CN108314121B - Brackish water desalination device and brackish water desalination method - Google Patents

Brackish water desalination device and brackish water desalination method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108314121B
CN108314121B CN201810346527.8A CN201810346527A CN108314121B CN 108314121 B CN108314121 B CN 108314121B CN 201810346527 A CN201810346527 A CN 201810346527A CN 108314121 B CN108314121 B CN 108314121B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
circulation
brackish
heat storage
top cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201810346527.8A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN108314121A (en
Inventor
谭垚
韩德梁
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beautiful Land Beijing Ecological Environment Engineering Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Original Assignee
Beautiful Land Beijing Ecological Environment Engineering Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beautiful Land Beijing Ecological Environment Engineering Technology Research Institute Co ltd filed Critical Beautiful Land Beijing Ecological Environment Engineering Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Priority to CN201810346527.8A priority Critical patent/CN108314121B/en
Publication of CN108314121A publication Critical patent/CN108314121A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108314121B publication Critical patent/CN108314121B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/043—Details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
    • C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of brackish water desalination, in particular to a brackish water desalination device and a brackish water desalination method. The brackish water desalination device comprises an inner circulation structure and an outer circulation structure, wherein the inner circulation structure and the outer circulation structure form a double-layer structure; the inner circulation structure forms a first water circulation network for desalting the brackish water, and the outer circulation structure forms a second water circulation network for desalting the brackish water; the internal circulation structure comprises a solar heat collector which is used for collecting heat in the daytime and storing the heat in a first water circulation network; the brackish water forms desalted water through evaporation and condensation in the circulation process of the first water circulation network and transfers heat to the second water circulation network to realize heat accumulation; and (5) condensing the second water circulation network to form desalted water at night. The brackish water desalting device realizes continuous distillation of brackish water at night by utilizing heat accumulated in the daytime, and improves desalting efficiency by times; and natural cold and heat sources are utilized, so that the cost is saved.

Description

Brackish water desalination device and brackish water desalination method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brackish water desalination, in particular to a brackish water desalination device and a brackish water desalination method.
Background
The first large solar desalination plant in the world was a ceiling solar distillation plant built in north Chilean by Wilson, a Swedish engineer in 1872, with a total heat collection area of 4700m 2 Fresh water 23t can be produced every day in sunny days, the structure is simple, the greenhouse is similar to a greenhouse, the occupied area is large, and the daily water yield is generally 2-4 kg/m 2 The thermal efficiency can only reach 35% -45%. Solar distillers have come in many forms after traditional ceiling-based (pool-based) systems, such as inclined-screen-core systems, inclined-tray systems, inflatable systems, wick systems, and the like. On the basis of these basic forms, in order to improve the heat utilization efficiency, a single-stage structure is gradually developed to a multi-stage structure. At present, the most studied and technically mature disk solar distiller is easy to popularize and apply due to simple structure and convenient material taking. However, the tray solar still has the serious drawback of being inefficient, generally speaking, its annual yield is only 1000kg/m 2 And the requirements of users cannot be met. Theory and realityTrampling has shown that if the condensed latent heat of the water vapor is reused during system operation, the heat energy required for the evaporation process will be significantly reduced. The above requirements are fulfilled in a multi-effect distillation system, which has the major advantage of successfully recycling the latent heat of condensation of water vapour and the sensible heat of hot brine for preheating the incoming seawater. However, their construction is often complex and the running costs and capital investment are relatively high.
Therefore, the solar energy distillation sea water or brackish water desalting device in the prior art can only distill and collect desalted water in daytime, and has low productivity and high cost.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a brackish water desalination device and a brackish water desalination method, which solve the technical problems of low productivity and high cost of a solar distilled seawater or brackish water desalination device in the prior art.
The invention provides a brackish water desalination device, which comprises: an inner circulation structure and an outer circulation structure, the inner circulation structure and the outer circulation structure forming a double-layer structure;
the inner circulation structure forms a first water circulation network for desalting the brackish water, and the outer circulation structure forms a second water circulation network for desalting the brackish water;
the internal circulation structure comprises a solar heat collector which is used for collecting heat in the daytime and storing the heat in the first water circulation network; the brackish water forms desalted water through evaporation and condensation in the circulation process of the first water circulation network and transfers heat to the second water circulation network, so that the second water circulation network obtains and stores the heat; and when the night arrives, the heat accumulated by the first water circulation network and the second water circulation network is released, so that the brackish water is condensed to form desalted water in the circulation process of the second water circulation network.
As a further technical scheme, the internal circulation structure comprises an internal heat storage pool and an internal top cover; the inner-layer top cover is covered on the inner-layer heat storage water tank; the water inlet of the solar heat collector is communicated with the inner layer heat storage water tank, and the water outlet of the solar heat collector penetrates through the top of the inner layer top cover to be communicated, so that brackish water returns to the inner layer heat storage water tank;
the outer circulation structure comprises an outer heat storage pool and an outer top cover; the outer-layer top cover is covered on the outer-layer heat storage water tank; the outer layer heat storage water tank is communicated with the top of the outer layer top cover, so that brackish water in the outer layer heat storage water tank enters between the outer layer top cover and the inner layer top cover and returns to the outer layer heat storage water tank along the outer surface of the inner layer top cover.
As a further technical scheme, a first water collecting tank is arranged on the inner side of the inner layer top cover and used for collecting the desalted water in the first water circulation network;
the inner side of the outer layer top cover is provided with a second water collecting tank for collecting desalted water in the second water circulation network.
As a further technical scheme, the inner circulation structure further comprises a water distribution nozzle arranged at the top of the inner layer top cover, wherein the water distribution nozzle is communicated with a water outlet of the solar heat collector and is used for spraying brackish water to fall into the inner layer heat storage water tank.
As a further technical scheme, the inner-layer heat storage water tank is communicated with the water inlet of the solar heat collector through a first pipeline, and a first circulating pump is arranged on the first pipeline.
As a further technical scheme, the outer circulation structure further comprises a water distribution groove arranged at the top of the outer layer top cover, wherein the water distribution groove is communicated with the outer layer heat storage water tank and used for guiding brackish water between the outer layer top cover and the inner layer top cover and returning to the outer layer heat storage water tank along the outer surface of the inner layer top cover.
As a further technical scheme, the outer layer heat storage water tank is communicated with the water distribution tank through a second pipeline, and a second circulating pump is arranged on the second pipeline.
As a further technical scheme, the outer layer heat storage water tank is communicated with a water supplementing pipeline for leading in brackish water, and a port of the water supplementing pipeline for connecting the outer layer heat storage water tank is provided with a second ball cock; the outer layer heat storage water tank is communicated with the inner layer heat storage water tank, and a first ball float valve is arranged at the communication position of the outer layer heat storage water tank and the inner layer heat storage water tank.
As a further technical scheme, the outer layer heat storage water tank and the inner layer heat storage water tank are arranged in a buried mode.
The invention also provides a method for desalting the brackish water, which adopts any one of the brackish water desalting devices provided by the technical scheme to collect the desalted water and comprises the following steps:
day cycle desalination: the solar heat collector in the internal circulation structure collects solar energy, and heat is stored in the first water circulation network through the circulation of brackish water in the first water circulation network; evaporating and condensing brackish water to form desalted water when the brackish water circulates in the first water circulation network, releasing vaporization latent heat, and absorbing the brackish water in the second water circulation network; the brackish water in the second water circulation network stores heat in the first water circulation network through circulation;
and (3) circularly desalting at night: and releasing heat accumulated by the first water circulation network and the second water circulation network, so that brackish water circulating in the second water circulation network is condensed to form desalted water.
Compared with the prior art, the bitter desalination device and the bitter desalination method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a brackish water desalination device, which comprises an inner circulation structure and an outer circulation structure, wherein the inner circulation structure and the outer circulation structure form a double-layer structure; the inner circulation structure forms a first water circulation network for desalting the brackish water, and the outer circulation structure forms a second water circulation network for desalting the brackish water; the internal circulation structure comprises a solar heat collector which is used for collecting heat in the daytime and storing the heat in a first water circulation network; the brackish water forms desalted water through evaporation and condensation in the circulation process of the first water circulation network and transfers heat to the second water circulation network, so that the second water circulation network obtains heat and stores the heat; and when the night arrives, the heat accumulated by the first water circulation network and the second water circulation network is released, so that the brackish water is condensed to form desalted water in the circulation process of the second water circulation network.
During daytime, when the inner circulation structure circulates, the solar heat collector collects heat to continuously increase the temperature of the brackish water, so that the brackish water in the first water circulation network circulation continuously accumulates heat, and meanwhile, the warmed brackish water is evaporated and condensed to form desalted water. In the process, heat released in the condensation process is collected by brackish water in the second water circulation network and is continuously accumulated in the second water circulation network along with the circulation of the brackish water in the second water circulation network. And when the night arrives, the brackish water in the second water circulation network is continuously condensed along with the temperature reduction in the circulation process to form desalted water.
According to the brackish water desalination device provided by the invention, natural cold and heat sources are utilized, a two-layer water circulation network is adopted, the inner layer directly utilizes solar energy to store heat, the outer layer utilizes evaporation to generate secondary heat storage of latent heat of vaporization, heat recovery is realized, day and night continuous brackish water distillation is realized by utilizing heat stored in daytime, and desalination efficiency is doubled; and natural cold and heat sources are utilized, so that the cost is saved.
The brackish water desalination method provided by the invention adopts the brackish water desalination device to carry out day and night distillation to desalinate water, and has high productivity and low cost.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brackish water desalination device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 11-an inner layer heat storage pool; 12-an inner layer top cover; 13-a first water collection sump; 14-water distribution spray heads; 15-a solar collector; 16-a first conduit; 17-a first circulation pump; 18-a first float valve; 19-an access door; 21-an outer layer heat storage pool; 22-an outer cap; 23-a second water collection sump; 24-water distribution grooves; 25-a second conduit; 26-a second circulation pump; 27-a second float valve; 28-a pool cover plate; 3-a water supplementing pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a brackish water desalination apparatus, including an inner circulation structure and an outer circulation structure, the inner circulation structure being disposed in the outer circulation structure; the inner circulation structure forms a first water circulation network for desalting the brackish water, and the outer circulation structure forms a second water circulation network for desalting the brackish water;
the internal circulation structure comprises a solar heat collector 15 for collecting heat in the daytime and storing the heat in a first water circulation network; the brackish water forms desalted water through evaporation and condensation in the circulation process of the first water circulation network and transfers heat to the second water circulation network, so that the second water circulation network obtains heat and stores the heat; and when the night arrives, the heat accumulated by the first water circulation network and the second water circulation network is released, so that the brackish water is condensed to form desalted water in the circulation process of the second water circulation network.
The traditional solar distiller has three reasons for the excessively low water yield: firstly, the latent heat of condensation of the water vapor is not reused, but is dissipated into the atmosphere through the cover plate; secondly, the heat exchange mode of natural convection in the traditional solar distiller greatly limits the improvement of the heat performance of the distiller; and thirdly, the heat capacity of the brackish water to be evaporated is too large, so that the increase of the operating temperature is limited, and the driving force of evaporation is weakened. Therefore, to increase the water yield of a solar distillation system, the above drawbacks must be overcome.
According to the brackish water desalination device provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the daytime, when the brackish water circulates in the internal circulation structure, the solar heat collector 15 collects heat to continuously increase the temperature of the brackish water, so that the brackish water in the circulation of the first water circulation network continuously accumulates heat. Meanwhile, the warmed brackish water is evaporated and condensed to form desalted water, heat released in the condensation process is collected by brackish water in the second water circulation network, and the desalted water is continuously accumulated in the second water circulation network along with the circulation of the brackish water in the second water circulation network. And when the night arrives, the water in the first water circulation network continuously releases heat, and the brackish water in the second water circulation network is continuously condensed in the circulation process to form desalted water.
It can be seen that the solar energy brackish water desalination device provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes natural cold and heat sources, adopts a two-layer water circulation network, directly utilizes solar energy to store heat in the inner layer, utilizes evaporation to generate secondary heat of vaporization latent heat in the outer layer to store heat, realizes heat recovery, utilizes heat stored in daytime at night to realize continuous brackish water distillation at night, and improves desalination efficiency by times; and natural cold and heat sources are utilized, so that the cost is saved.
And when the temperature is reduced in the evening, the temperature of the brackish water in the first water circulation network is continuously reduced, salt crystals are precipitated when the salt concentration in the brackish water reaches a certain value, the step of airing the brackish water in concentrated water is omitted, and meanwhile, the utilization of the brackish water is maximized.
Wherein, the outer layer heat storage water tank 21 is communicated with a water supplementing pipeline 3 for leading in brackish water, and a port of the water supplementing pipeline 3 for connecting the outer layer heat storage water tank 21 is provided with a first ball float valve 18; the outer heat storage water tank 21 is communicated with the inner heat storage water tank 11, and a second ball float valve 27 is arranged at the communication position of the outer heat storage water tank 21 and the inner heat storage water tank.
The external brackish water firstly enters the outer heat storage water tank 21 through the water supplementing pipeline 3, and the liquid level is regulated by the second ball float valve 27. The brackish water in the outer-layer heat storage water tank 21 reenters the inner-layer heat storage water tank 11, and the first ball float valve 18 arranged at the communication position of the two can adjust the water inflow, so that the brackish water in the inner-layer heat storage water tank 11 keeps a certain liquid level.
The brackish water adopts the mode of sequentially supplementing water from the external water supplementing pipeline 3 to the external heat storage water tank 21 to the internal heat storage water tank 11, so that the external heat storage water tank 21 is ensured to be large in water supplementing quantity and small in evaporation quantity, an unsaturated state is always kept, and maintenance workload caused by salt precipitation or scaling is reduced.
The natural heat insulation function needs to be described, the outer layer heat storage water tank 21 and the inner layer heat storage water tank 11 are buried, and the double-layer heat storage water tank has the natural heat insulation function, is favorable for heat storage and heat preservation, and can reduce construction cost.
Specifically, the inner circulation structure further comprises an inner heat storage pool 11 and an inner top cover 12; the inner-layer top cover 12 is covered on the inner-layer heat storage water tank 11; the water inlet of the solar heat collector 15 is communicated with the inner layer heat storage water tank 11, and the water outlet passes through the top of the inner layer top cover 12 to be communicated so as to enable brackish water to return to the inner layer heat storage water tank 11, thereby forming a first water circulation network.
Specifically, the inner circulation structure further comprises a water distribution nozzle 14 arranged at the top of the inner layer top cover 12, and the water distribution nozzle 14 is communicated with a water outlet of the solar heat collector 15 and is used for spraying brackish water to fall into the inner layer heat storage water tank 11.
Here, the solar heat collector 15 is preferably a vacuum glass tube heat collector, and the inner-layer top cover 12 is preferably a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 0.3mm and the model number of 316, so that a relatively ideal condensation heat transfer effect can be obtained, and meanwhile, the corrosion resistance is ensured.
The inner layer heat storage water tank 11 is communicated with a water inlet of the solar heat collector 15 through a first pipeline 16, and a first circulating pump 17 is arranged on the first pipeline 16.
Further, a first water collection tank 13 is provided inside the inner roof 12 for collecting desalinated water in the first water circulation network.
In at least one embodiment of the invention, the external circulation structure comprises an external heat storage water tank 21 and an external top cover 22; the outer layer top cover 22 is covered on the outer layer heat storage pool 21; the outer heat storage water tank 21 is communicated with the top of the outer top cover 22, so that the brackish water in the outer heat storage water tank 21 enters between the outer top cover 22 and the inner top cover 12 and returns to the outer heat storage water tank 21 along the outer surface of the inner top cover 12, thereby forming a second water circulation network.
Specifically, the outer circulation structure further comprises a water distribution groove 24 arranged at the top of the outer layer top cover 22, wherein the water distribution groove 24 is communicated with the outer layer heat storage water tank 21 and is used for guiding the brackish water between the outer layer top cover 22 and the inner layer top cover 12 and returning to the outer layer heat storage water tank 21 along the outer surface of the inner layer top cover 12.
Here, the outer cover 22 is preferably made of transparent white glass, so that solar energy can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the heat insulation effect is achieved.
The outer layer heat storage water tank 21 is communicated with the water distribution groove 24 through a second pipeline 25, and a second circulating pump 26 is arranged on the second pipeline 25.
Further, a second water collecting tank 23 is provided on the inner side of the outer cover 22 for collecting desalinated water in the second water circulation network.
The first circulation pump 17 and the second circulation pump 26 preferably use a plastic self-priming pump or a diaphragm self-priming pump, which is beneficial to maintenance of the apparatus.
In addition, the brackish water desalination device provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises an access door 19 and a pool cover plate 28, wherein the access door 19 is arranged on the inner layer top cover 12, and the pool cover plate 28 is arranged on the outer layer heat storage pool 21. Access door 19 and sump cover 28 are used for cleaning and maintenance of inner and outer thermal storage sumps 11 and 21, respectively
The operation of the brackish water desalination device is described in detail with reference to the specific structure of the brackish water desalination device provided in the above embodiments.
In the daytime, the brackish water in the inner-layer heat storage water tank 11 enters the water inlet of the solar heat collector 15 along the first pipeline 16 under the drive of the first circulating pump 17 and flows out from the water outlet of the solar heat collector 15, and in the process, the temperature of the brackish water absorbs solar energy to rise. The bitter flowing out from the water outlet of the solar heat collector 15 reaches the top of the inner layer top cover 12, is sprayed downwards through the water distribution nozzle 14, and falls into the inner layer heat storage water tank 11. In the process of spraying the brackish water downwards, part of the brackish water is evaporated into water vapor due to the high temperature of the brackish water, and is condensed on the inner wall of the inner top cover 12, and the water vapor forms desalted water which flows downwards along the inner wall of the inner top cover 12 and is collected by the first water collecting tank 13. And the temperature of the brackish water in the inner heat storage water tank 11 is continuously increased by sequentially circulating. It should be noted that, when the brackish water evaporates and condenses on the inner wall of the inner roof 12, the latent heat of vaporization is released.
The brackish water in the outer heat storage pool 21 reaches the top of the outer top cover 22 along the second pipeline 25 under the drive of the second circulating pump 26 and is uniformly scattered downwards by the water distribution groove 24, and as the inner top cover 12 is positioned on the inner side of the outer top cover 22, the brackish water sprayed out by the water distribution groove 24 enters between the outer top cover 22 and the inner top cover 12 and falls on the outer surface of the inner top cover 12 under the action of gravity, and flows downwards along the outer surface of the inner top cover 12 to fall into the outer heat storage pool 21. The latent heat of vaporization released by the water vapor condensed inside the inner roof 12 is absorbed by the portion of the brackish water as it flows down the outer surface of the inner roof 12. The temperature of the brackish water in the outer heat storage water tank 21 is continuously increased by sequentially circulating. It should be noted that, when the brackish water flows along the outer surface of the inner top cover 12, a portion of the brackish water evaporates and condenses on the inner wall of the outer top cover 22, and this portion of the water vapor forms desalinated water flowing down along the inner wall of the outer top cover 22 and is collected by the second water collecting tank 23.
At night or in the sun, the solar heat collector 15 is no longer collecting heat, the accumulation of brackish water in the inner layer heat accumulation water tank 11 is stopped, the temperature of the brackish water in the inner layer heat accumulation water tank 11 is continuously reduced in the continuous circulation of the brackish water in the first water circulation network, and salt crystals are precipitated when the salt concentration in the brackish water reaches a certain value.
As the temperature of the environment is continuously reduced during the night, part of the brackish water in the outer layer heat storage water tank 21 is condensed on the inner wall of the outer layer top cover 22 in the continuous circulation of the brackish water in the second water circulation network, and the condensed water is collected in the second water collection tank 23 and is used as desalinated water.
The invention also provides a method for desalting brackish water, which adopts any one of the brackish water desalting devices provided by the embodiment to collect desalted water, and comprises the following steps:
day cycle desalination: the solar heat collector 15 in the internal circulation structure collects solar energy, and stores heat in the first water circulation network by circulating brackish water in the first water circulation network; evaporating and condensing brackish water to form desalted water when the brackish water circulates in the first water circulation network, releasing vaporization latent heat, and absorbing the brackish water in the second water circulation network; the brackish water in the second water circulation network stores heat in the second water circulation network through circulation;
and (3) circularly desalting at night: and releasing heat accumulated by the first water circulation network and the second water circulation network, so that brackish water circulating in the second water circulation network is condensed to form desalted water.
In summary, the brackish water desalination device and the brackish water desalination method provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following technical advantages:
1. the double-layer heat storage pool design and the design of secondary utilization of the latent heat of evaporation are adopted, the inner layer directly utilizes solar energy for heat storage, the outer layer utilizes the secondary heat of evaporation to generate the latent heat of evaporation for heat storage, the heat recovery is realized, the day and night continuous brackish water distillation is realized by utilizing the heat accumulated in the daytime at night, and the desalination efficiency is doubled;
2. the natural cold and heat sources are utilized, no additional complex equipment or power is needed, the desalination and utilization of the brackish water can be realized on site in a distributed manner, and the cost is saved;
3. the bitter water adopts the mode of sequentially supplementing water from the external water supplementing pipeline 3 to the external heat storage water tank 21 to the internal heat storage water tank 11, so that the external heat storage water tank 21 is high in water supplementing quantity and small in evaporation quantity, an unsaturated state is always kept, the internal heat storage water tank 11 is continuously concentrated, the step of drying the bitter water in a concentrated manner is omitted, the maximization of the bitter water utilization is realized, and the maintenance workload caused by salt precipitation or scaling is reduced;
4. the whole set of device adopts a buried double-layer structure and has the functions of natural heat insulation and heat preservation;
5. the method is used for the middle and western parts of China, which can fully utilize abundant solar energy resources and the characteristic of larger temperature difference between day and night, and meets the huge demand of the desalination of the bitter salty water in the middle and western parts.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A brackish water desalination apparatus, comprising: an inner circulation structure and an outer circulation structure, the inner circulation structure and the outer circulation structure forming a double-layer structure;
the inner circulation structure forms a first water circulation network for desalting the brackish water, and the outer circulation structure forms a second water circulation network for desalting the brackish water;
the internal circulation structure comprises a solar heat collector (15) for collecting heat in the daytime and storing the heat in the first water circulation network; the brackish water forms desalted water through evaporation and condensation in the circulation process of the first water circulation network and transfers heat to the second water circulation network, so that the second water circulation network obtains and stores the heat; when the night arrives, the heat accumulated by the first water circulation network and the second water circulation network is released, so that the brackish water is condensed to form desalted water in the circulation process of the second water circulation network;
the inner circulation structure comprises an inner layer heat storage water tank (11), an inner layer top cover (12) and a water distribution spray head (14) arranged at the top of the inner layer top cover (12); the inner layer top cover (12) is covered on the inner layer heat storage water tank (11); the water inlet of the solar heat collector (15) is communicated with the inner layer heat storage water tank (11), and the water outlet passes through the top of the inner layer top cover (12) and is communicated with the water distribution nozzle (14), so that brackish water returns to the inner layer heat storage water tank (11);
the external circulation structure comprises an external heat storage pool (21) and an external top cover (22); the outer layer top cover (22) is covered on the outer layer heat storage water tank (21); the outer layer heat storage water tank (21) is communicated with the top of the outer layer top cover (22) so that brackish water in the outer layer heat storage water tank (21) enters between the outer layer top cover (22) and the inner layer top cover (12) and returns to the outer layer heat storage water tank (21) along the outer surface of the inner layer top cover (12);
a first water collecting tank (13) is arranged on the inner side of the inner layer top cover (12) and is used for collecting desalted water in the first water circulation network;
a second water collecting tank (23) is arranged on the inner side of the outer layer top cover (22) and is used for collecting desalted water in the second water circulation network;
the outer layer heat storage water tank (21) is communicated with a water supplementing pipeline (3) for leading in brackish water, and a second ball float valve (27) is arranged at a port of the water supplementing pipeline (3) for connecting the outer layer heat storage water tank (21); the outer-layer heat storage water tank (21) is communicated with the inner-layer heat storage water tank (11), and a first ball float valve (18) is arranged at the communication position of the outer-layer heat storage water tank and the inner-layer heat storage water tank.
2. The brackish water desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner layer heat storage water tank (11) is communicated with the water inlet of the solar heat collector (15) through a first pipeline (16), and a first circulating pump (17) is arranged on the first pipeline (16).
3. The brackish water desalination plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer circulation structure further comprises a water distribution tank (24) arranged at the top of the outer layer top cover (22), the water distribution tank (24) being in communication with the outer layer heat storage water tank (21) for guiding brackish water between the outer layer top cover (22) and the inner layer top cover (12) and back to the outer layer heat storage water tank (21) along the outer surface of the inner layer top cover (12).
4. A brackish water desalination plant according to claim 3, wherein the outer heat storage water tank (21) is connected to the water distribution tank (24) through a second pipe (25), and a second circulation pump (26) is arranged on the second pipe (25).
5. The brackish water desalination device according to claim 1, wherein the outer layer heat storage water tank (21) and the inner layer heat storage water tank (11) are both arranged in a buried manner.
6. A method for desalinating brackish water, characterized in that the method for collecting desalinated water by using the brackish water desalination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the steps of:
day cycle desalination: the solar heat collector (15) in the internal circulation structure collects solar energy, and heat is stored in the first water circulation network through the circulation of brackish water in the first water circulation network; evaporating and condensing brackish water to form desalted water when the brackish water circulates in the first water circulation network, releasing vaporization latent heat, and absorbing the brackish water in the second water circulation network; the brackish water in the second water circulation network stores heat in the second water circulation network through circulation;
and (3) circularly desalting at night: and releasing heat accumulated by the first water circulation network and the second water circulation network, so that brackish water circulating in the second water circulation network is condensed to form desalted water.
CN201810346527.8A 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 Brackish water desalination device and brackish water desalination method Active CN108314121B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810346527.8A CN108314121B (en) 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 Brackish water desalination device and brackish water desalination method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810346527.8A CN108314121B (en) 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 Brackish water desalination device and brackish water desalination method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108314121A CN108314121A (en) 2018-07-24
CN108314121B true CN108314121B (en) 2023-06-09

Family

ID=62898718

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810346527.8A Active CN108314121B (en) 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 Brackish water desalination device and brackish water desalination method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108314121B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110282680A (en) * 2019-05-10 2019-09-27 东南大学 A kind of device of solar energy purification bitter
CN110510691A (en) * 2019-09-19 2019-11-29 云南师范大学 A kind of automatic water-supply distillation basin apparatus using double slanted condensation
CN111908540A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-11-10 荆门市润泽电磁脱盐设备有限公司 Solar seawater desalination equipment
CN113816454B (en) * 2021-08-20 2022-07-05 常州大学 Brackish water evaporation desalting device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101152964A (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-04-02 北京京鹏环球科技股份有限公司 Solar energy sea water desalinating warmhouse
CN102815758A (en) * 2012-07-18 2012-12-12 高骥 Sunlight water purifying and heating device
CN104671313A (en) * 2015-03-04 2015-06-03 海南瑞亚农业科技有限公司 Solar sea water desalination device
CN104828890A (en) * 2015-04-24 2015-08-12 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 Sun-drying type seawater desalination device having active condensation function and method
CN106915791A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-07-04 北京理工大学 Horizontal decentralized casing solar energy sea water desalination apparatus with optically focused directly-heated function

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8580085B2 (en) * 2007-10-25 2013-11-12 Kll, Inc. Systems and methods for water distillation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101152964A (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-04-02 北京京鹏环球科技股份有限公司 Solar energy sea water desalinating warmhouse
CN102815758A (en) * 2012-07-18 2012-12-12 高骥 Sunlight water purifying and heating device
CN104671313A (en) * 2015-03-04 2015-06-03 海南瑞亚农业科技有限公司 Solar sea water desalination device
CN104828890A (en) * 2015-04-24 2015-08-12 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 Sun-drying type seawater desalination device having active condensation function and method
CN106915791A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-07-04 北京理工大学 Horizontal decentralized casing solar energy sea water desalination apparatus with optically focused directly-heated function

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108314121A (en) 2018-07-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108314121B (en) Brackish water desalination device and brackish water desalination method
US4363703A (en) Thermal gradient humidification-dehumidification desalination system
CN104925883B (en) Concentrated salt waste water energy-saving treatment device
CN101219817B (en) Multiple-effect distillation device and method for desalting sea water or brackish water only by using solar
CN105923676A (en) Efficient solar seawater desalination and air conditioner refrigeration combined operation method and system thereof
CN103496750B (en) System for concentrating salt-containing wastewater and recycling fresh water by comprehensive utilization of heat pump system
CN108793299A (en) A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method
CN106673097A (en) Seawater desalting plant for solar coupled heat pump
CN103708573A (en) Reinforced convection heat transfer type solar distillation sea water desalting device
CN1600694A (en) Energy saving spraying distillation type seawater desalination method under negative pressure and equipment
CN202080914U (en) Composite solar seawater desalting device
CN103663589B (en) Seawater desalinization method and seawater desalinization device
CN101708872B (en) Solar desalting device
CN102849813A (en) Solar multi-effect distillation system
CN108328684B (en) Multistage seawater desalination system based on carrier gas humidity change
CN102874969A (en) Interactive absorption type solar energy and wind energy sea water desalting device
CN204981215U (en) Solar thin film waste water evaporative concentration device
Picinardi Cogeneration of cooling energy and fresh water
CN203582533U (en) Sea water desalting device
CN201626848U (en) Apparatus for desalting salt water
CN212269755U (en) Automatic latent heat circulation type latent heat sea water desalting device
CN208916849U (en) A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus
CN105836831B (en) Solar energy film waste water evaporation concentration device
CN107651720B (en) Multistage humidification dehumidification type sea water desalination device with loop type gravity assisted heat pipe structure
CN201825750U (en) Water self-storage type multi-stage vertical-wall falling-film condensing distilling device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant