CN112956303A - Reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla frutescens seeds and application method - Google Patents
Reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla frutescens seeds and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112956303A CN112956303A CN202110125215.6A CN202110125215A CN112956303A CN 112956303 A CN112956303 A CN 112956303A CN 202110125215 A CN202110125215 A CN 202110125215A CN 112956303 A CN112956303 A CN 112956303A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
Abstract
The invention provides a reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla seeds and an application method thereof, and relates to the technical field of perilla planting and breeding. The method for breaking the dormancy of the perilla frutescens seeds by using the reagent comprises the following technical steps: step one, collecting seeds; step two, seed pretreatment; step three, disinfecting seeds; preparing and soaking a reagent; and step five, accelerating germination. The invention researches out a preparation method of a specific reagent, screens out the optimal seed soaking mode and the optimal seed soaking time by researching the influence of the seed soaking mode and the seed soaking time on the germination of the newly harvested seeds with the dormancy stage, develops a corresponding germination accelerating method, and obtains an effective method for breaking the dormancy of the perilla seeds, the method can break the dormancy of more than 90 percent of the new seeds, and the purple perilla seeds rapidly germinate within 3 to 4 days.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of purple perilla breeding generation-adding and planting, in particular to a reagent for breaking purple perilla seed dormancy and an application method.
Background
Perilla [ Perilla frutescens (L.) ] Labiatae, Perilla frutescens, has a history of nearly two thousand years in planting and application in China, and is one of medicinal and edible plants issued by the national ministry of health in batches. Along with the understanding and development of health care value of the perilla, the perilla has new and high price and strong market demand. The perilla herb oil product has the content of about 130-550 yuan per kilogram of perilla herb crude oil, and the annual market gap amount is still 60 percent. The perilla leaves as fresh vegetables have requirements all year round, the market demand is about 4000-. In Japan, there are thousands of mu of orders for producing perilla leaves in Shandong, Jiangsu and other places in China, and the production is carried out in two seasons in a year. These industries require the necessary guarantee from the perilla seed source, but there are two major problems in the development of the perilla seed industry at present: the first is that the high-quality and high-yield purple perilla variety is deficient, and the variety breeding process is slow; the second is the lack of off-season planting seed source. The phenomenon is mainly caused because the new perilla seeds have dormancy, the dormancy period is as long as 4-5 months, the newly harvested seeds basically cannot germinate when being sown, so that the bred new perilla seeds can only breed one generation every year and cannot be added, and the breeding process is slow; on the other hand, the aged perilla seeds have extremely low vitality, irregular emergence and low resistance to field stress, so that new seeds in season are lacked in out-of-season planting of the perilla, and old seeds are large in seed consumption, poor in emergence, and weak in seedling growth and resistance. Therefore, the breeding and the out-of-season planting of the new purple perilla variety are greatly influenced. Therefore, the method for breaking the dormancy of the new perilla seed is explored, and the method has important significance for shortening the breeding period of the new perilla seed and planting in different seasons.
Gibberellin is a high-efficiency plant growth regulator, and can not only promote the elongation of plant cells and accelerate the growth and development, so that the plant cells are matured in advance, and the yield is increased or the quality is improved; also can break the dormancy of organs such as seeds, tubers and bulbs of certain plants and promote germination. However, the solubility of gibberellin has a great influence on the vitality of plants, and the death of seeds caused by improper concentration and soaking time. The invention takes gibberellin as a basic substance, selects a reagent, and researches the seed soaking time, the seed soaking mode and the like of the new perilla seed so as to research out a reagent for breaking the dormancy of the perilla seed and an application method.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of less prior art, complex preparation of medicament, difficult obtainment and the like, the invention provides a simple and feasible reagent for breaking the dormancy of perilla frutescens seeds and an application method thereof, solves the problem that the new perilla frutescens seeds cannot germinate when being directly sown in the dormancy period, and can promote the new perilla frutescens seeds to germinate quickly.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla seeds and an application method thereof comprise the following technical steps:
step one, seed collection: selecting healthy and strong plants without diseases and insect pests, harvesting mature and full purple perilla seeds, removing inferior seeds with dry shrivelled, mildewed and different colors, airing the seeds, drying and bagging for storage;
step two, seed pretreatment: washing the optimized perilla seeds with water for 10 minutes to remove dust, wax and the like on the skins;
step three, seed disinfection: soaking perilla seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes, then washing the perilla seeds clean with water, and then washing the perilla seeds twice with alcohol;
step four, soaking the reagent: adding gibberellin into alcohol, stirring to dissolve the powder completely, adding water to desired volume, and mixing to obtain uniform solution. Putting the seeds treated in the third step into a gauze bag or a non-woven fabric bag, putting a reagent into the gauze bag or the non-woven fabric bag, and soaking the seeds in the reagent for 9-12 hours in a constant temperature environment at 25 ℃ to obtain imbibed seeds;
step five, pregermination treatment: and (4) putting the seeds treated in the fourth step into a constant temperature box with the temperature of 20-22 ℃, the humidity of 50% and the illumination of 13h for accelerating germination.
Preferably, the seeds soaked by the sodium hypochlorite solution in the third step need to be washed by sterile water when washed by a water source, and finally, the alcohol is used for washing, wherein the alcohol is an alcohol solution with the alcohol solubility of 75%.
Preferably, the reagent raw materials in the fourth step are as follows by weight: gibberellin 2.05-2.10g, 75% alcohol 20-22ml and water 978-.
Preferably, the reagent for breaking the dormancy of perilla seeds and the application method thereof are applied to the planting of the perilla seeds for breaking the dormancy.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla seeds, an application method and application. The method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the influence of different-duration seed soaking and germination accelerating on the newly harvested seeds by the screened specific reagent on seed germination is utilized, and the method for breaking the dormancy of the new perilla seeds is researched, so that more than 90% of the seeds can break the dormancy, the germination and germination time is greatly shortened, and most of the seeds are germinated only in 3-4 days. The invention can effectively break the dormancy of the new perilla seed and promote the seed germination.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
the embodiment of the invention provides a reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla seeds and an application method thereof, and the reagent comprises the following technical steps:
step one, seed collection: selecting healthy and strong plants without diseases and insect pests, harvesting mature and full purple perilla seeds, removing inferior seeds with dry shrivelled, mildewed and different colors, airing the seeds, drying and bagging for storage;
step two, seed pretreatment: cleaning the optimized perilla seeds with clear water for 10 minutes to remove dust, wax and the like on the skins;
step three, seed disinfection: soaking perilla seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes, then washing the perilla seeds clean with water, and then washing the perilla seeds twice with alcohol;
step four, soaking the reagent: adding gibberellin into alcohol, stirring to dissolve the powder completely, adding water to desired volume, and mixing to obtain uniform solution. Putting the seeds treated in the third step into a gauze bag or a non-woven fabric bag, and soaking the gauze bag or the non-woven fabric bag in a reagent at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 9-12 hours to obtain imbibed seeds;
step five, pregermination treatment: and C, placing the seeds treated in the fourth step in a constant temperature box with the temperature of 20-22 ℃ and the humidity of 50% for accelerating germination.
The seeds soaked by the sodium hypochlorite solution in the third step need to be washed by sterile water when washed by a water source, and finally, the alcohol solution with the best alcohol solubility of 75 percent is used for washing by alcohol.
The reagent raw materials in the fourth step are as follows by weight: 2.05 to 2.10g of gibberellin, 20 to 22ml of alcohol and 980ml of water 978-. In addition, the seeds are required to be put into a gauze bag or a non-woven fabric bag for soaking, the seeds cannot be directly poured into a reagent for soaking, otherwise, the seed soaking is not uniform, and the germination rate is reduced.
A reagent for breaking dormancy of Perilla seed and its application method are provided.
Experimental example:
screening test
1. Test materials: and (4) purple perilla seeds.
2. Reagent: gibberellin, 20-22ml of 75% alcohol and sterile water.
The reagent is set with 9 concentration gradients: A. b, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, the dosage of the prepared reagent is shown in Table 1 (the content of each medicine).
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly grinding gibberellin, then adding the gibberellin into 75% alcohol, stirring to dissolve the gibberellin, and then adding sterile water to a constant volume of 1000 ml.
TABLE 1 table of contents of each drug
3. The test method comprises the following steps: the reagent is set with 9 concentration gradients: A. b, C, D, E, F, G, H, I seed soaking time was set at 7 levels of 1h, 4h, 8h, 12h, 15h, 24h, 48h for a total of 63 treatments, each treatment set at 3 repetitions.
50 seeds were treated each.
The germination rate is the number of germinated seeds/total number of seeds;
the germination potential is equal to the number of germinated seeds/total number of seeds in the first 4 days;
4. data processing: the data was analyzed for variance using DPS.
5. And (3) test results:
(1) effect of different concentrations and seed soaking time on seed germination Rate
As can be seen from Table 2, most of the treatments are within the same concentration treatment, the germination rate tends to increase and then decrease along with the increase of the treatment time, and the germination rate reaches the highest when the seeds are soaked for 8 hours or 12 hours; the germination rate showed a tendency of increasing and then decreasing with increasing treatment concentration within the same time period as the treatment, and reached a maximum value at 2000mg/L concentration treatment. Of all treatments, 8 had a germination rate of greater than 98%, with B-4 up to 99.3%, C-4, D-4, G-1, G-3 and G-4 of 98.7%, and E-3 of 98.6%, with the 8 combinations having a germination rate that differed insignificantly but significantly higher than the others. As a result of analysis of germination percentage, the treatment concentration is preferably B, C, D, E, G, the seed soaking time is preferably 8 hours or 12 hours, and the optimum treatment combination is B-4, C-4, D-4, G-1, G-3 and G-4.
TABLE 2 influence of different treatments on the germination rate and germination vigor of new Perilla seed
(2) Influence of different concentrations and seed soaking time on seed germination vigor
As can be seen from Table 2, in the same concentration treatment, the germination potential increases and then decreases along with the increase of the treatment time, and the germination potential reaches the highest value when most of the treatments are soaked for 8 hours or 12 hours; the germination potential generally shows a trend of increasing, decreasing and then increasing with increasing treatment concentration within the same time period as the treatment, and reaches a maximum value at a concentration of 2000 mg/L. Of all treatments, 6 treatments had a germination potential of greater than 95%, with G-4 up to 96.7%, H-3, I-4, G-3 of 96.0%, F-3 and I-5 of 95.3%, and 5 treatments G-4 and H-3, I-4, G-3, F-3, I-5 were not significantly different, but significantly higher than the germination potential of the other treatments. From the results of the germination vigour analysis, the optimum concentration was F, G, H, I, the optimum seed soaking time was 8 hours or 12 hours, and the optimum treatment combinations were F-3, G-4, H-3, I-4 and I-5.
And (4) conclusion: according to the test results, the reagent concentration is too low, and the germination rate and the germination potential are low; the reagent concentration is too high, the germination potential of the perilla frutescens seeds is mostly low when the seed soaking time is short, the germination rate of the perilla frutescens seeds is low when the seed soaking time is long, the seed mildew amount is increased, therefore, the optimal combination of the reagent with different concentrations and the influence of the seed soaking time on the germination rate and the germination potential of the perilla frutescens seeds can be promoted by screening, the optimal promotion effect of G-3 and G-4 treatment on the germination rate and the germination potential of new perilla frutescens seeds in all treatments can be achieved, and the dormancy of the new perilla frutescens seeds can be broken. Therefore, the treatment combination of the screening is G-3 and G-4, the corresponding reagent concentration is 2000mg/L, the seed soaking time is 8-12h, and the seed soaking time is 9-12h for more accurate selection.
Second, verification test
1. Test materials: the Perilla seed is Qisu No. 2, M929.
2. Reagent: gibberellin 2.05-2.10g, alcohol 20-22ml, water 980-1000 ml. Firstly grinding gibberellin to avoid gibberellin agglomeration, then adding the gibberellin into alcohol, stirring to dissolve the gibberellin, and then adding sterile water to a constant volume of 1000 ml.
3. The test method comprises the following steps: reagent treatment (G-4): soaking seeds in the reagent for 10 hours at the constant temperature of 25 ℃;
CK: soaking the seeds in sterile water for 12 hours at the constant temperature of 25 ℃.
50 seeds were treated each, setting 3 replicates.
The germination rate is the number of germinated seeds/total number of seeds;
the germination potential is equal to the number of germinated seeds/total number of seeds in the first 4 days;
the germination index is sigma Gt/Dt; gt is the germination number t days after seed soaking; dt refers to the corresponding number of germination days;
4. data processing: the data was analyzed for variance using DPS.
5. And (3) test results: combining the daily emergence data and table 3, the average germination index of M929 under G-4 treatment is 21.45, which is significantly higher than 1.86 of Control (CK), and the average germination index of chia No. 2 under G-4 treatment is 21.01, which is significantly higher than 1.74 of Control (CK), indicating that there is no problem with seed viability, the number of days taken for seed germination after reagent treatment is reduced, seed germination can be rapidly promoted, and the number of seeds germination per day in the early stage is increased. The average germination rate of M929 under the G-4 treatment is 98.0 percent and is obviously higher than 26.7 percent of that of a Control (CK), the average germination index of Qisu No. 2 under the G-4 treatment is 98.1 percent and is obviously higher than 25.3 percent of that of the Control (CK), and therefore the screening reagent can break seed dormancy and ensure that more than 90 percent of seeds germinate. From the viewpoint of germination potential, the germination potential of the two material reagents after treatment is obviously higher than that of a control, the germination potential is strong, and the germination time after treatment is obviously shortened.
Table 3 verifies the germination index, germination rate and germination vigor of the material
According to the experimental results, the conditions of germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, seed mildew and the like are comprehensively analyzed, the seed dormancy can be broken within 8-12 hours of seed soaking in the reagent, the seed germination is rapidly promoted, and the method is simple, feasible and effective and can be applied to tests and production practices.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla seeds and an application method thereof are characterized by comprising the following technical steps:
step one, seed collection: selecting healthy and strong plants without diseases and insect pests, harvesting mature and full purple perilla seeds, removing inferior seeds with dry shrivelled, mildewed and different colors, airing the seeds, drying and bagging for storage;
step two, seed pretreatment: washing the optimized perilla seeds with water for 10 minutes to remove dust, wax and the like on the skins;
step three, seed disinfection: soaking perilla seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes, then washing the perilla seeds clean with water, and then washing the perilla seeds twice with alcohol;
step four, soaking the reagent: adding gibberellin into alcohol, stirring to completely dissolve the powder, adding water to a constant volume, and mixing the solution uniformly; putting the seeds treated in the third step into a gauze bag or a non-woven bag, putting the gauze bag or the non-woven bag into a reagent, and soaking the reagent at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 8 to 12 hours to obtain imbibed seeds;
step five, pregermination treatment: and (4) putting the seeds treated in the fourth step into a constant temperature box with the temperature of 20-22 ℃, the humidity of 50% and the illumination of 13h for accelerating germination.
2. The reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla frutescens seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeds soaked by sodium hypochlorite solution in step three need to be washed by sterile water when washed by water source, and the alcohol used for washing finally is 75% alcohol solution.
3. The reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla frutescens seeds and the application method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reagent raw materials in the fourth step are as follows by weight: 2.05-2.10g of gibberellin, 20-22ml of 75% alcohol and 980ml of sterile water, wherein before the gibberellin is added into the alcohol, if the gibberellin is agglomerated or has larger particles, the gibberellin needs to be ground to facilitate the dissolution of the gibberellin, in addition, the seeds need to be put into a gauze bag or a non-woven bag for soaking, the seeds cannot be directly poured into a reagent for soaking, otherwise, the seed soaking is not uniform, and the germination rate is reduced.
4. The reagent for breaking dormancy of perilla seeds as claimed in claims 1-3 and the application method thereof in breaking dormancy of perilla seeds.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115500219A (en) * | 2022-10-22 | 2022-12-23 | 泉州惠民农业综合开发有限公司 | Cultivation method of new high-yield purple perilla variety |
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