CN108754621B - Full-automatic ramie peeling production line - Google Patents

Full-automatic ramie peeling production line Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108754621B
CN108754621B CN201810550541.XA CN201810550541A CN108754621B CN 108754621 B CN108754621 B CN 108754621B CN 201810550541 A CN201810550541 A CN 201810550541A CN 108754621 B CN108754621 B CN 108754621B
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hemp
ramie
roller
scutching
reversing
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CN108754621A (en
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吕江南
马兰
刘佳杰
周韦
龙超海
文庆华
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Institute of Bast Fiber Crops of CAAS
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Institute of Bast Fiber Crops of CAAS
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01BMECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/22Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating with crushing or breaking rollers or plates
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01BMECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/30Details of machines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a full-automatic ramie decorticating production line, which comprises a feeding device, a scutching device, a ramie conveying device, a reversing device and a scurf cleaning device which are sequentially arranged along a material conveying direction. Ramie stalks enter the feeding device from the feeding hopper, bast and hemp shells are separated and crushed under the rolling action of a pair of crushing stalk rolls, hemp bones and hemp shells are separated from fibers under the beating action of the hemp beating device, the hemp stalks which are subjected to preliminary separation after hemp beating are conveyed to the reversing device by the hemp conveying device, the hemp stalks are reversed from head to tail by the reversing device, and finally, the hemp scraps and hemp shells remained on the surfaces of the fibers are cleaned by the hemp scrap cleaning device, so that the problem of 'rat tail' is solved. The ramie decorticating production line realizes the automatic and one-time continuous operation of feeding, decorticating and cleaning ramie raw materials, does not need manpower to pull reversely, greatly lightens the labor intensity of mechanical decorticating, reduces the auxiliary time of decorticating, and improves the decorticating efficiency.

Description

Full-automatic ramie decorticating production line
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural instruments, in particular to a full-automatic ramie peeling production line.
Background
The ramie is commonly called as Chinese grass, is a special economic crop in China, and is widely applied to the fields of spinning, safety ropes and the like because the ramie fiber has the advantages of bacteriostasis, ventilation, coolness, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and the like.
Ramie bast fiber crops are subjected to processes of ramie peeling, degumming and the like to remove ramie bones in ramie stalks, outer layer ramie shells of bast parts and partial colloids in bast so as to extract fiber raw materials for spinning.
At present, the mainstream ramie peeling devices in the market have three types, one of the devices adopts a simple ramie scraper to peel the ramie, namely, the ramie scraper is used for scraping the outer layer of the phloem and partial colloid after manually peeling the ramie, and the ramie peeling device has the advantages of over-simple structure, high labor intensity of operators and low processing efficiency; the second device is a reverse-pulling type ramie decorticator, namely, after fresh ramie stems are harvested, a ramie power decorticator is used for removing ramie bones, ramie shells, ramie leaves and partial colloid in the stems, because the ramie stems need to be held by hands in the ramie decorticating process, the tips of the ramie stems are fed into a decorticating roller for fibre decorticating, the peeled tips are held by hands in a reversing way, and then the bases of the ramie stems are fed into the decorticating roller for being peeled cleanly, so that an operator adopting the device has high labor intensity and low operation efficiency and cannot meet the market requirements; the third device is a transverse feeding type large ramie decorticating machine, ramie stalks are transversely fed, and the stems at the tip and the stem are continuously decorticated, so that the ramie decorticating machine is not thorough in decorticating without manual reverse pulling, and the machine equipment is large in size, large in energy consumption and high in use cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a full-automatic ramie peeling production line, which can realize automatic treatment of feeding, ramie peeling and ramie scrap cleaning, has high working efficiency, low labor intensity and thorough ramie peeling, and effectively solves the problem of rat tail.
The invention provides a full-automatic ramie decorticating production line, which comprises a feeding device provided with a feeding hopper and a scutching device used for beating rolled materials, wherein the feeding device comprises a pair of stem crushing rollers which are longitudinally arranged in parallel and provided with rolling teeth on the peripheral surfaces;
the machine also comprises a hemp conveying device for conveying the rolled materials, a reversing device for reversing the head and the tail of the materials and a hemp scrap cleaning device for cleaning hemp scrap and hemp shells;
the scutching machine also comprises a driving device for driving the feeding device, the scutching device, the reversing device and the scurf cleaning device to work;
the feeding device, the scutching device, the ramie conveying device, the reversing device and the scurf cleaning device are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of materials.
Preferably, the pair of stalk crushing rollers comprises an upper stalk crushing roller and a lower stalk crushing roller which are arranged in the vertical direction, the lower stalk crushing roller is arranged at the lower part of the upper stalk crushing roller relative to the upper stalk crushing roller, and an upper stalk crushing shaft and a lower stalk crushing shaft are fixedly arranged at the axle center positions of the upper stalk crushing roller and the lower stalk crushing roller respectively;
the feeding device further comprises a broken stem roller support, the broken stem roller support is provided with a sliding block and a bearing seat which are respectively coaxial with the upper broken stem shaft and the lower broken stem shaft, the top of the broken stem roller support is provided with an adjusting bolt, and the broken stem roller support further comprises a pressing block and a pressing spring arranged between the pressing block and the sliding block.
Preferably, the scutching device comprises a scutching roller, a plurality of scutching plates which are arranged on the peripheral surface of the scutching roller and arranged along the circumferential direction of the scutching roller, and arc-shaped scutching concave plates which are coaxially arranged with the scutching roller, have the same curvature as the scutching roller and are spaced from the peripheral surface of the scutching roller.
Preferably, the reversing device comprises a reversing drum and a plurality of reversing plates mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the reversing drum.
Preferably, the scurf cleaning device comprises a fiber clamping driving wheel, a fiber clamping driven wheel and a fiber clamping chain sleeved on the outer peripheral surfaces of the fiber clamping driving wheel and the fiber clamping driven wheel;
the cleaning roller is arranged in parallel to the moving direction of the fiber clamping chain and is used for cleaning the hemp chips adhered to the surfaces of the hemp fibers clamped in the fiber clamping chain;
the cleaning roller is of a conical structure, and a plurality of cleaning toothed plates which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cleaning roller.
Preferably, the shredder further comprises gears which are fixedly arranged at the shaft end parts of the upper stem crushing shaft and the lower stem crushing shaft respectively and can synchronously rotate with the upper stem crushing shaft and the lower stem crushing shaft when the upper stem crushing shaft and the lower stem crushing shaft rotate, and the two gears are meshed with each other.
Preferably, the distance between the scutching roller and the arc-shaped scutching concave plate ranges from 5mm to 40mm.
Preferably, the included angle formed by the reversing plate and the tangential direction of the reversing roller is between 45 degrees and 60 degrees.
Preferably, the scurf cleaning device further comprises a compression spring for compressing the fiber clamping chain.
Preferably, the hemp collecting device is arranged between the reversing device and the hemp scrap cleaning device;
the ramie receiving device comprises a ramie receiving rack, a ramie receiving rope arranged on the top of the ramie receiving rack and guard plates arranged on the left side and the right side of the ramie receiving rack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a full-automatic ramie decorticating production line, under the driving force of a driving device, each device continuously operates, fresh ramie stems and other materials enter a feeding device through a feeding hopper, enter a meshing gap of two broken stem rollers under the rolling force of a pair of broken stem rollers which are longitudinally arranged in parallel, because the peripheral surfaces of the two broken stem rollers are provided with rolling teeth, the ramie stems are bent and broken through the rolling of the rolling teeth, bast of the ramie stems is crushed and separated from the ramie bones, the ramie husks on the surface of the bast part are detached from the bast part and adhered to the surface of the fiber, the ramie fibers and the ramie bones and the ramie husks adhered to the ramie stems rotate along with the meshing of the broken stem rollers and continue to move forwards to the ramie decorticating device, and the ramie husks adhered to the surface of the fiber are separated from the fiber under the beating action of the ramie beating device, therefore, through the rolling of the broken stem roller in the feeding device and the beating and scraping actions of the scutching device, the hemp stalks are basically peeled clean, hemp scraps are adhered to the surfaces of the tail ends of the hemp stalks, the beaten hemp fibers are conveyed to the reversing device through the hemp conveying device, the reversing device reverses the directions of the head and the tail of the hemp stalks in the rotating motion, so that the tail ends of the hemp stalks which are not scraped clean are conveyed in front, the head ends of the scraped clean hemp stalks are conveyed behind, the head and the tail of the hemp stalks are reversed, the tail ends of the reversed hemp stalks are the ends of the hemp stalks adhered with the hemp scraps, namely the tails are conveyed to the interior of the hemp scrap cleaning device, the hemp scraps and husks attached to the surfaces of the fibers are cleaned through the cleaning of the hemp scrap cleaning device, clean fibers are obtained, and the hemp peeling process is completed. The ramie decorticating production line realizes the automation and the continuous decorticating of the feeding and decorticating of ramie raw materials and the cleaning of ramie chips and ramie husks, does not need the reverse pulling of manpower, greatly lightens the labor intensity of mechanical decorticating, reduces the auxiliary time of the decorticating, and improves the decorticating efficiency; in addition, through this scurf cleaning device, "the tail of a mouse" problem among the prior art has been solved, has realized the thorough system of shelling of bast fiber crops.
Therefore, the full-automatic ramie decorticating production line has high working efficiency, low labor intensity and moderate size, meets the requirements of high-efficiency harvesting of ramie crops, light simplification and high efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fully automatic ramie decorticating line according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the feed apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the scutching device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the reversing device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the lint cleaning device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the ramie receiving device in FIG. 1;
fig. 9 is a left side view of fig. 8.
The device comprises a feeding device 1, an upper stem smashing roller 11, a lower stem smashing roller 12, a stem smashing roller support 13, a sliding block 14, a bearing seat 15, an adjusting bolt 16, a pressing block 17, a compression spring 18, a ramie smashing device 2, a ramie smashing roller 21, a ramie smashing plate 22, an arc ramie smashing concave plate 23, a ramie conveying device 3, a reversing device 4, a reversing roller 41, a reversing plate 42, a ramie receiving device 5, a ramie receiving frame 51, a ramie receiving rope 52, a ramie receiving driving wheel 53, a ramie receiving driven wheel 54, a protective plate 55, a ramie scrap cleaning device 6, a fiber clamping driving wheel 61, a fiber clamping driven wheel 62, a fiber clamping chain 63, a compression spring 64, a cleaning roller 65 and a cleaning toothed plate 66.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a full-automatic ramie decorticating production line, which realizes the full automation of the feeding, decorticating, scurf and shell cleaning of ramie raw materials, effectively solves the problem of tail of the ramie decorticating machine in a direct feeding way, and has high production efficiency and low labor intensity.
It should be noted that the terms "upper, lower, transverse and longitudinal" as used herein refer to the upper, lower, transverse and longitudinal directions in fig. 1. All directional terms used herein are set forth based on their customary usage by those skilled in the art and the accompanying drawings of the specification, and their presence should not be construed as affecting the scope of the present invention.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-automatic ramie decorticating line according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic top view of fig. 1.
The invention provides a full-automatic ramie decorticating production line, which comprises a driving device, a feeding device 1, a scutching device 2, a ramie feeding device 3, a reversing device 4 and a scurf cleaning device 6 which are arranged along the material transmission direction, wherein each device independently rotates under the driving force of the driving device, the feeding device 1 comprises a shell and a pair of broken stem rollers arranged in the shell, a rack is arranged on the peripheral surface of each broken stem roller, a feeding hopper is arranged on the top of the shell and is welded with the shell or detachably connected through an adjusting bolt, the pair of broken stem rollers are longitudinally arranged in parallel along the vertical direction and are arranged behind the feeding hopper, a ramie stalk entering the shell through the feeding hopper enters an engagement gap between the pair of broken stem rollers under the pressure action of the pair of mutually engaged broken stem rollers, the ramie stalk is crushed and bent by the rack on the periphery of the broken stem rollers, and the ramie stalk is crushed and is crushed due to the existence of a waxy layer between the bast layer of the bast and the ramie bones, so that the bast layer is separated from the surface of the milled ramie stalks and separated from the scurf, the scurf is conveyed to the scurf device, and then the scurf is conveyed to the scurf device, and the scurf conveying device, and the scurf is rotated on the scurf device 2, and the scurf attached to the scurf device, and the scurf. The hemp stalks enter the gap between the two broken stalk rolls along the length direction, so that one end fed firstly is completely peeled by the mutually meshed broken stalk rolls and the hemp beating device 2, and the other end fed later is about 30cm-50cm in length, and directly enters the hemp beating device 2 because of no clamping force after being separated from the broken stalk rolls, so that the hemp beating device 2 cannot flap and scrape small sections of the stalks fed at the tail ends, and further crushed hemp bones and hemp shells are adhered to the surfaces of the fibers, so that a 'rat tail' phenomenon is formed, hemp fibers which are not completely peeled are formed, under the centrifugal force action of the reversing device 4, the tail ends of the hemp stalks with 'rat tails' are firstly thrown to the front transmission end of the hemp scrap cleaning device 6, and the first ends of the hemp scrap cleaning devices are thrown to the rear transmission end of the hemp scrap cleaning device 6, so that the head-to-tail reversing is completed. The hemp stalks after the direction change enter the hemp scrap cleaning device 6 for cleaning, the hemp scraps and hemp shells on the hemp stalks falling into the hemp scrap cleaning device 6 are cleaned, and clean ramie fibers are obtained.
Therefore, the ramie decorticating production line realizes decortication of ramie stalks through the feeding device 1 and the scutching device 2, realizes reversing transmission of the ramie stalks through the ramie conveying device 3 and the reversing device 4, and finally realizes thorough cleaning of ramie scraps and ramie husks through the ramie scrap cleaning device 6. In addition, the scutching device 2, the reversing device 4 and the scurf cleaning device 6 are organically combined, so that the problem that the existing decorticating equipment cannot decorticate completely is solved. The driving device may be a servo motor.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding device in fig. 1.
Specifically, the pair of stem crushing rollers are an upper stem crushing roller 11 and a lower stem crushing roller 12 which are arranged in the vertical direction, the two rollers are longitudinally arranged in the vertical direction, the two rollers are arranged in parallel along the axes of the two rollers, a small gap is reserved between the two rollers, and an upper stem crushing shaft 11 and a lower stem crushing shaft 12 are fixedly arranged at the axes of the upper stem crushing roller 11 and the lower stem crushing roller 12 respectively. Feeding device 1 still includes garrulous stem roller support 13, install slider 14 and bearing frame 15 on garrulous stem roller support 13, from garrulous stem roller support 13 top through the adjusting bolt 16 of installation, lock briquetting 17 in adjusting bolt 16 and locate briquetting 17 and slider 14 between pressure spring 18, wherein, bearing frame 15 welds on garrulous stem roller support 13, bearing frame 15 and slider 14 internally mounted have the bearing, it all installs respectively in slider 14 and bearing frame 15 with lower garrulous stem roller 12 through the bearing to go up garrulous stem roller 11, and then install on garrulous stem roller support 13, so, under drive arrangement's drive, can realize the synchronous revolution of garrulous stem roller 11 and lower garrulous stem roller 12. When the distance between the upper stem crushing roller 11 and the lower stem crushing roller 12 needs to be adjusted, the screwing length of the adjusting bolt 16 is adjusted, the adjusting bolt 16 drives the pressing block 17 to compress or release the pressing spring 18 arranged at the lower part of the pressing block 17 while screwing in or screwing out, and the height of the sliding block 14 on the stem crushing roller support 13 is further changed by changing the length of the pressing spring 18, so that the pressure between the upper stem crushing roller 11 and the lower stem crushing roller 12 is adjusted.
In order to make the upper stem crushing roller 11 and the lower stem crushing roller 12 move more stably, a gear is respectively arranged at the extending ends of the upper stem crushing shaft and the lower stem crushing shaft, the two gears are meshed with each other at the outer end of the stem crushing roller bracket 13, and the extending ends of the upper stem crushing shaft 11 and the lower stem crushing shaft 12 are respectively welded on the pair of gears.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the scutching device in fig. 1.
Above-mentioned scutching device 2 is including scutching cylinder 21 and arc scutching notch board 23, the central height of scutching cylinder 21 is kept level with garrulous stem roller discharge gate central line, perhaps be less than central line 5-30mm, install a plurality of boards of beating 22 along the circumference of scutching cylinder 21, beat board 22 can be the angle steel, band steel or engineering plastic board, a plurality of boards of beating 22 equipartition in the outer peripheral face of scutching cylinder 21, realize and beat dismantling between the scutching cylinder 21 through connecting pieces such as bolts and be connected, also can welded connection between the two. In addition, the arc-shaped scutching concave plate 23 and the scutching roller 21 are coaxially arranged and fixed on the main body frame through a connecting rod and a bolt, the length is preferably one fourth of the arc length of the scutching roller 21, a gap is reserved between the excircle of the scutching roller 21 and the arc-shaped scutching concave plate 23, preferably 5mm-40mm, and the size of the gap can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs.
Thus, under the action of the rotating scutching roller 21, the hemp stalks entering the gap between the scutching roller 21 and the arc-shaped scutching concave plate 23 are beaten, extruded and scraped for multiple times in the scutching gap between the scutching plate 22 and the scutching concave plate 23 on the periphery of the scutching roller 21, and most of the crushed hemp bones are beaten down by the beating plate 22 on the periphery of the scutching roller 21 and are thrown out of the machine.
The ramie feeding device 3 is arranged below the ramie beating device 2 and is arranged on the main body frame through the bearing seat 15, the ramie feeding device 3 is a group of belt conveyors and comprises driving wheels, driven wheels and flat belts wound on the surfaces of the driving wheels and the driven wheels, and under the action of the driving device, the driving wheels and the driven wheels continuously rotate to drive the flat belts to move so as to complete the transmission of ramie stalks.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the reversing device in fig. 1.
The reversing device 4 comprises a reversing roller 41, the reversing roller 41 is arranged at a hemp outlet of the hemp conveying device 3, the height of the installation center of the reversing roller 41 is lower than the height of the hemp outlet of the hemp conveying device 3, the specific value of the specific value is set according to actual requirements, reversing plates 42 are arranged on the peripheral surface of the reversing roller 41 and can be uniformly distributed along the peripheral direction of the peripheral surface, the reversing plates 42 can be steel plates, wood plates or plastic plates, the reversing plates 42 are obliquely arranged, the oblique angle is an included angle formed by the reversing plates 42 and a plane formed by the intersection line of the reversing plates 42 and the reversing roller 41 and the tangential direction of the reversing roller 41, preferably 45-60 degrees, the reversing plates 42 play a blocking role, the reversing plates 42 are obliquely arranged, hemp stalks can be prevented from being scattered and thrown out, the concentrated throwing out of the hemp stalks is realized, of course, the installation angle of the reversing plates 42 is set according to actual requirements, and is not limited in the text.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the lint cleaning device in fig. 1, and fig. 7 is a left side view of fig. 6.
The lint cleaning device 6 includes a fiber clamping driving wheel 61, a fiber clamping driven wheel 62 and a fiber clamping chain 63 or a fiber clamping rope, the fiber clamping driving wheel 61 and the fiber clamping driven wheel 62 are arranged in parallel, the fiber clamping chain 63 is installed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the two wheels, under the action of a driving device, the fiber clamping driving wheel 61 and the fiber clamping driven wheel 62 rotate in a circumferential direction, and further the fiber clamping chain 63 is driven to move continuously, a cleaning roller 65 is further arranged below the fiber clamping driving wheel 61 and the fiber clamping driven wheel 62, the cleaning roller 65 is of a conical structure, the axis of the cleaning roller is parallel to the moving direction of the fiber clamping chain 63, when the fiber clamping chain 63 moves forwards, the cleaning roller 65 performs circumferential movement in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the fiber clamping chain 63, a plurality of cleaning toothed plates 66 are further installed on the outer peripheral surface of the cleaning roller 65, preferably, the plurality of cleaning toothed plates 66 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cleaning roller 65, and can also perform non-uniform cleaning movement, and the tail end of the lint is conveyed to the surface of the cleaning roller 65 along the fiber clamping chain 63, and the lint shell, thereby cleaning roller 66 and the lint shell.
In order to ensure that the ramie fibers cannot fall off due to the scraping of the cleaning roller 65 in the clamping and conveying process of the fiber clamping chain 63, a compression spring 64 is arranged above the lower transmission part of the fiber clamping chain 65, one end of the compression spring 64 is arranged on a protective cover plate positioned on the upper part of the cleaning roller 65, the other end of the compression spring 64 is arranged above the lower transmission part of the fiber clamping chain 65 and is distributed along the movement direction of the fiber clamping chain 63, and the clamping force of the compression spring 64 can be adjusted to change the clamping force of the ramie fibers clamped by the compression spring, so that the clamping degree of the ramie fibers is changed.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the hemp receiving device in fig. 1, and fig. 9 is a left side view of fig. 8.
The ramie receiving device 5 can be arranged between the reversing device 4 and the ramie scrap cleaning device 6, the ramie receiving device 5 is arranged at the discharge port of the reversing roller 41, the ramie receiving device 5 comprises a ramie receiving frame 51, a ramie receiving driving wheel 53, a ramie receiving driven wheel 54, a ramie receiving rope 52 or a ramie receiving chain which is arranged at the top of the ramie receiving frame 51, and guard plates 55 which are arranged at the left side and the right side of the ramie receiving frame 51, wherein the ramie receiving frame 51 is arranged on the ground, the installation direction of the ramie receiving device 5 is vertical to the installation direction of the reversing device 3, the distance between the ramie receiving device 5 and the discharge port of the reversing roller 41 is kept to be about 40mm-80mm, the distance can be adjusted according to the discharge position of the reversing device 4, in addition, the guard plates 53 are arranged at the left side and the right side of the ramie receiving frame 51, the ramie receiving rope 52 or the ramie receiving chain is arranged above the ramie receiving frame 51 through the ramie receiving wheel, and the upper end of the guard plate 55 runs under the ramie receiving rope 52 or the ramie receiving chain. The tail end of the hemp stalk with the tail is thrown to the outer side of the protective plate 55 by the reversing device 4, namely the outer side of the cleaning roller 65, the head end of the hemp stalk is thrown to the inner side of the protective plate 55, the reversing of the hemp stalk is realized, the whole hemp stalk fiber after reversing is conveyed forwards to the hemp chip cleaning device 6 along the outer side of the protective plate 55 by the hemp connecting rope 52, the hemp chip cleaning device moves forwards under the pressing force action of the fiber clamping chain 63 and the pressing spring 64, and the cleaning roller 65 cleans the hemp chips and hemp shells on the surface of the tail end fiber in the rotating motion, so that clean fiber is obtained.
The "left and right" directions refer to the left and right directions in fig. 8.
In summary, the full-automatic ramie decorticating production line provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. manual pulling is not needed, one-time, continuous and automatic treatment of feeding, hemp stripping, reversing and hemp scrap cleaning of hemp stalks is realized, the labor intensity is low, and the automation degree is high;
2. the problem of tail of the horse in the prior art is effectively solved by combining the scutching device 2, the reversing device 4 and the scurf cleaning device 5;
3. each device has compact structure, moderate size and small occupied space, and meets the requirements of hemp fiber processing of small and medium-sized enterprises;
4. the actual production shows that the impurity content of the hemp material fiber processed by the production line is lower than 1 percent, the gum content is lower than 28 percent, and the hemp material fiber meets the relevant standard of the textile industry for the hemp stalk fiber content.
The fully automatic ramie decorticating production line provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A full-automatic ramie decorticating production line comprises a feeding device (1) provided with a feeding hopper and a scutching device (2) used for beating rolled materials, and is characterized in that the feeding device (1) comprises a pair of stem crushing rollers which are longitudinally arranged in parallel and provided with rolling teeth on the peripheral surface;
the device also comprises a hemp conveying device (3) for conveying rolled materials, a reversing device (4) for reversing the head and the tail of the materials and a hemp scrap cleaning device (6) for cleaning hemp scraps and hemp shells;
the device also comprises a driving device for driving the feeding device (1), the scutching device (2), the ramie conveying device (3), the reversing device (4) and the scurf cleaning device (6) to work;
the feeding device (1), the scutching device (2), the ramie conveying device (3), the reversing device (4) and the scurf cleaning device (6) are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the materials;
the scurf cleaning device (6) comprises a fiber clamping driving wheel (61), a fiber clamping driven wheel (62) and a fiber clamping chain (63) sleeved on the outer peripheral surfaces of the fiber clamping driving wheel (61) and the fiber clamping driven wheel (62);
the cleaning device also comprises a cleaning roller (65) which is arranged in parallel with the movement direction of the fiber clamping chain (63), is positioned below the fiber clamping driving wheel (61) and the fiber clamping driven wheel (62) and is used for cleaning the hemp chips adhered to the surfaces of the clamped hemp fibers in the fiber clamping chain (63);
the cleaning roller (65) is of a conical structure, a plurality of cleaning toothed plates (66) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the cleaning roller (65), and the cleaning roller (65) performs circular motion in the direction perpendicular to the motion direction of the fiber clamping chain (63);
the scurf cleaning device (6) further comprises a second pressing spring (64) used for pressing the fiber clamping chain (63);
the hemp collecting device (5) is arranged between the reversing device (4) and the hemp scrap cleaning device (6);
the hemp receiving device (5) comprises a hemp receiving rack (51), hemp receiving ropes (52) arranged at the top of the hemp receiving rack (51) and protection plates (55) arranged at the left side and the right side of the hemp receiving rack (51), and the whole hemp stalk fiber after reversing is conveyed forwards to the hemp scrap cleaning device (6) along the outer side of the protection plates (55) by the hemp receiving ropes (52).
2. The full-automatic ramie decorticating line according to claim 1, wherein the pair of stem crushing rollers comprises an upper stem crushing roller (11) arranged in a vertical direction and a lower stem crushing roller (12) arranged at a lower part of the upper stem crushing roller (11) relative to the upper stem crushing roller (11), and an upper stem crushing shaft and a lower stem crushing shaft are respectively fixedly arranged at axial positions of the upper stem crushing roller (11) and the lower stem crushing roller (12);
feeding device (1) still includes garrulous stem roller support (13), garrulous stem roller support (13) install respectively with go up garrulous stem axle with slider (14) and bearing frame (15) of the coaxial setting of garrulous stem axle down, adjusting bolt (16) are installed at the top of garrulous stem roller support (13), still include briquetting (17) and locate briquetting (17) with first pressure spring (18) between slider (14).
3. The full-automatic ramie decorticating production line according to claim 1, wherein the scutching device (2) comprises a scutching roller (21), a plurality of scutching plates (22) mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the scutching roller (21) and arranged along the circumferential direction of the scutching roller (21), and an arc-shaped scutching concave plate (23) which is coaxially arranged with the scutching roller (21), has the same curvature as the scutching roller (21), and has a distance from the outer circumferential surface of the scutching roller (21).
4. The fully automatic ramie decortication line according to claim 1, characterized in that the reversing device (4) comprises a reversing drum (41) and a plurality of reversing plates (42) mounted on the peripheral surface of the reversing drum (41).
5. The full-automatic ramie decorticating line of claim 2, further comprising gears respectively fixed to the shaft ends of the upper stem chopper shaft and the lower stem chopper shaft, the gears being capable of rotating synchronously with the upper stem chopper shaft and the lower stem chopper shaft when the upper stem chopper shaft and the lower stem chopper shaft are rotated, the gears being engaged with each other.
6. The full-automatic ramie decorticating line according to claim 3, wherein the distance between the scutching roller (21) and the arc-shaped scutching concave plate (23) is in the range of 5mm-40mm.
7. The full-automatic ramie decorticating line according to claim 4, wherein the included angle formed by the reversing plate (42) and the tangential direction of the reversing drum (41) is between 45 ° and 60 °.
CN201810550541.XA 2018-05-31 2018-05-31 Full-automatic ramie peeling production line Active CN108754621B (en)

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CN109355712B (en) * 2018-12-03 2023-12-15 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Ramie peeling device and feeding mechanism thereof
CN110395598B (en) * 2019-08-22 2024-01-09 株洲和天源科技发展有限公司 Thinning and feeding device of cotton and hemp stalk automatic feeding machine and application method thereof
CN110656378B (en) * 2019-10-30 2024-06-18 咸宁职业技术学院 Feeding stalk breaking mechanism of bone-setting type hemp fiber stripping equipment
CN110820052B (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-08-28 国家林业和草原局哈尔滨林业机械研究所 Automatic split reverse-pulling type ramie decorticator
CN112575391B (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-12-28 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 Feeding clamping device for peeling machine and control method thereof
CN115787105B (en) * 2022-12-26 2023-06-06 咸宁职业技术学院 Feeding mechanism for whole-bone type ramie decorticator

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