CN101117246A - Integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus - Google Patents
Integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101117246A CN101117246A CNA2007100151410A CN200710015141A CN101117246A CN 101117246 A CN101117246 A CN 101117246A CN A2007100151410 A CNA2007100151410 A CN A2007100151410A CN 200710015141 A CN200710015141 A CN 200710015141A CN 101117246 A CN101117246 A CN 101117246A
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- solar energy
- seawater
- sea water
- production apparatus
- valve tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
- F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated solar energy overall production device for seawater desalting, comprising a heat collecting and diaphragm transferring distiller, a heat exchanger, a blower, a cyclone separator, a temperature sensor and so forth, the distiller consists of a connecting box, a vacuum tube plugged on the connecting box, a seawater input tube inside the vacuum tube and a saturate vapor output tube, the internal side wall of the vacuum is provided with a wet diaphragm; with using the utility model, the heat collecting temperature of solar energy can be controlled within a low heat range from 40 to 60 DEG C, the light-heat exchanging rate can be increased; the side wall at the upper end of the seawater input tube is provided with a water distribution hole, the seawater is sprayed to the wet diaphragm through the water distribution hole, so the processes of heat collecting, diaphragm transferring distillation and micro negative pressure distillation can be conducted simultaneously, a diaphragm distilling area of seawater can be increased, the invention solves the problems where the utilization rate of solar energy light-heat is lower, the production efficiency is low, the clear water is easy to be polluted., etc, the efficiency can be largely increased, the cost is decreased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of thermal-arrest, falling-film distillation is the solar seawater desalination integral production device of one, belongs to the technical field that the solar energy thermal technology carries out sea water desaltination (salt water desalination).
Background technology
At present, human Freshwater resources are most deficient, and especially island and Kucheng's water area are though have abundant seawater or Kucheng's water resources, famine production, the used fresh water of life.Energy dilemma and the environmental pollution that causes owing to the use fossil energy impel the mankind to develop clean energies such as sun power, wind energy hardy.Along with the development of solar energy heating technology, occurred utilizing solar energy resources seawater (or brackish water) to be desalinated the technology and the device thereof of processing.
The patent No. a kind of solar-energy sea water desalting equipment that has been 01134409.1 patent disclosure, this equipment comprise that one is used for collecting sun power and is used to high temperature heat conducting medium from the output tube of high-temperature heat-gathering device with the high-temperature heat-gathering device of heating heat-conducting medium, one and produces the steam boiler of high-temperature water vapor and one and be used to wet distillation seawater from steam boiler to obtain the effect distillation seawater desalinating device of multi of fresh water.Because this equipment is to utilize the high temperature of solar energy high-temperature heat collection device generation more than 60 ℃, gives steam boiler and distillation plant by heat-conducting medium with the heat indirect transfer, just the heat transferred seawater is distilled then.Do like this and exist some shortcomings: at first, the photo-thermal turnover ratio of sun power increases and descends with temperature, and especially when heat-collecting temperature is higher than 60 ℃, its photo-thermal conversion efficiency will descend significantly, be unfavorable for making full use of of sun power; Secondly, because from collecting heat, finish by more than two devices to final utilizing the whole heat transfer process of heat distillatory, so, be subjected to factor affecting such as the heat exchange efficiency of every equipment and used heat dissipation of pipeline, thereby cause total heat utilization efficiency lower.
The patent No. a kind of vacuum pipe solar fresh-water generator that has been 98225969.7 patent disclosure, it is made up of sun power concave mirror surface, thermal-collecting tube, pipe core, condensing chamber, vacuum pump and seawater pond, seawater enters in the chuck of thermal-collecting tube and pipe core, distill in thermal-arrest, steam enters condensing chamber by pipe core and is condensed into fresh water.Though this desalination apparatus device carries out solar energy heating and sea water by distillation synchronously, need to use vacuum pump that the thermal-collecting tube heating chamber is pumped into high negative pressure, must be more high-power, expend the energy.And under the vacuum tightness condition with higher, seawater seethes with excitement in thermal-collecting tube, very easily forms foam, overflows in the pipe core, pollutes desalination water.In addition, the actual evaporation area of seawater in thermal-collecting tube is the cross-sectional area of the annular chuck between thermal-collecting tube and the pipe core only, and evaporation area is narrow and small, causes vaporization efficiency to reduce.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the above-mentioned shortcoming that exists when carrying out sea water desaltination in the prior art, a cover solar seawater desalination integral production device is provided.This device utilizes the photo-thermal and the existing vacuum pipe solar heat collection technology of sun power fully, solar energy heating, falling-film distillation and little vacuum distillation are integrated in the valve tube step to be finished, be aided with technology such as malleation condensation, waste heat recovery, the heat exchange of gas-liquid contact type humidification and gas-liquid separation simultaneously, finish all processes of sea water desaltination, obtain purified desalination water.Complete assembly is simple in structure, and the efficient height reduces investment and running cost.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus, comprise seawater header tank and thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group, described distiller group is made up of some solar energy vacuum tubes and collection header, valve tube is inserted on the collection header, it is characterized in that the sidewall in the described valve tube is provided with moistening film; Be provided with the seawater ingress pipe in the valve tube, its upper end shutoff has water distributing pore on the sidewall of upper end, the lower end connecting pipeline; Be provided with the saturated steam delivery line in addition, its upper end open, and its upper end is higher than the upper end of seawater ingress pipe, prevents to enter the water vapor delivery line, the lower end connecting pipeline from the seawater of water distributing pore ejection; Described collection header can import the thermal cycling air, and hot concentrated seawater is derived.
As a technical scheme of the present invention, above-mentioned moistening film is to have strong absorptive and hydrophobic fabric, and sticks on the valve tube inwall.
On the other hand, described valve tube can also be made into its inwall pelerine design, internal screw decorative pattern or striated decorative pattern except that selecting the ordinary vacuum tube with smooth inner wall for use, helps seawater and form moisture film in pipe, strengthens the falling-film distillation performance.
Described collection header has a side opening at least, and seawater ingress pipe and saturated vapor delivery line are installed on the collection header, and its lower port is passed the collection header.
As another technical scheme of the present invention, described sea water desaltination integral production device comprises that also an energy takes saturated vapor, form little negative pressure and form the blower fan of recirculated air out of in valve tube in total system, and described blower fan is communicated with the saturated vapor delivery line by pipeline; An energy is condensed into saturated vapor the interchanger of fresh water simultaneously with seawater preheating, and an outlet of described interchanger is by pipeline connection seawater ingress pipe; And an energy is fresh water and the isolating whirlwind separator of recirculated air, and the import of described separator is communicated with another outlet of described interchanger.
Sea water desalinating plant of the present invention also comprise one can make the recirculated air humidification and can carry out mutually with the hot concentrated seawater that collection is derived in the header, the tower interchanger of filler of phase heat exchange.Comprise a temperature sensor and a magnetic valve in addition, magnetic valve is installed on the seawaterline that connects the seawater header tank, by detecting the temperature of valve tube, controls magnetic valve and blower fan, and then realizes the control to distillation temperature in the valve tube.
Seawater carries out falling-film distillation and little vacuum distillation in described valve tube, the distillation temperature scope is 40~60 ℃, and the pressure of little vacuum distillation is greater than negative 100Pa.
For increasing the solar energy heating effect, concentration inverse light panel is installed in the gap between each valve tube of composition thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group.
In addition, for satisfying the demand that extensive sea water desaltination is produced, can use organizing the parallel connection of thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group more or being composed in series matrix module.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and positively effect are:
(1) because the vacuum pipe solar heat-collecting temperature interval of adopting is 40~60 ℃ a low heat rating, made full use of the temperature section of the highest photo-thermal conversion efficiency of solar energy heating valve tube, improve solar energy utilization rate, and then improve the production efficiency of sea water desaltination.
(2) after seawater to be distilled enters valve tube by the seawater ingress pipe, forcing the form that forms moisture film to be distributed on the inwall of vacuum heat collection pipe under the acting in conjunction of moistening film and gravity, the direct heating distillation, thus solar energy collector and falling-film distillation device are merged into an equipment.Like this when reducing equipment cost, avoided from solar energy collector to the distiller heat transfer process a large amount of thermosteresis, improve heat utilization efficiency;
Because sticking moistening film at the valve tube inwall, employing forms falling-film distillation on the other hand, the expanded area of valve tube inwall is direct as the distillation area, thereby improved evaporation area significantly, for example the outside diameter of a national standard is that 58mm, length are the solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe of 1800mm, and its inwall expanded area is approximately 0.265m
2Thereby, low hot-zone solar seawater desalination distillation efficiency is significantly improved.
(3) little negative pressure drop membrane distillation process is to carry out distillatory below the seawater boiling point in the valve tube, thereby has avoided seawater foamy generation in the still-process, has guaranteed the pure of fresh water.
(4) owing to taked little negative pressure drop membrane distillation in the valve tube, seawater is that the form with moisture film is present in the valve tube and is heated, distills, so thermal capacity is very little, thereby has shortened the start time that device is desalinated, and further enhances productivity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of an embodiment of sea water desaltination integral production device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 in the internal structure synoptic diagram of a valve tube.
Fig. 3 is the orientation scheme of installation of thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus of one embodiment of the invention comprises thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group 1, the tower interchanger 2 of filler, blower fan 3, whirlwind separator 4, interchanger 5, temperature sensor 12 and magnetic valve 13; Thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group 1 comprises some valve tubes 8 and collection header 7, and a side of collection header 7 leaves perforate, and is communicated with by the tower interchanger 2 of pipeline and filler; Valve tube 8 is installed on the collection header 7 side by side, has sticked moistening film 9 on the valve tube 8 inboard tube walls;
In addition, distiller group 1 also comprises and is fixed on the collection header 7 and inserts seawater ingress pipe 6 and saturated vapor delivery line 11 in the valve tube 8, and the upper end of saturated vapor delivery line 11 is higher than the upper end of seawater ingress pipe 6, has water distributing pore 10 on the sidewall of seawater ingress pipe upper end.
When the thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group 1 in the present embodiment production equipment was installed, the axis of every valve tube was to the west 10 ° on North and South direction, equaled local latitude with the angle theta on ground and added 10 °, shown in Fig. 3 orientation scheme of installation.
Valve tube is selected the all-glass vacuum tube of GB 58mm * 1800mm for use in the present embodiment, and when carrying out sea water desaltination, temperature sensor 12 is placed in one in the valve tube, because the heating condition of each valve tube is identical, and its temperature approximately equal.When the detected temperature of setting sensor is respectively 60 ℃ and 40 ℃, send the action of signal control topworks.When temperature sensor detected the valve tube temperature and arrives 60 ℃, magnetic valve 13 was opened automatically, and blower fan 5 is opened operation automatically simultaneously, and seawater (former water) enters interchanger 5 by the road by seawater header tank (not drawing among the figure), is heated into hot sea water by saturated vapor.Hot sea water enters the inner chamber upper top of valve tube 8 through seawater ingress pipe 6, sticked in advance on the inner side-wall of valve tube 8 and have strong absorptive and hydrophobic fabric as moistening film 9, seawater is sprayed onto the upper surface of moistening film 9 by the water distributing pore 10 that is arranged on ingress pipe 6 upsides.Then, seawater through preheating is compelled to form the moisture film that one deck descends on the inwall of valve tube 8 under the strong suction acting in conjunction of gravity and moistening film 9, moisture film is subjected to the heating of valve tube inner tubal wall and carries out falling-film distillation in the decline process, form saturated vapor and hot concentrated seawater.Hot concentrated seawater enters the tower interchanger 2 of filler by pipeline after flowing into collection header 7 again, and saturated vapor is taken away by negative pressure through saturated vapor delivery line 11 under the effect of blower fan 3, has formed pressure for bearing the little vacuum distillation about 80Pa in valve tube.Saturated vapor enters interchanger 5 with malleation again through behind the blower fan 3, in the time of with the former seawater of heat transferred, is condensed into fresh water and cold recirculated air.Enter whirlwind separator 4 by pipeline then, isolate fresh water and cold recirculated air.Fresh water flows into fresh water storage tank (not drawing among the figure), cold recirculated air then enters the tower interchanger 2 of filler by the road, with hot concentrated seawater that collection header 7 is discharged carry out reverse mutually, touch heat exchange, humidification join, hot concentrated seawater becomes cold concentrated seawater discharging, cold recirculated air is heated also becomes the thermal cycling air behind the humidification, and from the tower interchanger 2 of filler, derive, with hot concentrated seawater adverse current in same pipeline enter the collection header 7 after, then enter in the inner chamber of valve tube 8, inner chamber along valve tube 8 moves from bottom to top, forms airflow flowing and continues to participate in falling-film distillation.So just finished once from thermal-arrest, distilled the whole process of the sea water desaltination of condensation.
When sunny, this process is a successive.If sunlight is inadequate, cause that heat-collecting temperature descends in the valve tube, when temperature sensor detected temperature and is lower than 40 ℃, magnetic valve 13 cut out automatically, the seawater stop supplies, blower fan 3 is out of service automatically.If temperature sensor detects when heat-collecting temperature reaches 60 ℃ in the valve tube, open magnetic valve 13 and blower fan 3 again, proceed the process of above-mentioned seawater thermal-arrest, distillation and condensation, the operation that so goes round and begins again realizes the desalination production of seawater.
In the foregoing description, in order to improve the solar energy heating effect, CPC aluminium alloy concentration inverse light panel has also been installed in the gap between the tube and tube of each valve tube, has further improved the sea water desaltination efficient in low temp area and low temperature time.
As second embodiment of the present invention, distiller group used among above-mentioned first embodiment as a unit, by collection header opposite side port a plurality of distiller groups unit is connected, constitute fairly large matrix module, dispose condensation, heat exchange and tripping device etc. used among one or more sets first embodiment then, can realize extensive sea water desaltination production.
Need to prove, when utilizing integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus of the present invention to carry out sea water desaltination production, it is selected that the dimensions of valve tube and form are not limited to embodiment, also can be other satisfactory products, be made into pelerine design, internal screw decorative pattern or striated decorative pattern etc. as the valve tube inwall.All-glass vacuum tube be can select for use, glass, metallic solar energy vacuum collector or vacuum bilateral tube type solar heat collecting pipe also can be selected.In addition, the material of used moistening film, thickness reach the mode etc. that sticks with the valve tube inwall, can select according to actual needs and adjust.
Certainly; above-mentioned explanation is not to be limitation of the present invention; the present invention also is not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and variation, remodeling, interpolation or replacement that those skilled in the art are made in essential scope of the present invention also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus, comprise seawater header tank and thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group, described distiller group is made up of some solar energy vacuum tubes and collection header, valve tube is inserted on the collection header, it is characterized in that the sidewall in the described valve tube is provided with moistening film, be provided with the seawater ingress pipe in the valve tube, its upper end shutoff has water distributing pore on the sidewall of upper end, the lower end connecting pipeline, also be provided with the saturated steam delivery line, its upper end open, and its upper end is higher than the upper end of seawater ingress pipe, lower end connecting pipeline, described collection header can import the thermal cycling air, and hot concentrated seawater is derived.
2. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described moistening film is to have strong absorptive and hydrophobic fabric.
3. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that described valve tube inwall is provided with pelerine design, internal screw decorative pattern or striated decorative pattern.
4. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that described collection header has a side opening at least, and seawater ingress pipe and saturated steam delivery line are inserted on the collection header, and its lower port is passed the collection header.
5. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterized in that also comprising that an energy takes saturated steam, form little negative pressure and form the blower fan of recirculated air out of in valve tube in total system, described blower fan is communicated with the saturated steam delivery line by pipeline; An energy is condensed into saturated steam the interchanger of fresh water simultaneously with seawater preheating, and an outlet of described interchanger is by pipeline connection seawater ingress pipe; And an energy is fresh water and the isolating whirlwind separator of recirculated air, and the import of described separator is communicated with another outlet of described interchanger.
6. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterized in that also comprising one can make the recirculated air humidification and can carry out mutually with the hot concentrated seawater of deriving in the collection header, the tower interchanger of filler of phase heat exchange.
7. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 6, it is characterized in that also comprising a temperature sensor and a magnetic valve, magnetic valve is installed on the seawaterline that connects the seawater header tank, by detecting the temperature of valve tube, control magnetic valve and blower fan, and then realization is to the control of distillation temperature in the valve tube.
8. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that the distillation temperature scope in the described valve tube is 40~60 ℃, and the pressure of little vacuum distillation is greater than negative 100Pa.
9. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that forming between each valve tube of thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device group the gap concentration inverse light panel is installed, to increase the solar energy heating effect.
10. integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus according to claim 9 is characterized in that many group thermal-arrest falling-film distillation device groups are in parallel or is composed in series the matrix module use.
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CNB2007100151410A CN100510569C (en) | 2007-07-11 | 2007-07-11 | Integral solar energy sea water desalination production apparatus |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101244849B (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2010-06-09 | 苏润西 | Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus |
CN102115222A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2011-07-06 | 大连海水淡化工程研究中心有限公司 | Seawater falling film evaporator with thin-wall titanium tube |
CN102252303A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-11-23 | 云南齐裕经济技术发展有限公司 | Solar steam power device |
CN102294859A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2011-12-28 | 中山大学 | Moisture-absorbing material for sea water desalination and sea water desalination device |
CN103880201A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-25 | 威洁(石狮)中水回用技术有限公司 | Seawater desalination system and desalination method thereof |
CN104030515A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-09-10 | 任建军 | Vacuum desalination system and process |
CN104944485A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-30 | 无锡雪浪环境科技股份有限公司 | Distillation method seawater desalination system and method |
CN107720863A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-23 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of groove type solar sea water desalinating unit based on film distillation |
CN108946852A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-07 | 陈专 | A kind of device and method that seawater is sprayed to distillation desalination using solar energy |
CN117401755A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-01-16 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for desalting sea water by vacuum capillary distillation |
-
2007
- 2007-07-11 CN CNB2007100151410A patent/CN100510569C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101244849B (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2010-06-09 | 苏润西 | Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus |
CN102252303A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-11-23 | 云南齐裕经济技术发展有限公司 | Solar steam power device |
CN102115222A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2011-07-06 | 大连海水淡化工程研究中心有限公司 | Seawater falling film evaporator with thin-wall titanium tube |
CN102294859A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2011-12-28 | 中山大学 | Moisture-absorbing material for sea water desalination and sea water desalination device |
CN103880201A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-25 | 威洁(石狮)中水回用技术有限公司 | Seawater desalination system and desalination method thereof |
CN104030515A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-09-10 | 任建军 | Vacuum desalination system and process |
CN104030515B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-08-03 | 任建军 | A kind of vacuum seawater desalination system and technique |
CN104944485A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-30 | 无锡雪浪环境科技股份有限公司 | Distillation method seawater desalination system and method |
CN107720863A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-23 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of groove type solar sea water desalinating unit based on film distillation |
CN108946852A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-07 | 陈专 | A kind of device and method that seawater is sprayed to distillation desalination using solar energy |
CN117401755A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-01-16 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for desalting sea water by vacuum capillary distillation |
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