CN112899520B - Powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112899520B CN112899520B CN202110045967.1A CN202110045967A CN112899520B CN 112899520 B CN112899520 B CN 112899520B CN 202110045967 A CN202110045967 A CN 202110045967A CN 112899520 B CN112899520 B CN 112899520B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/023—Composite materials containing carbon and carbon fibres or fibres made of carbonizable material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0052—Carbon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0086—Moulding materials together by application of heat and pressure
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of friction materials, and discloses a powder metallurgy friction material, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of flaky graphite and 4-6 parts of granular graphite. The powder metallurgy friction material contains the flaky graphite and the granular graphite in a specific ratio, and the flaky graphite and the granular graphite are combined, so that the mechanical property, the friction and the abrasion performance of the material are improved, and the problems that the material is easy to fall off, block falls off and abrasion is aggravated due to a bridging effect caused by singly using the flaky graphite in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction materials, in particular to a powder metallurgy friction material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the technology of the railway transportation industry in China, the number of inter-city trains, motor trains and high-speed rail trains increases year by year, the corresponding middle and high-load train braking devices and brake pad friction materials are more and more applied, and meanwhile, the safety and the stability of the braking devices are also extremely important. The brake pad friction material can ensure the braking reliability and stability only by meeting the requirements of corresponding mechanical property and friction and abrasion performance.
The powder metallurgy friction material is a composite material prepared by adding a lubricating component and a friction component into a matrix and adopting a powder metallurgy process. The material has the advantages of high and stable friction coefficient, good wear resistance, excellent heat conductivity, high strength, and stable and reliable operation when used in medium and high load carrying equipment.
At present, in the conventional powder metallurgy friction material, the graphite used is flake graphite, the granularity of the graphite is 100-200 meshes, the bridging effect among material particles is easily caused due to high content of the graphite, the interface bonding strength between the graphite and a substrate is low, the particles are easily fallen off due to the action of shearing force in the friction process, and the phenomena of block falling, aggravation of abrasion, unstable performance and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a powder metallurgy friction material that solves one or more of the problems of the prior art and provides at least one of the advantages of the present invention.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of flaky graphite and 4-6 parts of granular graphite.
Preferably, the feed also comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 51-63 parts of copper powder, 10-17 parts of iron powder, 1-3 parts of tin powder, 0.5-1 part of molybdenum disulfide, 2-3 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-5 parts of zirconite, 0.5-1.5 parts of boron carbide and 7-10 parts of ferrochrome.
Preferably, the raw material components have the following size specifications respectively: copper powder: 50-200 mesh, iron powder: 50-200 mesh, tin powder: flake graphite of 50 to 200 mesh: 30-80 mesh, granular graphite: 30-100 mesh, zircon: 40-70 meshes, ferrochrome: 60 to 120 meshes.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, manually and primarily mixing copper powder, iron powder, tin powder, molybdenum disulfide, aluminum oxide, zirconite, boron carbide, ferrochrome and lubricating oil, putting the mixture into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 1-3 hours to obtain a mixed material A, adding flaky graphite and granular graphite into the mixed material A, and continuously mixing for 8-10 hours to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, pressing the mixed material B to obtain a pressed blank;
and S3, placing the pressed compact into a graphite mold, fixing the pressed compact into a shape, sintering the pressed compact in a bell-type pressure sintering furnace, and cooling to obtain the powder metallurgy friction material. The pressed compact is arranged in a graphite die for pressure sintering, so that the product is pressed in all directions in the sintering process, namely, the product is pressed in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction simultaneously, the shape of the pressed compact is not limited in the traditional sintering process, the pressing mode is longitudinal pressing, and the overall strength of the product is improved compared with the traditional sintering process.
Preferably, in S1, the lubricating oil accounts for 0.5-0.7% of the mixed material A by mass.
Preferably, in S2, the pressing pressure is 300-500 MPa.
Preferably, in S3, the sintering conditions are: the sintering temperature is 870-900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-3 hours, and the sintering pressure is 1.5-2 Mpa.
Preferably, in S3, the atmosphere used in the sintering process is liquid ammonia decomposition gas or pure hydrogen.
Preferably, in S3, the specific process of cooling is as follows: and after the sintering heat preservation is finished, still keeping the pressure and reducing the temperature to 600-650 ℃ along with the furnace, then removing the sintering furnace cover, adding a cooling water jacket for water cooling, and discharging the sintered material from the furnace until the temperature is reduced to below 80 ℃.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the powder metallurgy friction material in the preparation of the brake pad of the high-speed train.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the powder metallurgy friction material contains the flaky graphite and the granular graphite in a specific ratio, and the flaky graphite and the granular graphite are combined, so that the mechanical property, the friction and the abrasion performance of the material are improved, and the problems that the material is easy to fall off, block falls off and abrasion is aggravated due to a bridging effect caused by singly using the flaky graphite in the prior art are solved.
2. According to the powder metallurgy friction material, boron carbide and ferrochrome are adopted to replace part of aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, so that the consumption of the aluminum oxide and the silicon dioxide is reduced compared with that of the traditional powder metallurgy friction material, the cost is reduced, and the mechanical property requirement can be met.
3. The preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material is simple, low in production cost and suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts of copper powder, 15 parts of iron powder, 6 parts of flaky graphite, 5 parts of granular graphite, 2 parts of tin powder, 0.8 part of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of aluminum oxide, 4 parts of zirconite, 1 part of boron carbide and 8 parts of ferrochrome.
The specifications of the raw material components are respectively as follows: copper powder: 180 mesh, ironPowder: 180 meshes and tin powder: 180 mesh, flaky graphite: 55 mesh, granular graphite: 65 mesh, zircon: 55 mesh, ferrochromium: 90 mesh, 70 parts of alumina#Boron carbide 60#。
The preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following steps:
s1, manually and primarily mixing copper powder, iron powder, tin powder, molybdenum disulfide, aluminum oxide, zirconite, boron carbide, ferrochrome and lubricating oil, putting the mixture into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 2 hours to obtain a mixed material A, adding flaky graphite and granular graphite into the mixed material A, and continuously mixing for 9 hours to obtain a mixed material B; the lubricating oil accounts for 0.6 percent of the mixed material A by mass;
s2, pressing the mixed material B under the unit pressing pressure of 400MPa to obtain a pressed blank;
and S3, placing the pressed compact into a graphite mold, sintering in a bell-type pressure sintering furnace at the sintering temperature of 880 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, keeping the sintering pressure at 1.8Mpa, and taking the sintering atmosphere as liquid ammonia decomposition gas, after sintering and keeping the temperature, keeping the pressure, cooling to 620 ℃ along with the furnace, removing the sintering furnace cover, adding a cooling water jacket, performing water cooling until the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃, and discharging to obtain the powder metallurgy friction material.
Example 2
A powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 51 parts of copper powder, 10 parts of iron powder, 5 parts of flaky graphite, 4 parts of granular graphite, 1 part of tin powder, 0.5 part of molybdenum disulfide, 2 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of zirconite, 0.5 part of boron carbide and 7 parts of ferrochrome.
The specifications of the raw material components are respectively as follows: copper powder: 50 mesh, iron powder: 50 meshes, tin powder: 50-mesh, flaky graphite: 30-mesh, granular graphite: 30-mesh, zircon: 40 mesh, ferrochromium: 60 mesh, 70 parts of alumina#Boron carbide 60#。
The preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following steps:
s1, manually and primarily mixing copper powder, iron powder, tin powder, molybdenum disulfide, aluminum oxide, zirconite, boron carbide, ferrochrome and lubricating oil uniformly, putting the mixture into a V-shaped mixer to mix for 1 hour to obtain a mixed material A, adding flaky graphite and granular graphite into the mixed material A, and continuously mixing for 8 hours to obtain a mixed material B; the lubricating oil accounts for 0.5 percent of the mixed material A by mass;
s2, pressing the mixed material B under the unit pressing pressure of 300MPa to obtain a pressed blank;
and S3, placing the pressed compact into a graphite mold, sintering in a bell-type pressure sintering furnace at the sintering temperature of 870 ℃ for 1 hour, keeping the sintering pressure at 1.5Mpa, wherein the sintering atmosphere is pure hydrogen, keeping the pressure to be reduced to 600 ℃ along with the furnace after the sintering and heat preservation are finished, removing the sintering furnace cover, adding a cooling water jacket for water cooling, and discharging the sintered compact from the furnace until the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ to obtain the powder metallurgy friction material.
Example 3
A powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 63 parts of copper powder, 17 parts of iron powder, 7 parts of flaky graphite, 6 parts of granular graphite, 3 parts of tin powder, 1 part of molybdenum disulfide, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 5 parts of zirconite, 1.5 parts of boron carbide and 10 parts of ferrochrome.
The specifications of the raw material components are respectively as follows: copper powder: 200 mesh, iron powder: 200 meshes, tin powder: 200-mesh, flaky graphite: 80 mesh, granular graphite: 100 mesh, zircon: 70 mesh, ferrochromium: 120 mesh aluminum oxide 70#Boron carbide 60#。
The preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following steps:
s1, manually and primarily mixing copper powder, iron powder, tin powder, molybdenum disulfide, aluminum oxide, zirconite, boron carbide, ferrochrome and lubricating oil, putting the mixture into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 3 hours to obtain a mixed material A, adding flaky graphite and granular graphite into the mixed material A, and continuously mixing for 10 hours to obtain a mixed material B; the lubricating oil accounts for 0.7 percent of the mixed material A by mass;
s2, pressing the mixed material B under the unit pressing pressure of 500MPa to obtain a pressed blank;
and S3, placing the pressed compact into a graphite mold, sintering in a bell-type pressure sintering furnace at the sintering temperature of 900 ℃ for 3 hours, keeping the sintering pressure at 2Mpa, taking the sintering atmosphere as liquid ammonia decomposition gas, keeping the pressure to be reduced to 650 ℃ along with the furnace after the sintering and heat preservation are finished, removing a sintering furnace cover, adding a cooling water jacket for water cooling, and discharging the sintered compact from the furnace until the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ to obtain the powder metallurgy friction material.
Comparative example 1 (different from example 1 in that no particulate graphite is contained)
A powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts of copper powder, 15 parts of iron powder, 6 parts of flake graphite, 2 parts of tin powder, 0.8 part of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of aluminum oxide, 4 parts of zirconite, 1 part of boron carbide and 8 parts of ferrochrome.
The specifications of the raw material components are respectively as follows: copper powder: 180 meshes, iron powder: 180 meshes and tin powder: 180 mesh, flaky graphite: 55 mesh, zircon: 55 mesh, ferrochromium: 90 mesh, 70 parts of alumina#Boron carbide 60#。
The preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following steps:
s1, manually and primarily mixing copper powder, iron powder, tin powder, molybdenum disulfide, aluminum oxide, zirconite, boron carbide, ferrochrome and lubricating oil, putting the mixture into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 2 hours to obtain a mixed material A, adding flaky graphite into the mixed material A, and continuously mixing for 9 hours to obtain a mixed material B; the lubricating oil accounts for 0.6 percent of the mixed material A by mass;
s2, pressing the mixed material B under the unit pressing pressure of 400MPa to obtain a pressed blank;
and S3, placing the pressed compact into a graphite mold, sintering in a bell-type pressure sintering furnace at the sintering temperature of 880 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, keeping the sintering pressure at 1.8Mpa, and taking the sintering atmosphere as liquid ammonia decomposition gas, after sintering and keeping the temperature, keeping the pressure, cooling to 620 ℃ along with the furnace, removing the sintering furnace cover, adding a cooling water jacket, performing water cooling until the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃, and discharging to obtain the powder metallurgy friction material.
Comparative example 2 (difference from example 1 in that conventional sintering process was used)
A powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts of copper powder, 15 parts of iron powder, 6 parts of flaky graphite, 5 parts of granular graphite, 2 parts of tin powder, 0.8 part of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of aluminum oxide, 4 parts of zirconite, 1 part of boron carbide and 8 parts of ferrochrome.
The specifications of the raw material components are respectively as follows: copper powder: 180 meshes, iron powder: 180 meshes and tin powder: 180 mesh, flaky graphite: 55 mesh, granular graphite: 65 mesh, zircon: 55 mesh, ferrochromium: 90 mesh, 70 parts of alumina#Boron carbide 60#。
The preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following steps:
s1, manually and primarily mixing copper powder, iron powder, tin powder, molybdenum disulfide, aluminum oxide, zirconite, boron carbide, ferrochrome and lubricating oil, putting the mixture into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 2 hours to obtain a mixed material A, adding flaky graphite and granular graphite into the mixed material A, and continuously mixing for 9 hours to obtain a mixed material B; the lubricating oil accounts for 0.6 percent of the mixed material A by mass;
s2, pressing the mixed material B under the unit pressing pressure of 400MPa to obtain a pressed blank;
and S3, placing the pressed compact in a pressure sintering furnace to be sintered in a free state (namely the shape of the pressed compact is not fixed), wherein the sintering temperature is 880 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, the sintering pressure is 1.8Mpa, the sintering atmosphere is liquid ammonia decomposition gas, after the sintering heat preservation is finished, the pressure is still kept to be cooled to 620 ℃ along with the furnace, then removing a sintering furnace cover, adding a cooling water jacket to carry out water cooling, and discharging the pressed compact until the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃ to obtain the powder metallurgy friction material.
Comparative example 3 (different from example 1 in that flaky graphite and granular graphite were not used in combination in a specific ratio)
A powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts of copper powder, 15 parts of iron powder, 7 parts of flaky graphite, 3 parts of granular graphite, 2 parts of tin powder, 0.8 part of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of aluminum oxide, 4 parts of zirconite, 1 part of boron carbide and 8 parts of ferrochrome.
The specifications of the raw material components are respectively as follows: copper powder: 180 meshes, iron powder: 180 meshes and tin powder: 180 mesh, flaky graphite: 55 mesh, granular graphite: 65 mesh, zircon: 55 mesh, ferrochromium: 90 mesh, 70 parts of alumina#Boron carbide 60#。
The preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following steps:
s1, manually and primarily mixing copper powder, iron powder, tin powder, molybdenum disulfide, aluminum oxide, zirconite, boron carbide, ferrochrome and lubricating oil, putting the mixture into a V-shaped mixer, mixing for 2 hours to obtain a mixed material A, adding flaky graphite and granular graphite into the mixed material A, and continuously mixing for 9 hours to obtain a mixed material B; the lubricating oil accounts for 0.6 percent of the mixed material A by mass;
s2, pressing the mixed material B under the unit pressing pressure of 400MPa to obtain a pressed blank;
and S3, placing the pressed compact into a graphite mold, sintering in a bell-type pressure sintering furnace at the sintering temperature of 880 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, keeping the sintering pressure at 1.8Mpa, and taking the sintering atmosphere as liquid ammonia decomposition gas, after sintering and keeping the temperature, keeping the pressure, cooling to 620 ℃ along with the furnace, removing the sintering furnace cover, adding a cooling water jacket, performing water cooling until the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃, and discharging to obtain the powder metallurgy friction material.
The friction materials obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested in a universal material testing machine and an MM-1000 friction testing machine: the shear test specimen dimensions were: 15±0.1*15±0.120 (height); the compression test sample is: 10±0.1*10±0.1*10±0.1(height); friction test ring test: an outer diameter phi of 160mm, an inner diameter phi of 53mm, a thickness of 18mm, and a friction area of 5.4cm2The rotating speed is 7300r/min, the unit pressure is 1.57MPa, and the inertia is 0.8 kg.m2The dual material 300CrSiMoV, the test results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Test specimen | Hardness HBW | Shear strength MPa | Compressive strength MPa | Mean coefficient of friction mu | Abrasion loss cm3/MJ |
| Example 1 | 25 | 32 | 120 | 0.41 | 0.25 |
| Example 2 | 24 | 31 | 115 | 0.405 | 0.24 |
| Example 3 | 26 | 35 | 125 | 0.42 | 0.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 20 | 17 | 80 | 0.375 | 0.31 |
| Comparative example 2 | 22 | 20 | 85 | 0.38 | 0.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 21 | 19 | 86 | 0.382 | 0.3 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with comparative examples 1 to 3, examples 1 to 3 have higher friction coefficient and lower friction and wear, higher mechanical properties and more excellent comprehensive properties.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown and described, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (8)
1. The powder metallurgy friction material is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5 parts of flaky graphite and 4 parts of granular graphite, or 6 parts of flaky graphite and 5 parts of granular graphite, or 7 parts of flaky graphite and 6 parts of granular graphite;
the material also comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 51-63 parts of copper powder, 10-17 parts of iron powder, 1-3 parts of tin powder, 0.5-1 part of molybdenum disulfide, 2-3 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-5 parts of zirconite, 0.5-1.5 parts of boron carbide and 7-10 parts of ferrochrome;
the preparation method of the powder metallurgy friction material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the copper powder, the iron powder, the tin powder, the molybdenum disulfide, the aluminum oxide, the zirconite, the boron carbide, the ferrochrome and the lubricating oil to obtain a mixed material A, and adding the flaky graphite and the granular graphite into the mixed material A to mix to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, pressing the mixed material B to obtain a pressed blank;
and S3, placing the pressed compact into a graphite mold, fixing the pressed compact into a shape, sintering the pressed compact in a bell-type pressure sintering furnace, and cooling to obtain the powder metallurgy friction material.
2. The powder metallurgy friction material of claim 1, wherein the raw material components are each sized to: copper powder: 50-200 mesh, iron powder: 50-200 mesh, tin powder: flake graphite of 50 to 200 mesh: 30-80 mesh, granular graphite: 30-100 mesh, zircon: 40-70 meshes, ferrochrome: 60 to 120 meshes.
3. The powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the lubricating oil accounts for 0.5-0.7% of the mixed material A by mass.
4. The powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 1, wherein the pressing pressure in S2 is 300-500 MPa.
5. The powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the sintering conditions are: the sintering temperature is 870-900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-3 hours, and the sintering pressure is 1.5-2 Mpa.
6. The powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the atmosphere used in the sintering process is liquid ammonia decomposition gas or pure hydrogen gas.
7. The powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the specific process of cooling is as follows: and naturally cooling to 600-650 ℃, and then performing water cooling until the temperature is reduced to below 80 ℃.
8. Use of a powder metallurgical friction material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the manufacture of a brake pad.
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