CN112922084A - Rainwater collecting device for water conservancy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rainwater collecting device for water conservancy. The technical problem to be solved is that: effectively inhibiting or reducing mountain floods, landslides, debris flows and river floods in the rain-collecting mountain area; eliminating flood and drought disasters of the plain cultivated land along the river; restoring the desert gobi and improving the green ecological environment of the arid grassland, and directly storing the needed rainwater resources for the areas. The measures are as follows: the areas are respectively provided with corresponding rainwater collecting devices, and the automatic irrigation and water-saving suction irrigation device and the reservoir with the stored water resources being not deteriorated are also adopted. The effect is as follows: the technical problem is solved; for local forest fire extinguishing, mountainous regions, dry lands, plain cultivated lands, desert Gobi and arid grasslands, rainwater resources required for annual collection and storage are thousands of cubic meters; newly adding 11 million acres of dry land with self-prepared rainwater resources, about 18.7 million acres of high-quality economic forest land, about 20.6 acres of greenhouse planting in desert Gobi and arid grassland, about 16 trillions of photovoltaic power generation, flower industry and hundred million people employment.

Description

Rainwater collecting device for water conservancy

The invention relates to a rainwater collecting device for water conservancy

Background

Land is a carrier of all resources and environmental elements, is a foundation for human beings to live and develop social economy, is a fundamental source of social productivity, and is a precious irreplaceable resource and wealth. Water is a basic natural resource of human beings, a strategic resource of the state, a control element of ecological environment, an indispensable life source for human survival and a material basis for modern industrial and agricultural production.

Although vast amount of fresh water resources exist on the land of the earth, the space-time distribution is extremely uneven, and the fresh water resources which can be truly utilized by human beings are reserved for the human beings, more than 70% of the annual rainfall is completed only in short flood seasons in the world every year through a few heavy rains or torrential rains or extra heavy torrential rains, and the flood of the mountain rivers, the flood of the rivers along the plain lands of the rivers, landslides of the mountains, debris flows and other natural disasters are caused, and after the flood of the mountain rivers and the rivers, only a small part of the flood is reserved in the rivers, the lakes and the reservoirs and permeates into the mountain bodies and other underground parts, and only occupies 0.26% of the total amount of the fresh water of the earth, and most of the flood flows into the sea in the form of the mountain floods and the water and participates in the water circulation of the earth; the land after the flood season, especially the mountain land and dry land without water source in vast rain collecting mountain area, enters into the slow and long drought season, and drought and forest fire are easy to occur because no rain water resource is reserved in the flood season. In the broad desert gobi and the arid grassland in China, the rainy season is extremely short, the rain water is few, the evaporation capacity is extremely large, the sand storm occurs frequently, and the natural ecological environment is extremely severe. Due to the reasons and human factors, the cultivated land which is the basic natural resource in China is short and only has 1.36 mu, 50 percent of the land is dry land without water source, the water resource amount which can be used by people in the year is short and only has about 423 cubic meters, and the cultivated land resource and the water resource which can be used are in poor backward state in both macroscopic and microscopic configuration.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the natural disasters of mountain torrents, mountain landslides, debris flows and river flood flooding caused by flood season every year are effectively inhibited or reduced, and the required rainwater resources are directly stored for mountain forest fire extinguishing, mountain forest planting and dry land farming of a local mountain area without a water source, so that the local mountain area, rainwater resources and biomass renewable energy resources have optimal micro configuration; eliminating flood and drought disasters of the plain farmland along the river, directly storing required water resources for the cultivation of the plain farmland and leading the plain farmland and local rainwater resources to have optimal micro-configuration; the method has the advantages of recovering the green ecological environment of the gobi in the northwest desert of China and improving the green ecological environment of the arid grassland, directly storing needed rainwater resources for the local, and enabling the optimal micro configuration of the local land resources, the rainwater resources and the renewable clean energy of solar photovoltaic and wind power generation.

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of effectively inhibiting or reducing natural disasters of mountain floods, mountain landslides, debris flows and river floods caused by annual flood season in each rain-collecting mountain area of each water system drainage basin, directly storing needed rainwater resources for local forest fire extinguishing, mountain forest planting and dry land farming and leading the local mountain land, rainwater resources and biomass renewable energy to have optimal micro configuration, adopts a rainwater control concept of 'stocking with rainwater property and rearrangement of space-time distribution', and correspondingly divides a plurality of rain-collecting mountain surfaces which are approximate spiral annular zones or inclined zones into surface elements or approximate spiral or inclined step surface elements which are approximate spiral annular zones or inclined zones and have small inner side inclination angles for enabling excessive rainwater to flow outwards in each rain-collecting mountain area of each water system drainage basin in the flood season according to local water control concept, or a spiral terrace or an inclined terrace surface element, and a mountain rainwater collecting device provided with a drainage groove for collecting excessive surface rainwater of the corresponding surface element and a reservoir for completely or partially storing the excessive surface rainwater of the surface element. The rainwater collecting device comprises a spiral groove rainwater collecting device or an inclined groove rainwater collecting device which is respectively arranged on the surfaces of rain collecting hills with different gradients, or a bare-hill mountain spiral step rainwater collecting device or an inclined step rainwater collecting device, a slope mountain spiral step rainwater collecting device or an inclined step rainwater collecting device and a slope mountain spiral terrace or inclined terrace rainwater collecting device which are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the rain collecting hills with different gradients; the rainwater collecting device also comprises a dry land inclined groove rainwater collecting device arranged on a horizontal terrace or an inclined terrace surface element without a water source in the rainwater collecting mountainous area.

The drainage groove is in a shape of approximate spiral or inclined, is directly arranged on an approximate spiral annular surface element or an inclined surface element of the mountain surface with various gradients and the inner side of each dry land element, or is arranged on the inner side of a spiral ladder or an inclined ladder with a small inner inclination angle and a spiral terrace or an inclined terrace with a small inner inclination angle, and is made into a permanent structure by reinforced concrete. Two sides of the drainage groove are mutually connected through reinforcing rib plates, the upper ends of the two sides are in an up-and-down step shape, and a barrier step consisting of a stepped high barrier cover plate with a filter screen and a stepped wide barrier cover plate is laid and fastened on the upper ends of the two sides; or the roof tile is overlapped and embedded with the bank, reinforced concrete is prefabricated into a U-shaped component with the shape of a drainage groove, the concrete is embedded with the bank in the groove which is pre-dug and paved with the base, and barrier steps are paved and fixed at the upper ends of the two sides of the U-shaped component; or the prefabricated reinforced concrete pipeline component with the barrier ladder is paved in the pre-digging drainage groove through the connecting pipe with the barrier ladder. In the drainage groove, filtering pits with stainless steel wire net cover plates and used for filtering fine sand grains and other impurities in excessive surface rainwater are discontinuously arranged; or the main drainage groove and the secondary drainage groove are arranged and communicated with each other through an underground pipeline and a control valve, so that a channel network for draining, storing and supplying excessive rainwater on the surface of the mountain is formed. The drainage groove also has the functions of management and fire fighting channels of mountain forests, filtering residual leaves and sand and stones carried in excessive surface rainwater, and preventing wild animals and diseases caused by mosquito entering the drainage groove to nest and propagate. Excessive surface rainwater on each surface element of each rain collecting mountain body respectively flows into a corresponding drainage groove in a flood season, all or part of the excessive surface rainwater is collected and stored in a corresponding reservoir, the excessive surface rainwater flows to a water outlet at the tail end of the drainage groove along the corresponding drainage groove, or flows downwards into a phase or other drainage grooves and other reservoirs through a channel net, enters the corresponding stepped drainage groove with an upper step and a lower step, passes through a water collecting and filtering device and a water outlet pipe which are composed of a stainless steel wire filter screen and a partition plate with holes, and is stored in a local reservoir, or is stored in a reservoir with unchanged underground water storage resources, or flows into a local rivulet river.

The water storage tank is made into a permanent structure by adopting waterproof reinforced concrete or a non-rusty metal material or a fireproof non-metal material; the cross section is square or round, and a reinforcing rib plate is arranged in the cross section or in the cross section; the upper cavity of the upper end clapboard is provided with a filtering device consisting of a water inlet pipe, a stainless steel wire filter screen and a vortex groove, and silt and other impurities contained in surface rainwater flowing in from the corresponding drainage groove or pipeline are blocked in the vortex groove. The inlet pipe also serves as a maintenance passage for the reservoir. The upper edge of the water storage tank is provided with a water pumping hole with a cover plate, or the water pumping hole is convenient for pumping water to extinguish forest fire. The bottom end of the reservoir is provided with a drain valve which is used for draining sludge or used for drip irrigation planting water supply of mountain forests or used for emptying the reservoir before flood and storing all water at the high level. The height position of the flood limit water level of the reservoir is provided with a water drain valve, and the reservoir is adjusted to store water above the flood limit water level outwards after flood or before rainstorm, or the reservoir provides a clean water source for an underground water infiltration device which increases the underground water storage amount of a local mountain or the flowing amount of spring water or mineral water.

The underground water infiltration device is a device which infiltrates clean water into a mountain or other soil through the gravity of the water or the pressure of a water pump to increase the underground water storage capacity of the mountain or other soil, or increase the spring water quantity flowing out of the mountain or increase the mineral water quantity flowing out of the mountain; consists of a water tank for obtaining clean water and a penetration device for penetrating the clean water into a mountain or other soil. The water source of the water pool is from a reservoir or other water sources and flows into the upper water cavity of the water pool through a water inlet pipe, a water inlet valve and an automatic water inlet control device which are arranged on the cover plate of the water pool. The upper end of the water inlet pipe is provided with a ventilating overflow pipe. A boss at the lower end of the filter is provided with a transverse clapboard with a plurality of small holes, and a fine filter device which is composed of a fine filter screen, fine stone and fine sand and has the fine filtering function is paved on the transverse clapboard; a blowdown device is arranged on the tight fine sand and is formed by welding a blowdown pipe, circular pipes with two sealed ends and a row of circular pipes with one sealed end and a plurality of small holes, a fully-opened blowdown valve is opened, and the upper water cavity is drained through the blowdown pipe and a pipeline to remove sludge. Clean water stored in the water outlet cavity of the water tank is injected into a penetration device consisting of a sleeve and a filter element which are made of stainless steel pipes and the upper ends of which are tightly pressed in mountain drill holes or underground drill holes through a valve, a pipeline and an automatic water inlet control device by the gravity of the water or the pressure of a water pump. The annular groove with a plurality of small holes is arranged on the sleeve and plays a role in increasing the contact and permeation area of clean water and mountain drilling holes or underground drilling holes. The filter element is composed of a stainless steel pipe welded with a stainless steel wire filter screen, the upper section of the stainless steel pipe is drilled with a plurality of small holes, the lower end of the stainless steel pipe is provided with a screw plug, and the stainless steel pipe is welded on the upper seat, so that foreign impurities are deposited at the lower end of the stainless steel pipe, and the foreign impurities are prevented from entering the annular groove to block the small holes.

The foreseeable effects are: the system can effectively inhibit or reduce natural disasters such as mountain floods, mountain landslides, debris flows, river flood floods and the like caused by each rain collecting mountain area of each water system in each annual flood season, and can directly reserve rainwater resources of about several thousand billions of cubic meters for forest fire extinguishing, mountain forest planting and breeding and dry land cultivation in local mountain areas; the local mountain land, rainwater resources and biomass renewable energy sources have the optimal micro configuration; the original 11 hundred million acres of dry land without water source is changed into high-quality cultivated land with self-prepared rainwater resources; about 18.7 hundred million acres of scarce resources and wealth of high-quality economic forest land with self-provided rainwater resources are newly added; by utilizing the potential water level difference of mountainous regions, the intelligent drip irrigation planting technology and the intelligent forest fire extinguishing system which are composed of drainage grooves, a reservoir and underground pipelines are easy to realize, and the best condition is created for developing local competitive characteristic economy; in the specific implementation and construction of the mountain rainwater collection device, local employment of farmers as main bodies of all systems and operations of the whole population is easy to realize, and the rural rainwater collection device is centralized in modern small rural towns and specially engaged in high-end planting and breeding industries with organic ecological cycle, processing service industries thereof, biomass renewable energy sources and wood processing industries thereof.

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of eliminating flood and drought disasters of the plain farmland along the river and directly storing required water resources for the cultivation of the plain farmland, so that the plain farmland and local water resources have optimal micro configuration. The longitudinal road and the transverse road embankment which are made of reinforced concrete and are higher than the local river flood by about 1.5 to 3 meters are used for dividing the plain farmland into a plurality of unit farmlands with large areas. Each unit farmland rainwater collecting device consists of drainage grooves arranged at two sides of a transverse road and used for collecting excessive surface rainwater on the surface of a unit farmland, furrows in the farmland, a reservoir arranged below the transverse road and used for storing the excessive surface rainwater on the unit farmland, a drain valve arranged at the bottom of the drainage grooves, and an water pump arranged in the reservoir and put in from partition wall holes, or is also provided with a stainless steel wire mesh which is used for removing the excessive rainwater for a paddy field or a fish pond and also used as partition wall holes for putting in water pumps and preventing fish from escaping from the paddy field or the fish pond. The method is characterized in that a pipe gallery is arranged below a longitudinal road which is directly communicated with a river along a river road, wherein a water inlet and drainage main pipe which is directly communicated with the marginal hilly area of the plain farmland from the river and is provided with a side door cover for maintenance is laid, a water inlet of the main pipe is arranged at the position below the river surface of the local river in the state of minimum ecological flow and is controlled by a gate valve, a water inlet and drainage branch pipe which is connected with the water inlet and drainage main pipe and is controlled by a valve and a reservoir water inlet and drainage pipe which is connected with the water inlet and drainage main pipe and is controlled by the reservoir water inlet and drainage valve are arranged below a transverse road, and a water inlet and drainage pipe network of. The earthwork excavated from the reservoir, the pipe gallery, the water culture and living facilities and the small river channels in the water countryside or the earthwork moved from near hills are accumulated in the plowed land near a certain unit of the great path along the river to build a plateau type modern small town with rockery suitable for the centralized residence of local farmers.

The foreseeable effects are: the flood and drought disasters of the plain farmland along the river are effectively eliminated, excessive surface rainwater of the plain farmland is stored in the flood season and is distributed to local rivers, and the required rainwater resource and river water resource are directly provided for the plain farmland in the arid season, so that the plain farmland and the local water resource have the optimal micro configuration; creates favorable conditions for promoting the development of local high-end grain planting industry and the economic zone of rural areas along small towns and rivers.

The invention aims to recover the green ecological environment of the northwest desert gobi in China and improve the green ecological environment of the arid grassland, directly store needed rainwater resources and ensure that the solar photovoltaic and wind energy power generation of local rainwater, land and renewable clean energy has the optimal microcosmic configuration. The grid-type longitudinal and transverse traffic road is used for dividing a desert Gobi and a drought grassland into a plurality of desert Gobi and drought grasslands which take a unit small town as the center and form a desert Gobi small town special area and a drought big grassland small town special area which are provided with a plurality of large-area units around the desert Gobi and the drought big grassland, and the desert Gobi and the drought big grassland are respectively specially used for solar photovoltaic and wind energy power generation and high-end desert planting and processing service industry, and the desert and the processing service industry are specially used for solar photovoltaic and wind energy power generation and high-end grazing and processing service industry. Each unit desert gobi rainwater collecting device and each unit drought and grassland rainwater collecting device are composed of a solar photovoltaic cell panel surface element which is arranged on the roof of a metal truss of a greenhouse planting greenhouse and used for solar photovoltaic power generation and rainwater collection, a sunlight glass plate surface element which is slightly inclined, or a solar photovoltaic cell panel surface element which is arranged on a metal truss which is controlled by a solar tracking device and is irradiated by sunlight threads and rotates along with a rotating shaft and supported on a metal bracket, wherein the solar photovoltaic cell panel surface element is provided with the solar photovoltaic power generation and rainwater collection, or the solar photovoltaic cell panel surface element which is arranged on a mountain body or a metal truss on the ground and used for photovoltaic power generation and rainwater collection, and a corresponding drainage groove, the water outlet, the sewer pipeline or the sewer metal hose and the underground pipeline, a reservoir arranged in the small unit town for storing rainwater and a reservoir for storing water resources without deterioration. Be provided with the barrier filter screen with sunshine glass board parallel and level on planting the drainage groove on the big-arch shelter roof, be convenient for be furnished with the dust removal snow removing robot normal operating who fills electric pile. Each small unit town is also provided with a tap water plant, a residential life and water culture building facility, an agricultural product processing factory, a sewage tank and a sewage treatment plant. The sewage is subjected to harmless treatment and meets the standard of secondary water resource, and is used for crop planting of planting greenhouses with automatic irrigation and water-saving suction irrigation devices or plant lamps, greening planting of flower devices on both sides of small-town buildings and traffic roads in units and underground animal breeding of farms through an underground pipe network.

The suction irrigation device is an automatic irrigation device with capillary phenomenon and saves water. Comprises a suction irrigation device used in a suction irrigation planting device and a suction irrigation breeding device. The suction irrigation device consists of a sleeve which is arranged on a supporting plate and extends into the bottom end of a water source of a lower cavity container or into a water body below the lower cavity container, and a suction irrigation element which is arranged in the sleeve and is made of pollution-free materials with capillary phenomenon or is sleeved with a soft spring and extends into soil in an upper cavity container and provides water needed by the growth of plants or animals. The suction irrigation planting device consists of a suction irrigation device, an upper cavity container in which plants are planted, and a lower cavity container which stores rainwater collected by raining or water injection as a water source required by the plants for long-term growth or a lower water body which depends on natural or artificial water body as a water source required by the plants for long-term growth. The sucking and irrigating cultivation device consists of sucking and irrigating device, upper cavity container with cover plate for cultivating underground animal and lower cavity container with water source for animal to grow for long period. The suction irrigation planting device has the functions of avoiding watering the soil of plants or animals planted in the upper cavity container, avoiding drought and withering of the plants or the animals due to untimely watering, and being widely applied to crop planting of Gobi, arid grassland and other lands and various planting greenhouses, flower planting for beautifying indoor environment and purifying indoor air, greening planting for urban forestation, and greening planting of streets and traffic roads, cities and towns, rural areas and buildings thereof, islands, stone mountains, flower beds, rockery, cemetery, flowers and other greening planting on other ground and water surfaces. The upper cavity and the lower cavity of the suction irrigation planting device are made of reinforced concrete, or plastic, or metal, or glass, or ceramic, or stone, or wood. The sleeve in the suction-filling device serves to support, position, protect and generate unwanted evaporation of water in the lower chamber container. Or the top end of the sleeve is provided with an elastic sealing ring for preventing soil from entering the sleeve. Wherein the flexible spring serves to protect the suction irrigation element from being damaged by the folding and pressing. The bottom end pipe orifice of the sleeve pipe immersed at the lowest water level of the water source is closed, and the upper section of the sleeve pipe is provided with a plurality of water inlet holes and a filter screen, so that sludge and impurities deposited at the bottom of the water source are prevented from entering the sleeve pipe to block the suction irrigation element. A filter screen for preventing mosquitoes from entering a water source for breeding or an overflow hole of an automatic control one-way valve for preventing the water source from evaporating or an overflow pipe below an overflow gap are arranged in the lower cavity or are provided with a water source highest water level. The upper cavity container is filled with various soils required by the growth of plants or animals, or soil-free sand and stones, or soil-free crushed organic plant fibers, or pollution-free chemical fibers or foam plastics, or a mixture of the above, or soil-free suction irrigation elements extending into the upper cavity container. The cover plate of the suction irrigation breeding device is provided with a small vent hole, a temperature controller of an upper cavity container and a feeding device of animal food. The soil surface of the suction irrigation planting device is paved with a layer of plastic film with small air holes, weeds are covered on the plastic film, then small cobblestones or small cement balls are paved, or small cement balls coated with non-absorbent foam plastics are paved, or the plastic film is paved with non-absorbent foam plastics balls firstly, and then the small cobblestones or the small cement balls are paved on the plastic film, or a layer of stainless steel wire mesh is additionally fixed on the small cobblestones or the small cement balls, so that the plants, the soil and the small cobblestones or the small cement balls are not blown away by strong wind and hurt pedestrians, the heat preservation, the ventilation and the sun protection are realized, the water evaporation is reduced, the soil and the water are separated when rainstorm or extra heavy rainstorm occurs, and excessive rainwater on the soil surface flows into a sewer pipe through a drainage pipe with a filter screen and an aeration or a lower cavity body container to serve as a water source. In the upper cavity container, a cross beam integrated with the upper cavity body or a cross stainless steel bar integrated with the upper cavity body is arranged, so that the cross beam or the cross stainless steel bar which enables the root system of the plant to be crossed and rooted in the soil is formed, and the plant is prevented from being blown down by strong wind. The nutrient elements required by plant growth are provided by fertilizer particles mixed in soil, or nutrient solution dispersedly injected into the soil, or fertilizer particles or nutrient solution thrown into the water source of the lower cavity container from the aeration sewer pipe or the sewer pipe. The nutrient elements required by the growth of animals are provided by animal food mixed in the soil or put on the surface of the soil. On the supporting plate, there are many air holes for soil to permeate air and water, or air-permeable water injection pipe with net and water level indicator and extended out of the soil surface or cover plate surface. The supporting plate is paved with a filter screen or a filter device consisting of the filter screen, sand and stone and a stainless steel wire net, which plays the roles of keeping the water source clean and avoiding the soil and the sand and stone from mixing. The cavities of the suction irrigation planting device and the suction irrigation breeding device can be divided into an integral type and a split type, the split type upper cavity container is formed by an upper cavity and a supporting plate into a whole body, and the embedded bank is correspondingly embedded and fixed in an inner spigot of a flange of the lower cavity, or correspondingly placed on a bracket component of the lower cavity, or correspondingly placed on a cross beam of a strut of the lower cavity, or correspondingly screwed in an external thread or an internal thread of the flange of the lower cavity. Or the upper cavity container is combined, or the lower cavity container is combined, so that the requirements of the planting device and the culture device are met. The flower device with the suction irrigation planting device matched with the planted plant has various appearance structures and surface modifications, or has various appearance structures and surface modifications of the transparent lower cavity container and the middle sleeve pipe, so that the flower device has higher applicability, stronger taste and artistry.

The reservoir with the stored water resources being not degraded is a floor reservoir which has a floor structure, wherein each layer is provided with a water storage chamber for storing water resources, and under any operation working condition, the water storage is replaced and flowed by external clean water, or by internal circulation clean water, or by clean water generated by an internal circulation water purification device from top to bottom in sequence, so that the stored water resources are not degraded; or a plane structure, and each row is provided with a plurality of mutually communicated water storage chambers with diversion ports and water resources, under any operation working condition, the water storage reservoir is replaced and flowed by external clean water, internal circulation clean water or clean water generated by an internal circulation water purifying device from beginning to end in sequence, thereby ensuring that the stored water resources are not degraded. The floor reservoir is composed of reservoir body, various pipelines and valves with different functions, circulating water pump, or internal circulating water purifier. The reservoir body consists of a foundation, a stand column, a cross beam, a floor slab, an outer wall, an inner partition wall, a roof, a public walkway, an up-down stair, an elevator passage and a greening platform on the roof, is integrally cast by reinforced concrete, and has the functions of firm structure, shock resistance and forming a plurality of layers and rows of water storage rooms. Or the reservoir body is assembled by a container water storage chamber made of metal or assembled on a base frame. The lower ends of the longitudinal inner partition walls and the partition walls on two sides of the public walkway of each layer are provided with inward-opened side door covers to play the roles of building and maintaining passages. Except for the outer wall and the transverse inner partition wall, the longitudinal inner partition wall below the top surface of each row of water storage chambers is provided with vent holes, the vent holes at the upper ends of the partition walls at two sides of the public walkway are communicated with an air filter at the top end of a vent water outlet pipe through a pipeline, the top of each water storage chamber is provided with an air chamber communicated with the outside atmosphere, the maximum water pressure of the bottoms of the partition walls at two sides of the public walkway and the floor at each layer is only the water pressure at the water storage height of the water storage chamber at the layer, the water pressure load of the outer wall of the reservoir and the partition walls at two sides of the public walkway is greatly reduced, the risk of reservoir damage is avoided, the high water pressure type 63partition wall of a hydropower station and the partition wall structure at two sides of the public walkway are avoided, and the body structure. The longitudinal inner partition wall of each row of the water storage chambers is correspondingly provided with a flow guide port, the outer wall of the water storage chamber of each row and partition walls on two sides of the public aisle are provided with sewer pipes in an up-and-down crossed manner, the sewer pipes are positioned below the vent holes, cleaner water flows into the corresponding water storage chambers from the water inlet header pipe and the water inlet pipes of each row, and flows smoothly in each row of the water storage chambers in sequence, so that stored water resources are prevented from deteriorating, and the water is supplied to an waterworks through a water outlet valve, a pipeline, a ventilation water outlet pipe and a control valve thereof. The bottom ends of the partition walls on the two sides of each layer of public walkway are provided with a water drain valve and a water drain pipe communicated with the ventilating water outlet pipe, which play a role in closing a certain water drain valve on a certain layer and opening the corresponding water drain valve to drain the stored water in the water storage chamber, thereby facilitating the sludge cleaning and the maintenance. Communicating pipes controlled by communicating valves are arranged between the lower ends of partition walls on two sides of a public walkway of each layer of water storage room and air rooms on the tops of the lower layers of correspondingly, and when a water inlet valve of a water inlet main pipe is closed and water supply is stopped, the corresponding communicating valves can be opened in sequence to ensure that the stored water of the reservoir on the floor is still kept in displacement flow and continuously supplies water to a tap water plant. Or an internal circulation displacement device which plays a role in internal circulation displacement flow of the reservoir is arranged in the walkway below the bottom public walkway and consists of a water pump inlet pipe, a control valve, a circulating water pump, a circulating water pipe, a valve, a water inlet header pipe, a water inlet valve and a water inlet pipe which are connected with the ventilating water outlet pipe; or an internal circulation water purification device is arranged, a water inlet of the internal circulation water purification device is connected with the ventilation water outlet pipe through a water return valve and a water return pipe, a water outlet of the internal circulation water purification device is connected with a water inlet pipe of the water pump through a pipeline and a control valve, and purified water participates in internal circulation flow exchange, so that the stored water in the reservoir is more and more clean. The reservoir of the floor side and the reservoir of the plane side and the container device which is made according to the working principle and the similar structure and can store water resources without deterioration can be widely applied to each user needing to store a certain amount of water resources without deterioration.

The foreseeable effects are: about 117.6 billions of cubic meters of rainwater resources can be obtained from the small town economic special communities in the units of the desert Gobi and the arid grassland in rainy season every year, and the rainwater resources can be used for water needed by the residents of the unit small town communities with about 5880 ten million of population for living, water culture and industrial and agricultural production; the solar photovoltaic power generation amount which is greatly enriched is more than 16 trillion kilowatt-hour per year and is 2.25 times of the current annual total power generation amount of 7.1111 trillion kilowatt-hour in China; the local ground surface temperature and the local air temperature can be reduced, the relative humidity is improved, the ocean warm and humid airflow is induced to flow deeply into the desert Gobi and the small town economy special area group of the arid big grassland unit in rainy summer, the rainfall is increased, and the arid and extremely arid desert Gobi is restored into a semi-arid or warmer and humid green ecological environment suitable for human inhabitation; additionally adding about 18 hundred million acres of greenhouse crop planting land with self-prepared rainwater resources; greatly improving the green ecological environment of a dry grassland and adding about 2.6 hundred million acres of greenhouse feed planting land with self-prepared rainwater resources; and creates good conditions for developing extremely abundant mineral resources in the underground of the desert gobi and the arid grasslands in the future.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of mountain torrent causes of an inclined mountain. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cause of a flood in a slant mountain body having horizontal steps. Fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a rainwater collecting device with an inclined mountain spiral step or an inclined step. FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a rainwater collecting device for an inclined mountain spiral terrace or an inclined terrace. Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of a steep hill spiral groove or inclined groove rainwater collection device. FIG. 6 is a partial view of a drainage groove of a step of a mountain. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the general structural arrangement of the water reservoir. Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7. FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the general structural arrangement of a mountain groundwater infiltration apparatus. Fig. 10 is a general arrangement schematic diagram of a rainwater collecting device for farmland on the river along the river plain. Fig. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a-a in fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of B-B in fig. 10. Fig. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of C-C of fig. 10. Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the general arrangement of the unit desert gobi or the unit arid big grassland small town economy special area and the general arrangement of the greenhouse planting greenhouse roof type rainwater collecting device. Fig. 15 is a schematic sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a sun tracking type rainwater collecting device for the gobi of desert or dry grassland. Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a vase-type suction irrigation planting device with a suction irrigation device. Fig. 18 is a top view of fig. 17. Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a box-type suction irrigation planting device with a suction irrigation device. Fig. 20 is a top view of fig. 19. Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the general arrangement of a reservoir structure of a floor side . Fig. 22 is a partial top view of fig. 21. FIG. 23 is a schematic structural view of a suction irrigation cultivation device with a suction irrigation device.

Custom science and technology terminology

"floor reservoir": the reservoir is a reservoir which has a floor house structure, is provided with water storage chambers in each row, respectively stores water resources, and is sequentially replaced and flowed by external clean water, internal circulation clean water or clean water generated by an internal circulation water purifying device from top to bottom under any working condition to ensure that the stored water is not deteriorated, and is called as a floor reservoir. "plane square reservoir": the reservoir is a reservoir which has a plane structure, is provided with a plurality of water resource storage chambers which are communicated with each other and are provided with flow guide ports, and ensures that the stored water resources are not degraded by externally clean water, internally circulated clean water or clean water generated by an internally circulated water purifying device in a displacement flow mode under any operation working condition, and is called as a plane square reservoir. "suction irrigation device": the device is a suction irrigation device which has capillary phenomenon, automatically irrigates and saves water, and is called as a suction irrigation device. Local "effective rainfall": the annual rainfall which can be really utilized by the local is called as local effective rainfall. Local "effective rainfall efficiency": the ratio of the local annual effective rainfall to the local annual total rainfall is called local effective rainfall efficiency.

Detailed Description

Detailed implementation of mountain rainwater collecting device

Each rain collecting mountain area of each water system drainage basin is a source area of flood of a large river, and a free slope and a slope mountain body of the rain collecting mountain area are easy to cause natural disasters such as mountain floods, debris flows, mountain landslides and the like in extreme rainstorms or extra-large rainstorms in the flood season every year, and are easy to cause drought disasters and forest fires in the arid season after the flood season. As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in a heavy rain condition or a heavy rain condition with a great rainfall 105, surface rainwater on each layer of annular surface area elements 104, 103 and 102 consisting of triangular surface elements 107 on a mountain body 106 cannot penetrate into soil layers and flows to the mountain in a superposition manner to form a mountain torrent 108 with a great flow speed 101; even if the horizontal steps 203 with the horizontal grooves 201 are formed on the surface of the mountain body 106, the outbreak time of the mountain torrents can be delayed, but the mountain body is soaked by excessive surface rainwater and the mountain body for a long time, the mountain torrents 108 flowing by overlapping water flows 202 or natural disasters of mud-rock flows and mountain landslides can still be outbreaked. Collecting mountain floods in valleys and brooks and rivers and collecting in rivers, forming billows floods flowing into the sea; the flood season is a slow and long drought season, particularly, the mountain body and dry land on a bare slope and a slope become a water-free land due to no rainwater left in the flood season, even if a reservoir is built under the mountain or nearby the mountain, the growing requirements of planting on the mountain and extinguishing the forest fire without a fire fighting channel are difficult to solve, the micro configuration of local mountain land, rainwater resources and biomass renewable energy sources is extremely poor, and scarce resources and wealth of the mountain land are not released.

In order to solve the technical problems, according to the water control concept of 'storing along with the nature of rainwater and rearranging space-time distribution', the most direct and simplest method is adopted according to local conditions, and a mountain rainwater collecting device is arranged on the surface of a rain collecting mountain which is easy to flood mountain floods in flood season in each rain collecting mountain area of each water system drainage basin and on the surface of a mountain which is used for directly storing required rainwater resources for mountain forest planting, mountain forest fire extinguishing and mountain dry land cultivation of mountain areas without water sources in the mountain areas. The method comprises the following steps: a mountain spiral groove or inclined groove rainwater collecting device which collects excessive surface rainwater of the corresponding mountain surface element and stores all or part of the excessive surface rainwater in the corresponding reservoir 301 by dividing the complex mountain surface with any gradient into a plurality of inclined annular surface elements or inclined annular surface elements and arranging spiral or inclined drainage grooves 306 correspondingly; the slope mountain spiral ladder or inclined ladder rainwater collecting device and the slope mountain spiral terrace or inclined terrace rainwater collecting device are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the hills with larger slope and smaller slope; the dry land inclined groove rainwater collecting device is arranged on the dry land of a horizontal terrace or an inclined terrace without a water source in a rainwater collecting mountain area.

The drainage grooves 306 are formed in a substantially spiral or inclined shape as shown in fig. 3 to 6; the slope surface elements are directly arranged on the spiral annular surface elements or the inclined surface elements of the surfaces of various hills and on the inner side of each dry land element, or are arranged on the inner sides of spiral steps or inclined step surface elements with small inner side dip angles 307 and spiral terraces or inclined terraces surface elements with small inner side dip angles 307; the permanent structure is made of reinforced concrete. Two sides of the drainage groove 306 are mutually connected through reinforcing rib plates, the upper ends of the two sides are in an up-and-down step shape, and a barrier step 308 consisting of a filter screen, a step-by-step high barrier cover plate and a step-by-step wide barrier cover plate is placed and fastened on the upper end of the drainage groove; or a roof tile overlapping embedded groove mode is adopted, reinforced concrete is prefabricated into a U-shaped member with a drainage groove, the cement concrete embedded groove is arranged in the groove which is pre-dug and paved with the base, and barrier steps 308 are paved and fixed at the upper ends of the two sides of the groove; or a reinforced concrete pipeline component with the barrier ladder 308 is prefabricated and laid in the pre-dug drainage groove through a connecting pipe with the barrier ladder 308. In the drainage groove 306, a filtering pit with a filter screen cover plate and used for filtering fine sand grains and other impurities in the rainwater on the surface is discontinuously arranged; or the primary and secondary drainage grooves 306 are arranged and communicated with each other through underground pipelines and control valves to form a channel network for draining, storing and supplying excessive rainwater on the surface of the mountain. The drainage grooves 306 also play a role in forming a mountain forest management and fire fighting channel of the four-way eighda system, filtering residual leaves and sand and stones carried in excessive surface rainwater on the surface of a mountain, and preventing wild animals and mosquitoes from entering a nest to propagate diseases. Excessive surface rainwater on each surface section 302, 303, 304 and 401, 402, 403 and 504, 503, 506 of the rain-collecting mountain surfaces in flood season respectively flows into the corresponding drainage groove 306, is wholly or partially collected and stored in the corresponding reservoir 301, and the excessive surface rainwater flows to a terminal water outlet 606 of the drainage groove along the corresponding drainage groove 306 or flows downwards into the phase or other drainage grooves 306 and other reservoirs 301 through a channel net, flows into the corresponding step drainage groove 607 with an upper step and a lower step 608, passes through a water collecting and filtering device 605 and a water outlet pipe 602 which are composed of a stainless steel wire screen 604 and a perforated partition plate 603, and is stored in a local water tank, or is stored in a reservoir which is arranged underground and does not deteriorate water resources, or flows into a local brook river.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the water reservoir 301 is made of waterproof reinforced concrete, stainless metal material or fireproof nonmetal material to form a permanent structure, the cross section of which is square or circular, and a reinforcing rib plate 715 is arranged in the water reservoir; the upper cavity of the upper end clapboard 714 is provided with a filtering device consisting of a water inlet pipe 709, a stainless steel wire filter screen 708 and a vortex groove 712, and silt, broken stone and other impurities 711 in surface rainwater flowing in from the corresponding drainage groove 306 or pipeline are blocked in the vortex groove 712; the water inlet pipe 709 also serves as a maintenance passage for the reservoir 301; a water pumping hole 705 with a cover plate 707 is arranged at the upper edge of the water reservoir 301, or the water is conveniently pumped to extinguish the local forest fire; a drain valve 717 is arranged at the bottom end of the water storage tank 301 and used for draining the sludge 701, or used for supplying water for mountain forest drip irrigation planting, or used for emptying the height 703 of the water storage tank before flood for storing all water; a water discharge valve 716 is arranged at the height position of the flood limiting water level 702 of the reservoir 301, and the water storage 704 above the flood limiting water level is adjusted outwards after flood or before rainstorm, or a cleaner water source is provided for an underground water infiltration device of a local mountain.

As shown in fig. 9, the groundwater infiltration device is a device which infiltrates clean water into a mountain or other ground by gravity of water or pressure of a water pump to increase the amount of groundwater stored in the mountain or other ground or to increase the amount of spring water or mineral water flowing out of the mountain; consists of a water pool 909 for obtaining clean water and a penetration device 934 for penetrating the clean water into the mountain. The water pool 909 is partially installed in the mountain 106, and is provided with a cover plate 912 at the top end and fastened by a fastener 911, and the water source from the water reservoir 301 or other clean water source flows into the upper water cavity 910 of the water pool 909 through a water inlet pipe 913, a water inlet valve 914 and an automatic water inlet control device 915 which are installed on the cover plate 912 of the water pool. The upper end of the upper water cavity 910 is provided with a ventilating overflow pipe 917, a boss 906 at the lower end of the upper water cavity is provided with a diaphragm 902 with a plurality of small holes 903, and a fine filtering device 907 which is composed of a fine filtering net 901, a fine stone 922 and fine sand 921 and has a fine filtering effect is paved on the diaphragm 902. A blowdown device 908 is arranged on the tight fine sand 921 and is formed by welding a blowdown pipe 920, a circular pipe 923 with two sealed ends and a row of circular pipes 918 with one sealed end and a plurality of small holes, a full-open blowdown valve 925 is opened, and the upper water cavity 910 drains water and removes sludge 919 through the blowdown pipe 920 and a pipeline. Clean water stored in a water cavity 905 under a water pool 909 is injected into a penetration device 934 which is made of a stainless steel pipe, the upper end of the penetration device is tightly pressed into a sleeve 932 and a filter element 941 which are arranged in a mountain drilling hole or an underground drilling hole through valves 927 and 929, a pipeline 928 and an automatic water inlet control device 930 by gravity or water pump pressure. An annular groove 935 with a plurality of small holes 933 is provided in the sleeve 932 to increase the contact penetration area of the clean water into the mountain borehole 904 or an underground borehole. The filter 941 is composed of a stainless steel tube 939 welded with a stainless steel wire screen 940, having a plurality of small holes drilled at the upper end portion thereof and a plug screw 937 mounted at the lower end thereof and welded to the upper seat 942, and serves to deposit foreign substances 938 at the lower end thereof to prevent the foreign substances from entering the annular groove 935 and blocking the small holes 933.

The mountain rainwater collection device is implemented and constructed in detail, so that a good effect can be obtained: the natural disasters such as mountain floods, mountain landslides, debris flows, river floods and the like caused by each rain collecting mountain area of each water system in each annual flood season can be effectively inhibited or reduced; the method has the advantages that rainwater resources required for direct storage of mountain forest planting and breeding, dry land farming and forest fire extinguishing in local mountain areas are about several thousand-billion cubic meters, and the local mountain areas, rainwater resources and biomass renewable energy sources are enabled to have optimal micro configuration and do not need to be eaten by the heaven; directly providing drinking water of spring water or mineral water flowing out of mountains for residents in local mountain areas; the original 11 hundred million acres of dry land without water source is changed into high-quality cultivated land with self-prepared rainwater resources; about 18.7 hundred million acres of mountain land without water source is newly added to become a scarce resource and wealth of high-quality economic forest land with self-provided rainwater resources; by utilizing the cultivated land of the mountain area and the topography of the planted forest land, the intelligent drip irrigation planting and forest fire prevention and extinguishing system consisting of the drainage groove, the reservoir and the underground pipeline is easy to realize, and the best condition is created for developing local characteristic economy with competitiveness; the method realizes local employment of farmers as main bodies for operating mountainous areas, and centralizes the farmers in modern rural small towns with all high-end service industries of large cities to become residents of the towns and operators and managers of the mountainous areas, and specially engages in high-end planting and breeding industries of organic ecological cycle and processing service industries thereof, biomass energy and wood processing industries and service industries thereof, thereby realizing high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture, rural living-suitable industries and abundant farmers in the mountainous areas.

Concrete implementation mode of plain farmland rainwater collecting device

The farmland of rivers along the river plain in each water system drainage basin is a main grain producing area in China, waterlogging is easy to occur due to rainstorm or heavy rainstorm in extreme weather or heavy rain in a long time or excessive dam shortage of rivers in the annual flood season, drought is easy to occur after the flood season, local agricultural production is extremely unstable, and the arrangement of the plain farmland and water resources thereof is not good. In order to solve the technical problem, a plain farmland rainwater collecting device is arranged locally. The specific embodiment thereof is shown in fig. 10 to 13. The longitudinal road 1009 and the transverse road 1005 embankment which are made of reinforced concrete and are about 1.5 to 3 meters higher than the highest water level of the local river flood divide the plain farmland into a plurality of unit farmland 1014 with extremely large area in a grid mode. The rainwater collecting device for each unit of arable land consists of drainage grooves 1004 which are arranged at two sides of a transverse road 1005 and used for collecting excessive surface rainwater on the surface of the unit arable land 1014, furrows in the arable land, a reservoir 1007 which is arranged below the transverse road 1005 and used for storing the excessive surface rainwater on the unit arable land 1014, a drainage valve 1003 which is arranged at the bottom of the drainage grooves 1004, and an water pump 1006 which is arranged in the reservoir 1007 and put in from a partition wall hole 1101, or is also provided with a partition wall hole 1201 which is used for removing the excessive rainwater for a paddy field or fish pond and also used as a partition wall hole water pump 1006 and a stainless steel wire net 1202 which is used for preventing fish culture in the paddy field or fish pond from. A pipe gallery 1010 is arranged below a longitudinal highway 1009 which is directly communicated with the river edge along a river road 1002, wherein a water inlet and outlet header pipe 1015 which is directly communicated with the marginal hilly land of plain cultivated land and is provided with a side door cover 1013 for maintenance is laid, and a water inlet 1017 of the header pipe is arranged at the position below the river surface of the local river 1018 in the minimum ecological flow state and is controlled by a gate valve 1016; and a water inlet and outlet branch pipe 1011 connected with a water inlet and outlet header pipe 1015 and controlled by a valve 1012 is arranged below the transverse highway 1005, and a water storage tank water inlet and outlet pipe 1301 connected with the water inlet and outlet header pipe 1015 and controlled by a water storage tank water inlet and outlet valve 1008 is arranged to form a water inlet and outlet pipe network of the plain farmland. The earth and stone of the excavated reservoir 1007, the pipe gallery 1010, the water culture living facilities and the small water village canal are piled up in the cultivated land near the large river road 1002, and the land is built into a plateau type with the distance of more than 5 meters from the surface of the cultivated land, the front side is provided with a river and a river beach park 1001, and the back side is provided with a rockery and water, so that the modern small town suitable for centralized living of residents in local rural areas is provided. The specific implementation can eliminate flood and drought disasters of the plain farmland along the river bank, store excessive surface rainwater of the plain farmland in the flood season, flood diversion for local rivers, and directly provide required rainwater resources and river water resources for the local plain farmland in the drought season, so that the local water resources and the farmland have optimal micro configuration; and the economic zone of small towns along rivers in rural areas is easy to form, the local urbanization in rural areas is realized, and the difference between local cities and towns is eliminated.

Specific implementation mode of rainwater collecting device for desert gobi and arid grassland

Restoring the desert gobi called the "dead land", "moth dysentery" and "scalp tinea" on the earth in China and improving the green ecological environment of the arid grassland have been provided with the necessary objective conditions and sufficient subjective conditions as described below. The necessary objective conditions are three, namely, the land is very much wider, and the areas of the desert gobi and the arid grassland in northwest of China are about 130.8 kilo square kilometers and 20 kilo square kilometers respectively. Secondly, solar photovoltaic and wind energy generating capacity of a great amount of renewable clean energy can be obtained every year, the local north latitude is 38-42 degrees, the solar altitude is large, the sunshine time is long, the solar radiation is particularly rich, and the solar radiation quantity per square centimeter is more than 140 kilocalories per year; if the effective coverage area of the surface element of the solar photovoltaic cell panel is only 30% of the area of the desert gobi and the average effective power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cell is 10%, the photovoltaic power generation capacity of more than 16 trillion kilowatt-hours can be obtained every year for the vast desert gobi and the arid grassland. Thirdly, a huge amount of rainwater resources can be collected every year, local rainy seasons in summer are very short, the annual rainfall is less than 200mm, some regions are extremely arid, the annual rainfall is only 50mm, the daytime temperature is extremely high, the annual evaporation capacity is more than 1000mm, the climate is particularly dry, even some bacteria and viruses are difficult to survive, the ecology is a piece of waste, the sand storm weather is endangered, and the environment is particularly severe; however, if engineering methods are adopted, the thin and precious e.g. golden rain water of the Liaokubi and the arid grassland can be collected together efficiently, so that huge amount of rain water resources are obtained and well stored and utilized, and the everlasting land coverage change of the vigorous vigor is brought to the Liaobi and the arid grassland. Abundant subjective condition mainly has four, and firstly the rainwater resource is collected to the high efficiency, adopts this outstanding desert gobi rainwater collection device and the big grassland rainwater collection device of arid, utilizes the high-efficient local rainwater resource of collecting of photovoltaic cell board surface element and sunshine glass face component on the big-arch shelter roof of local greenhouse planting to through drainage groove, water pump and pipeline, concentrate the rainwater of collecting and send to the cistern in the small town special district of unit in, store in the reservoir after handling. And secondly, rainwater resources are stored, and by adopting the reservoir which ensures that the stored rainwater resources are not degraded, cleaner rainwater resources treated by the reservoir every year are stored in the reservoir in time, and are subjected to internal circulation clean displacement flow, so that the rainwater resources are not degraded. Thirdly, water is saved, and the special desert crops can be well planted in a greenhouse planting greenhouse or a gobi desert land by adopting the suction irrigation planting technology of the automatic irrigation and water-saving suction irrigation device with the capillary phenomenon or the drip irrigation technology. And fourthly, rainwater resources are utilized, and an ecological cycle water utilization mode of 'water utilization in living and water culture and agricultural product processing industry is first, and water utilization in greenhouse crop planting and flower greening planting is later' is adopted.

It was proved to be feasible by quantitative calculation under the above conditions: the rainwater collected by eight 100 square kilometer unit rainwater collecting devices with the area of 900 square kilometers and the periphery centering on the unit small town is stored in a reservoir and a reservoir with the stored water resources being not deteriorated, the average per year reaches about 7000 million cubic meters, and the average contained population is about 35 million; about 168 small town special areas of the unit are arranged in 180.5 million square kilometers of desert Gobi and dry grassland, the average value of the total amount of collected rainwater per year is about 117.6 billion cubic meters, which is equal to 90 percent of 130 billion cubic meters of central water regulation in China, and the total population of the small town special area group of the unit is about 5880 million.

From the above, it can be seen that the micro configuration of renewable clean energy, land resources and rain resources of local solar photovoltaic and wind power generation can be perfected just because of the wide desert gobi and arid grassland with 150.8 ten thousand square kilometers: the proportion of the area of the photovoltaic cell panel surface element on the roof of the local greenhouse planting greenhouse can be greatly reduced on the premise of meeting the requirement of clean energy in the local and national places, and the proportion of the area of the sunlight glass panel surface element can be greatly enlarged, so that sufficient sunlight can penetrate into the land in the greenhouse planting greenhouse, the requirement of crop growth is met, the sunlight can be utilized, and a large amount of carbon dioxide can be absorbed; rainwater resources efficiently collected by the surface elements on the roof every year can meet the requirements of life, water culture and industrial production of residents in small towns in units and can also meet the requirements of crop growth and greening. Under the condition, the restoration of the desert gobi and the improvement of the green ecological environment of the arid grassland become possible.

In the specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, 15 and 16, "to make rich first route repair", a grid-type longitudinal and transverse traffic road 1403 divides the desert gobi into a plurality of regions centered on a small unit town 1402, and forms a special economic region of desert gobi with a plurality of large area unit desert gobi around the region, a special high-end desert planting industry and a processing industry and a service industry which are engaged in solar photovoltaic and wind energy power generation and greenhouse planting greenhouses, and divides a drought big grassland into a plurality of regions centered on the small unit town 1402 and forming a special drought big grassland economic region with a plurality of large area unit drought big grasslands around the region, and a special high-end pasture planting industry and a processing service industry which are engaged in solar photovoltaic and wind energy power generation and greenhouse planting greenhouses are engaged in the special high-end pasture feed planting and processing service industry. Each unit of Gobi rainwater collection device and each unit of arid big grassland rainwater collection device is composed of a solar photovoltaic cell panel 1411 surface element for solar photovoltaic power generation and rainwater collection, a slightly inclined sunlight glass plate 1410 surface element for rainwater collection, a drainage groove 1408, a barrier filter screen 1506 which is flush with the sunlight glass plate 1410 and facilitates normal operation of a dust removal snow removal robot 1507 provided with a charging pile 1511, a drainage port 1407, a sewer channel 1503, an underground pipeline 1412, an underground main drainage pipe 1414, a water inlet pipeline 1415, a reservoir 1416 for storing rainwater and a reservoir 1417 for storing water resources without deterioration, which are arranged on a roof of a south-facing north half cover of a metal truss 1505 of a greenhouse big greenhouse 1502 as shown in figure 15. Or as shown in fig. 16, the solar photovoltaic power generation and rainwater collection device consists of a solar photovoltaic cell panel 1411 surface element, a drainage groove 1408 arranged at the lower end of the solar photovoltaic cell panel, a drainage outlet 1407, a lower water metal hose 1608, an underground pipeline 1601, a water storage tank 1416 and a water storage resource non-deterioration reservoir 1417, wherein the solar photovoltaic cell panel 1411 surface element is arranged on a metal truss 1605 which is arranged on a metal bracket 1603 and is controlled by a solar tracking device 1607 fixed on an existing slope mountain or irradiated by a solar thread 1606 and rotates along with a rotating shaft 1604. Each unit town 1402 is also provided with a waterworks 1418, a residential living and water-cultural facility building and agricultural product processing plant 1405, a sewage tank and sewage treatment plant 1404. The sewage is subjected to harmless treatment and meets the standard of secondary water resource, and is used for crop planting of a greenhouse 1502 with an automatic irrigation and water-saving suction irrigation device or a plant lamp 1504, greening of buildings 1402 of small unit cities and towns and flower containers 1409 on two sides of a traffic road 1403 and underground animal breeding of a farm through an underground pipe network.

The suction irrigation device is a device with capillary phenomenon for automatic irrigation and water-saving suction irrigation, is used for a flower vase-shaped suction irrigation planting device shown in figures 17 and 18 and a box-shaped suction irrigation planting device shown in figures 19 and 20, and has an integrated cavity; the cavity of the suction irrigation cultivation device is split as shown in figure 23. From the above illustration, the suction irrigation planting device is comprised of a suction irrigation device, upper cavity containers 1716, 1914 in which plants 1718, 1916 are planted, lower cavity containers 1704, 1903 in which rainwater or water collected by rain is stored as a water source required for the plants 1718, 1916 to grow for a long period, or lower water in which natural or artificial water is used as a water source required for the plants 1718, 1916 to grow for a long period. The suction irrigation breeding device consists of a suction irrigation device, an upper cavity container 2306 for breeding animals living underground, such as earthworms, and a lower cavity container 2303 for storing water sources required by water injection for the growth of the bred animals for a long time. The suction irrigation device consists of sleeves 1705, 1904 and 2302 which are arranged on supporting plates 1708, 1906 and 2304 and extend into the bottom end of a water source of lower cavity containers 1704, 1903 and 2303 or extend into water body below, and suction irrigation elements 1711, 1909 and 2305 which are made of pollution-free materials with capillary phenomenon or are sleeved with soft springs 1732, 1927 and 2326 and extend into soil 1719, 1917 and 2313 of upper cavity containers and provide moisture required for the growth of plants 1718 and 1916 or animals. A cover plate 2309 of the suction irrigation culture device is provided with a small vent hole, a temperature controller 2310 of an upper cavity container 2306 and a feeding device 2308 of animal food 2312; the moisture content of the soil 1719, 1917 and 2313 always keeps the growth requirement of plants or animals, although the moisture content is reduced along with the transpiration of the plant growth and the increase of the evaporation speed of the soil surface, the capillary phenomenon water supply speed of the materials of the suction irrigation elements 1711, 1909 and 2305 is automatically increased, and the suction irrigation elements are increased along with the increase of the number of the suction irrigation elements, the increase of the diameter, the lengthening of the length extending into the soil, the shortening of the height in the lower cavity container and the enhancement of the infiltration capacity of the inner wall surface of the sleeve 1705, 1904 and 2302, and the suction irrigation elements are like roots of the plants extending into the water source. The device has the functions of avoiding watering the plants 1718 and 1916 planted in the upper cavity container or animals and avoiding drought and withering of the plants or the animals due to untimely watering. The suction irrigation planting device can be placed or fixed on any ground or under the ground, fixed on a roof, on a beam and a column of an outer wall of a building, on a rod or hung in the air, can be integrated with the design of a roof, a balcony and an outer wall of an urban building, and can be embedded in a stone mountain or arranged on the water surface, so that the suction irrigation planting device can be widely applied to crop planting of Gobi in desert, arid grassland and other lands and various planting greenhouses, flower planting for beautifying indoor environment and purifying indoor air, greening planting of urban forestation, and flowers and other greening planting on two sides of streets and traffic roads, cities and countryside and buildings thereof, islands, stone mountains, flower beds, rockery, cemetery, other grounds and water surfaces. The upper cavity and the lower cavity of the suction irrigation planting device are made of reinforced concrete, or plastic, or metal, or glass, or ceramic, or stone, or wood. The sleeves 1705, 1904, 2302, in the suction filling position serve to support, position, protect the suction filling elements 1711, 1909, 2305 and to create unwanted evaporation of water in the lower chamber container. Or an elastic sealing ring 2314 for preventing soil from entering the sleeve is arranged at the top end of the sleeve 2302. The soft springs 1732, 1927 and 2326 protect the suction elements 1711, 1909 and 2305 from being damaged by folding and pressing. The bottom end nozzles of the sleeves immersed in the lowest water level 1725, 1923 and 2317 of the water source are closed, and the upper sections of the sleeves are provided with a plurality of water inlet holes 1702, 1902 and 2319 or are provided with filter screens 1733, 1928 and 2325, so that the sludge and impurities 1729, 1924 and 2318 deposited at the bottom of the water source are prevented from entering the corresponding sleeves 1705, 1904 and 2302 to block the corresponding suction irrigation elements 1711, 1909 and 2305. In lower cavity 1723, 1921, 2301 or be provided with keep the water source highest water level 1724, 1922, 2316, take to have the filter screen that the mosquito-proof worm got into the water source and breeds, or have the overflow pipe 1703 under the automatic control check valve's of preventing water source evaporation ventilation spillway hole 1920 or spillway hole 2315 or gap 1706. The suction irrigation planting device placed indoors is provided with a water receiving basin 1701; a rain collecting basin 1715 is arranged outdoors. The upper cavity containers 1716, 1914 and 2306 are filled with various soils 1719, 1917 and 2313 suitable for the growth of plants 1718 and 1916 or animals, or soil-free sand and stones, or soil-free crushed organic plant fibers or pollution-free chemical fibers or foam plastics, or a mixture thereof, or soil-free suction irrigation elements extending into the upper cavity containers. The surface of the soil 1719, 1917 of the suction irrigation planting device is paved with a layer of plastic film with small air holes and covered with weeds, then small cobblestones or small cement balls are paved, or small cement balls 1717, 1915 covered with non-absorbent foam plastics are paved, or non-absorbent foam plastics balls are paved on the lower layer, small cobblestones or small cement balls are paved on the plastic film, or a layer of stainless steel wire gauze is additionally fixed on the small cobblestones or small cement balls, the plants, the soil and the small cobblestones or small cement balls are not scraped away by strong wind and hurt pedestrians, the heat preservation, the air permeability and the sun protection reduce the water evaporation, the soil and the water are separated when rainstorm or extra heavy rainstorm occurs, and the excessive rainwater on the surface flows into the lower cavities 1704, 1903 through the drainage grooves 1713, 1912 with the filter screens 1733 and the aeration sewer pipes 1911 or the sewer pipes 1911. In the upper cavity container, a cross beam 1910 connected with the upper cavity 1918 or cross stainless steel bars 1727 connected with the upper cavity 1721 are arranged, so that root systems of plants 1718 and 1916 are crossed and rooted in the cross beam 1910 or the cross stainless steel bars 1727 in the soil 1719 and 1917, and the plants 1718 and 1916 are prevented from being blown down by strong wind. The nutrient elements needed by the plants 1718 and 1916 for growth are provided by fertilizer particles mixed in the soil 1719 and 1917, or nutrient solution dispersedly injected into the soil 1719 and 1917, or fertilizer particles or nutrient solution thrown into the water source of the lower cavity container from the aeration sewer pipe 1712 or the sewer pipe 1911; the nutrient elements required by the growth of animals are animal food 2312 mixed in the soil or put on the surface of the soil; on the pallets 1708, 1906, 2304, a number of air vents 1722, 1919, 2323 are provided to allow the soil 1719, 1917, 2313 to be air permeable and water permeable, or air permeable water injection pipes 1728, 1926, 2311 with a mesh and a water level indicator are provided to extend out of the surface of the soil 1719, 1917 or out of the surface of the cover plate 2309. The supporting plates 1708, 1906 and 2304 are paved with filter screens 1709, 1907 and 2322, or with filter devices composed of the filter screens 1709, 1907 and 2322, sandstone 1710, 1908 and 2321 and stainless steel screens 1730, 1925 and 2320, which play the roles of keeping water sources clean and avoiding the soil and sandstone from mixing. The cavities of the suction irrigation planting device and the suction irrigation culture device can be divided into an integral type and a split type, the split type upper cavity container is formed by upper cavities 1721, 1918 and 2307 and supporting plates 1708, 1906 and 2304 into a whole body, and the upper cavities are correspondingly embedded with the sills and fixed in the inner rabbets of the flanges 1707, 1905 and 2324 of the lower cavities 1723, 1921 and 2301, or correspondingly placed on the bracket component 1726 of the lower cavity 1723, or correspondingly placed on the strut cross beam 1901 of the lower cavity 1921, or correspondingly screwed in the external threads or the internal threads of the flanges of the lower cavity. Or the upper cavity container is combined, or the lower cavity container is combined, so that the requirements of the planting device and the culture device are met. The flower device with the suction irrigation planting device matched with the planted plant has various appearance structures and surface modifications, or has various appearance structures and surface modifications of the transparent lower cavity container and the middle sleeve pipe, so that the flower device has higher applicability, stronger taste and artistry.

The reservoir 1417 which stores water resources and is not deteriorated is a floor reservoir which has a floor house structure, is provided with water storage chambers 2129 in each row of each floor, stores water resources respectively, and is replaced and flows by external clean water, internal circulation clean water or clean water generated by an internal circulation water purifying device 2137 from top to bottom under any working condition so as to ensure that the stored water is not deteriorated; or a plane structure, and each row is provided with a plurality of mutually communicated water storage chambers with diversion ports and water resources, under any operation working condition, the water storage reservoir is replaced and flowed by external clean water, internal circulation clean water or clean water generated by an internal circulation water purifying device from beginning to end in sequence, thereby ensuring that the stored water resources are not degraded. The floor reservoir is arranged underground 2124 and is composed of reservoir body, various pipelines and valves with different functions, internal circulation water pump, or internal circulation water purifier. The reservoir body consists of a foundation 2132, a column 2203, a beam 2204, a floor 2128, an outer wall 2127, inner partition walls 2126 and 2205, a roof 2133, a public walkway 2113, an up-down stair, an elevator passage and a greening platform 2116, is integrally cast by reinforced concrete and forms a plurality of layers and rows of water storage chambers 2129; or the reservoir body is assembled by a prefabricated container water storage chamber or assembled on a basic frame; the lower ends of the longitudinal inner partition walls 2126 of each layer and partition walls 2115 on two sides of the public walkway are provided with inward-opened side door covers 2111 which play a role of building and maintaining a passage; outside the outer wall 2127 and the transverse inner partition 2205, vent holes 2119 are arranged on the longitudinal inner partition 2126 of each layer of water storage chamber 2129 close to the top surface, the vent holes 2119 at the upper ends of the partitions 2115 on two sides of the public walkway are communicated with a vent overflow branch pipe 2109, a vent overflow pipe 2110, an air filter 2117 and a vent water outlet pipe 2101, the top of each layer of water storage chamber 2129 is provided with an air chamber communicated with the external atmosphere, the maximum water pressure of each layer of outer wall 2127, the bottom of the partitions 2115 on two sides of the public walkway and a floor 2128 is only the water pressure 2130 at the water storage height of the water storage chamber 2129, the water pressure load of the outer wall 2127 of the reservoir and the partitions 2115 on two sides of the public walkway is greatly reduced, the risk of reservoir destruction is avoided, the large-size water pressure type outer wall 2131 of the water station is avoided, and the body structure of the floor reservoir 1417 becomes a safe and convenient. The longitudinal inner partition wall 2126 of each layer of the water storage chamber 2129 is correspondingly provided with flow guide ports 2120 and 2125, the outer wall 2127 of each layer of the water storage chamber 2129 and partition walls 2115 on two sides of the common aisle are provided with sewer pipes 2114 in an up-and-down crossed manner, the sewer pipes 2118 of the sewer pipes are positioned below the vent holes 2119, cleaner water flows into the corresponding water storage chambers 2129 from the water inlet main pipe 2121 and the water inlet pipes 2123, and flows smoothly in each layer of the water storage chambers 2129 in sequence, so that stored water resources are not deteriorated, and the water supply function is realized to the water supply plant 1418 through the water outlet valve 2104, the water outlet branch pipe 2103, the water outlet pipe 2102, the ventilation water outlet pipe 2101 and the control valve 2135. The bottom ends of partition walls 2115 on both sides of each layer of public walkway are provided with a water drain valve 2108, a water drain branch pipe 2107, a water drain header 2106 and a water drain pipe 2105 communicated with the ventilating water outlet pipe 2101, which play a role in closing a certain layer of water drain valve 2122 and opening a corresponding water drain valve 2108 to drain the stored water in a storage water chamber 2129, thus facilitating the cleaning of sludge and maintenance. A communicating pipe 2206 controlled by a communicating valve 2201 is arranged between the lower end of a partition 2115 at two sides of a public walkway of each layer of the water storage chamber 2129 of each layer and the air chamber at the top end of the lower layer of the corresponding , when a water inlet valve 2202 of a water inlet main pipe 2121 is closed to stop water supply, the corresponding communicating valve 2201 can be opened in sequence, so that the water storage of the reservoir at the floor is still kept in displacement flow and water is continuously supplied to a tap water plant 1418. Or an internal circulation displacement device which is shown in figure 21 and plays a role in the internal circulation displacement flow of the reservoir is arranged in the walkway below the bottom-layer public walkway, and the internal circulation displacement device consists of a water pump water inlet pipe 2142, a control valve 2141, a circulating water pump 2138, a circulating water pipe 2139, a valve 2140, a water inlet header pipe 2121, a water inlet valve 2122 and a water inlet pipe 2123, wherein the water pump water inlet pipe 2142 is connected with the ventilating water outlet pipe 2101; or an internal circulation water purification device 2137 is arranged, a water inlet of the internal circulation water purification device is connected with the ventilation water outlet pipe 2101 through a water return valve 2136 and a water return pipe 2134, a water outlet of the internal circulation water purification device is connected with a water inlet pipe 2142 of the water pump through a pipeline and a control valve 2143, and purified water can flow in an internal circulation manner, so that the stored water in the reservoir can be cleaned more and more. The reservoir of the floor side and the reservoir of the plane side and various container devices which are made according to the working principle and the similar structures of the reservoir and can store water resources without deterioration can be widely applied to various users which need to store a certain amount of water resources without deterioration.

The specific implementation and construction of the desert gobi rainwater collecting device and the arid grassland rainwater collecting device can obtain good effects: eliminating sand storm; in rainy season every year, approximately 117.6 billions of cubic meters of rainwater resources are obtained in desert gobi and arid grassland economic special communities, and water required by the life, water culture, industrial and agricultural production and environmental greening of residents of unit small town communities with approximately 5880 ten million of population can be supplied; the solar photovoltaic power generation amount which is greatly enriched is more than 16 trillion kilowatt-hour per year and is 2.25 times of 7.1111 trillion kilowatt-hour per year in China; the method can reduce the local ground surface temperature and air temperature, improve the relative humidity, can effectively induce the deep inflow of ocean warm and humid air flow of Indian ocean in the rainy season of summer to settle in a special small town economy area group of a Takrama dry desert unit, and effectively induce the deep inflow of ocean warm and humid air flow of southeast ocean in a special big desert Gobi economy area group and a special dry big grassland economy area group, thereby increasing the rainfall capacity, restoring the arid and extremely arid big desert Gobi into a semi-arid or semi-moist green ecological environment suitable for human living, and increasing about 18 hundred million acres of crop planting land of a greenhouse with self-prepared rainwater resources; the green ecological environment of a drought grassland is greatly improved, about 2.6 hundred million mu of feed planting bases of the greenhouse with the newly added self-prepared rainwater resources are added, and scarce available land resources and wealth are greatly increased for the country; and creates good conditions for developing extremely abundant mineral resources in the underground of the desert gobi and the arid grasslands in the future.

Economic and social benefits and significance

1. Effectively restrain and reduce natural disasters, restore and improve ecological environment: the natural disasters such as mountain floods, mountain landslides, debris flows, river floods and the like caused by the annual flood season in the rain-collecting mountain area can be effectively inhibited or reduced, and drought disasters in dry land and forest fires in mountain land caused by the annual drought season; the flood and drought disasters of the cultivated land of rivers along the river plain can be effectively eliminated, and the flood of the local rivers is divided; can thoroughly restore the Gobi of desert about 130.8 ten thousand square kilometers in northwest of China and improve the green ecological environment of arid grassland about 20 ten thousand square kilometers, and eliminate sand storm.

2. Scarce resources and wealth of the above-mentioned arable land with self-contained rainwater resources are greatly increased for the country. The cultivable land area in China is changed from the shortage of only 1.36 mu per capita to the abundance of about 4 mu per capita; the available water resource quantity in China is only 'poor' of about 423 cubic meters in the human year and 'poor' of about 780 cubic meters in the human year after the water resource quantity is increased; if water conservancy parties are used for the water conservancy, the amount of flood resources stored in the annual flood season is about 2 billion cubic meters, and the original reservoir stores about 6 billion cubic meters of flood, the amount of usable water resources in China per year reaches about 3.1 trillion cubic meters, and the amount of usable water resources per year rises to a 'rich' of 2060 cubic meters (about 1730 cubic meters for Americans). With abundant arable land resources, abundant available water resources and abundant renewable clean energy, China can produce extremely rich grains and other agricultural and sideline products by oneself, meet the needs of beautiful life required by people as much as possible, and can change the big agricultural country into a strong agricultural country.

3. The renewable clean energy source is greatly applied to the implementation and construction of the mountain rainwater collecting device for water conservancy, and a huge amount of biomass renewable energy can be obtained; the implementation and construction of the rainwater collecting device for the desert Gobi of water conservancy and the rainwater collecting device for the arid grassland can obtain solar photovoltaic power generation amount of more than 16 trillion kilowatt hours, make great contribution to carbon neutralization and zero emission of carbon, and provide powerful electric power support for a laser device and a electromagnetic device of national defense.

4. Eliminate urban and rural difference in the implementation construction of above-mentioned rainwater collection device for water conservancy, when the development to the land resource and the upgrading transformation to current farming land resource, just formed the rural small town economic zone or the rural small town economic zone of rural on-the-spot urbanization, realize agricultural "high-quality high-efficient", rural "suitable living industry" and peasant "rich abundance", eliminate urban and rural difference.

5. The implementation and construction of the rainwater collecting device for water conservancy can drive the development of the related upstream, middle and downstream industrial chains and the employment of hundreds of millions of people, and promote the sustainable development of the economy and the society of China and the great circulation of the domestic and international economy.

6. Compared with the traditional flower receptacle, the flower receptacle with the suction irrigation planting device with more unique charm is bound to become one of the most active industries in China and the world.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a rainwater collection device for water conservancy which characterized in that: the rain collecting mountain surface is divided into a plurality of surface elements which are approximately spiral annular surface elements or inclined annular surface elements correspondingly in each rain collecting mountain area in each water system drainage basin and the mountain rain collecting mountain surface which is used for directly storing needed rainwater resources in the flood season and is used for mountain forest planting, mountain forest fire extinguishing and dry land cultivation without water sources in the mountain area, or approximately spiral steps or inclined step surface elements which have small inner side inclination angles and can prevent excessive surface rainwater from flowing outwards are built on the surface elements, or a spiral terrace or inclined terrace surface elements, and the mountain rainwater collecting device is provided with a drainage groove for collecting the excessive surface rainwater of the corresponding surface elements and a reservoir for completely or partially storing the excessive surface rainwater of the surface elements; the rainwater collecting device comprises a spiral groove rainwater collecting device or an inclined groove rainwater collecting device which is respectively arranged on the surfaces of rain collecting hills with different gradients, or a bare-hill mountain spiral step rainwater collecting device or an inclined step rainwater collecting device, a slope mountain spiral step rainwater collecting device or an inclined step rainwater collecting device and a slope mountain spiral terrace or inclined terrace rainwater collecting device which are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the rain collecting hills with different gradients; the dry land inclined groove rainwater collecting device is arranged on a horizontal terrace without a water source or an inclined terrace surface element of the rain collecting mountain area; the method has the advantages that the natural disasters of mountain floods, river flood inundation, mountain landslides and debris flows in each rain collecting mountain area of each water system drainage basin in the annual flood season are effectively inhibited or reduced, the needed rainwater resources are directly stored for mountain forest planting, mountain forest fire extinguishing and dry land farming, and the local planted mountainous regions, rainwater resources and biomass renewable energy sources are optimally and microscopically configured.

2. A drainage gutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shape of the device is approximate to a spiral shape or an inclined shape; the slope surface elements are directly arranged on the spiral annular surface elements or the inclined surface elements of the mountain surfaces with various gradients and the inner sides of each dry land surface element, or are arranged on the inner sides of spiral steps or inclined steps with small inner side dip angles and spiral terraces or inclined terraces with small inner side dip angles; making a permanent structure from reinforced concrete; two sides of the drainage groove are mutually connected through reinforcing rib plates, the upper ends of the two sides are in an up-and-down step shape, and a barrier step consisting of a step-height barrier cover plate with a filter screen and a step-width barrier cover plate is laid and fastened on the upper end of the drainage groove; or adopting a roof tile overlapping embedded groove mode, prefabricating a member with a drainage groove shape U-shaped by reinforced concrete, embedding the embedded groove in the groove which is pre-dug and paved with the base through the cement concrete, and paving and fixing the barrier ladder at the upper ends of two sides of the groove; or a prefabricated reinforced concrete pipeline component with the barrier ladder is adopted and laid in the pre-digging drainage groove through a connecting pipe with the barrier ladder; in the drainage groove, a filtering pit with a filter screen cover plate and used for filtering fine sand grains and other impurities in the rainwater on the earth surface is discontinuously arranged; or the main drainage groove and the secondary drainage groove are arranged and are communicated with each other through an underground pipeline and a control valve, so that a channel network for draining, storing and supplying excessive rainwater on the surface of the mountain is formed; the drainage groove also has the functions of managing and fire-fighting channels of the mountain forest, filtering residual leaves and sand and stones carried in excessive surface rainwater, and preventing diseases caused by wild animals and mosquitoes entering the nests for reproduction; excessive surface rainwater on each surface element of each rain collecting mountain body in a flood season is respectively collected and flows into a corresponding drainage groove, all or part of the excessive surface rainwater is stored in a corresponding reservoir, the excessive surface rainwater flows to a water outlet at the tail end of the drainage groove along the corresponding drainage groove, or flows downwards into phase or other drainage grooves and other reservoirs through a channel net, enters into a corresponding ladder drainage groove with an upper ladder and a lower ladder, and is stored in a local water pool or a reservoir with unchanged water storage resources or a local brook river through a water collecting and filtering device and a water outlet pipe which are composed of a stainless steel wire filter screen and a partition plate with holes.

3. A reservoir according to claim 1 and claim 2, wherein: adopting waterproof reinforced concrete or stainless metal material or fireproof non-metal material to make permanent structure; the cross section is square or round, and a reinforcing rib plate is arranged in the cross section or in the cross section; the upper cavity of the upper end clapboard is provided with a filtering device consisting of a water inlet pipe, a stainless steel wire filter screen and a vortex groove, and silt and other impurities contained in surface rainwater flowing in from the corresponding drainage groove or pipeline are blocked in the vortex groove; the water inlet pipe is also used as a maintenance channel of the reservoir; a water pumping hole with a cover plate is arranged at the upper edge of the water storage tank, or the water is conveniently pumped to extinguish the forest fire; the bottom end of the reservoir is provided with a drain valve which is used for draining sludge or supplying water for mountain forest drip irrigation planting or draining the reservoir to store water completely at the height before flood season; the height position of the flood limiting water level of the reservoir is provided with a water drain valve, and the reservoir is adjusted to be above the flood limiting water level for water storage after flood or before rainstorm, or the reservoir provides a clean water source for the underground water infiltration device which increases the underground water storage amount of the local mountain, or the amount of the flowing spring water or the amount of the flowing mineral spring water.

4. A groundwater infiltration apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the device is a device which can permeate clean water into a mountain or other soil through the gravity of the water or the pressure of a water pump to increase the underground water storage capacity of the mountain or other soil, or increase the spring water quantity flowing out of the mountain or increase the mineral water quantity flowing out of the mountain; comprises a water tank for obtaining clean water and a penetration device for penetrating the clean water into a mountain or other soil; the water source of the water pool is from a reservoir or other water sources and flows into the upper water cavity of the water pool through a water inlet pipe, a water inlet valve and an automatic water inlet control device which are arranged on the cover plate of the water pool; the upper end of the filter is provided with a ventilating overflow pipe, a boss at the lower end of the filter is provided with a transverse clapboard with a plurality of small holes, and a fine filter device which is composed of a fine filter screen, fine stones and fine sands and has the fine filtering function is paved on the transverse clapboard; a sewage discharge device is arranged on the fine sand, and is formed by welding a sewage discharge pipe, a circular pipe with two sealed ends and a row of circular pipes with one sealed end and a plurality of small holes, so that a sewage discharge valve is opened completely, and the upper water cavity is drained through the sewage discharge pipe and the pipeline to discharge sludge; clean water stored in a water outlet cavity of the water tank is injected into a penetration device consisting of a sleeve and a filter element, wherein the sleeve and the filter element are made of stainless steel pipes, and the upper end of the penetration device is tightly pressed in a drilling hole of a mountain or the ground by the gravity of the water or the pressure of a water pump through a valve, a pipeline and an automatic water inlet control device; the annular groove with a plurality of small holes is arranged on the sleeve, so that the contact permeation area of the clean water and the mountain drill hole or the underground drill hole is increased; the filter element is composed of a stainless steel pipe welded with a stainless steel wire filter screen, the upper section of the stainless steel pipe is drilled with a plurality of small holes, the lower end of the stainless steel pipe is provided with a screw plug, and the stainless steel pipe is welded on the upper seat, so that foreign impurities are deposited at the lower end of the stainless steel pipe, and the foreign impurities are prevented from entering the annular groove to block the small holes.

5. The utility model provides a rainwater collection device for water conservancy which characterized in that: the plain farmland rainwater collecting device is arranged in plain farmland of rivers along rivers in each water system drainage basin, waterlogging is easy in the annual flood season, and drought is easy after the flood season, so that flood disasters of the plain farmland of the rivers along the rivers are eliminated, excessive surface rainwater of the plain farmland is stored in the flood season, flood diversion is performed for local rivers, and required rainwater resources and local river water resources are directly provided for the local plain farmland in the arid season, so that the plain farmland and the water resources thereof have the optimal micro configuration effect; in a plain farmland rainwater collection device, longitudinal highways and transverse highways embankments which are made of reinforced concrete and are about 1.5 to 3 meters higher than the highest water level of local river floods divide plain farmland into a plurality of unit farmland with large area; each unit farmland rainwater collecting device consists of drainage grooves arranged at two sides of a transverse highway and used for collecting excessive surface rainwater on the surface of a unit farmland, furrows in the farmland, a reservoir arranged below the transverse highway and used for storing the excessive surface rainwater on the unit farmland, a drain valve arranged at the bottom of the drainage grooves and an water pump arranged in the reservoir and put in from partition wall holes, or is provided with partition wall holes which are used for removing the excessive rainwater for paddy fields or fish ponds and also used for putting in water pumps and stainless steel meshes which prevent fish from escaping from the paddy fields or the fish ponds; a pipe gallery is arranged below a longitudinal road which is directly communicated with a river along a river road, wherein a water inlet and drainage main pipe which is directly communicated with the marginal hilly land of the plain farmland from the river and is provided with a side door cover for maintenance is laid, a water inlet of the main pipe is arranged at the position below the river surface of the local river in the minimum ecological flow state and is controlled by a gate valve, a water inlet and drainage branch pipe which is connected with the water inlet and drainage main pipe and is controlled by the valve and a reservoir water inlet and drainage pipe which is connected with the water inlet and drainage main pipe and is controlled by the reservoir water inlet and drainage valve are arranged below the transverse road, and a water inlet and drainage pipe network of the plain farmland is formed; the earthwork excavated from the reservoir, the pipe gallery, the water culture and living facilities and the small river channels in the water countryside or the earthwork moved from near hills are accumulated in the plowed land near a certain unit of the great path along the river to build a plateau type modern small town with rockery suitable for the centralized residence of local farmers.

6. The utility model provides a rainwater collection device for water conservancy which characterized in that: the device is a desert Gobi rainwater collecting device arranged in the northwest of China and a arid grassland rainwater collecting device arranged in a non-water-source arid grassland; almost all local rainwater resources and winter snow water resources are collected in the annual flood season, and are correspondingly and intensively stored in a reservoir in a local unit small town special area and a reservoir with unchangeable stored water resources, so that the requirements of local resident life, water culture, industrial and agricultural production and environment greening are met, the local land, the rainwater resources and renewable clean energy generated by solar photovoltaic and wind energy are optimally configured, and the local green ecological environment is recovered or improved; the grid-type longitudinal and transverse traffic road is used for dividing a desert Gobi and a drought grassland into a plurality of desert Gobi and drought grasslands which take a unit small town as the center and form a desert Gobi small town special area and a drought big grassland small town special area which are provided with a plurality of large-area units around the desert Gobi and the drought big grassland, and the grid-type longitudinal and transverse traffic road is specially used for solar photovoltaic and wind energy power generation, high-end desert planting industry and processing service industry, and solar photovoltaic and wind energy power generation, high-end animal husbandry and processing service industry; each unit desert gobi rainwater collecting device and each unit drought and grassland rainwater collecting device are controlled by a solar photovoltaic cell panel surface element and a slightly inclined solar glass plate surface element which are arranged on the roof of a metal truss of the greenhouse planting greenhouse and are used for solar photovoltaic power generation and rainwater collection, or a solar photovoltaic cell panel surface element and a corresponding drainage groove which are arranged on the metal truss which is supported on a metal bracket and rotates along with a rotating shaft and is controlled by a solar tracking device irradiated by a solar thread and is used for solar photovoltaic power generation and rainwater collection, or the solar photovoltaic cell panel surface element and the corresponding drainage groove which are arranged on a mountain body or the metal truss on the ground and are used for solar photovoltaic power generation and rainwater collection, the system comprises a drainage port, a sewer pipeline or a sewer metal hose, an underground pipeline, a reservoir arranged in a small unit town for storing rainwater and a reservoir for storing water resources without deterioration; a barrier filter screen which is parallel to the sunlight glass plate is arranged on a drainage groove on the roof of the greenhouse planting greenhouse, so that the dust removal and snow removal robot provided with the charging pile can run normally; each small unit town is also provided with a tap water plant, a residential building facility, an agricultural product processing factory, a sewage tank and a sewage treatment plant; the sewage is subjected to harmless treatment and meets the standard of secondary water resource, and is used for crop planting of greenhouse planting greenhouses with automatic irrigation and water-saving suction irrigation devices or plant lamps, greening planting of flower devices on small unit town buildings and two sides of traffic roads and cultivation of underground animals in farms through underground pipe networks.

7. A suction irrigation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: is an automatic irrigation and water-saving suction irrigation device with capillary phenomenon; comprises a suction irrigation device used in a suction irrigation planting device and a suction irrigation breeding device; the suction irrigation device consists of a sleeve which is arranged on the supporting plate and extends into the bottom end of the water source of the lower cavity container or into the water body below, and a suction irrigation element which is arranged in the sleeve and is made of pollution-free materials with capillary phenomenon or is sleeved with a soft spring and extends into the soil in the upper cavity container to provide water needed by the growth of plants or animals; the suction irrigation planting device consists of a suction irrigation device, an upper cavity container in which plants are planted, and a lower cavity container in which rainwater collected by raining or water injection is stored as a water source required by the plants for long-term growth or a lower water body which takes natural or artificial water as a water source required by the plants for long-term growth; the suction irrigation breeding device consists of a suction irrigation device, an upper cavity container which is used for breeding animals living underground and is provided with a cover plate, and a lower cavity container which is used for storing water sources needed for growing the animals for a long time by injecting water; the suction irrigation planting device can be widely applied to crop planting of Gobi, arid grassland and other lands and various planting greenhouses, flower planting for beautifying indoor environment and purifying indoor air, greening planting of urban forests, street and traffic highway sides, cities and towns and rural areas and buildings thereof, islands of islands, stone mountains, flower beds, rockery, cemetery, and flowers and other greening planting on other ground and water surfaces; the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the suction irrigation planting device are made of reinforced concrete, or plastic, or metal, or glass, or ceramic, or stone, or wood; the sleeve in the suction filling device plays the roles of supporting, positioning and protecting the suction filling element and generating unnecessary water evaporation in the lower cavity container; or the top end of the sleeve is provided with an elastic sealing ring for preventing soil from entering the sleeve; wherein the soft spring plays a role in protecting the suction irrigation element from being folded and damaged; the pipe orifice at the bottom end of the sleeve pipe immersed at the lowest water level of the water source is closed, and the upper section of the sleeve pipe is provided with a plurality of water inlet holes or a filter screen, so that sludge and impurities deposited at the bottom of the water source are prevented from entering the sleeve pipe to block the suction irrigation element; a filter screen for preventing mosquitoes from entering a water source for breeding is arranged in the lower cavity or is provided with a water overflow hole for keeping the highest water level of the water source, or an overflow pipe below an overflow port of an automatic control one-way valve for preventing the water source from evaporating; the upper cavity container is filled with various soils required by the growth of plants or animals, or soil-free sands and stones, or soil-free crushed organic plant fibers, or pollution-free chemical fibers or foamed plastics, or a mixture of the above, or soil-free suction irrigation elements extending into the upper cavity container; a cover plate of the suction irrigation culture device is provided with a small vent hole, a temperature controller of an upper cavity container and a feeding device of animal food; the surface of the soil of the suction irrigation planting device is paved with a layer of plastic film with small air holes, weeds are covered on the plastic film, then small cobblestones or small cement balls are paved, or small cement balls coated with non-absorbent foamed plastics are paved, or non-absorbent foamed plastic balls are paved firstly, then small cobblestones or small cement balls are paved, or a layer of stainless steel wire mesh is additionally fixed on the small cobblestones or the small cement balls, so that plants, the soil and the small cobblestones or the small cement balls are prevented from being blown away by strong wind and hurting a sewer pipe of a pedestrian, the heat preservation, the air permeability and the sun protection are realized, the water evaporation is reduced, the soil and the water are separated when rainstorm or extra heavy rainstorm occurs, and excessive rainwater on the surface flows into a lower cavity container through drainage with a filter screen and the air ventilation or flows into the lower cavity container to serve as a water source; in the upper cavity container, a cross beam integrated with the upper cavity body or a cross stainless steel bar integrated with the upper cavity body is arranged, so that the cross beam or the cross stainless steel bar which enables the root system of the plant to be crossed and rooted in the soil is formed, and the plant is prevented from being blown down by strong wind; the nutrient elements required by plant growth are provided by fertilizer particles mixed in soil, or nutrient solution dispersedly injected into the soil, or fertilizer particles or nutrient solution put into a water source of a lower cavity container from an air-vent sewer pipe or a sewer pipe; the nutrient elements required by the growth of the animals are provided by animal food mixed in the soil or put on the surface of the soil; on the supporting plate, there are many air holes which make the soil permeable, or there are air permeable water injection pipes with net cover and water level indicator which extend out of the soil surface or the cover plate surface; a filter screen is laid on the supporting plate, or a filter device consisting of the filter screen, sand and stone and a stainless steel wire net is laid on the supporting plate, so that the effects of keeping a water source clean and avoiding the mixing of soil and the sand and stone are achieved; the cavities of the suction irrigation planting device and the suction irrigation breeding device can be divided into an integral type and a split type, the split type upper cavity container is formed by an upper cavity and a supporting plate into a whole body, and the embedded bank is correspondingly embedded and fixed in an inner spigot of a flange of the lower cavity, or is correspondingly placed on a bracket component of the lower cavity, or is correspondingly placed on a cross beam of a strut of the lower cavity, or is correspondingly screwed in an external thread or an internal thread of the flange of the lower cavity; or the upper cavity container is combined, or the lower cavity container is combined, so that the planting device and the culture device can meet the requirements; the flower device with the suction irrigation planting device, which is matched with the planted plant, has various appearance structures and surface modifications, or has various appearance structures and surface modifications with the inner surface modification of the transparent lower cavity container and the middle sleeve pipe, so that the flower device has the functions of higher applicability, stronger taste and artistry.

8. The reservoir of claim 2 and claim 6, wherein: the water storage reservoir is a floor structure, each floor is provided with a water storage chamber for storing water resources, and under any operation working condition, the water is replaced and flowed by external clean water, or by internal circulation clean water, or by clean water generated by an internal circulation water purification device from top to bottom in sequence, so that the water storage resources are ensured not to be degraded; or a plane structure, each row is provided with a plurality of water storage chambers which are communicated with each other and provided with flow guide ports and store water resources, and under any operation working condition, the water storage reservoir is replaced and flows by external clean water, internal circulation clean water or clean water generated by an internal circulation water purifying device from beginning to end in sequence to ensure that the stored water resources are not degraded; the floor reservoir is composed of reservoir body, various pipelines and valves with different functions, circulating water pump, or internal circulating water purifier; the reservoir body consists of a foundation, a stand column, a cross beam, a floor slab, an outer wall, an inner partition wall, a roof, a public walkway, an up-down stair, an elevator passage and a roof greening table, and is integrally poured by reinforced concrete to form a permanent structure, so that the reservoir body has firm and anti-seismic structure and has the function of forming a plurality of layers and rows of water storage rooms; or the reservoir body is assembled by a metal container water storage chamber or assembled on a basic frame; the lower ends of the longitudinal inner partition walls and the partition walls on two sides of the public walkway of each layer are provided with inward-opened side door covers which play the roles of building and maintaining passages; except for an outer wall and a transverse inner partition wall, vent holes are formed in the longitudinal inner partition wall below the top surface of each row of water storage chambers, the vent holes in the upper ends of the partition walls on the two sides of a public walkway are communicated with an air filter at the top end of a vent water outlet pipe through a pipeline, an air chamber communicated with the external atmosphere is formed in the top of each water storage chamber, the maximum water pressure of the bottom of each layer of the outer wall, the partition walls on the two sides of the public walkway and a floor slab is only the water pressure at the water storage height of the water storage chamber in the layer, the water pressure load of the outer wall of a reservoir and the partition walls on the two sides of the public walkway is greatly reduced, the reservoir damage risk is avoided, the high-water-pressure large-type outer wall of a hydropower station and the partition wall structure on the two sides of the; the longitudinal inner partition wall of each row of the water storage chambers is correspondingly provided with a flow guide port, sewer pipes are arranged on the outer wall of the chamber of each row of the water storage and partition walls on two sides of the public walkway in an up-and-down crossed manner, the sewer pipes are positioned below the vent holes, cleaner water flows into the corresponding water storage chambers from the water inlet header pipe and the water inlet pipes of each row, and flows smoothly in the chambers of each row of the water storage in sequence, so that the stored water resources are not deteriorated, and the water is supplied to an waterworks through a water outlet valve, a pipeline, a ventilation water outlet pipe and a control valve thereof; the bottom ends of the partition walls on the two sides of each layer of public walkway are provided with a water drain valve and a water drain pipe communicated with the ventilating water outlet pipe, which play a role in closing a certain water drain valve on a certain layer and opening the corresponding water drain valve to drain the stored water in the water storage chamber, thereby facilitating the sludge cleaning and the maintenance; a communicating pipe controlled by a communicating valve is arranged between the lower end of each partition wall at two sides of the public walkway of each row of the water storage room and the corresponding air room at the top of the lower layer , and when the water inlet valve of the water inlet main pipe is closed and the water supply is stopped, the corresponding communicating valve can be opened in sequence to ensure that the stored water of the reservoir at the floor is still kept in displacement flow and continuously supplies water to a tap water plant; or an internal circulation displacement device which plays a role in internal circulation displacement flow of the reservoir is arranged in the walkway below the bottom public walkway and consists of a water pump inlet pipe, a control valve, a circulating water pump, a circulating water pipe, a valve, a water inlet header pipe, a water inlet valve and a water inlet pipe which are connected with the ventilating water outlet pipe; or an internal circulation water purification device is arranged, a water inlet of the internal circulation water purification device is connected with the ventilation water outlet pipe through a water return valve and a water return pipe, a water outlet of the internal circulation water purification device is connected with a water inlet pipe of the water pump through a pipeline and a control valve, and purified water participates in internal circulation flow exchange, so that the stored water in the reservoir is more and more clean; the reservoir of the floor side and the reservoir of the plane side and the container device which is made according to the working principle and the similar structure and can store water resources without deterioration can be widely applied to each user needing to store a certain amount of water resources without deterioration.

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