipe humidification device 4, set up spray set 8 directly over, second grade humidification device 9 and dehumidification cooler 7 establish in proper order in the upper right side of crops 2 from a left side to the right side, bitter delivery port 5a of bitter pond 5 connects the water inlet of dehumidification cooler 7 bottom through bitter pump 6, a branch road of delivery port at dehumidification cooler 7 top passes through spray valve 8a and connects the water inlet of spray set 8, another branch road connects the water inlet at second grade humidification device 9 top through flexible inlet tube 9a, the water inlet of header tank 10 is connected to the delivery port of second grade humidification device 9 bottom, the delivery port of header tank 10 connects the water inlet on bitter pond 5 right side through flexible drain pipe 10a, water supplement pipe 5b connects the bitter 5c that sets up inside bitter pond 5a, set up the filter screen on bitter delivery port 5a, set up fresh water pipe 11 under the dehumidification cooler 7, the delivery port of fresh water pond 11 connects the water outlet pipe 11a through water pump 11.
Air circulating system contains draught fan 12 and gas-liquid separation sieve 13, draught fan 12 sets up in the outside bottom of big-arch shelter 1, the air-supply line 12a of draught fan 12 passes the big-arch shelter wall and extends the side below of dehumidification cooler (7) in the big-arch shelter 1, it passes big canopy wall and extends the side below of horizontal pipe humidification device 4 in the big-arch shelter 1 to go out tuber pipe 12b, gas-liquid separation sieve 13 establishes on the upper portion of divider wall 1a, bitter recovery box 1b establishes the position under gas-liquid separation sieve 13 on divider wall 1a, the left position of horizontal pipe humidification device 4 sets up air intake 1c on the big-arch shelter 1.
The solar cell panel 14 is electrically connected with the brackish water pump 6, the fresh water pump 11a and the induced draft fan 12.
The treatment method of the winter solar agricultural greenhouse humidification-warming type brackish water desalination treatment system comprises the following steps:
a) In a hot water circulating system, circulating water is heated to 50-70 ℃ in a solar heat collecting device 3, the height difference between a solar heat collecting water tank 3a and a hot water inlet of a water inlet pipe 4a of a horizontal pipe humidifying device 4 is 1 meter, hot water enters a horizontal pipe 4b of the horizontal pipe humidifying device 4 from the hot water inlet of the water inlet pipe 4a along a hot water feeding pipe from the solar heat collecting water tank 3a under the action of thermosiphon, the hot water in the horizontal pipe 4b emits sensible heat to heat an outer bitter saline water film, and water with the temperature of 35-45 ℃ in the horizontal pipe 4b after heat exchange returns to the solar heat collecting device 3 from a hot water outlet of a water outlet pipe 4c of the horizontal pipe humidifying device through a hot water sewer pipe and a water return port at the bottom of the solar heat collecting device for circulating heating.
b) In the air circulation system, in order to maintain the air quality in the greenhouse, 25-35% of dry air at 20-30 ℃ dehumidified by the dehumidifying condenser 7 is discharged out of the greenhouse from the outer air outlet 12c under the drive of the induced draft fan 12, and the rest 65-75% of the dry air enters the bottom part of the outer side of the horizontal pipe humidifying device 4 through the air outlet pipe 12 b. Cold air at-15 to-5 ℃ outside the greenhouse 1 enters the lower part of the horizontal pipe humidifying device 4 from the air inlet 1c under the action of pressure difference, mixed air at 7 to 11 ℃ mixed with dehumidified dry air passes upwards and transversely across the horizontal pipe bundle of the horizontal pipe humidifying device 4, the air is heated by hot water in the pipe and is humidified by a bitter salt water liquid film outside the pipe outside the horizontal pipe 4b, the bitter salt water liquid drops mixed in the wet air are separated under the action of the gas-liquid separation screen 13 after the air is heated and humidified by wet air at the relative humidity of 85 to 90 percent at the temperature of 25 to 30 ℃, the bitter salt water liquid drops are collected in the bitter salt water drop recovery box 1b and overflow to the bitter salt water pool 5, the separated wet air absorbs solar radiation heat when flowing over crops 2, the temperature rises to 30 to 35 ℃ and falls to 65 to 70 percent, the position of the secondary humidifying device 9 is adjusted along the length direction of the greenhouse according to the temperature in the greenhouse, so as to adjust the relative humidity of secondary unsaturated air, the unsaturated wet air passes through the honeycomb humidifying device 9, the secondary humidifying device 9, the relative humidity of the bitter salt water drops in the secondary humidifying device 9 to be increased to be 28 to be evaporated to be 33 ℃, and the temperature of the bitter salt water to be increased to be 95 to be evaporated under the effect of the secondary humidifying device 9 to be 33 ℃ under the effect of the secondary humidifying device 9 in the secondary humidifying device 9. The wet air after secondary humidification is dehumidified outside the dehumidification condenser 7 to obtain dry air at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, water vapor in the wet air is condensed into fresh water and is collected into a fresh water pool 11 under the action of gravity, and the dry air returns to the lower part of the horizontal pipe humidification device 4 under the action of an induced draft fan 12a through an air inlet pipeline 12a to be recycled.
c) In the brackish water circulation system, under the action of the pumping power of a brackish water pump 6, brackish water at about 5-10 ℃ in a brackish water pool 5 enters a condenser pipe of a dehumidifying condenser 7 after being filtered by a filter screen on a brackish water outlet 5a, after the brackish water in the pipe absorbs heat released by cooling of wet air at 28-33 ℃ outside the pipe, the brackish water with the temperature raised to 13-18 ℃ flows out of a water outlet of the dehumidifying condenser 7 and is divided into two paths, wherein 10-15% of the brackish water enters a secondary humidifying device 9 through a telescopic water inlet pipe 9a, the brackish water after the secondary humidifying process is collected in a water collecting tank 10 at the bottom of the secondary humidifying device 9 and then returns to the brackish water pool 5, the rest 85-90% of the brackish water enters a spraying device 8 through a spraying valve 8a, the brackish water in the spraying device 8 is sprayed to the outer wall surface of a horizontal pipe bundle of a horizontal pipe device 4 through the spraying pipe to form a uniform brackish liquid film, the heat released by the hot water in a horizontal pipe 4b of the liquid film is evaporated, and the vapor film is absorbed by the air outside the horizontal pipe, and the bitter water returns to the bitter water under the action of the gravity 5.
d) When the water level in the brackish water pool 5 is lowered to the lower limit of the water level, the ball float valve 5c is opened to supply brackish water to the brackish water pool 5 to reach a set upper limit liquid level, and after the brackish water in the brackish water pool 5 is filtered by the filter screen to remove particles in the brackish water, the brackish water is pumped out by the brackish water pump 6 and enters a condensation pipe of the dehumidification condenser 7. The condensed water after the dehumidification of the humid air outside the dehumidification condenser 7 tube enters the fresh water tank 11 under the action of gravity, and the fresh water in the fresh water tank 11 is pumped out by the fresh water pump 11a to be used for the irrigation of greenhouse crops.
By adopting the technical scheme, the solar brackish water desalination technology and the ventilation and temperature increasing technology are organically combined, and the brackish water desalination is carried out by utilizing solar energy and the greenhouse, so that the fresh water requirement of greenhouse planting is met, and the solar brackish water desalination device is suitable for yellow river basins which are lack of fresh water, rich in brackish water and cold in winter; the automatic circulation of hot water in the solar heat collecting device is used for providing heat for the horizontal pipe humidifying device, the air humidifying temperature is increased under the condition that external electric energy and fuel are not consumed, so that the air humidifying efficiency is improved, the temperature of a solar heat collecting water tank in the solar heat collecting device is adjusted according to the temperature of ambient cold air, and the temperature application range of the cold air humidifying in winter is widened; the temperature of the humid air is raised by utilizing the length space of the greenhouse, so that the secondary humidification of the humid air is realized, and the efficiency of desalinating brackish water is improved; the dehumidified dry air is recycled for a primary humidification process, the dry air inlet temperature of the primary humidification process is increased, the primary humidification process efficiency is improved, and the heat required by the horizontal pipe humidification device is reduced, so that the investment of the solar heat collection device is reduced.
The heat source heated by the solar heat collecting device can meet the condition of falling film evaporation of brackish water spray liquid drops, does not react strongly to temperature, can stably operate in a wider temperature range, and has better adaptability to a solar heat supply system with larger temperature change fluctuation. The hot water circulating system realizes automatic circulation, has low energy consumption and can fully utilize solar energy. The system does not need a complex saline water pretreatment process, has a simple structure and fewer parts, is separated from each other, can adopt a targeted technology to strengthen each process in the brackish water desalination, improves the energy utilization efficiency of each process, has a large selection space for the materials of devices, and has low cost, controllability and good economic benefit. Can be well suitable for the greenhouse planting in the yellow river basin in winter.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or may equally replace some or all of the technical features; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A treatment method of a winter solar agricultural greenhouse humidification-temperature-increasing type brackish water desalination treatment system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in a hot water circulating system, circulating water is heated to 50-70 ℃ in a solar heat collecting device (3) and enters a solar heat collecting water tank (3 a), hot water enters a horizontal pipe (4 b) from the solar heat collecting water tank (3 a) under the action of thermosiphon, hot water in the horizontal pipe (4 b) releases air outside a sensible heat heating pipe and a brackish water liquid film, and water at 35-45 ℃ after heat exchange returns to the solar heat collecting device (3) through a hot water outlet of a water outlet pipe (4 c) under the action of gravity for circulating heating;
in an air circulation system, after being dehumidified by a dehumidifying cooler (7), dry air with the temperature of 20-30 ℃ is driven by a draught fan (12), 25-35% of the dry air is discharged to the outside of the greenhouse from an external air outlet (12 c), the rest 65-75% of the dry air enters the lower part of a horizontal pipe humidifying device (4) through an air outlet pipe (12 b), mixing with cold air of-15 to-5 ℃ outside and entering the greenhouse (1) through an air inlet (1 c), wherein the mixed air of 7 to 11 ℃ upwards and transversely flows across a horizontal tube bundle of a horizontal tube humidifying device (4), the air is heated by hot water in the horizontal tube (4 b) outside the horizontal tube, at the same time, the bitter salt water is humidified by a bitter salt water liquid film outside the pipe, after the bitter salt water liquid drops are separated from the wet air with the relative humidity of 85 to 90 percent at the temperature of between 25 and 30 ℃ by a gas-liquid separation sieve (13), the wet air with the temperature raised to 30-35 ℃ and the relative humidity reduced to 65-70% enters a secondary humidifying device (9) and is secondarily humidified by honeycomb paper filler (9 b) to become wet air with the temperature of 28-33 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90-95%, the wet air after secondary humidification enters a dehumidifying cooler (7) for dehumidification to obtain dry air with the temperature of 20-30 ℃, the dry air returns to the lower part of a horizontal pipe humidifying device (4) under the action of an induced draft fan (12) for recycling, and condensed fresh water generated in the dehumidification process is collected to a fresh water pool (11) under the action of gravity;
in a brackish water circulation system, brackish water with the temperature of 5-10 ℃ in a brackish water pool (5) enters a condensation pipe of a dehumidification cooler (7) after being filtered by a filter screen on a brackish water outlet (5 a), the brackish water in the pipe absorbs heat released by humid air with the temperature of 28-33 ℃ outside the pipe, the temperature is raised to 13-18 ℃, the brackish water with the temperature of 13-18 ℃ is divided into two parts, 10-15 percent of the brackish water with the temperature of 13-18 ℃ enters a secondary humidifying device (9) through a telescopic water inlet pipe (9 a), air is secondarily humidified and then collected in a water collecting tank (10) and then returns to the brackish water pool (5), the rest 85-90 percent of the brackish water with the temperature of 13-18 ℃ enters a spraying device (8) through a spraying valve (8 a), the rest brackish water with the temperature of 13-18 ℃ is sprayed to the outer wall surface of a horizontal pipe (4 b) of the horizontal pipe humidifying device (4) through the spraying device (8) to form uniform brackish water, the brackish water, a liquid film absorbs the heat in the horizontal pipe (4 b) to generate falling film evaporation, and the steam is absorbed by the air and the effect of the heavy water which is not returned to the bitter water outside the bitter water (5);
when the water level in the brackish water pool (5) is reduced to the lower limit of the water level, the ball float valve (5 c) is opened to supplement brackish water into the brackish water pool (5) to the set upper limit liquid level, and fresh water in the fresh water pool (11) is pumped out by the fresh water pump (11 a) to be used for irrigation of crops in the greenhouse (1).
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| CN113994834B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-01-10 | 北京四良科技有限公司 | Humidification type radiator for greenhouse |
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| CN108190987A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-22 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of two-stage humidifies heat pump sea water desalting apparatus |
| CN108476823B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2021-01-12 | 天津城建大学 | Humidifying-dehumidifying type saline water desalination system for agricultural greenhouse |
| CN108751311A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-06 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of evaporation-type seawater desalination system and method using engine of boat and ship waste heat |
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