CN112915580A - Supercritical extraction method for effective components of Chinese herbal medicine - Google Patents
Supercritical extraction method for effective components of Chinese herbal medicine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112915580A CN112915580A CN202110037712.0A CN202110037712A CN112915580A CN 112915580 A CN112915580 A CN 112915580A CN 202110037712 A CN202110037712 A CN 202110037712A CN 112915580 A CN112915580 A CN 112915580A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0203—Solvent extraction of solids with a supercritical fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0215—Solid material in other stationary receptacles
- B01D11/0253—Fluidised bed of solid materials
- B01D11/0257—Fluidised bed of solid materials using mixing mechanisms, e.g. stirrers, jets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of Chinese herbal medicine extraction, in particular to a supercritical extraction method for effective components of Chinese herbal medicines. Set up broken stirring subassembly through the top at housing assembly, place including the chinese herbal medicine when the inside of casing, servo motor can drive the epaxial broken pole of rotation and carry out the breakage to the chinese herbal medicine in the interior casing for can not lead to the juice to run off when the chinese herbal medicine is broken, and the axis of rotation can drive first stirring flabellum and second stirring flabellum and stir in opposite directions when carrying out the breakage to chinese herbal medicine, make the chinese herbal medicine can be abundant mix with the extract.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Chinese herbal medicine extraction, in particular to a supercritical extraction method for effective components of Chinese herbal medicine.
Background
Supercritical is a supercritical fluid, which is a state between gas and liquid that is neither gaseous nor liquid, and can only exist when its temperature and pressure exceed the critical point. Supercritical fluids are denser and more liquid-like, and have a viscosity closer to that of gases. The solvent strength of the supercritical fluid depends on the temperature and pressure of extraction. By utilizing the characteristics, different components in a sample can be extracted sequentially according to the solubility in the fluid by only changing the pressure and the temperature of the extractant fluid, substances with weak polarity are extracted first under low pressure, and substances with larger polarity and large molecular weight and basic properties are extracted along with the increase of the pressure, so that the supercritical extraction is carried out under the program pressure to obtain different extracted components, and the separation effect can be realized. Therefore, the supercritical fluid is an ideal extracting agent. Supercritical fluid extraction is a novel extraction separation technology. It uses supercritical fluid, i.e. fluid in thermodynamic state with temperature higher than critical temperature and pressure higher than critical pressure, as extractant. Extracting specific components from liquid or solid to achieve the separation purpose.
When carrying out supercritical extraction to chinese herbal medicine active ingredient because the chinese herbal medicine is in the processing in order to improve the area of contact between chinese herbal medicine and the extractant, need carry out the breakage to chinese herbal medicine, when using crushing equipment to carry out the breakage to chinese herbal medicine, the inside juice of chinese herbal medicine can adhere partly on crushing jar and the inner wall that holds broken back chinese herbal medicine container, the active ingredient loss part of chinese herbal medicine can be carried to the juice that runs off, lead to making the extraction rate of chinese herbal medicine reduce, and current extractor is when carrying out the extraction to chinese herbal medicine, because the leakproofness between casing and the apron is not enough, can lead to the chinese herbal medicine active ingredient in the supercritical extraction process to lose along with the gas that leaks.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a supercritical extraction method for effective components of Chinese herbal medicines.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicines comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the Chinese herbal medicine and the supercritical fluid extraction agent in an inner shell of the extraction device, closing a cover plate, controlling a servo motor to start, wherein the servo motor can drive a rotating shaft to rotate when starting, the rotating shaft can drive a crushing rod, a first stirring fan blade, a second stirring fan blade and a rotating sleeve to rotate when rotating, the crushing rod can crush the Chinese herbal medicine in the inner shell when rotating, and the Chinese herbal medicine is crushed in the inner shell for extraction;
s2, simultaneously, a rotating sleeve in a pressurizing assembly in the extraction device can drive a rotating plate to rotate when rotating, the rotating plate can enable a push column at the bottom of the rotating plate to generate centrifugal force when rotating, the push column pushes a fan-shaped push plate to move towards a fixed plate, the fan-shaped push plate drives a pressure plate to extrude a pressurizing airbag through a push rod, the pressurizing airbag can convey gas into a pressurizing cavity through a first gas guide pipe when being extruded, redundant gas in the pressurizing cavity flows to the inside of an annular sealing airbag through a second gas guide pipe, the annular sealing airbag expands inside an annular half pipe, the outer wall of the expanded annular sealing airbag can be tightly attached to the outer wall of an external thread sleeve, and the sealing performance between the external thread sleeve and an inner shell and an outer shell is improved;
s3, after the extraction action of the extraction device in the S1 is finished, the effective components of the Chinese herbal medicine obtained by extraction are stored in a centralized way through a special container;
wherein, the extraction device used in S1 comprises a shell component, a crushing stirring component and a pressurizing component, the crushing stirring component is arranged above the shell component, the pressurizing component is arranged in the shell component, the shell component comprises an outer shell, an inner shell, an annular half pipe, an external thread sleeve, a cover plate and a feeding pipe, the inner shell is arranged in the outer shell, the annular half pipe is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the adjacent end of the inner shell and the outer shell, the external thread sleeve is inserted in the inner wall of the inner shell and the outer shell in a threaded manner, the top of the external thread sleeve extends out of the outer shell, the cover plate is fixedly connected at the end of the external thread sleeve extending out of the outer shell, the feeding pipe is fixedly communicated at the top of the cover plate, the crushing stirring component comprises a fixed frame, a servo motor, a rotating shaft, a crushing rod, a first stirring fan, the servo motor passes through fixed rack fixed connection at the top of apron, servo motor's output passes through shaft coupling fixedly connected with axis of rotation, the other end of axis of rotation passes the apron, just the axis of rotation is rotated with the apron and is connected, the one end that the axis of rotation passed the apron extends to the inside of interior casing, the axis of rotation extends to a plurality of crushing pole on the axle wall of the inside one end of interior casing, be provided with first stirring fan blade and second stirring fan blade between the crushing pole, first stirring fan blade and second stirring fan blade all with the axle wall fixed connection of axis of rotation, just first stirring fan blade and second stirring fan blade set up relatively, pressure boost subassembly includes rotor plate, rotating sleeve, first spacing spout, first spacing slider, first elastic spring, pushing ram, fan-shaped push pedal, fixed plate, push rod, second elastic spring, The pressure plate, the pressurization airbag, the first air duct, the first annular sealing plate, the second annular sealing plate, the pressurization cavity, the second air duct and the annular sealing airbag are arranged, the top of the rotation plate is fixedly connected with a rotation sleeve, the other end of the rotation sleeve penetrates through the inner shell, the rotation sleeve is rotatably connected with the inner shell, the bottom end of the rotation shaft is in sliding insertion connection with the inside of the rotation sleeve, a plurality of first limiting sliding grooves are formed in the bottom of the rotation plate at equal central angles, a first limiting sliding block is in sliding connection with the inside of the first limiting sliding grooves, one end of the first limiting sliding block is fixedly connected with a first elastic spring, the other end of the first elastic spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the first limiting sliding grooves, a push column is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first limiting sliding block, two fan-shaped push plates are arranged below the rotation plate, and a fixing plate is arranged on one side of, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the outer shell, a push rod is inserted in the fixed plate in a sliding mode, one end, penetrating through the fixed plate, of the push rod is fixedly connected with the fan-shaped push plate, a second elastic spring is sleeved on the rod wall of the push rod, two ends of the second elastic spring are fixedly connected with the fixed plate and the fan-shaped push plate respectively, one end, far away from the fan-shaped push plate, of the push rod is fixedly connected with a pressing plate, one side, far away from the push rod, of the pressing plate is provided with a pressurizing air bag, the pressurizing air bag is fixedly bonded with the inner wall of the outer shell, the top of the pressurizing air bag is fixedly communicated with a first air duct, a first annular sealing plate is arranged above the first air duct, the first annular sealing plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner shell and the inner wall of the outer shell, a second, be provided with the pressure boost chamber between second annular seal plate and the first annular seal plate, the one end that pressure boost gasbag was kept away from to first air duct runs through first annular seal plate and communicates with the pressure boost chamber, the top of second annular seal plate is run through to be pegged graft there is the second air duct, just second air duct and pressure boost chamber intercommunication, the other end of second air duct passes annular half-pipe, just the second air duct passes annular half-pipe's one end and the inside annular seal gasbag intercommunication that sets up of annular half-pipe.
Specifically, the bottom of the cover plate is fixedly connected with an annular sealing hoop, and the sealing hoop is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer shell.
Specifically, the servo motor is electrically connected with an external power supply through a PLC controller.
Specifically, a liquid drainage channel is formed in the bottom of the rotating sleeve, and the other end of the liquid drainage channel penetrates through the top of the rotating sleeve.
Specifically, a plurality of transmission insertion blocks are fixedly connected to the inner cylinder wall of the rotating sleeve at equal intervals, the rotating shaft is inserted into the shaft wall at one end inside the rotating sleeve, transmission insertion grooves matched with the transmission insertion blocks are formed in the shaft wall corresponding to the transmission insertion blocks, and the transmission insertion grooves are matched with the transmission insertion blocks.
Specifically, the bottom fixedly connected with second spacing slider of fan-shaped push pedal, the interior bottom of shell body corresponds second spacing slider and has seted up the spacing spout of second, the spacing spout of second sets up with the spacing slider phase-match of second.
Specifically, the both ends of pressure boost gasbag all are provided with the stopper, just the inner wall fixed connection of stopper and shell body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the supercritical extraction method for the effective components of the Chinese herbal medicines, the crushing and stirring assembly is arranged above the shell assembly, when the Chinese herbal medicines are placed in the inner shell, the servo motor can drive the crushing rod on the rotating shaft to crush the Chinese herbal medicines in the inner shell, so that juice loss is avoided when the Chinese herbal medicines are crushed, the rotating shaft can drive the first stirring fan blade and the second stirring fan blade to rotate while crushing the Chinese herbal medicines, and the first stirring fan blade and the second stirring fan blade are stirred in the inner shell in opposite directions, so that the Chinese herbal medicines can be fully mixed with the extraction liquid.
(2) The supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicine comprises the steps that when a rotating shaft in a crushing and stirring assembly drives a stirring fan blade and a crushing rod to rotate, the rotating shaft inserted in a rotating sleeve can also drive a rotating plate below an inner shell to rotate, the rotating plate can enable a push column at the bottom of the rotating plate to generate a centrifugal force when rotating, the push column pushes a fan-shaped push plate to move towards a fixed plate, the fan-shaped push plate drives a pressing plate to extrude a pressurizing airbag through a push rod, the pressurizing airbag can convey a certain volume of gas into a pressurizing cavity through a first gas guide pipe when being extruded, redundant gas in the pressurizing cavity flows to the inside of an annular sealing airbag through a second gas guide pipe, the annular sealing airbag expands in an annular half pipe, and the outer wall of the expanded annular sealing airbag can be tightly attached to the outer wall of an external thread sleeve, the sealing performance between the external thread sleeve and the inner shell and between the external thread sleeve and the outer shell is improved, so that the sealing performance inside the inner shell is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an extraction apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an extraction apparatus used in the present invention in use;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken in the direction of A-A in FIG. 1 of an extraction apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken in the direction B-B in FIG. 2 of an extraction apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion C of the extraction apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion D of the extraction apparatus used in the present invention in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the method steps of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a housing assembly; 11. an outer housing; 12. an inner housing; 13. an annular half pipe; 14. an externally threaded sleeve; 15. a cover plate; 16. a feed pipe; 2. a crushing and stirring component; 21. fixing the frame; 22. a servo motor; 23. a rotating shaft; 24. a breaking bar; 25. a first stirring fan blade; 26. a second stirring fan blade; 27. a transmission slot; 3. a pressurizing assembly; 31. a rotating plate; 32. rotating the sleeve; 33. a transmission insert block; 34. a liquid discharge channel; 35. a first limiting chute; 36. a first limit slide block; 37. a first elastic spring; 38. pushing the column; 39. a fan-shaped push plate; 310. a fixing plate; 311. a push rod; 312. a second elastic spring; 313. a second limit slide block; 314. a second limiting chute; 315. pressing a plate; 316. a pressurizing air bag; 317. a first air duct; 318. a first annular seal plate; 319. a second annular seal plate; 320. a pressurizing cavity; 321. a second air duct; 322. the annular sealing air bag.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-7, the supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicine of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the Chinese herbal medicine and the supercritical fluid extraction agent in an inner shell of the extraction device, closing a cover plate, controlling a servo motor to start, wherein the servo motor can drive a rotating shaft to rotate when starting, the rotating shaft can drive a crushing rod, a first stirring fan blade, a second stirring fan blade and a rotating sleeve to rotate when rotating, the crushing rod can crush the Chinese herbal medicine in the inner shell when rotating, and the Chinese herbal medicine is crushed in the inner shell for extraction;
s2, simultaneously, a rotating sleeve in a pressurizing assembly in the extraction device can drive a rotating plate to rotate when rotating, the rotating plate can enable a push column at the bottom of the rotating plate to generate centrifugal force when rotating, the push column pushes a fan-shaped push plate to move towards a fixed plate, the fan-shaped push plate drives a pressure plate to extrude a pressurizing airbag through a push rod, the pressurizing airbag can convey gas into a pressurizing cavity through a first gas guide pipe when being extruded, redundant gas in the pressurizing cavity flows to the inside of an annular sealing airbag through a second gas guide pipe, the annular sealing airbag expands inside an annular half pipe, the outer wall of the expanded annular sealing airbag can be tightly attached to the outer wall of an external thread sleeve, and the sealing performance between the external thread sleeve and an inner shell and an outer shell is improved;
s3, after the extraction action of the extraction device in the S1 is finished, the effective components of the Chinese herbal medicine obtained by extraction are stored in a centralized way through a special container;
wherein, the extraction device that uses in S1 includes casing subassembly 1, broken stirring subassembly 2 and pressure boost subassembly 3, broken stirring subassembly 2 sets up the top at casing subassembly 1, pressure boost subassembly 3 sets up the inside at casing subassembly 1, casing subassembly 1 includes shell body 11, interior casing 12, annular half pipe 13, external screw thread sleeve 14, apron 15 and inlet pipe 16 and constitutes, interior casing 12 sets up the inside at shell body 11, fixedly connected with annular half pipe 13 on the outer wall of the adjacent one end of interior casing 12 and shell body 11, threaded plug has external screw thread sleeve 14 on the inner wall of interior casing 12 and shell body 11, the top of external screw thread sleeve 14 extends shell body 11, just external screw thread sleeve 14 extends the one end fixedly connected with apron 15 of shell body 11, the fixed intercommunication of the top of apron 15 has inlet pipe 16, broken stirring subassembly 2 includes fixed frame 21, Servo motor 22, axis of rotation 23, broken pole 24, first stirring fan blade 25 and second stirring fan blade 26 constitute, servo motor 22 passes through fixed frame 21 fixed connection at the top of apron 15, shaft coupling fixedly connected with axis of rotation 23 is passed through to servo motor 22's output, the other end of axis of rotation 23 passes apron 15, just axis of rotation 23 rotates with apron 15 to be connected, the one end that axis of rotation 23 passed apron 15 extends to the inside of interior casing 12, axis of rotation 23 extends to fixedly connected with a plurality of broken pole 24 on the axle wall of the inside one end of interior casing 12, be provided with first stirring fan blade 25 and second stirring fan blade 26 between the broken pole 24, first stirring fan blade 25 and second stirring fan blade 26 all with the axle wall fixed connection of axis of rotation 23, just first stirring fan blade 25 and second stirring fan blade 26 set up relatively, the servo motor 22 can drive the crushing rod 24 on the rotating shaft 23 to crush the Chinese herbal medicine in the inner casing 12, so that the Chinese herbal medicine is not lost when being crushed, the rotating shaft 23 can drive the first stirring blade 25 and the second stirring blade 26 to rotate while crushing the Chinese herbal medicine, the first stirring blade 25 and the second stirring blade 26 stir the Chinese herbal medicine in the inner casing 12 in opposite directions, so that the Chinese herbal medicine can be fully mixed with the extract liquid, the pressurizing assembly 3 comprises a rotating plate 31, a rotating sleeve 32, a first limiting chute 35, a first limiting slide block 36, a first elastic spring 37, a pushing column 38, a fan-shaped pushing plate 39, a fixing plate 310, a pushing rod 311, a second elastic spring 312, a pressing plate 315, a pressurizing air bag 316, a first 317, a first annular sealing plate 318, a second annular sealing plate 319, a pressurizing cavity 320, a second air duct 321 and an annular sealing air bag 322, the top of the rotating plate 31 is fixedly connected with a rotating sleeve 32, the other end of the rotating sleeve 32 penetrates through the inner shell 12, the rotating sleeve 32 is rotatably connected with the inner shell 12, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 23 is inserted into the rotating sleeve 32 in a sliding manner, a plurality of first limiting sliding grooves 35 are formed in the bottom of the rotating plate 31 at equal central angles, a first limiting sliding block 36 is slidably connected inside the first limiting sliding grooves 35, one end of the first limiting sliding block 36 is fixedly connected with a first elastic spring 37, the other end of the first elastic spring 37 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the first limiting sliding grooves 35, the bottom of the first limiting sliding block 36 is fixedly connected with a push column 38, two fan-shaped push plates 39 are arranged below the rotating plate 31, one side of the fan-shaped push plates 39, which is far away from the push column 38, is provided with a fixing plate 310, and the fixing plate 310 is fixedly connected with the inner bottom, a push rod 311 is inserted and connected onto the fixing plate 310 in a sliding manner, one end of the push rod 311 penetrating through the fixing plate 310 is fixedly connected with the fan-shaped push plate 39, a second elastic spring 312 is sleeved on the rod wall of the push rod 311, two ends of the second elastic spring 312 are fixedly connected with the fixing plate 310 and the fan-shaped push plate 39 respectively, one end of the push rod 311 far away from the fan-shaped push plate 39 is fixedly connected with a press plate 315, one side of the press plate 315 far away from the push rod 311 is provided with a pressurizing air bag 316, the pressurizing air bag 316 is fixedly bonded with the inner wall of the outer shell 11, the top of the pressurizing air bag 316 is fixedly communicated with a first air duct 317, a first annular sealing plate 318 is arranged above the first air duct 317, the first annular sealing plate 318 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner shell 12 and the inner wall of the outer, the second annular sealing plate 319 and the outer wall of the inner shell 12 and the inner wall of the outer shell 11 are both fixedly connected, a pressurizing cavity 320 is arranged between the second annular sealing plate 319 and the first annular sealing plate 318, one end, far away from the pressurizing airbag 316, of the first air duct 317 penetrates through the first annular sealing plate 318 and is communicated with the pressurizing cavity 320, a second air duct 321 is inserted into the top of the second annular sealing plate 319 in a penetrating manner, the second air duct 321 is communicated with the pressurizing cavity 320, the other end of the second air duct 321 penetrates through the annular half pipe 13, one end, penetrating through the annular half pipe 13, of the second air duct 321 is communicated with an annular sealing airbag 322 arranged inside the annular half pipe 13, when the rotating shaft 23 in the crushing stirring assembly 2 drives the stirring blades and the crushing rod 24 to rotate, the rotating shaft 23 inserted into the rotating sleeve 32 can also drive the rotating plate 31 below the inner shell 12 to rotate, the rotating plate 31 can enable the pushing column 38 at the bottom of the rotating plate to generate a centrifugal force when rotating, the pushing column 38 pushes the fan-shaped pushing plate 39 to move towards the fixing plate 310, the fan-shaped pushing plate 39 drives the pressing plate 315 to extrude the pressurizing airbag 316 through the pushing rod 311, the pressurizing airbag 316 can convey a certain volume of gas into the pressurizing cavity 320 through the first gas guide pipe 317 when being extruded, redundant gas in the pressurizing cavity 320 flows to the inside of the annular sealing airbag 322 through the second gas guide pipe 321, the annular sealing airbag 322 expands inside the annular half pipe 13, the outer wall of the expanded annular sealing airbag 322 can be tightly attached to the outer wall of the external thread sleeve 14, and the sealing performance between the external thread sleeve 14 and the inner shell 12 and the outer shell 11 is improved.
Specifically, the bottom of the cover plate 15 is fixedly connected with an annular sealing hoop, and the sealing hoop is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer shell 11, so that the connection effect between the cover plate 15 and the outer shell 11 is better.
Specifically, servo motor 22 passes through PLC controller and external power supply electric connection, and TB6600 type PLC controller can effectual control servo motor 22's rotational speed and turn to, can effectually ensure that the device can normally drive.
Specifically, the bottom of the rotating sleeve 32 is provided with a liquid drainage channel 34, and the other end of the liquid drainage channel 34 penetrates through the top of the rotating sleeve 32, the liquid drainage channel 34 can effectively enable the rotating shaft 23 to be inserted into the rotating sleeve 32, and the liquid inside the rotating sleeve 32 can be drained to the inside of the inner shell 12 through the liquid drainage channel 34.
Specifically, a plurality of transmission inserted block 33 of equidistant fixedly connected with on the inner tube wall of rotation sleeve 32, just rotation axis 23 pegs graft and corresponds transmission inserted block 33 and set up the transmission slot 27 of looks adaptation on the axle wall of the inside one end of rotation sleeve 32, just transmission slot 27 sets up with transmission inserted block 33 phase-match, and transmission inserted block 33 pegs graft when the inside of transmission slot 27, and rotation axis 23 can be connected with rotation sleeve 32 for rotation axis 23 can drive rotation sleeve 32 and rotate when rotating.
Specifically, the bottom fixedly connected with second limiting sliding block 313 of fan-shaped push plate 39, the inner bottom of outer shell 11 has been seted up second limiting sliding groove 314 corresponding to second limiting sliding block 313, second limiting sliding groove 314 sets up with second limiting sliding block 313 phase-match, and fan-shaped push plate 39 can drive second limiting sliding block 313 and slide in the inside of second limiting sliding groove 314 when sliding along push rod 311, and second limiting sliding block 313 can make fan-shaped push plate 39 more stable when removing when sliding in the inside of second limiting sliding groove 314.
Specifically, both ends of the pressurizing airbag 316 are provided with limiting blocks, and the limiting blocks are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer shell 11, so that the limiting blocks can effectively prevent the pressurizing airbag 316 from expanding towards both ends when being extruded by the pressing plate 315, and the pressurizing airbag 316 can effectively convey air pressure to the inside of the pressurizing cavity 320.
When the device is used, Chinese herbal medicines and a supercritical fluid extractant are placed in the inner shell 12, the cover plate 15 is closed, the servo motor 22 is controlled to be started through TB6600 type PLC control, the servo motor 22 can drive the rotating shaft 23 to rotate when being started, the rotating shaft 23 can drive the crushing rod 24, the first stirring fan blade 25, the second stirring fan blade 26 and the rotating sleeve 32 to rotate when rotating, the crushing rod 24 can crush the Chinese herbal medicines in the inner shell 12 when rotating, the Chinese herbal medicines are crushed in the inner shell 12 for extraction, so that juice loss can not be caused when the Chinese herbal medicines are crushed, the first stirring fan blade 25 and the second stirring fan blade 26 are stirred in the inner shell 12 in opposite directions, so that the Chinese herbal medicines can be fully mixed with an extraction liquid, the rotating sleeve 32 can drive the rotating plate 31 to rotate, and the rotating plate 31 can enable the pushing column 38 at the bottom of the rotating plate 31 to generate a centrifugal force when rotating, the push column 38 pushes the fan-shaped push plate 39 to move towards the fixing plate 310, the fan-shaped push plate 39 drives the pressing plate 315 to extrude the pressurizing airbag 316 through the push rod 311, the pressurizing airbag 316 can convey gas with a certain volume into the pressurizing cavity 320 through the first air duct 317 when being extruded, redundant gas in the pressurizing cavity 320 flows through the second air duct 321 to the inside of the annular sealing airbag 322, the annular sealing airbag 322 expands in the inside of the annular half pipe 13, the outer wall of the expanded annular sealing airbag 322 can be tightly attached to the outer wall of the external thread sleeve 14, and the sealing performance between the external thread sleeve 14 and the inner shell 12 and the outer shell 11 is improved.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions given above are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A supercritical extraction method for effective components of Chinese herbal medicines is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the Chinese herbal medicine and the supercritical fluid extraction agent in an inner shell of the extraction device, closing a cover plate, controlling a servo motor to start, wherein the servo motor can drive a rotating shaft to rotate when starting, the rotating shaft can drive a crushing rod, a first stirring fan blade, a second stirring fan blade and a rotating sleeve to rotate when rotating, the crushing rod can crush the Chinese herbal medicine in the inner shell when rotating, and the Chinese herbal medicine is crushed in the inner shell for extraction;
s2, simultaneously, a rotating sleeve in a pressurizing assembly in the extraction device can drive a rotating plate to rotate when rotating, the rotating plate can enable a push column at the bottom of the rotating plate to generate centrifugal force when rotating, the push column pushes a fan-shaped push plate to move towards a fixed plate, the fan-shaped push plate drives a pressure plate to extrude a pressurizing airbag through a push rod, the pressurizing airbag can convey gas into a pressurizing cavity through a first gas guide pipe when being extruded, redundant gas in the pressurizing cavity flows to the inside of an annular sealing airbag through a second gas guide pipe, the annular sealing airbag expands inside an annular half pipe, the outer wall of the expanded annular sealing airbag can be tightly attached to the outer wall of an external thread sleeve, and the sealing performance between the external thread sleeve and an inner shell and an outer shell is improved;
s3, after the extraction action of the extraction device in the S1 is finished, the effective components of the Chinese herbal medicine obtained by extraction are stored in a centralized way through a special container;
the extraction device used in the S1 comprises a shell assembly (1), a crushing and stirring assembly (2) and a pressurizing assembly (3), wherein the crushing and stirring assembly (2) is arranged above the shell assembly (1), and the pressurizing assembly (3) is arranged inside the shell assembly (1);
the shell assembly (1) comprises an outer shell (11), an inner shell (12), an annular half pipe (13), an external thread sleeve (14), a cover plate (15) and a feeding pipe (16), wherein the inner shell (12) is arranged inside the outer shell (11), the annular half pipe (13) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end, adjacent to the inner shell (12) and the outer shell (11), of the inner shell (12) and the inner wall of the outer shell (11) in a threaded insertion mode, the external thread sleeve (14) is inserted into the inner wall of the inner shell (12), the top of the external thread sleeve (14) extends out of the outer shell (11), the cover plate (15) is fixedly connected to one end, extending out of the outer shell (11), of the external thread sleeve (14), and the feeding pipe (;
the crushing and stirring assembly (2) comprises a fixed frame (21), a servo motor (22), a rotating shaft (23), a crushing rod (24), a first stirring fan blade (25) and a second stirring fan blade (26), the servo motor (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the cover plate (15) through the fixed frame (21), the output end of the servo motor (22) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (23) through a shaft coupler, the other end of the rotating shaft (23) penetrates through the cover plate (15), the rotating shaft (23) is rotatably connected with the cover plate (15), one end of the rotating shaft (23) penetrating through the cover plate (15) extends to the inside of the inner shell (12), the rotating shaft (23) extends to the shaft wall of one end of the inside of the inner shell (12) and is fixedly connected with a plurality of crushing rods (24), and the first stirring fan blade (25) and the second stirring fan blade (26) are arranged between the crushing rods (24), the first stirring fan blade (25) and the second stirring fan blade (26) are both fixedly connected with the shaft wall of the rotating shaft (23), and the first stirring fan blade (25) and the second stirring fan blade (26) are oppositely arranged;
the pressurizing assembly (3) comprises a rotating plate (31), a rotating sleeve (32), a first limiting sliding groove (35), a first limiting sliding block (36), a first elastic spring (37), a push column (38), a fan-shaped push plate (39), a fixing plate (310), a push rod (311), a second elastic spring (312), a pressing plate (315), a pressurizing air bag (316), a first air duct (317), a first annular sealing plate (318), a second annular sealing plate (319), a pressurizing cavity (320), a second air duct (321) and an annular sealing air bag (322), the top of the rotating plate (31) is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve (32), the other end of the rotating sleeve (32) penetrates through the inner shell (12), the rotating sleeve (32) is rotatably connected with the inner shell (12), and the bottom end of the rotating shaft (23) is slidably inserted into the rotating sleeve (32), the bottom of the rotating plate (31) is provided with a plurality of first limiting sliding grooves (35) at equal central angles, the first limiting sliding grooves (35) are connected with first limiting sliding blocks (36) in a sliding manner, one end of each first limiting sliding block (36) is fixedly connected with a first elastic spring (37), the other end of each first elastic spring (37) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of each first limiting sliding groove (35), the bottom of each first limiting sliding block (36) is fixedly connected with a push column (38), two fan-shaped push plates (39) are arranged below the rotating plate (31), one sides, far away from the push columns (38), of the fan-shaped push plates (39) are provided with fixing plates (310), the fixing plates (310) are fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the outer shell (11), push rods (311) are slidably inserted into the fixing plates (310), and the push rods (311) penetrate through one ends of the fixing plates (310) and are fixedly connected with the fan-shaped push plates (39), the wall of the push rod (311) is sleeved with a second elastic spring (312), two ends of the second elastic spring (312) are fixedly connected with the fixing plate (310) and the fan-shaped push plate (39) respectively, one end, far away from the fan-shaped push plate (39), of the push rod (311) is fixedly connected with a pressing plate (315), one side, far away from the push rod (311), of the pressing plate (315) is provided with a pressurizing air bag (316), the pressurizing air bag (316) is fixedly bonded with the inner wall of the outer shell (11), the top of the pressurizing air bag (316) is fixedly communicated with a first air duct (317), a first annular sealing plate (318) is arranged above the first air duct (317), the first annular sealing plate (318) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner shell (12) and the inner wall of the outer shell (11), and a second annular sealing plate (319) is arranged above the first annular sealing plate (318, the outer wall of second annular sealing plate (319) and interior casing (12) and the inner wall of shell body (11) are fixed connection, be provided with pressure boost chamber (320) between second annular sealing plate (319) and first annular sealing plate (318), the one end that pressure boost gasbag (316) were kept away from in first air duct (317) runs through first annular sealing plate (318) and communicates with pressure boost chamber (320), the top of second annular sealing plate (319) is run through the grafting and is had second air duct (321), just second air duct (321) and pressure boost chamber (320) communicate, annular half pipe (13) is passed to the other end of second air duct (321), just second air duct (321) pass the one end of annular half pipe (13) and the inside annular seal gasbag (322) that set up of annular half pipe (13) intercommunication.
2. The supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the cover plate (15) is fixedly connected with an annular sealing hoop, and the sealing hoop is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer shell (11).
3. The supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the servo motor (22) is electrically connected with an external power supply through a PLC controller.
4. The supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the rotating sleeve (32) is provided with a liquid drainage channel (34), and the other end of the liquid drainage channel (34) penetrates through the top of the rotating sleeve (32).
5. The supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner cylinder wall of the rotating sleeve (32) is fixedly connected with a plurality of transmission insertion blocks (33) at equal intervals, the rotating shaft (23) is inserted into the shaft wall of one end of the inner portion of the rotating sleeve (32) and provided with transmission insertion slots (27) matched with the transmission insertion blocks (33) correspondingly, and the transmission insertion slots (27) are matched with the transmission insertion blocks (33).
6. The supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the fan-shaped push plate (39) is fixedly connected with a second limiting sliding block (313), the inner bottom of the outer shell (11) is provided with a second limiting sliding groove (314) corresponding to the second limiting sliding block (313), and the second limiting sliding groove (314) is matched with the second limiting sliding block (313).
7. The supercritical extraction method of effective components of Chinese herbal medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: both ends of the pressurizing air bag (316) are provided with limiting blocks, and the limiting blocks are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer shell (11).
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| CN114130058A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-04 | 云南鸿翔圣琪儿科技有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating jaundice, preparation method and preparation equipment thereof |
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