CN112937006B - 一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材及其制备方法,所述复合板材由多层涂覆膜胶粘制得,两层涂覆膜之间设置有胶粘层,所述涂覆膜包括基材和涂覆层,所述涂覆膜的层数为700~1200层。本发明通过选用高强度聚乙烯微孔膜作为基材,在其表面涂覆氧化铝陶瓷颗粒制成涂覆膜,然后利用胶黏剂将多层涂覆膜黏结制成复合板材。基材具有较高的强度,氧化铝所制陶瓷粉体具有优异的耐磨性和较高的硬度,制备工艺中基材产生的微孔,三者结合使得所制复合板材能够承受较高的外力冲击,能够应用于防弹背心防弹插板防弹装甲等安防制品领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合板材技术领域,具体为一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材及其制备方法。
背景技术
我们将孔径在5.0nm~1.0mm之间的多孔膜称为微孔膜,它由熔融挤压得到的聚合物薄膜拉伸形成。微孔膜的种类繁多,用途广泛,聚乙烯微孔膜为其中一种,应用于电池隔膜水处理膜基材服装面料等领域,但在耐冲击板材领域少有应用。因此,我们提出一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材,所述复合板材由多层涂覆膜胶粘制得,两层涂覆膜之间设置有胶粘层,所述涂覆膜包括基材和涂覆层。
进一步的,所述基材由超高分子量聚乙烯、抗氧剂、白油制得,所述涂覆层由陶瓷粉体制得。
进一步的,所述陶瓷粉体的成分为氧化铝。
进一步的,所述基材的厚度为4~20μm,所述涂覆层的厚度为2~4μm。
进一步的,所述涂覆膜的层数为700~1200层。
进一步的,所述氧化铝为改性氧化铝,包括以下重量组分:42~50份氧化铝、85~100份异丙醇铝、1~3份γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷、0.5~1.7份N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺、15~30份马来酸酐改性乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物。
一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备基材:
取超高分子量聚乙烯、抗氧剂共混,加入白油共挤制得厚片,拉伸,萃取白油后,收卷分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜;
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加1~5MPa压力5~10min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
进一步的,所述步骤(1)包括以下步骤:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的70~85%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得180~240℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为8~15倍,制得薄片A;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为7~12倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.1~2倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材。
进一步的,所述步骤(2)包括以下步骤:
b1.制备陶瓷粉末:
取氧化铝,分别加入无水乙醇、正硅酸乙酯充分混合,加入去离子水、氨水,搅拌4~6h,取反应产物、异丙醇铝共混,加入异丙醇和去离子水,充分搅拌,取反应产物干燥,制得产物A;
取产物A,加入去离子水,超声分散,加入氢氟酸的乙醇溶液,加热反应,离心、洗涤,置于300~400℃温度下,通入水蒸气,充分反应,制得产物B;
取γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷,在氮气保护下,与N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺均匀混合,加入偶氮二异丁腈,升温至70~80℃反应,清洗、干燥,制得产物C;
取产物C,加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物搅拌混合,加入三乙胺,置于120~125℃温度下充分反应,制得产物D;
取乙醇和去离子水,制得混合液;取产物B加入混合液,超声处理30~40min,加入产物C、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,加热回流搅拌20~30h,搅拌速度为300~600rpm,待冷却至室温后过滤,清洗、干燥,制得陶瓷粉末;
b2.制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜。
进一步的,所述步骤(1)在纵向拉伸工序中,各相邻两层冷却厚片的拉伸角度不同,任意两层冷却厚片的拉伸角度差为0~28°。
在上述技术方案中,选用高强度聚乙烯微孔膜作为基材,在其表面涂覆氧化铝陶瓷颗粒制成涂覆膜,然后利用胶黏剂将多层涂覆膜黏结制成复合板材。基材具有较高的强度,氧化铝所制陶瓷粉体具有优异的耐磨性和较高的硬度,制备工艺中基材产生的微孔,三者结合使得所制复合板材能够承受较高的外力冲击,能够应用于防弹背心防弹插板防弹装甲等安防制品领域;
在陶瓷粉体的制备工艺中,氧化铝为纳米级ɑ氧化铝,将氧化铝与正硅酸乙酯共混,其中正硅酸乙酯水解,在氧化铝的表面形成二氧化硅,然后与异丙醇铝共混,异丙醇铝水解,在形成的二氧化硅表面生成氧化铝,形成氧化铝-二氧化硅-氧化铝的球型结构;然后置于氟化氢环境中,将中间层的二氧化硅刻蚀去除,利用高温将此过程中产生的氟化铝分解,生成氧化铝空心球,且空心球中含有纳米氧化铝的粉末,能够提高陶瓷粉体的承受冲击的能力,将所受的冲击分散,吸波消振,增加所制复合板材的孔隙,提高其抗冲击强度,且具有较高的机械强度,对所制复合板材力学性能的提升具有促进作用;
γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷与N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺反应,使得硅氧烷与二胺同时存在,其中二胺与马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物反应,硅氧烷与上述形成的产物B中的接枝,能够在提高所制复合板材对外力冲击承受能力的同时,缓解冲击带来的振动,提高相邻两组涂覆膜间的粘结强度,提高所制复合板材整体的耐冲击性能。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明的基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材及其制备方法,通过选用高强度聚乙烯微孔膜作为基材,在其表面涂覆氧化铝陶瓷颗粒制成涂覆膜,然后利用胶黏剂将多层涂覆膜黏结制成复合板材。基材具有较高的强度,氧化铝所制陶瓷粉体具有优异的耐磨性和较高的硬度,制备工艺中基材产生的微孔,三者结合使得所制复合板材能够承受较高的外力冲击,能够应用于防弹背心防弹插板防弹装甲等安防制品领域。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的70%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得240℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为15倍,制得薄片A;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为12倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为2倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜;
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加2MPa压力7min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
实施例2
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的78%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得225℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为13倍,制得薄片A;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为10倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.9倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜;
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加2MPa压力7min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
实施例3
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的85%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得210℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为11倍,制得薄片A;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为9倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.6倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜;
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加2MPa压力7min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
实施例4
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的78%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得195℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为10倍,制得薄片A;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为8倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.4倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜;
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加2MPa压力7min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
实施例5
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的78%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得180℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为8倍,制得薄片A;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为7倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.1倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜;
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加2MPa压力7min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
实施例1-5中各实施参数如下:
实施例6
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的78%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得210℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为11倍,制得薄片A;各相邻两层冷却厚片的拉伸角度不同,任意两层冷却厚片的拉伸角度差为0°;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为9倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.6倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
b1.制备陶瓷粉末:
取氧化铝,分别加入无水乙醇、正硅酸乙酯充分混合,加入去离子水、氨水,搅拌4h,取反应产物、异丙醇铝共混,加入异丙醇和去离子水,充分搅拌,取反应产物干燥,制得产物A;
取产物A,加入去离子水,超声分散,加入氢氟酸的乙醇溶液,加热反应,离心、洗涤,置于300℃温度下,通入水蒸气,充分反应,制得产物B;
取γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷,在氮气保护下,与N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺均匀混合,加入偶氮二异丁腈,升温至70℃反应,清洗、干燥,制得产物C;
取产物C,加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物搅拌混合,加入三乙胺,置于120℃温度下充分反应,制得产物D;
取乙醇和去离子水,制得混合液;取产物B加入混合液,超声处理30min,加入产物C、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,加热回流搅拌20h,搅拌速度为300rpm,待冷却至室温后过滤,清洗、干燥,制得陶瓷粉末;
其中,陶瓷粉体的质量组分如下:42份氧化铝、85份异丙醇铝、1份γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷、0.5份N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺、15份马来酸酐改性乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物;
b2.制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜。
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加1MPa压力5min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
实施例7
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的78%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得210℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为11倍,制得薄片A;各相邻两层冷却厚片的拉伸角度不同,任意两层冷却厚片的拉伸角度差为14°;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为9倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.6倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
b1.制备陶瓷粉末:
取氧化铝,分别加入无水乙醇、正硅酸乙酯充分混合,加入去离子水、氨水,搅拌5h,取反应产物、异丙醇铝共混,加入异丙醇和去离子水,充分搅拌,取反应产物干燥,制得产物A;
取产物A,加入去离子水,超声分散,加入氢氟酸的乙醇溶液,加热反应,离心、洗涤,置于350℃温度下,通入水蒸气,充分反应,制得产物B;
取γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷,在氮气保护下,与N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺均匀混合,加入偶氮二异丁腈,升温至75℃反应,清洗、干燥,制得产物C;
取产物C,加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物搅拌混合,加入三乙胺,置于122℃温度下充分反应,制得产物D;
取乙醇和去离子水,制得混合液;取产物B加入混合液,超声处理35min,加入产物C、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,加热回流搅拌25h,搅拌速度为450rpm,待冷却至室温后过滤,清洗、干燥,制得陶瓷粉末;
其中,陶瓷粉体的质量组分如下:46份氧化铝、92份异丙醇铝、2份γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷、1.1份N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺、22份马来酸酐改性乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物
b2.制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜。
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加2MPa压力7min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
实施例8
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,白油质量为粉料、白油总质量的78%,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得210℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为11倍,制得薄片A;各相邻两层冷却厚片的拉伸角度不同,任意两层冷却厚片的拉伸角度差为28°;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为9倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.6倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(2)制备涂覆膜:
b1.制备陶瓷粉末:
取氧化铝,分别加入无水乙醇、正硅酸乙酯充分混合,加入去离子水、氨水,搅拌6h,取反应产物、异丙醇铝共混,加入异丙醇和去离子水,充分搅拌,取反应产物干燥,制得产物A;
取产物A,加入去离子水,超声分散,加入氢氟酸的乙醇溶液,加热反应,离心、洗涤,置于400℃温度下,通入水蒸气,充分反应,制得产物B;
取γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷,在氮气保护下,与N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺均匀混合,加入偶氮二异丁腈,升温至80℃反应,清洗、干燥,制得产物C;
取产物C,加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物搅拌混合,加入三乙胺,置于125℃温度下充分反应,制得产物D;
取乙醇和去离子水,制得混合液;取产物B加入混合液,超声处理40min,加入产物C、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,加热回流搅拌30h,搅拌速度为600rpm,待冷却至室温后过滤,清洗、干燥,制得陶瓷粉末;
其中,陶瓷粉体的质量组分如下50份氧化铝、100份异丙醇铝、3份γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷、1.7份N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺、30份马来酸酐改性乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物
b2.制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜。
(3)制备复合板材:
取涂覆膜,在其表面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠复合,制得复合板材。
对比例1
取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
取粉料,加入白油,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得210℃的熔体,制得与实施例3同厚度的板材。
对比例2
取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
取粉料,加入白油、氧化铝纳米粉末,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得210℃的熔体,制得与实施例3同厚度的板材。
对比例3
(1)制备基材:
a1.混料:取超高分子量聚乙烯粉料与抗氧剂,利用高混机混合成均匀的粉料;
a2.上料挤出:取粉料,加入白油,置于挤出机螺杆中,在高温下熔融挤出,制得210℃的熔体;
a3.铸片:取a2中得到的熔体进行铸片,制作冷却厚片;
a4.纵向拉伸:取厚片进行纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数为11倍,制得薄片A;
a5.一次横向拉伸:取薄片A进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为9倍,制得薄片B;
a6.萃取:取薄片B,利用萃取剂进行洗涤,去除薄片B中的白油,干燥,清洗,制得干膜;
a7.二次横向拉伸:取干膜再次进行横向拉伸,拉伸倍数为1.6倍,制得微孔膜;
a8.收卷分切:取微孔膜通过收卷机卷取,分切机分切,制得基材;
(3)制备复合板材:
取基材,在其单面涂布胶黏剂,依次层叠,施加5MPa压力10min,施压复合,制得复合板材。
其他实施参数与实施例3相同。
实验
取实施例1-8、对比例1-3中得到的板材、常规耐冲击板材,制得试样,分别对其性能进行检测并记录检测结果:
由于实施例6-8、对比例3中基材的制备工艺与实施例3相同,对比例1-2中无基材的制备,故省略实施例6-8、对比例1-3中基材的性能测试。
根据上表中的数据,可以清楚得到以下结论:
1、实施例1-8中得到的板材与常规耐冲击板材形成对比,检测结果可知,实施例1-8中得到的板材与对比例1-3得到的板材相比,实施例1-8中所制板材的穿刺强度已存在高出常规耐冲击板材的穿刺强度,间接反映本发明所制复合板材具有较好的耐冲击强度,这充分说明本发明实现了高强度聚乙烯微孔膜和陶瓷粉体制备板材的耐冲击性能,能够应用于防弹背心防弹插板防弹装甲等安防制品领域;
2、实施例3中得到的板材与实施例6-8中得到的板材形成对比,其复合板材穿刺强度数据上升,可知对氧化铝的改性处理制备的陶瓷粉体能够提高所制复合板材的耐冲击性能;
3、实施例3中得到的板材与对比例1-3得到的板材,与实施例3相比,对比例1为同厚度超高分子量聚乙烯板材,对比例为同厚度超高分子量聚乙烯、陶瓷粉末共混所制板材,对比例3为多层基材直接复合,无陶瓷粉体的参与,对比例1-3中的复合板材穿刺强度数据均比实施例3得到的复合板材穿刺强度数据低,这充分说明基材的多层设置、陶瓷粉体、胶黏剂的设置等植被工艺对所制复合板材耐冲击性能的提高有着促进作用。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程方法物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程方法物品或者设备所固有的要素。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改等同替换改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种基于高强度聚乙烯微孔膜的多层复合耐冲击板材,其特征在于:所述复合板材由700~1200层涂覆膜胶粘制得,两层涂覆膜之间设置有胶粘层;所述涂覆膜包括基材和涂覆层;所述基材的厚度为4~20μm,所述涂覆层的厚度为2~4μm;所述基材为由超高分子量聚乙烯、抗氧剂、白油制得的孔径在5nm-1mm之间的微孔膜;所述涂覆层包括陶瓷粉体,所述陶瓷粉体包括以下重量份的原料组分:42~50份氧化铝、85~100份异丙醇铝、1~3份γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷、0.5~1.7份N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺、15~30份马来酸酐改性乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物;
所述涂覆膜的制备方法包括以下步骤:
b1.制备陶瓷粉末:
取氧化铝,分别加入无水乙醇、正硅酸乙酯充分混合,加入去离子水、氨水,搅拌4~6h,取反应产物、异丙醇铝共混,加入异丙醇和去离子水,充分搅拌,取反应产物干燥,制得产物A;
取产物A,加入去离子水,超声分散,加入氢氟酸的乙醇溶液,加热反应,离心、洗涤,置于300~400℃温度下,通入水蒸气,充分反应,制得产物B;
取γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷,在氮气保护下,与N,N’-二甲基-2-丁烯-1,4-二胺均匀混合,加入偶氮二异丁腈,升温至70~80℃反应,清洗、干燥,制得产物C;
取产物C,加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物搅拌混合,加入三乙胺,置于120~125℃温度下充分反应,制得产物D;
取乙醇和去离子水,制得混合液;取产物B加入混合液,超声处理30~40min,加入产物D、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,加热回流搅拌20~30h,搅拌速度为300~600rpm,待冷却至室温后过滤,清洗、干燥,制得陶瓷粉末;
b2.制备涂覆膜:
取陶瓷粉体涂覆于基材的单面或双面,形成涂覆层,制得涂覆膜。
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