CN112940368A - 一种泡孔内腔构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法 - Google Patents

一种泡孔内腔构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法 Download PDF

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CN112940368A
CN112940368A CN202110260580.8A CN202110260580A CN112940368A CN 112940368 A CN112940368 A CN 112940368A CN 202110260580 A CN202110260580 A CN 202110260580A CN 112940368 A CN112940368 A CN 112940368A
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马建中
姬占有
邵亮
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法，针对现有墙体保温层存在遇火熔化收缩、滴落燃烧的缺陷，且闭孔型阻燃橡胶基复合发泡材料具有其加入量与实际补强和阻燃效果不成比例的问题。本发明的技术方案为：采用以丁苯橡胶和乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物为发泡基体，引入少量的双酚A环氧树脂调控镁铝水滑石和聚磷酸铵粒子分布在泡孔内腔壁上形成隔热层，增强其发泡材料的阻燃性和力学性能，橡胶发泡材料的点着时间和最大热释放速率峰值出现时间均有所延长，产烟速率降低，抗张强度也有所增加。

Description

一种泡孔内腔构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及阻燃型橡胶发泡材料的制备，具体涉及一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法。
背景技术
随着我国城市化速度加快，高层建筑群体化程度增大，致使城市火灾发生频率高、生命财产损失严重。这是因为由聚氨酯泡沫、聚苯乙烯泡沫等热塑性材料构建的墙体保温层存在遇火熔化收缩、滴落燃烧的缺陷，会加快火势的迅速蔓延，并释放出大量浓烟和刺鼻的有毒气体，使救援的难度大幅度提升。阻燃型聚合物发泡材料的研究主要集中在无机填料及阻燃剂在开孔型热塑性发泡材料泡孔壁上的分布进行设计和调控，而关于闭孔型阻燃橡胶基复合发泡材料的制备是通过黑箱式的机械共混大量阻燃剂，由于分散性和界面问题，使其加入量与实际补强和阻燃效果不成比例，甚至负相关。因此，研究一种无卤素、低烟、低毒以及高效阻燃闭孔结构的橡胶基复合发泡材料具有重要的实际应用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法。
本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将100重量份的丁苯橡胶/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物与10.0-30.0重量份的白炭黑、5.0-15.0重量份的氧化锌、3.0-6.0重量份固体石蜡和1.0-5.0重量份的硬脂酸在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（2）再将1.0-10.0重量份的镁铝水滑石和1.0-5.0重量份的聚磷酸铵以及0.1-5.0重量份的双酚A环氧树脂在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（3）接着将0.1-5.0重量份的发泡剂4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼、0.5-1.5重量份的过氧化二异丙苯和0.5-1.5重量份硫磺加入到密炼机中，混炼得混合物；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的混合物在开放式双辊混炼机上多次通薄并打三角包，获得共混胶；
（5）预先将硫化机模具加热至160-180℃，接着在模具中放入准备好的共混胶，加压，硫化得到一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法。
步骤（2）中，镁铝水滑石的目数为500-800目；聚磷酸铵的目数为200-500目；双酚A环氧树脂的环氧值为0.48~0.54mol/100g，粘度40℃（mPa▪S）≤2500。
本发明具有以下优点：
本发明涉及一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法。本发明采用简单的、传统的硫化-发泡模压技术在闭孔结构的橡胶发泡材料泡孔内腔壁构筑了隔热层，以增强其发泡材料的阻燃性和力学性能。具体以丁苯橡胶和乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物为发泡基体，引入少量的双酚A环氧树脂调控镁铝水滑石和聚磷酸铵分布在泡孔内腔壁上形成隔热层。测试结果显示，随着镁铝水滑石与聚磷酸铵比例的变化，泡孔内腔壁上的镁铝水滑石与聚磷酸铵的含量不同，橡胶发泡材料的点着时间和最大热释放速率峰值出现时间分别延长了20-30 s和50-150 s，产烟速率降低28.3-39.2%，抗张强度从3.0 MPa增加到6.0MPa。
附图说明：
图1实施例制得的不同镁铝水滑石与聚磷酸铵比例在泡孔内腔壁上的分布扫描电镜图。
图2实施例制得的不同镁铝水滑石与聚磷酸铵比例的丁苯橡胶/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物复合发泡材料阻燃性能测试。
具体实施方式：
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细的说明。
本发明涉及一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将100重量份的丁苯橡胶/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物与10.0-30.0重量份的白炭黑、5.0-15.0重量份的氧化锌、3.0-6.0重量份固体石蜡和1.0-5.0重量份的硬脂酸在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（2）再将1.0-10.0重量份的镁铝水滑石和1.0-5.0重量份的聚磷酸铵以及0.1-5.0重量份的双酚A环氧树脂在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（3）接着将0.1-5.0重量份的发泡剂4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼、0.5-1.5重量份的过氧化二异丙苯和0.5-1.5重量份硫磺加入到密炼机中，混炼得混合物；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的混合物在开放式双辊混炼机上多次通薄并打三角包，获得共混胶；
（5）预先将硫化机模具加热至160-180℃，接着在模具中放入准备好的共混胶，加压，硫化得到一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法。
步骤（2）中，镁铝水滑石的目数为500-800目；聚磷酸铵的目数为200-500目；双酚A环氧树脂的环氧值为0.48~0.54mol/100g，粘度40℃（mPa▪S）≤2500；
实施例1
（1）将30.0重量份的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、70.0重量份的丁苯橡胶、25.0重量份的白炭黑、3.0重量份的石蜡、9.0重量份的氧化锌和5.0重量份的硬脂酸在密炼机里充分混炼均匀，密炼温度为120℃，密炼时间为10 min、转速为25 rpm；
（2）再将5.0重量份的镁铝水滑石和0.5重量份的双酚A环氧树脂在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（3）接着将2.0重量份的发泡剂4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼、0.8重量份的过氧化二异丙苯和0.5重量份硫磺加入到密炼机中，混炼得混合物；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的混合物在开放式双辊混炼机上多次通薄并打三角包，获得共混胶备用；
（5）预先将硫化机模具加热至175℃，接着在模具中放入准备好的共混胶，加压，硫化得到一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂的橡胶发泡材料。
由实施例一所制备的泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂的橡胶发泡材料的密度为0.608g/cm3，抗张强度为3.52 MPa,断裂伸长率为591%，点着时间从54s延长到80 s，最大热释放速率峰值出现时间从225 s延长到275 s，产烟速率降低37.5%。
实施例2
（1）将30.0重量份的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、70.0重量份的丁苯橡胶、15.0重量份的白炭黑、9.0重量份的石蜡、5.0重量份的氧化锌和5.0重量份的硬脂酸在密炼机里充分混炼均匀，密炼温度为120℃，密炼时间为10 min、转速为30 rpm；
（2）再将3.0重量份的镁铝水滑石、2.0重量份的聚磷酸铵和1.0重量份的双酚A环氧树脂在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（3）接着将2.0重量份的发泡剂4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼、0.8重量份的过氧化二异丙苯和0.5重量份硫磺加入到密炼机中，混炼得混合物；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的混合物在开放式双辊混炼机上多次通薄并打三角包，获得共混胶备用；
（5）预先将硫化机模具加热至170℃，接着在模具中放入准备好的共混胶，加压，硫化得到一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂的橡胶发泡材料。
由实施例二所制备的泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂的橡胶发泡材料的密度为0.77g/cm3，抗张强度为5.6 MPa,断裂伸长率为511%，点着时间延长到75 s，初始热释放峰值从500KW/m2降低到430 KW/m2，最大热释放速率峰值出现时间从延长到358 s，产烟速率降低30.4%。
实施例3
（1）将30.0重量份的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、70.0重量份的丁苯橡胶、20.0重量份的白炭黑、8.0重量份的石蜡、5.0重量份的氧化锌和5.0重量份的硬脂酸在密炼机里充分混炼均匀，密炼温度为100℃，密炼时间为10 min、转速为30 rpm；
（2）再将4.0重量份的镁铝水滑石、1.0重量份的聚磷酸铵和1.0重量份的双酚A环氧树脂在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（3）接着将2.0重量份的发泡剂4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼、0.8重量份的过氧化二异丙苯和0.5重量份硫磺加入到密炼机中，混炼得混合物；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的混合物在开放式双辊混炼机上多次通薄并打三角包，获得共混胶备用；
（5）预先将硫化机模具加热至175℃，接着在模具中放入准备好的共混胶，加压，硫化得到一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂的橡胶发泡材料。
由实施例三所制备的泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂的橡胶发泡材料的密度为0.69 g/cm3，抗张强度为5.47 MPa,断裂伸长率为507%，点着时间延长到73 s，初始热释放峰值降低到440 KW/m2，最大热释放速率峰值出现时间延长到290 s，产烟速率降低35.8%。
本发明的内容不限于实施例所列举，本领域普通技术人员通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换，均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (2)

1.一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法，其特征在于：
包括以下步骤：
（1）将100重量份的丁苯橡胶/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物与10.0-30.0重量份的白炭黑、5.0-15.0重量份的氧化锌、3.0-6.0重量份固体石蜡和1.0-5.0重量份的硬脂酸在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（2）再将1.0-10.0重量份的镁铝水滑石和1.0-5.0重量份的聚磷酸铵以及0.1-5.0重量份的双酚A环氧树脂在密炼机里充分混炼均匀；
（3）接着将0.1-5.0重量份的发泡剂4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼、0.5-1.5重量份的过氧化二异丙苯和0.5-1.5重量份硫磺加入到密炼机中，混炼得混合物；
（4）将步骤（3）所得的混合物在开放式双辊混炼机上多次通薄并打三角包，获得共混胶；
（5）预先将硫化机模具加热至160-180℃，接着在模具中放入准备好的共混胶，加压，硫化得到一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种泡孔内腔壁构筑阻燃剂增强橡胶发泡材料性能的方法，其特征在于：
步骤（2）中，镁铝水滑石的目数为500-800目；聚磷酸铵的目数为200-500目；双酚A环氧树脂的环氧值为0.48~0.54mol/100g，粘度40℃（mPa▪S）≤2500。
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