CN112941639B - Clearance self-adaptive direct-feeding type decorticating machine - Google Patents
Clearance self-adaptive direct-feeding type decorticating machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112941639B CN112941639B CN202110039907.9A CN202110039907A CN112941639B CN 112941639 B CN112941639 B CN 112941639B CN 202110039907 A CN202110039907 A CN 202110039907A CN 112941639 B CN112941639 B CN 112941639B
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- ramie
- transmission gear
- conveying unit
- clamping
- peeling
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
- D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
- D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
- D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
- D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
- D01B1/30—Details of machines
- D01B1/34—Devices holding fibres or fibre-bearing materials during treatment
- D01B1/36—Conveying devices, e.g. moving bands or ropes
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-feeding decorticating machine with self-adaptive clearance, which comprises: the ramie peeling machine comprises a frame, wherein a feeding mechanism for vertically clamping and conveying ramie is arranged on the frame, a ramie peeling mechanism capable of automatically adjusting and peeling the ramie according to sizes of ramie stalks of different batches and different diameters is arranged on the frame, and the ramie peeling mechanism is arranged at an output end of the feeding mechanism. The invention is based on the principle of the direct-feeding type decorticating device, and the direct-feeding type decorticating device is more miniaturized and light and simplified; the beating plate engagement depth of the two ramie peeling rollers can be adjusted, so that the ramie stalk peeling requirements of different batches and different diameters can be met; the material homogenizing mechanism and the clamping and conveying unit are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, so that material homogenizing and clamping and conveying are carried out simultaneously without mutual interference, the efficiency is greatly improved, the upper and lower layout is compact, and the space is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ramie fiber processing, in particular to a gap self-adaptive direct-feeding type ramie decorticating machine.
Background
Because the clothes made of ramie are sweat-absorbent and air-permeable, the clothes are popular with consumers, but because the ramie is difficult to peel and the harvesting efficiency is low, more and more planters abandon the economic crop of the ramie, the ramie planting is rare at present, and the sesame peeling machine is very defective. At present, most of the existing double-peeling ramie decorticators are adopted, an operator needs to pull back and extract one end of the ramie after peeling the other end of the ramie, and then the other end of the ramie extends into the decorticator for peeling. However, the peeling operation is complex, the pulling force is large during peeling, accidents are easy to occur, the labor intensity of operators is high, the peeling working efficiency is low, the number of peeled ramie is small, large-batch feeding is inconvenient, and the conventional ramie peeling machine cannot completely peel off ramie bones, so that pretreatment such as manual tip cutting and rolling is required before feeding, the consistency after pretreatment is poor, and the quality of ramie peeling is unstable.
Chinese patent 202010196809.1 discloses "a full-automatic reverse-pulling conveying type ramie bidirectional decorticating", which realizes automation of decorticating process, and basically solves the above problems, but still has the following disadvantages:
1. the ramie peeling mechanism transversely conveys ramie, transversely homogenizes the ramie, and the ramie peeling machine is not compact in structure and large in occupied space.
2. The ramie decorticator adopts the way of refining and rolling, and the rolled ramie stalks are soft and have colloid adhesion, which is not beneficial to refining.
3. The ramie decorticator adopts the rolling tooth roller to transversely roll the ramie in the conveying process, and because the rolling tooth roller has small contact area with the ramie, the ramie conveying speed is high, the rolling is incomplete, and the subsequent ramie decorticating effect is influenced.
4. The distance between the grinding tooth roller and the conveyer belt can not be adjusted, the gap can not be adjusted according to the quantity of the fed hemp stalks, and the blockage phenomenon of the hemp stalks with more quantity and larger size in the clamping and feeding device can be easily caused.
5. The hemp peeling device can not be adjusted according to hemp stalks of different batches and different diameters, and the adaptability is not strong.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a direct-feeding decorticating machine with self-adaptive clearance, thereby solving the problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a gap adaptive, direct-feed decorticator, comprising: the ramie peeling machine comprises a frame, wherein a feeding mechanism for vertically clamping and conveying ramie is arranged on the frame, a ramie peeling mechanism capable of automatically adjusting and peeling the ramie according to sizes of ramie stalks of different batches and different diameters is arranged on the frame, and the ramie peeling mechanism is arranged at an output end of the feeding mechanism.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the feeding mechanism comprises an upper clamping conveying unit and a lower clamping conveying unit, the upper clamping conveying unit and the lower clamping conveying unit are used for clamping ramie and move towards the ramie peeling mechanism, the lower clamping conveying unit is arranged on the rack, the upper clamping conveying unit is located on the upper side of the lower clamping conveying unit, a lifting driving piece used for adjusting a gap between the upper clamping conveying unit and the lower clamping conveying unit is arranged between the upper clamping conveying unit and the rack, the fixed end of the lifting driving piece is connected with the rack, and the output end of the lifting driving piece is connected with the upper clamping conveying unit.
Go up centre gripping conveying unit and include link joint, cochain wheelset, support frame and first drive gear, the support frame with the output of lift driving piece is connected, cochain wheelset rotates to be connected on the support frame, go up the link joint with cochain wheelset transmission is connected, first drive gear with cochain wheelset connection, first drive gear with lower centre gripping conveying unit transmission is connected.
Lower centre gripping conveying unit includes link joint, lower sprocket group, first driving piece and second drive gear, lower sprocket group rotates to be connected in the frame, lower link joint with lower sprocket group transmission is connected, first driving piece is installed in the frame, first driving piece output with lower sprocket group connects, second drive gear with first drive gear meshing is connected, the length of link joint is greater than down the length of link joint, lower link joint is including being close to the centre gripping of shelling numb mechanism one end rolls the section and keeps away from shell the transport section of numb mechanism one end, it installs to go up the link joint down the link joint presss from both sides to hold and rolls directly over the section.
One end of the upper chain plate close to the ramie peeling mechanism and the clamping and rolling section of the lower chain plate are in parallel and opposite clamping states, the conveying speed of the upper chain plate is the same as that of the lower chain plate, and one end of the upper chain plate far away from the ramie peeling mechanism inclines upwards to form an opening shape with the lower chain plate.
And the outer surfaces of the upper chain plate and the lower chain plate are provided with rolling teeth in a circular tooth shape, and the upper rolling teeth and the lower rolling teeth are meshed with each other.
The upper clamping conveying unit further comprises a first pressing piece used for providing pressing force for the upper chain plate, the lower clamping conveying unit further comprises a second pressing piece used for providing pressing force for the lower chain plate, the first pressing piece is installed on the supporting frame, and the second pressing piece is installed on the rack.
The feeding mechanism is characterized by further comprising a refining mechanism arranged right above the lower chain plate conveying section, the refining mechanism comprises a refining box with an opening in the lower portion, two groups of refining shifting gear sets meshed with each other, a second driving piece, a third transmission gear and a fourth transmission gear, the second driving piece is installed on the rack, the output end of the second driving piece is connected with one group of refining shifting gear sets, the refining box is fixedly installed on the rack and is two groups of refining shifting gear sets which are rotatably connected in the refining box, the inner wall of the lower end of the refining box coincides with the outer arc line of the refining shifting gear sets, the refining shifting gear sets are respectively connected with the third transmission gear and the fourth transmission gear, and the third transmission gear is meshed with the fourth transmission gear.
The ramie peeling mechanism comprises three ramie peeling rollers, a connecting plate, a third driving piece, a fifth driving piece, a sixth driving piece and a seventh driving piece, wherein the ramie peeling rollers are used for peeling ramie and are adjustable in size according to ramie stalks of different batches and different diameters, the three ramie peeling rollers are distributed in an isosceles triangle shape, the two ramie peeling rollers on two waists of the isosceles triangle are connected through the connecting plate, the central distance between the two ramie peeling rollers on the two waists is smaller than the sum of the radiuses of the two ramie peeling rollers, the third driving piece is installed on the rack, the output end of the third driving piece is connected with one of the ramie peeling rollers, the three ramie peeling rollers are respectively connected with the fifth driving piece, the sixth driving piece and the seventh driving piece, and the fifth driving piece, the sixth driving piece and the seventh driving piece are in meshing transmission connection.
The ramie decorticating roller comprises a roller shaft, an adjusting nut, a spring, a beating plate, rotating arms, side discs and sliding rings, wherein the roller shaft is rotatably connected to the rack, the roller shaft is a stepped shaft with a large middle part and small two ends, the side discs are sleeved at the two ends of the roller shaft, the springs are sleeved on the roller shafts at the two sides of the side discs, the adjusting nut is screwed and connected to the end parts of the roller shaft, the sliding rings are sleeved on the surfaces of the side discs, the rotating arms are uniformly distributed on the sliding rings, the rotating arms are rotatably connected with the sliding rings and the side discs, and the other ends of the rotating arms are hinged to the beating plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the material homogenizing mechanism and the clamping and conveying unit are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, so that material homogenizing and clamping and conveying are carried out simultaneously without mutual interference, the efficiency is greatly improved, the upper and lower layout is compact, and the space is saved.
2. The invention separates the refining and the rolling, and the hemp stalk is in a complete state in the whole refining process, thereby being beneficial to refining.
3. The invention is based on the principle of the direct-feeding type decorticating device, and the direct-feeding type decorticating device is more miniaturized and light and simplified.
4. The rolled ramie adopts direct-feeding ramie peeling rollers, and the fed ramie is peeled twice through two pairs of ramie peeling rollers, so that the ramie peeling effect is greatly improved.
5. The direct-feeding type ramie peeling device can effectively improve the ramie peeling efficiency as long as the length of the ramie scraping roller is increased.
6. The distance between the upper clamping conveying unit and the lower clamping conveying unit can be adjusted, so that the phenomenon that a large number of hemp stalks or hemp stalks with large size are blocked is avoided when hemp stalks of different batches and different diameters are clamped, conveyed and rolled.
7. The input ends of the upper chain plate and the lower chain plate form a triangular opening, so that ramie can enter the ramie quickly.
8. The invention adopts the chain plate for clamping and feeding, simultaneously completes a plurality of functions of clamping, rolling, conveying and the like, and has wide rolling area and good rolling effect.
9. The engagement depth of the beating plates of the two ramie decorticating rollers can be adjusted, so that the hemp decorticating rollers can be adjusted according to hemp stalks with different sizes and different feeding amounts, the adaptability is strong, and the working efficiency can be greatly improved.
10. The invention has compact structure, realizes the transmission of a plurality of forces and greatly saves the cost.
11. The invention is provided with the ramie scraping mechanism, so that the ramie scraping is realized on the roots of the ramie stalks, and the ramie peeling is more thorough.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a feed mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a decorticating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a decorticating drum of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a frame; 2. a feeding mechanism; 21. an upper clamping and conveying unit; 211. a chain plate is arranged; 212. a chain winding wheel set; 213. a support frame; 214. a first drive gear; 215. a first pressing member; 22. a lower clamping and conveying unit; 221. a lower chain plate; 222. a lower sprocket set; 223. a first driving member; 224. a second transmission gear; 225. a second pressing member; 23. a lifting drive member; 24. a material homogenizing mechanism; 241. a material homogenizing box; 242. a material homogenizing gear shifting group; 243. a second driving member; 244. a third transmission gear; 245. a fourth transmission gear; 3. a decorticating mechanism; 31. a decorticating roller; 311. a drum shaft; 312. adjusting the nut; 313. a spring; 314. beating a plate; 315. a rotating arm; 316. a side disc; 317. a slip ring; 32. a connecting plate; 33. a third driving member; 34. a fifth transmission gear; 35. a sixth transmission gear; 36. and a seventh transmission gear.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention, rather than the entire embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive work fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the gap-adaptive direct-feeding decorticator of the present embodiment includes: the ramie harvester comprises a frame 1, wherein a feeding mechanism 2 for vertically clamping and conveying ramie is arranged on the frame 1, a ramie peeling mechanism 3 which can automatically adjust and peel the ramie according to sizes of ramie stalks of different batches and different diameters is arranged on the frame 1, and the ramie peeling mechanism 3 is arranged at an output end of the feeding mechanism 2. The frame 1 is used for supporting the feeding mechanism 2 and the ramie peeling mechanism 3, the invention adopts a direct-feeding type to convey ramie for peeling, the feeding mechanism 2 vertically clamps and conveys the ramie, compared with a transverse feeding mode, the clamping mode has larger clamping area, stronger clamping force and more stability than the transverse clamping mode, the striking frequency of the subsequent ramie peeling can be ensured only by stable clamping, the ramie peeling quality is greatly improved, the mechanical mode replaces the manual feeding, the time and labor are saved, the efficiency is greatly improved, the pulling force is larger when the ramie peeling mechanism 3 works, the accident is easy to occur, the feeding mechanism 2 can realize the uniform ramie peeling, clamping and conveying and rolling of the ramie to be peeled, the ramie enters the rolling area for rolling, the rolling pretreatment can improve the subsequent ramie peeling quality, the ramie output from the feeding mechanism 2 directly enters the ramie peeling mechanism 3, and the ramie peeling mechanism 3 peels the ramie, the other end of the ramie is reversely stretched by the feeding mechanism 2, thereby realizing the ramie peeling of the ramie stalks. The invention is based on the principle of the direct-feeding type decorticating device, and the direct-feeding type decorticating device is more miniaturized, light and simplified, compact in layout and space-saving. The direct-feeding type ramie peeling device can effectively improve the ramie peeling efficiency as long as the length of the ramie scraping roller is increased. The invention relates to an adjustable ramie decorticating machine, which particularly comprises an adjusting feeding mechanism 2 and an adjusting decorticating mechanism 3, wherein the adjusting feeding mechanism and the decorticating mechanism are adjusted according to the ramie stalks of different batches and different diameters and the quantity of the fed ramie stalks.
In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 2 includes an upper holding and conveying unit 21 and a lower holding and conveying unit 22 for holding ramie and operating toward the ramie peeling mechanism 3, the lower holding and conveying unit 22 is installed on the frame 1, the upper holding and conveying unit 21 is located on the upper side of the lower holding and conveying unit 22, a lifting driving member 23 for adjusting the gap between the upper holding and conveying unit 21 and the lower holding and conveying unit 22 is installed between the upper holding and conveying unit 21 and the frame 1, the fixed end of the lifting driving member 23 is connected to the frame 1, and the output end of the lifting driving member 23 is connected to the upper holding and conveying unit 21. Go up centre gripping conveying unit 21 and centre gripping conveying unit 22 meshing section down with the ramie centre gripping, realize carrying and rolling the ramie on one side in the centre gripping, the vertical centre gripping feeding of ramie after will rolling is shelled hemp mechanism 3, lifting drive piece 23 is the cylinder, through automatic control lifting drive piece 23 (cylinder), lifting drive piece 23 (cylinder) start-up upwards props up whole last centre gripping conveying unit 21, adjust the distance between centre gripping conveying unit 21 and the lower centre gripping conveying unit 22, realize different batches, the equal ability of the numb stalk of different diameters size carries out the centre gripping and carries and rolls, prevent that the numb stalk from taking place blocking phenomenon at centre gripping feeding device. The gap adjustment range between the upper clamp conveying unit 21 and the lower clamp conveying unit 22 is within 10 mm.
In this embodiment, the upper clamping and conveying unit 21 includes an upper chain plate 211, an upper chain wheel set 212, a support frame 213 and a first transmission gear 214, the support frame 213 is connected to the output end of the lifting driving member 23, the upper chain wheel set 212 is rotatably connected to the support frame 213, the upper chain plate 211 is in transmission connection with the upper chain wheel set 212, the first transmission gear 214 is connected to the upper chain wheel set 212, and the first transmission gear 214 is in transmission connection with the lower clamping and conveying unit 22. The supporting frame 213 supports the upper chain plate 211 and the upper chain wheel set 212, and the first transmission gear 214 is in transmission connection with the lower clamping and conveying unit 22, so that the force transmission between the upper clamping and conveying unit 21 and the lower clamping and conveying unit 22 is realized, and the upper clamping and conveying unit 21 and the lower clamping and conveying unit 22 can synchronously move with each other only by one driving member. The first transmission gear 214 is of a modified design.
In this embodiment, the lower clamping conveying unit 22 includes a lower chain plate 221, a lower chain wheel set 222, a first driving member 223 and a second driving gear 224, the lower chain wheel set 222 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, the lower chain plate 221 is in transmission connection with the lower chain wheel set 222, the first driving member 223 is installed on the frame 1, an output end of the first driving member 223 is connected to the lower chain wheel set 222, the second driving gear 224 is in meshing connection with the first driving gear 214, a length of the lower chain plate 221 is greater than a length of the upper chain plate 211, the lower chain plate 221 includes a clamping rolling section near one end of the decorticating mechanism 3 and a conveying section far away from one end of the decorticating mechanism 3, and the upper chain plate 211 is installed right above the clamping rolling section of the lower chain plate 221. The first driving part 223 drives the lower chain wheel set 222 to rotate, the lower chain wheel set 222 drives the lower chain plate 221 to move, the power of the lower clamping conveying unit 22 is transmitted to the upper clamping conveying unit 21 through the first transmission gear 214 and the second transmission gear 224, the upper clamping conveying unit 21 and the lower clamping conveying unit 22 move synchronously, the lower chain plate 221 is composed of a conveying section and a clamping rolling section, and the length of the conveying section of the lower chain plate 221 is about one hemp stalk, so that the ramie placing is convenient. The second transmission gear 224 adopts a modified design, the gear module, the gear height coefficient and the modified coefficient can change the gear height, the gear meshing depth is increased, and the phenomenon that the transmission gear is separated in the process of lifting the upper clamping conveying unit 21 is avoided.
In this embodiment, one end of the upper chain plate 211 close to the decorticating mechanism 3 and the clamping and rolling section of the lower chain plate 221 are in a parallel and opposite clamping state, the conveying speed of the upper chain plate 211 is the same as that of the lower chain plate 221, and one end of the upper chain plate 211 far from the decorticating mechanism 3 is inclined upwards to form an opening shape with the lower chain plate 221. The input end of the upper chain plate 211 inclines upwards to form a triangular feeding opening with the lower chain plate 221, so that hemp stalks can enter quickly.
In this embodiment, the upper chain plate 211 and the lower chain plate 221 have rolling teeth with a circular tooth shape on the outer surface, and the upper and lower rolling teeth are engaged with each other. The circular tooth-shaped rolling teeth have small damage to ramie fibers during pressing and large gripping force during pressing, and when ramie bones are crushed, the circular tooth-shaped rolling teeth pretreat the ramie, so that the subsequent ramie peeling quality is improved.
In this embodiment, the upper grip conveying unit 21 further includes a first pressing member 215 for providing a pressing force to the upper link plate 211, and the lower grip conveying unit 22 further includes a second pressing member 225 for providing a pressing force to the lower link plate 221, the first pressing member 215 being mounted on the support frame 213, and the second pressing member 225 being mounted on the rack 1. The first pressing piece 215 and the second pressing piece 225 are respectively used for providing pressing force when the upper chain plate 211 and the lower chain plate 221 clamp and roll the hemp stalk, so that the hemp stalk can be clamped, rolled and broken by the chain plates. One end of the first pressing piece 215 is fixedly connected to the supporting frame 213, the other end of the first pressing piece 215 is attached to the inner wall of the upper chain plate 211, downward pressure is applied to the upper chain plate 211, the upper chain plate 211 is tightly attached to the lower chain plate 221, one end of the second pressing piece 225 is connected to the frame 1, the other end of the second pressing piece 225 is attached to the inner wall of the clamping and rolling section of the lower chain plate 221, upward supporting force is applied to the lower chain plate 221, the lower chain plate 221 is tightly attached to the upper chain plate 211, hemp stalks are better rolled, the first pressing piece 215 and the second pressing piece 225 are preferably roller type pressing pieces, huge noise caused by friction in the clamping and conveying process is prevented, and pressing pieces of all structures are within the protection scope of the invention.
In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 2 further includes a material homogenizing mechanism 24 disposed directly above the conveying section of the lower chain plate 221, the material homogenizing mechanism 24 includes a material homogenizing box 241 with an opening at the lower part, two sets of material homogenizing and stirring gear sets 242 engaged with each other, a second driving member 243, a third transmission gear 244 and a fourth transmission gear 245, the second driving member 243 is mounted on the frame 1, an output end of the second driving member 243 is connected with one set of material homogenizing and stirring gear set 242, the material homogenizing box 241 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1, the two sets of material homogenizing and stirring gear sets 242 are rotatably connected in the material homogenizing box 241, an inner wall of a lower end of the material homogenizing box 241 coincides with an outer arc line of the rotation of the material homogenizing and stirring gear set 242, the two sets of material homogenizing and stirring gear sets 242 are respectively connected with the third transmission gear 244 and the fourth transmission gear 245, and the third transmission gear 244 and the fourth transmission gear 245 are engaged with each other. Each group of refining shifting gear sets 242 comprises three refining shifting gears which are coaxially connected, the refining shifting gears are concentric with the arc-shaped box wall at the lower part of the refining box 241 and form a sealed area, the refining shifting gears rotate a certain angle each time, hemp stalks are fully distributed in the sealed area formed by the refining shifting gears and the arc-shaped box wall at the lower part of the refining box 241, the hemp stalks continuously rotate along with the refining shifting gears and fall from the discharge hole of the refining box 241, the two groups of refining shifting gear sets 242 which rotate relatively are adopted, the hemp stalks are favorably tidied in the refining box 241, the hemp stalks are thrown out from two sides of the discharge hole of the refining box 241, and the hemp stalks are favorably and uniformly spread in the middle position of the conveying section of the lower chain plate 221.
In the embodiment, the ramie peeling mechanism 3 comprises three ramie peeling rollers 31, a connecting plate 32, a third driving piece 33, a fifth transmission gear 34, a sixth transmission gear 35 and a seventh transmission gear 36 which are used for peeling ramie and can adjust the sizes of the ramie stalks according to different batches and different diameters, the three ramie peeling rollers 31 are distributed in an isosceles triangle shape, the two ramie peeling rollers 31 on two waists of the isosceles triangle are connected through the connecting plate 32, the central distance between the two ramie peeling rollers 31 on the two waists is smaller than the sum of the radiuses of the two ramie peeling rollers, the third driving piece 33 is arranged on the rack 1, the output end of the third driving piece 33 is connected with one of the decorticating drums 31, the three decorticating drums 31 are respectively connected with a fifth transmission gear 34, a sixth transmission gear 35 and a seventh transmission gear 36, and the fifth transmission gear 34, the sixth transmission gear 35 and the seventh transmission gear 36 are in meshing transmission connection. The third driving part 33 drives one of the ramie peeling drums 31 to rotate, the other two ramie peeling drums 31 synchronously rotate relatively through a fifth transmission gear 34, a sixth transmission gear 35 and a seventh transmission gear 36, the tip of the ramie stalk at the output end of the feeding mechanism 2 enters between the two ramie peeling drums 31 on the first waist, the upper ramie peeling drum 31 and the lower ramie peeling drum 31 beat the ramie stalks to realize the first ramie peeling, the ramie stalks peeled off are fed into between the two ramie peeling drums 31 on the second waist again to perform the second ramie peeling, the ramie peeling effect is greatly improved, the meshing depth of the upper ramie peeling drum 31 and the lower ramie peeling drum 31 on the two waists can be adjusted according to the ramie stalks with different batches and different diameters, the general meshing depth is 3-6mm, when the diameter of the ramie stalks is smaller, the size of the ramie peeling drum 31 is adjusted to be larger, when the diameter of the ramie stalks is larger, the size of the decorticating roller 31 is increased, so that the engagement depth of the two decorticating rollers 31 is reduced. The connecting plate 32 connects the two ramie decorticating rollers 31 on the two waists, so that the installation distance between the upper roller and the lower roller is ensured to be fixed, the installation of the ramie decorticating mechanism 3 is facilitated, and the adjustment precision of the engagement depth of the subsequent rollers is ensured.
In this embodiment, the decorticating drum 31 includes a drum shaft 311, an adjusting nut 312, a spring 313, a striking plate 314, a rotating arm 315, a side disc 316 and a sliding ring 317, the drum shaft 311 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, the drum shaft 311 is a stepped shaft with a large middle and two small ends, the side disc 316 is sleeved at two ends of the drum shaft 311, the springs 313 are sleeved on the drum shafts 311 at two sides of the side disc 316, the adjusting nut 312 is screwed to the end of the drum shaft 311, the sliding ring 317 is sleeved on the surface of the side disc 316, a plurality of rotating arms 315 are uniformly distributed on the sliding ring 317, the rotating arms 315 are rotatably connected to the sliding ring 317 and the side disc 316, and the other ends of the rotating arms 315 are hinged to the striking plate 314. The number of the springs 313 is 4, the outer diameter of the middle section of the drum shaft 311 is larger than the inner diameter of the spring 313, wherein the spring 313 on the inner side of the side disc 316 is compressed by the middle section of the drum shaft 311 and the side disc 316, the spring 313 on the outer side of the side disc 316 is compressed by the side disc 316 and the adjusting nut 312, before hemp peeling, the adjusting nut 312 is rotated, the position of the adjusting nut 312 is changed, the distance between the beating plate 314 and the drum shaft 311 can be preliminarily adjusted according to the number and the size of hemp stalks, when the feeding amount of the hemp stalks is small and the diameter is small, the two adjusting nuts 312 are adjusted to be close inwards, the side disc 316 is pushed to move the compressing spring 313 inwards, the rotating arm 315 rotates around the connecting point with the sliding ring 317, the diameter of the hemp peeling drum 31 is increased, the distance between the beating plate 314 and the drum shaft 311 is increased, the meshing depth between the beating plates 314 in the upper hemp peeling drum 31 and the lower hemp stalks is increased, when the feeding amount is large and the diameter is large, the adjusting nut 312 moves outwards, the compressed spring 313 on the inner side recovers, the side disc 316 is pushed to move towards two ends, the engagement depth between the beating plates 314 in the upper hemp peeling roller 31 and the lower hemp peeling roller 31 is reduced, the engagement depth between the beating plates 314 is 3-6mm under the normal condition, hemp peeling is performed after the adjusting nut 312 is fixed, in the hemp peeling process, the springs 313 on the two sides of the side disc 316 can automatically adjust the distance between the beating plates 314 and the roller shaft 311 according to the feeding quantity and the specific size of hemp stalks, when the size of a feeding hemp stalk is changed, the diameter of the hemp peeling roller 31 is automatically finely adjusted by changing the compression quantity of the outer spring 313, the hemp peeling engagement depth is changed, and a better hemp peeling effect on different hemp stalk feeding quantities is achieved.
In this embodiment, the specific working principle is as follows: the harvested ramie is subjected to leaf removal treatment and then laid in a material preparation area, when a standby device works, the hemp stalks subjected to leaf removal treatment are placed in a material homogenizing box 241, the hemp stalks are straightened by a material homogenizing and stirring gear set 242 and are driven to rotate together, then the hemp stalks fall from a discharge hole of the material homogenizing box 241 and are laid in a conveying section of a lower chain plate 221 in a feeding mechanism 2 in order, along with the continuous operation of the lower chain plate 221, the tips of the hemp stalks are firstly placed in a clamping and rolling section, and the clamping, rolling and breaking of the hemp stalks are completed by an upper chain plate 211 and the lower chain plate 221; under the pushing action of the upper chain plate 211 and the lower chain plate 221, the crushed hemp stalks are fed into the hemp peeling mechanism 3, the hemp stalks pass through the first group of hemp peeling rollers 31, the beating plate 314 beats and peels hemp, the hemp stalks passing through the first hemp peeling procedure enter the other group of hemp peeling rollers 31 again, and the beating plate 314 beats and peels hemp again, so that the hemp stalk peeling processing is completed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A direct-feeding decorticator with self-adaptive clearance, comprising: the ramie peeling machine comprises a rack (1), wherein a feeding mechanism (2) used for vertically clamping and conveying ramie is arranged on the rack (1), a ramie peeling mechanism (3) capable of automatically adjusting and peeling ramie according to sizes of ramie stalks of different batches and different diameters is arranged on the rack (1), the ramie peeling mechanism (3) is arranged at the output end of the feeding mechanism (2), the feeding mechanism (2) comprises an upper clamping and conveying unit (21) and a lower clamping and conveying unit (22) which are used for clamping ramie and move towards the ramie peeling mechanism (3), the lower clamping and conveying unit (22) is arranged on the rack (1), the upper clamping and conveying unit (21) is positioned on the upper side of the lower clamping and conveying unit (22), and a lifting driving piece (23) used for adjusting a gap between the upper clamping and conveying unit (21) and the lower clamping and conveying unit (22) is arranged between the upper clamping and conveying unit (21) and the rack (1), the fixed end of lift driving piece (23) is connected with frame (1), the output of lift driving piece (23) is connected with last centre gripping conveying unit (21), it includes link joint (211), cochain wheelset (212), support frame (213) and first transmission gear (214) to go up centre gripping conveying unit (21), support frame (213) with the output of lift driving piece (23) is connected, cochain wheelset (212) rotates to be connected on support frame (213), go up link joint (211) with cochain wheelset (212) transmission is connected, first transmission gear (214) with cochain wheelset (212) is connected, first transmission gear (214) with centre gripping conveying unit (22) transmission is connected down, centre gripping conveying unit (22) includes lower link joint (221), lower sprocket group (222), first driving piece (223) and second transmission gear (224) down, lower sprocket group (222) rotate to be connected in frame (1), link joint (221) with lower sprocket group (222) transmission is connected, first driving piece (223) are installed in frame (1), first driving piece (223) output with lower sprocket group (222) are connected, second drive gear (224) with first drive gear (214) meshing is connected, the length of lower link joint (221) is greater than the length of last link joint (211), lower link joint (221) are including being close to the centre gripping of decorticating mechanism (3) one end rolls the section and keep away from the transport section of decorticating mechanism (3) one end, it installs to go up link joint (211) the link joint (221) centre gripping rolls the section directly over of lower link joint (221).
2. The gap adaptive direct feed decorticator of claim 1, wherein: one end, close to the ramie peeling mechanism (3), of the upper chain plate (211) and the clamping and rolling section of the lower chain plate (221) are in parallel and opposite clamping states, the conveying speed of the upper chain plate (211) is the same as that of the lower chain plate (221), and one end, far away from the ramie peeling mechanism (3), of the upper chain plate (211) inclines upwards to form an opening shape with the lower chain plate (221).
3. The gap adaptive direct feed decorticator of claim 2, wherein: the outer surfaces of the upper chain plate (211) and the lower chain plate (221) are provided with rolling teeth in a circular tooth shape, and the upper rolling teeth and the lower rolling teeth are meshed with each other.
4. The gap adaptive direct feed decorticator of any of claims 1-3, wherein: the upper grip conveying unit (21) further includes a first pressing member (215) for providing a pressing force to the upper link plate (211), the lower grip conveying unit (22) further includes a second pressing member (225) for providing a pressing force to the lower link plate (221), the first pressing member (215) is installed on the support frame (213), and the second pressing member (225) is installed on the frame (1).
5. The gap adaptive direct feed decorticator of claim 1, wherein: the feeding mechanism (2) further comprises a refining mechanism (24) arranged right above the conveying section of the lower chain plate (221), the refining mechanism (24) comprises a refining box (241) with an opening at the lower part, two refining shifting gear sets (242) which are meshed with each other, a second driving piece (243), a third transmission gear (244) and a fourth transmission gear (245), the second driving piece (243) is installed on the rack (1), the output end of the second driving piece (243) is connected with one refining shifting gear set (242), the refining box (241) is fixedly installed on the rack (1), the two refining shifting gear sets (242) are rotatably connected in the refining box (241), the inner wall of the lower end of the refining box (241) is overlapped with the outer arc line of the rotation of the refining shifting gear set (242), and the two refining shifting gear sets (242) are respectively connected with the third transmission gear (244) and the fourth transmission gear (245), the third transmission gear (244) is meshed with the fourth transmission gear (245).
6. The gap adaptive, direct-feed decorticator of any of claims 1-3 or 5, wherein: the ramie peeling mechanism (3) comprises three ramie peeling rollers (31), a connecting plate (32), a third driving piece (33), a fifth transmission gear (34), a sixth transmission gear (35) and a seventh transmission gear (36), wherein the ramie peeling rollers (31) are used for peeling ramie and can adjust sizes of ramie stalks according to different batches and different diameters, the three ramie peeling rollers (31) are distributed in an isosceles triangle shape, the two ramie peeling rollers (31) on two waists of the isosceles triangle are connected through the connecting plate (32), the central distance between the two ramie peeling rollers (31) on the two waists is smaller than the sum of the radius of the ramie peeling rollers, the third driving piece (33) is installed on the rack (1), the output end of the third driving piece (33) is connected with one of the ramie peeling rollers (31), and the three ramie peeling rollers (31) are respectively connected with the fifth transmission gear (34), The sixth transmission gear (35) is connected with the seventh transmission gear (36), and the fifth transmission gear (34), the sixth transmission gear (35) and the seventh transmission gear (36) are in meshing transmission connection.
7. The gap adaptive direct feed decorticator of claim 6, wherein: the decorticating roller (31) comprises a roller shaft (311), an adjusting nut (312), a spring (313), a beating plate (314), a rotating arm (315), a side disc (316) and a sliding ring (317), the roller shaft (311) is rotationally connected to the frame (1), the roller shaft (311) is a stepped shaft with a large middle and two small ends, the side discs (316) are sleeved at two ends of the roller shaft (311), springs (313) are sleeved on the roller shafts (311) at two sides of the side discs (316), the adjusting nut (312) is screwed at the end part of the roller shaft (311), the sliding ring (317) is sleeved on the surface of the side disc (316), a plurality of rotating arms (315) are uniformly distributed on the sliding ring (317), the rotating arm (315) is rotatably connected with the sliding ring (317) and the side disc (316), and the other end of the rotating arm (315) is hinged with the beating plate (314).
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| CN202110039907.9A CN112941639B (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Clearance self-adaptive direct-feeding type decorticating machine |
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