CN108793299A - A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a light and small solar seawater desalination device and method. The device includes a feed liquid heating system, an energy supply system, an air humidification system and an air dehumidification system. Among them: the circulating medium enters the heat exchanger after being heated by the solar collector, the seawater enters the humidifier after heat exchange with it, the air enters the humidifier from the bottom through the fan, and the air after humidification and heating enters the dehumidifier from the bottom, and the inside of the dehumidifier The cooling water sprayed on the upper part performs heat and mass exchange, and the fresh water produced by condensation mixes with the cooling water and falls to the bottom of the dehumidifier. The air after cooling and dehumidification enters the humidifier through the fan, and the cycle repeats. This system uses solar energy for heating and power supply, and uses a combination of spraying and packing to strengthen the air humidification process and improve seawater evaporation efficiency; it operates under normal pressure without a vacuum pump, and can handle high-salinity solutions. It has flexible scale, wide application range, and available It can be used to desalinate seawater on coasts and islands, and can also be used to concentrate industrial wastewater.

Description

A light and small solar seawater desalination device and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar seawater desalination, and in particular relates to a light and small solar seawater desalination device and method operating under low temperature and normal pressure, and has the characteristics of light, small, portable and modular.

Background technique

Seawater desalination is the use of seawater desalination to produce fresh water, which is an open-source incremental technology to realize the utilization of fresh water resources. At present, the commonly used seawater desalination methods include low-temperature multi-effect, reverse osmosis, multi-stage flash evaporation, thermal membrane cogeneration, electrodialysis, etc. In the reverse osmosis method, under the action of a high-pressure pump, water molecules pass through the reverse osmosis membrane to achieve the separation of salt and water, which requires continuous supply of electrical energy or mechanical energy, and as the concentration of the feed liquid increases, the required pump work increases, resulting in an increase in processing costs. , the quality of the product water is also reduced, and the service life of the membrane is shortened. Traditional multi-effect evaporation (Chinese invention patent application No. 201010509740.X) and multi-stage flash evaporation (Chinese invention patent application No. 201310411226.6) are often difficult to be commercialized due to some common problems. First, the device is huge and complex, with large volume and high investment cost. Second, as the concentration of the feed liquid increases, the risk of deposition and corrosion on the internal surface of the evaporator increases greatly, the heat transfer efficiency of the device decreases, and the treatment and maintenance costs increase.

Humidification and dehumidification technology is a new type of seawater desalination and wastewater concentration technology. This technology simulates the natural rainfall cycle process, using flowing air as the carrier of water vapor. The air is humidified by the hot liquid in the humidifier and carries a certain amount of water vapor. Finally, it enters the dehumidifier for dehumidification. Using the difference in saturated humidity of the air, the excess water vapor condenses to produce fresh water. Compared with other seawater desalination technologies, humidification and dehumidification technology has the advantages of simple structural design, low equipment investment and operation costs, low-grade energy or renewable energy, and long service life. It is considered to be the most promising in seawater desalination. one of the technologies.

At present, seawater desalination devices basically use renewable energy such as solar energy as the energy input of the system, but due to the low temperature of the collector, low evaporation efficiency, complex structure of the device, and low corrosion resistance, it cannot be widely used on a large scale.

After searching the prior art, it was found that the application number 201010509740.X discloses a spray evaporative air humidification and dehumidification solar seawater desalination device. The device uses air as a circulating working medium, but seawater and air are not recycled, and the humidification efficiency is low. There are multiple condensing heat exchangers arranged, the structure of the device is complex, and installation and debugging are difficult, which is not conducive to the commercial promotion of the device.

Further searches found that the Chinese invention patent with the patent application number 00109939.6 disclosed a spray propulsion ventilation evaporation-condensation seawater desalination process and device, and the Chinese invention patent with the patent application number 03144279.X disclosed a seawater evaporation tank drum Seawater desalination method of bubble method. Although these patents are feasible in principle, it is impossible to realize circulation at all in practice. Furthermore, most devices do not work well with high salinity solutions.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects and deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to propose a light and small solar seawater desalination device and method operating at low temperature and normal pressure, which utilizes a solar heat collector to heat the circulating medium, and the seawater is desalinated by a heat exchanger. The temperature is raised, and the device is made of non-toxic engineering plastics, which solves the problem that the solar collector and humidifier are easily corroded by seawater; the humidifier uses a combination of spray humidification and packed tower humidification, which is not easy to scale and improves heat exchange. Efficiency and fresh water output; solar power supply device is used to drive the operation of water pumps and fans; the device operates under normal pressure, without vacuum pump and gas-liquid separator, and without consumable parts, which reduces manufacturing and operation and maintenance costs.

In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A light and small solar seawater desalination device, including a feed liquid heating system, an energy supply system, an air humidification system and an air dehumidification system;

The feed liquid heating system includes a solar heat collector, a heat exchanger, a heat collecting circulation pump and an oil storage tank. The oil storage tank is used to hold the heating circulation medium. The inlet of the heat exchanger circulating medium is connected, the outlet of the circulating medium of the heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the solar collector, and the outlet of the solar collector is connected with the inlet of the oil storage tank;

The energy supply system includes a solar panel, a storage battery and an inverter, the solar panel is connected to the storage battery, the storage battery is connected to the inverter, and is used to convert direct current into alternating current, and the inverter is respectively connected to the set Heat circulation pump, material liquid pump, cooling water pump, fan, electric heater and other electrical equipment are connected;

The air humidification system includes a humidifier, an evaporative sprinkler, a shell A, a filler A, a sieve plate A, a flow controller A, a material liquid pump, an electric heater, a drain valve A and a concentrated seawater tank; the humidifier The outlet of the seawater circulation is connected to the inlet of the feed liquid pump, the outlet of the feed liquid pump is connected to the seawater inlet of the heat exchanger, a flow controller A is installed on the connecting pipeline, and the seawater outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the evaporation sprayer, which is located at The upper part of the humidifier is used to spray the heated seawater into the humidifier; the sieve plate A is located at the lower part of the humidifier and is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the humidifier above the seawater liquid level; the filler A is placed above the sieve plate A, and the seawater spreads to form a film on the surface of the filler A to increase the heat transfer area; the cold air is driven into the humidifier by the fan, and the cold air performs direct contact heat and mass exchange with the seawater during the upward flow. The hot and humid air after heating and humidification flows out from the hot and humid air outlet on the top of the humidifier, and is connected to the hot and humid air inlet of the dehumidifier through a pipeline; the seawater after heat and mass exchange reaches the bottom of the humidifier for the next cycle, and the seawater reaches the bottom of the humidifier. After a certain concentration, it is discharged through the drain valve A and collected in the concentrated seawater tank; the electric heater is located at the lower part of the humidifier and below the seawater liquid level, and is used to heat the seawater in rainy days;

The air dehumidification system includes a dehumidifier, a cooling water sprayer, a shell B, a filler B, a sieve plate B, a cooling water pump, a flow controller B, a drain valve B and a fresh water tank; the cooling water circulation outlet of the dehumidifier is connected to the The inlet of the cooling water pump is connected, and the outlet of the cooling water pump is connected to the cooling water sprayer. The connecting pipeline is provided with a flow controller B, and the cooling water sprayer is placed on the upper part of the dehumidifier for spraying the cooling water to the dehumidifier. Inside; the sieve plate B is located at the lower part of the dehumidifier, and is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the dehumidifier above the seawater liquid level; the filler B is placed above the sieve plate B, and the cooling water spreads on the surface of the filler B to form a film, In order to increase the heat exchange area; the hot and humid air enters the dehumidifier through the pipeline, and performs direct contact heat and mass exchange with the cooling water during the upward flow of the hot and humid air. It flows out and connects with the fan inlet through the pipeline for the next cycle; the fresh water generated by condensation flows to the bottom of the dehumidifier, and the excess fresh water is discharged through the drain valve B and collected in the fresh water tank;

The fan is located outside the dehumidifier and is used to transport the cold air in the dehumidifier to the humidifier, and it is connected with the air volume regulator to control the inlet air volume and adjust the fresh water production rate of the system;

The concentrated seawater tank is located below the drain valve A of the humidifier, and is used to hold concentrated seawater; the fresh water tank is located below the drain valve B of the dehumidifier, and is used to hold fresh water for production.

Further, the light and small solar seawater desalination device described above also includes a cooling coil and a cooling water tank; the cooling coil is connected to the outlet of the cooling water pump, and the cooling coil is placed in the cold water tank for cooling the cooling water. The outlet of the pipe is connected with the cooling water sprayer, and a flow controller B is arranged on the connecting pipe.

Further, the material of the above-mentioned cooling coil is one or a combination of two or more of copper tubes, aluminum tubes, and stainless steel tubes.

Further, fins are added to the surface of the above-mentioned cooling coil, and the fins are in the form of winding sheet type, rolled sheet type, serial sheet type or a combination of two or more.

Further, the above-mentioned solar heat collector is one or a combination of two or more of flat plate solar heat collectors, vacuum tube solar heat collectors and heat pipe type solar heat collectors.

Further, the circulating medium in the above solar heat collector is heat transfer oil.

Further, the shells of the above-mentioned humidifiers and dehumidifiers are made of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination of two or more materials, and the shells are wrapped with heat-insulating materials, which have the function of heat preservation and prevent seawater The role of corrosion.

Further, the above-mentioned connecting pipeline is made of one or a combination of two or more materials of polypropylene, polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, and the outside of the pipeline is wrapped with an insulating material.

Further, the above-mentioned filler is one or a combination of two or more of plastic fillers, ceramic fillers, and fiberglass fillers, which are easy to clean and difficult to be corroded by seawater.

Further, the shape of the packing is one of Raschig ring, Pall ring, stepped ring, arc saddle, rectangular saddle, ring rectangular saddle, spherical, or a combination of two or more.

The light and small solar seawater desalination device can treat solutions including but not limited to rainwater, seawater, brackish water, industrial waste water, domestic sewage, and landfill leachate.

In the light and small solar seawater desalination device, the salt concentration of the treatment solution ranges from 0 g/L to the corresponding salt concentration of a nearly saturated solution.

The method for desalinating seawater by using the light and small solar seawater desalination device described above comprises the following steps:

Step 1, the high-temperature circulating medium is transported to the heat exchanger by the heat collecting circulation pump, and the seawater to be treated is heated, and then enters the solar heat collector to absorb solar radiation energy, and is transported to the oil storage tank after heating up for the next cycle;

Step 2, the seawater to be treated enters the heat exchanger through the feed liquid pump and the flow controller in turn, exchanges heat with the high-temperature circulating medium, and then enters the humidifier through the evaporating sprayer, where it collides with the filler A in the humidifier and spreads , broken, splashed;

Step 3, the unsaturated cold air is driven by the fan and enters the lower part of the humidifier. During the upward flow of the cold air in the humidifier, it conducts direct contact heat and mass exchange with seawater. The air is heated and humidified, and the remaining seawater reaches the bottom of the humidifier for down-flow In one cycle, the concentrated seawater enters the concentrated seawater tank through the drain valve A after reaching a certain concentration;

Step 4: The heated and humidified hot and humid air is transported to the bottom of the dehumidifier through the pipeline, and in the process of flowing upwards in the dehumidifier, it conducts direct contact heat and mass exchange with the cooling water sprayed by the cooling water sprayer, and the air is cooled After dehumidification, it is discharged from the cold air outlet at the top of the dehumidifier, and enters the humidifier through the pipeline through the fan drive for the next cycle;

Step 5, the fresh water generated by condensation in the dehumidification process flows to the bottom of the dehumidifier, enters the cooling coil through the fresh water circulation outlet, and exchanges heat with the cooling water in the cooling water tank. After the fresh water is cooled, it passes through the flow controller B and the cooling water sprayer Enter the dehumidifier for the next dehumidification process, and the excess fresh water enters the fresh water tank through the drain valve B.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The device of the present invention converts radiant energy into thermal energy by using a solar heat collector and stores it in an oil storage tank for heating seawater to be treated; electric heating is used as a backup solution to ensure that the device can operate normally in rainy days.

The device of the present invention converts radiant energy into electric energy by using solar panels, and stores it in a storage battery for operation of water pumps, fans or other electric equipment in the device without additional consumption of electric energy.

The device of the invention adopts the combination of spraying and packing tower, supplemented by the technological method of forced air humidification and circulation flow solution to carry out air humidification and dehumidification, which improves the operating efficiency of the device.

The device of the invention can operate stably even when the temperature of the solution is low (<45° C.), and the water production volume and water quality are stable and reliable.

The device of the present invention operates under normal pressure without the need for a vacuum pump and a gas-liquid separator. The material of the filler and the shell is non-toxic and non-metallic, and there are no consumable and vulnerable parts. The service life is long, and the manufacturing cost of the device and the cost of later operation and maintenance are low. Improve product competitiveness.

The device of the present invention is simple and compact in structure, miniaturized and modularized, convenient to transport, adjustable in scale, can be used in series in multiple stages, capable of fully automatic operation control, unattended, easy to use, and broadens the application field of the device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light and small solar seawater desalination device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a long-term operation result diagram of the light and small solar seawater desalination device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 material liquid heating system; 2 solar heat collector; 3 heat exchanger; 4 heat collecting circulation pump; 5 oil storage tank; 6 air humidification system; 7 humidifier; 10 filler A; 11 sieve plate A; 12 flow controller A; 13 liquid pump; 14 drain valve A; 15 concentrated seawater tank; 16 energy supply system; 17 solar panel; 18 battery; Regulator; 21 fan; 22 electric heater; 23 air dehumidification system; 24 dehumidifier; 25 cooling water sprayer; 26 shell B; ; 31 drain valve B; 32 fresh water tank; 33 cooling coil; 34 cooling water tank.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that this embodiment is only a detailed implementation and specific operation process based on the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the light and small solar seawater desalination device is composed of four parts: feed liquid heating system 1, energy supply system 16, air humidification system 6 and air dehumidification system 23.

The feed liquid heating system 1 includes a solar heat collector 2, a heat exchanger 3, a heat collecting circulation pump 4 and an oil storage tank 5, which convert the sun's radiant energy into heat energy, heat the circulating medium to provide a heat source, and then use it for the Heating of seawater; the oil storage tank is used to hold the heating circulation medium, the outlet of the oil storage tank is connected to the inlet of the collector circulation pump, the outlet of the collector circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the solar collector, and the circulation medium is transported into the solar collector through the collector circulation pump The solar collector increases the temperature by absorbing solar radiation energy; the outlet of the solar collector is connected to the inlet of the circulating medium of the heat exchanger for heat transfer between the circulating medium and the seawater to be heated; the outlet of the circulating medium of the heat exchanger is connected to the oil storage tank.

The energy supply system 16 includes: a solar panel 17, a storage battery 18 and an inverter 19, which are used to convert the sun's radiant energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the storage battery and used for the operation of electrical equipment in the device; The battery board is connected with the storage battery, and the storage battery is connected with the inverter for converting direct current into alternating current. The inverter is connected with the heat collection circulation pump 4, the material liquid pump 13, the cooling water pump 29, the blower fan 21, and the electric heater 22 is connected with other electrical equipment.

The air humidification system 6 includes: a humidifier 7, an evaporative sprayer 8, a housing A9, a filler A10, a sieve plate A11, a flow controller A12, a material liquid pump 13, an electric heater 22, a drain valve 14 and a dense sea Water tank 15; the seawater circulation outlet of the humidifier is connected to the inlet of the feed liquid pump, the outlet of the feed liquid pump is connected to the seawater inlet of the heat exchanger, a flow controller A is arranged on the connecting pipeline, and the seawater outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the evaporation sprayer Connected, the evaporation sprayer is located in the upper part of the humidifier, used to spray the heated seawater into the humidifier; the sieve plate A is located in the lower part of the humidifier, and above the seawater liquid level, and the humidifier The surface is fixedly connected; the filler A is placed above the sieve plate A, and the seawater spreads on the surface of the filler A to form a film to increase the heat exchange area; the cold air is driven into the humidifier by the fan 21, and the cold air flows upwards with the seawater Carry out direct contact heat and mass exchange, the hot and humid air after heating and humidification flows out from the hot and humid air outlet on the top of the humidifier, and is connected with the hot and humid air inlet of the dehumidifier 24 through a pipeline; the seawater reaches the humidification after heat and mass exchange At the bottom of the humidifier, the next cycle will be carried out. After the seawater reaches a certain concentration, it will be discharged through the drain valve A and collected in the concentrated seawater tank; Seawater is heated.

The air dehumidification system 23 includes: a dehumidifier 24, a cooling water sprayer 25, a housing B26, a filler B27, a sieve plate B28, a cooling water pump 29, a flow controller B30, a drain valve B31, a fresh water tank 32, and a cooling coil 33 and cooling water tank 34; the cooling water circulation outlet of the dehumidifier is connected with the cooling water pump inlet, and the cooling water pump outlet is connected with the cooling coil inlet, and the cooling coil is placed in the cold water tank for cooling the cooling water, and the cooling plate The outlet of the pipe is connected to the cooling water sprayer, and a flow controller B is installed on the connecting pipeline. The cooling water sprayer is placed on the upper part of the dehumidifier for spraying cooling water into the dehumidifier; the sieve plate B is located at The lower part of the dehumidifier is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the dehumidifier above the seawater liquid level; the filler B is placed above the sieve plate B, and the cooling water spreads on the surface of the filler B to increase the heat exchange area; The air enters the humidifier through the pipeline, and the hot and humid air conducts direct contact heat and mass exchange with the cooling water during the upward flow. The cold air after cooling and dehumidification flows out from the cold air outlet on the top of the dehumidifier, and passes through the pipeline and the fan. The 21 inlets are connected for the next cycle; the fresh water produced by condensation flows to the bottom of the dehumidifier, and the excess fresh water is discharged through the drain valve B and collected into the fresh water tank.

The fan 21 is located outside the dehumidifier and is used to transport the cold air in the dehumidifier to the humidifier, and it is connected with the air volume regulator 20 to control the inlet air volume and adjust the fresh water production rate of the system.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the light and small solar seawater desalination device in Embodiment 1 is selected as the experimental device to conduct a long-term stable operation test experiment of the device. In this embodiment, the seawater with a salt concentration of 3.5wt% is selected as the solution to be treated, the temperature of the solution in the evaporation shower is set at 55°C, the flow controller is adjusted to make the circulation flow of the solution 60L/h, and the circulation flow of the cooling water It is 50L/h, and the cooling water temperature is controlled at 20-25°C. Adjust the air volume regulator to make the circulating wind speed of the system 2.5m/s (2.65m ³ /min), and the device runs continuously for 8 hours. The results of water production and desalination rate of the system are shown in Figure 2. It can be seen that the water production per unit time of the system remains relatively stable at around 1600g/h. The desalination rate has also been maintained above 99.98%. The result shows that the light and small solar seawater desalination device of the present invention can run stably for a long time, and the device has a long service life.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, which is characterized in that including feed liquid heating system (1), energy resource supply system System (16), air moistening system (6) and air dehumidification system (23)；

The feed liquid heating system (1) includes solar thermal collector (2), heat exchanger (3), collection hot recycle pump (4) and fuel reserve tank (5), fuel reserve tank is connected for containing heat cycles medium, fuel reserve tank outlet with thermal-arrest pump inlet, thermal-arrest circulating-pump outlet It is connected with heat exchanger circulatory mediator import, the outlet of heat exchanger circulatory mediator is connected with solar thermal collector import, solar energy heating Device outlet is connected with fuel reserve tank import；

The energy supplyystem (16) includes solar panel (17), accumulator (18) and inverter (19), the sun Energy solar panel is connected with accumulator, and the accumulator is connected with inverter, for direct current to be converted to alternating current, the inversion Device respectively with collection hot recycle pump (4), feed pump (13), cooling water pump (29), wind turbine (21), electric heater (22) and other electricity consumptions Equipment is connected；

The air moistening system (6) includes humidifier (7), evaporation spray thrower (8), shell A (9), filler A (10), sieve plate A (11), flow controller A (12), feed pump (13), electric heater (22), drain valve A (14) and concentrated seawater slot (15)；It is described to add The seawater circulation outlet of wet device is connected with feed liquid pump intake, and feed liquid pump discharge is connected with heat exchanger seawater inlet, on connecting line It is provided with flow controller A, heat exchanger seawer outlet is connected with evaporation spray thrower, and evaporation spray thrower is located at upper in humidifier Portion, in the seawater spraying to humidifier after heating；The sieve plate A is located at the lower part in humidifier, and in seawater liquid level Top is fixedly connected with humidifier inner surface；The filler A is placed in above sieve plate A, and seawater forms a film in filler A surface spreadings, with Increase heat exchange area；Cold air is driven into via wind turbine (21) in humidifier, cold air flow up during with seawater Direct contact type caloic exchange is carried out, the Hot wet air heating after warming and humidifying exports outflow by the Hot wet air heating at the top of humidifier, and It is connected with dehumidifier (24) Hot wet air heating entrance by pipeline；Seawater after caloic exchanges reaches humidifier bottom, carries out down One cycle, seawater are discharged through drain valve A after reaching a certain concentration, collect into concentrated seawater slot；The electric heater, which is located at, to be added Wet device lower part, and in seawater liquid level hereinafter, for being heated to seawater in rainy days；

The air dehumidification system (23) include dehumidifier (24), cool water shower device (25), shell B (26), filler B (27), Sieve plate B (28), cooling water pump (29), flow controller B (30), drain valve B (31) and fresh-water tank (32)；The dehumidifier it is cold But water loop exit is connected with cooling water pump entrance, and the cooling water pump outlet is connected with cool water shower device, on connecting line Equipped with flow controller B, cool water shower device is placed in the top of dehumidifier, and being used for will be in cool water shower to dehumidifier；It is described Sieve plate B is located at the lower part in dehumidifier, and in seawater ullage, is fixedly connected with dehumidifier inner surface；The filler B is placed in Above sieve plate B, cooling water sprawls film forming in filler B surface, to increase heat exchange area；Hot wet air heating enters dehumidifier by pipeline Interior, Hot wet air heating carries out direct contact type caloic with cooling water during flowing up and exchanges, the cold air after cool-down dehumidification By the cold-air vent outflow at the top of dehumidifier, and it is connected with wind turbine (21) entrance by pipeline, is recycled next time；Condensation The fresh water of generation flow to dehumidifier bottom, and extra fresh water is discharged through drain valve B, collects into fresh-water tank；

The wind turbine (21) is located on the outside of dehumidifier, for the cold air in dehumidifier to be delivered in humidifier, and itself and wind Amount adjuster (20) is connected, for controlling entrance air quantity, regulating system fresh water production rate；

The concentrated seawater slot (15) is located at below humidifier drain valve A, for holding concentrated seawater；The fresh-water tank (32), which is located at, removes Below wet device drain valve B, for holding production fresh water.

2. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include cooler pan Manage (33) and bosh (34)；The cooling coil is connected with cooling water pump outlet, and cooling coil is positioned in cold rinse bank, uses In to cooling water temperature, cooling coil outlet is connected with cool water shower device, and connecting line is equipped with flow controller B.

3. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that solar energy collection Hot device is one or both of flat-plate solar heat collector, vacuum tube solar heating element and pipe type solar heat collector heat Above combination.

4. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that solar energy collection Circulatory mediator in hot device is conduction oil.

5. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that its cooling coil Material is the combination of one or more of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, stainless steel tube.

6. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 2 or 5, which is characterized in that cooling coil Surface be equipped with fin, the form of fin is the combination around one or more of chip, roller sheet formula, sheet string type.

7. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that humidifier removes The shell of wet device is the combination of one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or glass-reinforced plastic material, outside shell Portion is enclosed with thermal insulation material, has the function of keeping the temperature and prevent by seawater corrosion.

8. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that connecting line For a combination of one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene or pvc material, thermal insulation material is enclosed with outside pipeline.

9. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that filler is modeling Expect the combination of one or more of filler, ceramic packing, fiberglass filler；The shape of filler be Raschig ring, Pall ring, The combination of one or more of cascade ring, arc saddle type, square saddle type, ring intalox shape, spherical shape.

10. using the method for any small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of claim 2-9, which is characterized in that packet Include following steps：

Step 1, high temperature circulation medium through collect hot recycle pump be delivered in heat exchanger, pending seawater is heated, then into Enter solar thermal collector and absorb solar radiant energy, fuel reserve tank is delivered to after heating, is recycled next time；

Step 2, pending seawater passes through feed pump successively, flow controller enters heat exchanger, is changed with high temperature circulation medium Then heat enters in humidifier through evaporating spray thrower, collides, sprawls, is crushed, splashes with the filler A in humidifier；

Step 3, unsaturated cold air is driven into humidifier lower part, the process that cold air flows up in humidifier through wind turbine In carry out direct contact type caloic with seawater and exchange, air is warmed humidification, and remaining seawater arrival humidifier bottom carries out down One cycle, concentrated seawater reach and enter concentrated seawater slot through drain valve A after a certain concentration；

Step 4, the Hot wet air heating after heating humidification via Pipeline transport to dehumidifier bottom, the mistake that is flowed up in dehumidifier In journey with cool water shower device spray cooling water carry out direct contact type caloic exchange, air by cool-down dehumidification, later from except The cold-air vent discharge of wet device top, is driven into humidifier through wind turbine via pipeline, is recycled next time；

Step 5, the fresh water that dehumidification process condensation generates flow to dehumidifier bottom, enters cooling coil through fresh water loop exit, with Cooling water in bosh exchanges heat, and enters dehumidifier through flow controller B, cool water shower device after fresh water is cooled, Dehumidification process, extra fresh water enter fresh-water tank through drain valve B next time for progress.