CN108793299A - A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108793299A CN108793299A CN201810808795.7A CN201810808795A CN108793299A CN 108793299 A CN108793299 A CN 108793299A CN 201810808795 A CN201810808795 A CN 201810808795A CN 108793299 A CN108793299 A CN 108793299A
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- seawater
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method, device includes feed liquid heating system, energy supplyystem, air moistening system and air dehumidification system.Wherein：Circulatory mediator enters heat exchanger after solar thermal collector heats, seawater enters humidifier after heat exchange therewith, air enters humidifier via wind turbine from bottom, air after humidification heating enters dehumidifier from bottom, caloic is carried out with the cooling water of dehumidifier internal upper part spray to exchange, condensation generation fresh water is mixed with cooling water falls into dehumidifier bottom, and the air after cool-down dehumidification is entered humidifier via wind turbine, moved in circles with this.This system utilizes solar-heating and power supply, is combined using spray and filler and strengthens air wetting process, improves evaporation of seawater efficiency；It runs under normal pressure, is not necessarily to vacuum pump, high salinity solution can be handled, scaleable has a wide range of application, and can be used for coastal, island and desalinizes seawater, it can also be used to concentrate industrial wastewater.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to desalination with Solar Energy fields, are related specifically to a kind of light and small run under low-temperature atmosphere-pressure
Type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method, and have small-sized, portable, modular feature.
Background technology
Sea water desalination produces fresh water using seawater desalination, is the increment technique of increasing income realized freshwater resources and utilized.At present
Common method for desalting seawater has low-temperature multi-effect, hyperfiltration, multistage flash distillation, hotting mask coproduction, electroosmose process etc..Hyperfiltration is
Under the action of high-pressure pump, hydrone realizes the separation of salt and water by reverse osmosis membrane, needs lasting offer electric energy or machinery
Can, and with the increase of feed concentration, required pump work increase causes processing cost to increase, production water quality is also declined, film
Reduced service life.Traditional multiple-effect evaporation formula (Chinese invention patent application number 201010509740.X) and multistage flash distillation formula
Technologies such as (Chinese invention patent application numbers 201310411226.6), which are often difficult to be commercialized popularization because of some common issues, to be made
With.First, device bulky complex, volume are big, cost of investment is high, second is that with the increase of feed concentration, evaporator interior surface hair
The risk of raw deposition fouling and corrosion greatly increases, and device heat transfer efficiency reduces, and processing and maintenance cost increase.
Humidification dehumidifying technology is a kind of novel sea water desalination and Waste water concentrating technology, the rainfall of the technical modelling nature
Cyclic process, using moving air as the carrier of vapor, air is humidified in humidifier by hot material liquid, carries a certain amount of water
Enter dehumidifier after steam to dehumidify, poor using the saturated humidity of air, extra vapor condensation generates fresh water.With other seawater
Desalination technology is compared, humidification dehumidifying technology have structure design simple, equipment investment and operating cost it is relatively low, using low-grade
The energy or regenerative resource, the advantages that service life is long, it is considered to be most one of the technology of application prospect in sea water desalination.
Currently, desalination plant is substantially all using this regenerative resource of solar energy as the energy input of system, but
The reasons such as since heat collector temperature is low, evaporation efficiency is low, and apparatus structure is complicated, and corrosion resistance is not high and can not push away on a large scale
It is wide to use.
By to the retrieval of prior art discovery, application number 201010509740.X discloses a kind of spray evaporation air and adds
Wet dehumidification type solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, device uses air as cycle fluid, but extra large water and air does not recycle,
Humidification efficiency is low, and is disposed with multiple condensing heat exchangers, and apparatus structure is complicated, and installation and debugging are difficult, are unfavorable for the business of device
Change and promotes.
Further retrieval is found, the Chinese invention patent that number of patent application is 00109939.6 discloses a kind of spraying propulsion
Ventilation evaporation-condensation formula desalination process and device, number of patent application are that the Chinese invention patent of 03144279.X discloses
The method for desalting seawater of Bubbling method in a kind of evaporation of seawater tank.Although these patents are feasible in principle, actually not
It may realize cycle.In addition, most of device does not have good effect to the processing of high salinity solution.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and insufficient, it is an object of the invention to propose that one kind is run under low-temperature atmosphere-pressure
Small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method, utilize solar thermal collector heat cycles medium, made by heat exchanger
Ocean temperature improves, and device is manufactured using non-toxic engineering plastic, solves solar thermal collector and humidifier easily by seawater corruption
The problem of erosion；Humidifier is combined using shower humidification and packed tower humidification, less scaling, and improves heat exchanger effectiveness and light
Aquatic products amount；It is used to drive the operating of water pump, wind turbine using solar power supply apparatus；Device is run under normal pressure, is not necessarily to vacuum pump
And gas-liquid separator reduces manufacture and operation expense without easily loss component.
To reach the above goal of the invention, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, including feed liquid heating system, energy supplyystem, air wetting system
System and air dehumidification system；
The feed liquid heating system includes that solar thermal collector, heat exchanger, collection hot recycle pump and fuel reserve tank, fuel reserve tank are used for
Heat cycles medium is contained, fuel reserve tank outlet is connected with thermal-arrest pump inlet, and thermal-arrest circulating-pump outlet is situated between with heat exchanger cycle
Matter import is connected, and the outlet of heat exchanger circulatory mediator is connected with solar thermal collector import, solar thermal collector outlet and fuel reserve tank
Import is connected；
The energy supplyystem includes solar panel, accumulator and inverter, the solar panel with store
Battery is connected, and the accumulator is connected with inverter, for direct current to be converted to alternating current, the inverter respectively with thermal-arrest
Circulating pump, feed pump, cooling water pump, wind turbine, electric heater are connected with other electrical equipments；
The air moistening system include humidifier, evaporation spray thrower, shell A, filler A, sieve plate A, flow controller A,
Feed pump, electric heater, drain valve A and concentrated seawater slot；The seawater circulation outlet of the humidifier is connected with feed liquid pump intake, expects
Liquid pump outlet is connected with heat exchanger seawater inlet, and flow controller A, heat exchanger seawer outlet and evaporation are provided on connecting line
Spray thrower is connected, and evaporation spray thrower is located at the top in humidifier, in the seawater spraying to humidifier after heating；It is described
Sieve plate A is located at the lower part in humidifier, and in seawater ullage, is fixedly connected with humidifier inner surface；The filler A is placed in
Above sieve plate A, seawater forms a film in filler A surface spreadings, to increase heat exchange area；Cold air is driven into humidifier via wind turbine
It is interior, cold air flow up during with seawater carry out direct contact type caloic exchange, the Hot wet air heating after warming and humidifying by
Hot wet air heating outlet outflow at the top of humidifier, and be connected with dehumidifier Hot wet air heating entrance by pipeline；After caloic exchanges
Seawater reach humidifier bottom, recycled next time, seawater is discharged after reaching a certain concentration through drain valve A, and collection is to dense
In seawater slot；The electric heater is located at humidifier lower part, and in seawater liquid level hereinafter, being used in rainy days to seawater
It is heated；
The air dehumidification system includes dehumidifier, cool water shower device, shell B, filler B, sieve plate B, cooling water pump, stream
Amount controller B, drain valve B and fresh-water tank；The cooling water circulation outlet of the dehumidifier is connected with cooling water pump entrance, described cold
But exit of pump is connected with cool water shower device, and connecting line is equipped with flow controller B, and cool water shower device is placed in dehumidifier
Top, for will be in cool water shower to dehumidifier；The sieve plate B is located at the lower part in dehumidifier, and on seawater liquid level
Side, is fixedly connected with dehumidifier inner surface；The filler B is placed in above sieve plate B, and cooling water sprawls film forming in filler B surface, with
Increase heat exchange area；Hot wet air heating is entered by pipeline in dehumidifier, Hot wet air heating flow up during with cooling water into
Row direct contact type caloic exchanges, and the cold air after cool-down dehumidification is flowed out by the cold-air vent at the top of dehumidifier, and passes through pipe
Road is connected with fans entrance, is recycled next time；The fresh water that condensation generates flow to dehumidifier bottom, and extra fresh water is through draining
Valve B discharges, are collected into fresh-water tank；
The wind turbine is located on the outside of dehumidifier, for the cold air in dehumidifier to be delivered in humidifier, and itself and wind
Amount adjuster is connected, for controlling entrance air quantity, regulating system fresh water production rate；
The concentrated seawater slot is located at below humidifier drain valve A, for holding concentrated seawater；The fresh-water tank is located at dehumidifier
Below drain valve B, for holding production fresh water.
Further, above-mentioned small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, further includes cooling coil and bosh；It is described
Cooling coil is connected with cooling water pump outlet, and cooling coil is positioned in cold rinse bank, for cooling water temperature, cooling coil to go out
Mouth is connected with cool water shower device, and connecting line is equipped with flow controller B.
Further, the material of above-mentioned cooling coil is the group of one or more of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, stainless steel tube
It closes.
Further, the surface of above-mentioned cooling coil, which increases, fin, and the form of fin is around chip, roller sheet formula, string piece
The combination of one or more of formula.
Further, above-mentioned solar thermal collector is flat-plate solar heat collector, vacuum tube solar heating element and heat
The combination of one or more of cast solar thermal collector.
Further, the circulatory mediator in above-mentioned solar thermal collector is conduction oil.
Further, above-mentioned humidifier, dehumidifier shell be polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or glass-reinforced plastic material
One or more of combination, hull outside is enclosed with thermal insulation material, has heat preservation and prevents by the work of seawater corrosion
With.
Further, above-mentioned connecting line is the one or more kinds of of polypropylene, polyethylene or pvc material
It combines, thermal insulation material is enclosed with outside pipeline.
Further, above-mentioned filler is the group of one or more of plastic filler, ceramic packing, fiberglass filler
It closes, easy cleaning and is not easy by seawater corrosion.
Further, the shape of above-mentioned filler be Raschig ring, Pall ring, cascade ring, arc saddle type, square saddle type, ring intalox shape,
The combination of one or more of spherical shape.
The small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, handled by solution include but is not limited to rainwater, seawater,
Bitter, industrial wastewater, sanitary sewage, landfill leachate.
The salt concentration range of the small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, processing solution is that 0g/L is molten to being closely saturated
Liquid corresponds to salinity.
The method for carrying out sea water desalination using above-mentioned small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, includes the following steps：
Step 1, high temperature circulation medium is delivered to through collecting hot recycle pump in heat exchanger, is heated to pending seawater, so
Enter solar thermal collector afterwards and absorb solar radiant energy, fuel reserve tank is delivered to after heating, is recycled next time；
Step 2, pending seawater passes through feed pump, flow controller and enters heat exchanger successively, with high temperature circulation medium into
Row heat exchange, then enters in humidifier through evaporating spray thrower, collides, sprawls, is crushed, splashes with the filler A in humidifier；
Step 3, unsaturated cold air is driven into humidifier lower part through wind turbine, what cold air flowed up in humidifier
Direct contact type caloic is carried out with seawater in the process to exchange, air is warmed humidification, remaining seawater arrival humidifier bottom into
Row recycles next time, and concentrated seawater reaches and enters concentrated seawater slot through drain valve A after a certain concentration；
Step 4, the Hot wet air heating after heating humidification is flowed up via Pipeline transport to dehumidifier bottom in dehumidifier
During with cool water shower device spray cooling water carry out direct contact type caloic exchange, air is by cool-down dehumidification, later
It is discharged from dehumidifier top cold-air vent, is driven into humidifier through wind turbine via pipeline, is recycled next time；
Step 5, the fresh water that dehumidification process condensation generates flow to dehumidifier bottom, enters cooler pan through fresh water loop exit
Pipe, exchanges heat with the cooling water in bosh, enters through flow controller B, cool water shower device after fresh water is cooled and removes
Wet device, dehumidification process, extra fresh water enter fresh-water tank through drain valve B next time for progress.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Radiation energy is converted to thermal energy by device of the present invention using solar thermal collector, is stored in fuel reserve tank, is used for
Heat pending seawater；Using electrical heating as alternative scheme, it is ensured that device can be in normal operation rainy days.
Radiation energy is converted to electric energy by device of the present invention using solar panel, is stored in accumulator, for dress
Water pump, wind turbine or the operation of other electrical equipments in setting use, without additional consumption electric energy.
Device of the present invention is combined using spray and packed tower, is aided with air forced humidification and is circulated solution
Process carries out air wetting dehumidifying, improves the operational efficiency of device.
Device of the present invention solution temperature it is relatively low (<45 DEG C) when also can stable operation, and water yield and production water quality
It is reliable and stable.
Device of the present invention is run under normal pressure, is not necessarily to vacuum pump and gas-liquid separator, and filler, shell material use nothing
Malicious nonmetallic materials, no consumption easily worn part, service life is long, and device manufacturing cost and later stage operation expense are low, improves
Product competitiveness.
Apparatus structure simple and compact of the present invention, miniaturization, modularization, convenient transportation, scalable can plural serial stage
It uses, full-automatic can run control, it is unattended, it is easy to use, widen the application places of device.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus long-play result figure of the present invention.
In figure：1 feed liquid heating system；2 solar thermal collectors；3 heat exchangers；4 collection hot recycle pumps；5 fuel reserve tanks；6 air add
Wet system；7 humidifiers；8 evaporation spray throwers；9 shell A；10 filler A；11 sieve plate A；12 flow controller A；13 feed pumps；14 rows
Water valve A；15 concentrated seawater slots；16 energy supplyystems；17 solar panels；18 accumulators；19 inverters；20 air quantity are adjusted
Device；21 wind turbines；22 electric heaters；23 air dehumidification systems；24 dehumidifiers；25 cool water shower devices；26 shell B；27 filler B；
28 sieve plate B；29 cooling water pumps；30 flow controller B；31 drain valve B；32 fresh-water tanks；33 cooling coils；34 boshes.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to specific embodiments of the present invention.It should be noted that the present embodiment is only
Detailed embodiment under based on the technical solution of the present invention and specific operation process are not intended to limit the protection of the present invention
Range.All any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so in the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Embodiment 1
Such as Fig. 1, small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus is by feed liquid heating system 1, energy supplyystem 16, air wetting
System 6 and 23 4 part of air dehumidification system composition.
The feed liquid heating system 1 includes solar thermal collector 2, heat exchanger 3, collects hot recycle pump 4 and fuel reserve tank 5, will too
The radiation energy of sun is converted to thermal energy, heats circulatory mediator to provide heat source, is subsequently used for the heating of pending seawater；Fuel reserve tank
For containing heat cycles medium, fuel reserve tank outlet is connected with thermal-arrest pump inlet, thermal-arrest circulating-pump outlet and solar energy collection
Hot device import is connected, and circulatory mediator delivers into solar thermal collector through collecting hot recycle pump, is carried by absorbing solar radiant energy
High-temperature；Solar thermal collector outlet is connected with heat exchanger circulatory mediator import, be used for circulatory mediator and seawater to be heated into
Row heat transfer；The outlet of heat exchanger circulatory mediator is connected with fuel reserve tank.
The energy supplyystem 16 includes：Solar panel 17, accumulator 18 and inverter 19 are used for the sun
Radiation energy is converted to electric energy, is stored in accumulator, runs and uses for the electrical equipment in device；The solar panel with
Accumulator is connected, and the accumulator is connected with inverter, and for direct current to be converted to alternating current, the inverter is followed with thermal-arrest
Ring pump 4, feed pump 13, cooling water pump 29, wind turbine 21, electric heater 22 are connected with other electrical equipments.
The air moistening system 6 includes：Humidifier 7, evaporation spray thrower 8, shell A9, filler A10, sieve plate A11, flow
Controller A12, feed pump 13, electric heater 22, drain valve 14 and concentrated seawater slot 15；The humidifier seawater circulation outlet with
Feed liquid pump intake is connected, and feed liquid pump discharge is connected with heat exchanger seawater inlet, and connecting line is equipped with flow controller A, heat exchange
Device seawer outlet is connected with evaporation spray thrower, and evaporation spray thrower is located at the top in humidifier, for the seawater spray after heating
In leaching to humidifier；The sieve plate A is located at the lower part in humidifier, and in seawater ullage, is fixed with humidifier inner surface
Connection；The filler A is placed in above sieve plate A, and seawater forms a film in filler A surface spreadings, to increase heat exchange area；Cold air via
Wind turbine 21 is driven into humidifier, and cold air carries out direct contact type caloic with seawater during flowing up and exchanges, and adds
Hot wet air heating after heat humidification exports outflow by the Hot wet air heating at the top of humidifier, and passes through pipeline and 24 Hot wet air heating of dehumidifier
Entrance is connected；The seawater reaches humidifier bottom after caloic exchanges, and is recycled next time, after seawater reaches a certain concentration
It is discharged, is collected into concentrated seawater slot through drain valve A；The electric heater is located at humidifier lower part, and in seawater liquid level hereinafter, with
Seawater is heated in rainy days.
The air dehumidification system 23 includes：Dehumidifier 24, cool water shower device 25, shell B26, filler B27, sieve plate
B28, cooling water pump 29, flow controller B30, drain valve B31, fresh-water tank 32, cooling coil 33 and bosh 34；It is described to remove
The cooling water circulation outlet of wet device is connected with cooling water pump entrance, and the cooling water pump outlet is connected with cooling coil entrance, cold
But coil pipe is placed in cold rinse bank, for cooling water temperature, cooling coil outlet to be connected with cool water shower device, on connecting line
Equipped with flow controller B, cool water shower device is placed in the top of dehumidifier, and being used for will be in cool water shower to dehumidifier；It is described
Sieve plate B is located at the lower part in dehumidifier, and in seawater ullage, is fixedly connected with dehumidifier inner surface；The filler B is placed in
Above sieve plate B, cooling water sprawls film forming in filler B surface, to increase heat exchange area；Hot wet air heating enters humidifier by pipeline
Interior, Hot wet air heating carries out direct contact type caloic with cooling water during flowing up and exchanges, the cold air after cool-down dehumidification
By the cold-air vent outflow at the top of dehumidifier, and it is connected with 21 entrance of wind turbine by pipeline, is recycled next time；Condensation production
Raw fresh water flow to dehumidifier bottom, and extra fresh water is discharged through drain valve B, collects into fresh-water tank.
The wind turbine 21 is located on the outside of dehumidifier, for the cold air in dehumidifier to be delivered in humidifier, and its with
Blast regulator 20 is connected, for controlling entrance air quantity, regulating system fresh water production rate.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, select the small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus in embodiment 1 as experimental provision, with into
Luggage sets long-time steady operation test experiments.Select the seawater that salinity is 3.5wt% as pending molten in the present embodiment
Liquid evaporates solution temperature in spray thrower and is set as 55 DEG C, and adjusting flow controller makes the circular flow of solution be 60L/h, cooling
The circular flow of water is 50L/h, and cooling water temperature is controlled at 20~25 DEG C.Adjusting blast regulator makes the system circulation wind speed be
2.5m/s(2.65m3/ min), device continuous operation 8 hours.The results are shown in Figure 2 for system water yield and salt rejection rate.It can see
Go out, system unit time water yield maintains a relatively stable state, in 1600g/h or so.Salt rejection rate is also always held at
99.98% or more.Should the result shows that, small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the present invention can be transported with long-time stable
Row, service using life are long.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, which is characterized in that including feed liquid heating system (1), energy resource supply system
System (16), air moistening system (6) and air dehumidification system (23)；
The feed liquid heating system (1) includes solar thermal collector (2), heat exchanger (3), collection hot recycle pump (4) and fuel reserve tank
(5), fuel reserve tank is connected for containing heat cycles medium, fuel reserve tank outlet with thermal-arrest pump inlet, thermal-arrest circulating-pump outlet
It is connected with heat exchanger circulatory mediator import, the outlet of heat exchanger circulatory mediator is connected with solar thermal collector import, solar energy heating
Device outlet is connected with fuel reserve tank import；
The energy supplyystem (16) includes solar panel (17), accumulator (18) and inverter (19), the sun
Energy solar panel is connected with accumulator, and the accumulator is connected with inverter, for direct current to be converted to alternating current, the inversion
Device respectively with collection hot recycle pump (4), feed pump (13), cooling water pump (29), wind turbine (21), electric heater (22) and other electricity consumptions
Equipment is connected；
The air moistening system (6) includes humidifier (7), evaporation spray thrower (8), shell A (9), filler A (10), sieve plate A
(11), flow controller A (12), feed pump (13), electric heater (22), drain valve A (14) and concentrated seawater slot (15)；It is described to add
The seawater circulation outlet of wet device is connected with feed liquid pump intake, and feed liquid pump discharge is connected with heat exchanger seawater inlet, on connecting line
It is provided with flow controller A, heat exchanger seawer outlet is connected with evaporation spray thrower, and evaporation spray thrower is located at upper in humidifier
Portion, in the seawater spraying to humidifier after heating；The sieve plate A is located at the lower part in humidifier, and in seawater liquid level
Top is fixedly connected with humidifier inner surface；The filler A is placed in above sieve plate A, and seawater forms a film in filler A surface spreadings, with
Increase heat exchange area；Cold air is driven into via wind turbine (21) in humidifier, cold air flow up during with seawater
Direct contact type caloic exchange is carried out, the Hot wet air heating after warming and humidifying exports outflow by the Hot wet air heating at the top of humidifier, and
It is connected with dehumidifier (24) Hot wet air heating entrance by pipeline；Seawater after caloic exchanges reaches humidifier bottom, carries out down
One cycle, seawater are discharged through drain valve A after reaching a certain concentration, collect into concentrated seawater slot；The electric heater, which is located at, to be added
Wet device lower part, and in seawater liquid level hereinafter, for being heated to seawater in rainy days；
The air dehumidification system (23) include dehumidifier (24), cool water shower device (25), shell B (26), filler B (27),
Sieve plate B (28), cooling water pump (29), flow controller B (30), drain valve B (31) and fresh-water tank (32)；The dehumidifier it is cold
But water loop exit is connected with cooling water pump entrance, and the cooling water pump outlet is connected with cool water shower device, on connecting line
Equipped with flow controller B, cool water shower device is placed in the top of dehumidifier, and being used for will be in cool water shower to dehumidifier；It is described
Sieve plate B is located at the lower part in dehumidifier, and in seawater ullage, is fixedly connected with dehumidifier inner surface；The filler B is placed in
Above sieve plate B, cooling water sprawls film forming in filler B surface, to increase heat exchange area；Hot wet air heating enters dehumidifier by pipeline
Interior, Hot wet air heating carries out direct contact type caloic with cooling water during flowing up and exchanges, the cold air after cool-down dehumidification
By the cold-air vent outflow at the top of dehumidifier, and it is connected with wind turbine (21) entrance by pipeline, is recycled next time；Condensation
The fresh water of generation flow to dehumidifier bottom, and extra fresh water is discharged through drain valve B, collects into fresh-water tank；
The wind turbine (21) is located on the outside of dehumidifier, for the cold air in dehumidifier to be delivered in humidifier, and itself and wind
Amount adjuster (20) is connected, for controlling entrance air quantity, regulating system fresh water production rate；
The concentrated seawater slot (15) is located at below humidifier drain valve A, for holding concentrated seawater；The fresh-water tank (32), which is located at, removes
Below wet device drain valve B, for holding production fresh water.
2. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include cooler pan
Manage (33) and bosh (34)；The cooling coil is connected with cooling water pump outlet, and cooling coil is positioned in cold rinse bank, uses
In to cooling water temperature, cooling coil outlet is connected with cool water shower device, and connecting line is equipped with flow controller B.
3. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that solar energy collection
Hot device is one or both of flat-plate solar heat collector, vacuum tube solar heating element and pipe type solar heat collector heat
Above combination.
4. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that solar energy collection
Circulatory mediator in hot device is conduction oil.
5. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that its cooling coil
Material is the combination of one or more of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, stainless steel tube.
6. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 2 or 5, which is characterized in that cooling coil
Surface be equipped with fin, the form of fin is the combination around one or more of chip, roller sheet formula, sheet string type.
7. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that humidifier removes
The shell of wet device is the combination of one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or glass-reinforced plastic material, outside shell
Portion is enclosed with thermal insulation material, has the function of keeping the temperature and prevent by seawater corrosion.
8. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that connecting line
For a combination of one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene or pvc material, thermal insulation material is enclosed with outside pipeline.
9. a kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that filler is modeling
Expect the combination of one or more of filler, ceramic packing, fiberglass filler；The shape of filler be Raschig ring, Pall ring,
The combination of one or more of cascade ring, arc saddle type, square saddle type, ring intalox shape, spherical shape.
10. using the method for any small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of claim 2-9, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps：
Step 1, high temperature circulation medium through collect hot recycle pump be delivered in heat exchanger, pending seawater is heated, then into
Enter solar thermal collector and absorb solar radiant energy, fuel reserve tank is delivered to after heating, is recycled next time；
Step 2, pending seawater passes through feed pump successively, flow controller enters heat exchanger, is changed with high temperature circulation medium
Then heat enters in humidifier through evaporating spray thrower, collides, sprawls, is crushed, splashes with the filler A in humidifier；
Step 3, unsaturated cold air is driven into humidifier lower part, the process that cold air flows up in humidifier through wind turbine
In carry out direct contact type caloic with seawater and exchange, air is warmed humidification, and remaining seawater arrival humidifier bottom carries out down
One cycle, concentrated seawater reach and enter concentrated seawater slot through drain valve A after a certain concentration；
Step 4, the Hot wet air heating after heating humidification via Pipeline transport to dehumidifier bottom, the mistake that is flowed up in dehumidifier
In journey with cool water shower device spray cooling water carry out direct contact type caloic exchange, air by cool-down dehumidification, later from except
The cold-air vent discharge of wet device top, is driven into humidifier through wind turbine via pipeline, is recycled next time；
Step 5, the fresh water that dehumidification process condensation generates flow to dehumidifier bottom, enters cooling coil through fresh water loop exit, with
Cooling water in bosh exchanges heat, and enters dehumidifier through flow controller B, cool water shower device after fresh water is cooled,
Dehumidification process, extra fresh water enter fresh-water tank through drain valve B next time for progress.
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| CN201810808795.7A CN108793299A (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method |
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| CN114702090A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Photovoltaic photo-thermal humidification and dehumidification system based on supergravity packed bed and working method thereof |
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