CN104399970A - Iron-based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Iron-based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an iron-based powder metallurgy friction material and a preparation method thereof. The iron-based powder metallurgy friction material is prepared from iron powder, copper powder, manganese powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, molybdenum disulfide powder, silicon dioxide powder, aluminum oxide powder and precipitated barium sulfate powder; the system matching effects of an iron alloy matrix, a lubricating component, a solid friction component and the like are developed, and the high-performance iron-based powder metallurgy friction material which has excellent mechanical strength and can be used at a low speed and within a wide pressure range can be obtained. The friction coefficient of the iron-based powder metallurgy friction material is greater than 0.32, while the abrasion loss of the same is less than or equal to 0.0005mm per face at each time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Material Field, specifically a kind of iron-based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Certain carrier wing flap protective device brake assemblage belongs to attrition component; originally the friction material of its static friction sheet adopts U.S. C94500 high lead tin bronze based material; but this material belongs to external limit purchases material; be difficult to buy; domesticly do not grasp core technology; and along with later stage increasing the weight of service condition, there is some defect in its friction and wear behavior aspect.As: under low speed, high specific pressure service condition, fret wear is comparatively large, and coefficient of friction is lower.
Domestic existing iron-based powder metallurgy friction material CN200710106016.0 is mainly used in middle and high speed, the braking of the aircraft of middle specific pressure, engineering truck and cannon.CN200720153895.8 is mainly used in certain type crawler-mounted excavator clutch, invention be a kind of structure and production procedure of friction plate, do not comprise iron-based powder metallurgy friction material formula and preparation technology thereof.Patent CN200710160660.6 discloses a kind of composition for the preparation of ferrous based powder metallurgical friction and friction material, its main component is iron, copper, manganese, carborundum, silica, alundum (Al2O3), boron carbide, ferrous sulfate and graphite, it is characterized in that described component content is iron 55-70%, copper 5-20%, manganese 0.3-1.4%, carborundum 3-10%, silica 5-15%, alundum (Al2O3) 0.9-1.8%, boron carbide 2-5%, ferrous sulfate 5-15%, graphite 5-10%.It is between 0.006-0.0094 that MM-1000 type friction wear testing machine obtains wear extent, but is not described its use, operating condition of test condition.
Summary of the invention
For overcome exist in prior art under low speed, high specific pressure service condition, fret wear is comparatively large, and the deficiency that coefficient of friction is lower, the present invention proposes a kind of iron-based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof.
The present invention by 61 ~ 73.5% iron powder, 6 ~ 12% copper powder, 2 ~ 5% manganese powder, 8 ~ 14% graphite powder, 2 ~ 6% carborundum powder, 2.0 ~ 4.0% molybdenum disulphide powder, the silicon dioxide powder of 2.0 ~ 4.0%, the aluminium oxide powder of 2.0 ~ 5.0% and 2 ~ 6% blanc fixe powder form, described percentage is mass percent.
Described iron powder is content>=98% of FHY200, iron; Described copper powder is content>=99.8% of FTD1, copper; Described manganese powder is-100 ~+300 order DJMnD, content>=99.7% of manganese; Described graphite powder is+80 order flakeys, content>=99.99% of carbon in this graphite powder; Described silicon dioxide powder is-100 ~+200 orders, and aluminium oxide powder is-100 ~+250 object calcining α types; Described carborundum powder is-120 order green silicon carbides, and content is SiC>=98%; Described blanc fixe is pulvis, content BaSO
4>=98%.
The detailed process of the described iron-based powder metallurgy friction material of preparation that the present invention proposes is:
Step 1, raw material disposal: described raw material disposal comprise iron powder and copper powder reduction, ball milling, dry and sieve, specifically:
The reduction of iron powder and copper powder: iron powder and copper powder are placed in reduction furnace respectively, reduces under hydrogen atmosphere protection, to eliminate oxygen content in described iron powder and copper powder and work hardening phenomenon; Reduction temperature: iron powder is 600 ~ 700 DEG C, copper powder is 350 ~ 450 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2 ~ 3 hours; Obtain the reduced iron powder after reducing and copper powder;
Ball milling: the qualified iron powder of reduction and copper powder are put into ball mill ball milling 0.5 ~ 1h respectively;
Dry: graphite powder, molybdenum disulphide powder, silicon dioxide powder, blanc fixe and carborundum powder are put into baking oven respectively, under 120 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C conditions, be incubated 2.5 ~ 3.0h, to remove the moisture in described each powder;
Sieve: the silicon dioxide powder of oven dry, aluminium oxide powder and carborundum powder are sieved respectively, get-100 ~+200 order silicon dioxide powders, get-100 ~+250 order aluminium oxide powders, get-120 order carborundum powders;
Step 2, batching, batch mixing:
Weigh above-mentioned treated raw material in proportion; First the iron powder of weighing, copper powder and manganese powder are put into batch mixer mixing 10 ~ 12h, mixed iron powder, copper powder and manganese powder are put into magazine with load weighted blanc fixe, silicon dioxide powder, aluminium oxide powder, carborundum powder together with molybdenum disulphide powder and stirs, composition premix; In the premix obtained, add miscella and after manually stirring, load batch mixer and continue mixing 3 ~ 5h; Add graphite powder mixing 7h, obtain compound; Batch mixer rotating speed is 40 ~ 45 revs/min;
Described miscella is mixed by the machine oil of 1:1 and gasoline, and per kilogram premix adds the miscella described in 10ml.
Step 3, compacting:
Weigh above-mentioned compound according to the designing requirement of product, to pour in mould and to strike off, adopt conventional method cold moudling on a hydraulic press, obtaining density is 5.2 ~ 5.6g/cm
3the pressed compact of iron-based powder metallurgy friction material; In described cold moudling, the pressure that iron-based powder metallurgy friction material pressed compact unit are is born is 400 ~ 600MPa;
Step 4, sintering:
The steel backing of the iron-based powder metallurgy friction material pressed compact obtained and friction material is fixedly assembled into assembly; Separate between each assembly with graphite bolster plate, repeat to stack; Assembly after stacking is loaded in pressurized sintering furnace and sinters; Under logical hydrogen atmosphere, 1010 ~ 1050 DEG C be warming up to described pressurized sintering furnace and be incubated 3.0 ~ 4.5h, being forced into 20 ~ 25kg/cm
2and pressurize; After terminating, after being cooled to 900 DEG C with stove; Water cooling, to less than 60 DEG C releases, is come out of the stove, is obtained iron-based powder metallurgy friction material.
Owing to taking technique scheme, the present invention is made to have following characteristics:
1, the present invention is grouped into by the various one-tenth of scientific design material, the system matches effects such as ferroalloy matrix, lubricant component, solid friction constituent element are played, provide one and there is good mechanical strength, at low speed 1.5m/s, wide pressure limit (6 ~ 65Kg/cm
2) interior use, coefficient of friction > 0.32, the high-performance powder metallurgy iron-based friction material that wear extent≤0.0005mm/ face is secondary and technology of preparing thereof.
1) matrix constituent element
The hardness of sintered friction material, wearability and heat resistance depend on series of physical, chemical change in the institutional framework of matrix and process of friction and wear to a great extent.Because iron fusing point is high, its intensity, hardness, plasticity, high-temperature capability and non-oxidizability make its alloying be adjusted by various element, and iron powder compound is easy to compacting and sintering, and relative copper powder cost price is cheap, and manufacturing cost significantly reduces.Add Mn and can make iron basic asphalt mixture, improve its intensity, yield limit and hardness, stablize coefficient of friction, reduce bonding, reduce wearing and tearing etc.Add Cu and can improve iron-based body heat resistance and non-oxidizability, stablize coefficient of friction.The present invention in iron powder, add 2 ~ 5%Mn powder and 6 ~ 13%Cu powder carrys out reinforced iron-base body.
2) solid lubrication constituent element
The anti-clamping stagnation performance the adding of solid lubrication constituent element effectively can improving iron-based friction material, improve wearability.What be used widely in lubricant is the graphite of layer structure.First the effect of graphite is that it is filled with the microcosmic depression on piece surface, also can be absorbed in the corona discharge produced in friction process and spark discharge, reduces the fragmentation of friction surface, plays lubrication and reduces abrasive action.Content of graphite is selected according to required coefficient of friction and stability, wearability, and in iron-graphite material, content of graphite is about 8 ~ 15% time with this understanding, and specific property of material friction stability can reach about 0.8.Add separately the impact flexibility that kollag can reduce material, when molybdenum disulfide content is in 2 ~ 6% scopes, iron-graphite material notched bar impact strength is greater than 3Kgm/cm
2, take molybdenum bisuphide and graphite to combinationally use as composite solid lubricant constituent element in the present invention, increase wearability on the one hand and make up the defect that high content of graphite causes fret wear, the toughness of material can be improved on the other hand.
3) friction component
For improving and the frictional behaviour of stabilizing material, need in friction material to add solid friction agent.Solid friction agent not only ensures the frictional behavior of material, can also eliminate from the metal that sintered powder material transfer is come on mating plate, thus ensures the normal break-in with mating plate.Iron-based friction material can select carborundum, silica, boron carbide, alundum (Al2O3) etc. as friction component.Adding of carborundum can improve rapidly material friction coefficient, and silica and adding of alundum (Al2O3) can effectively improve material friction performance, improves coefficient of friction, reduces the wearing and tearing to antithesis.
In the present invention, on solid friction agent silica and alundum (Al2O3) content, the impact on this friction material frictional behaviour is studied and verifies.
In Fig. 1, curve 1 is under sliding speed 1.0 meter per second, and when dioxide-containing silica increases to 10% from 1%, iron-based friction material coefficient of friction increases to 0.43 from 0.28; In Fig. 1, curve 2 is under sliding speed 2.0 meter per second, and when dioxide-containing silica increases to 10% from 1%, iron-based friction material coefficient of friction increases to 0.29 from 0.16; In Fig. 1, curve 3 is under sliding speed 1.0 meter per second, and when dioxide-containing silica increases to 10% from 1%, friction temperature rises to 180 DEG C gradually by 120 DEG C.In Fig. 1, curve 4 is under sliding speed 2.0 meter per second, and when dioxide-containing silica increases to 4% from 1%, friction temperature increases to rapidly 460 DEG C by 340 DEG C, and when improving dioxide-containing silica to 10% further, friction temperature is slowly increased to 480 DEG C.
In Fig. 2, curve 5 is under sliding speed 1.0 meter per second, and along with alundum (Al2O3) content increases, coefficient of friction reduces after first increasing gradually.Namely, when alundum (Al2O3) content is 1%, coefficient of friction is 0.29, improve further content to 3% time, coefficient of friction reaches maximum 0.32, continues to improve alundum (Al2O3) content, and coefficient of friction slowly reduces, until when content is increased to 10%, coefficient of friction is reduced to 0.28.
In Fig. 2, curve 6 is under sliding speed 2.0 meter per second, and along with alundum (Al2O3) content increases, coefficient of friction tends towards stability after first increasing gradually.Namely, when alundum (Al2O3) content is 1%, coefficient of friction is 0.14, improve further content to 4% time, coefficient of friction reaches maximum 0.20, and continuing increases alundum (Al2O3) content, and coefficient of friction is in about 0.2 change.
In Fig. 2, curve 7 is the relations of friction temperature and the alundum (Al2O3) content measured under sliding speed 1.0 meter per second.Show that friction temperature raises gradually along with alundum (Al2O3) content increases.When namely increasing to 10% from dioxide-containing silica 1%, friction temperature rises to 90 DEG C gradually by 30 DEG C.
In Fig. 2, curve 8 is the relations of friction temperature and the alundum (Al2O3) content measured under sliding speed 2.0 meter per second.Show along with alundum (Al2O3) content increase to 10% from 1% time, friction temperature rises to 380 DEG C gradually by 235 DEG C.
Consider sintering loss, Error and Assay and comprehensive friction and wear behavior etc., the present invention adopt compound friction constituent element to guarantee improve avoid antithesis while coefficient of friction excessive abrasion, reduce friction temperature field to the harmful effect of frictional behaviour, improve stable friction factor degree, select solid friction constituent element to be carborundum 2 ~ 6%, silica 2 ~ 4%, alundum (Al2O3) 2 ~ 5%.
2, powder metallurgy iron base frication material made in accordance with the present invention, has the advantages such as intensity is high, density is low, expansion rate is low, deflection is little, wearability is good.The frictional layer thickness adopting this powder metallurgy iron base frication material to make is less than the mating plate that the ultrathin braking component of 0.5mm and 65Mn Steel material make and forms powder metallurgy iron base frication material friction pair, at low speed 1.5m/s, and wide pressure limit (6Kg/cm
2~ 65Kg/cm
2) when using under condition, coefficient of friction reaches more than 0.32.In Fig. 3, curve 1 represents the present invention at 1.5m/s, pressure 6Kg/cm
2with the friction coefficient curve that braking time measures under condition, its average friction coefficient is 0.3763.In Fig. 4, curve 4 represents the present invention at 1.5m/s, pressure 65Kg/cm
2with the friction coefficient curve that braking time measures under condition, its average friction coefficient is 0.3381.
3, the mating plate that friction material and 65Mn Steel material are made made in accordance with the present invention forms friction pair, friction and wear behavior is better than the former material friction pair of U.S.'s C94500 high lead tin bronze at low speed 1.5m/s, wide pressure limit (6Kg/cm
2, 65Kg/cm
2) property indices when using under condition.As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, table 1.And do not occur in friction process that frictional layer comes off, fall block, the phenomenon such as clamping stagnation, bonding, spark, brake reliable and stable, M curve is steadily, peak is than moderate.
4, the present invention is by work such as the development of the aspects such as design of material, manufacturing process research and sample contrast test and checkings, research obtains a kind of iron-based friction material of novel long-life, instead of U.S. C94500 high lead tin bronze based material completely, at low speed 1.5m/s, wide pressure (6 ~ 65Kg/cm
2) work under range of condition, meet coefficient of friction > 0.32, the high performance requirements in wear extent≤0.0005mm/ face time.
Table 1 iron-based powder smelting of the present invention material and U.S. C94500 material property contrast
The present invention compares with patent CN200710106016.0, CN200720153895.8, detailed give the various raw-material proportioning of iron-based powder metallurgy friction material and all raw material buying, reduction, ball milling, sieve, prepare burden, batch mixing, compacting, process program in the whole production process such as sintering and parameter, and specifically understand that this iron-based powder metallurgy friction material is applicable to low speed 1.5m/s, basic, normal, high wide pressure limit (6 ~ 65Kg/cm
2) working condition, and there is coefficient of friction > 0.32, the excellent fretting wear in wear extent≤0.0005mm/ face time special can, and be mainly used in certain carrier wing flap protective device, the domestic application that there is no this type of technology.
The present invention compares dioxide-containing silica with patent CN200710160660.6 be 2 ~ 4%, lower than the scope of 5-15%, and can more available protecting friction pair be not frayed; Alundum (Al2O3) 2 ~ 5%, higher than the scope of 0.9-1.8%, effectively compensate for dioxide-containing silica less, the defect that coefficient of friction is lower; Manganese powder content is 2 ~ 5%, higher than the scope of 0.3-1.4%, improves material matrix intensity, greatly reduces wear extent; Iron-based powder metallurgy friction material wear extent≤0.0005mm/ face of the present invention time, performance is far superior to the wear extent between 0.006-0.0094 of patent CN200710160660.6.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that solid friction agent dioxide-containing silica is on the impact of iron-based friction material coefficient of friction, friction temperature.Described iron-based friction material is for containing 10% graphite and 2% barium sulfate, and solid friction agent silica changes in 10% scope.Material sinters and forms in logical hydrogen medium at 1030 DEG C.Wherein:
Curve 1 is the relation of coefficient of friction and the dioxide-containing silica measured under sliding speed 1.0 meter per second.
Curve 2 is the relations of coefficient of friction and the dioxide-containing silica measured under sliding speed 2.0 meter per second.
Curve 3 is the relations of friction temperature and the dioxide-containing silica measured under sliding speed 2.0 meter per second.
Curve 4 is the relations of friction temperature and the dioxide-containing silica measured under sliding speed 1.0 meter per second.
Fig. 2 is that solid friction agent alundum (Al2O3) content is on the impact of iron-based friction material coefficient of friction, friction temperature.Described iron-based friction material is for containing 10% graphite and 2% barium sulfate, and rubbing agent alundum (Al2O3) changes in 10% scope.Material sinters and forms in logical hydrogen medium at 1030 DEG C.Wherein:
Curve 5 is the relations of coefficient of friction and the alundum (Al2O3) content measured under sliding speed 1.0 meter per second.
Curve 6 is the relations of coefficient of friction and the alundum (Al2O3) content measured under sliding speed 2.0 meter per second.
Curve 7 is the relations of friction temperature and the alundum (Al2O3) content measured under sliding speed 2.0 meter per second.
Curve 8 is the relations of friction temperature and the alundum (Al2O3) content measured under sliding speed 1.0 meter per second.
Fig. 3 is that the sample made of iron-based friction material that the present invention obtains is at condition 1 inertia 0.1Kg/cm
2, the friction and wear behavior trial curve that measures under positive pressure 1.05KN, rotating speed 400rpm.Wherein:
Curve 1 is the friction coefficient curve measured with braking time.
Curve 2 is the speed curves measured with braking time.
The positive pressure curve that curve 3 is given when being brakes.
Fig. 4 is that the sample made of iron-based friction material that the present invention obtains is at condition 2 inertia 0.1Kg/cm
2, the friction and wear behavior trial curve that measures under positive pressure 4.0KN, rotating speed 400rpm.Wherein:
The friction coefficient curve that curve 4 measures with braking time.
Curve 5 is the speed curves measured with braking time.
The positive pressure curve that curve 6 is given when being brakes.
Fig. 5 is that the sample made of former state part is at condition 1 inertia 0.1Kg/cm
2, the friction and wear behavior trial curve that measures under positive pressure 1.05KN, rotating speed 400rpm.Wherein:
The friction coefficient curve that curve 7 measures with braking time.
Curve 8 is the speed curves measured with braking time.
The positive pressure curve that curve 9 is given when being brakes.
Fig. 6 is that the sample made of former state part is at condition 2 inertia 0.1Kg/cm
2, the friction and wear behavior trial curve that measures under positive pressure 4.0KN, rotating speed 400rpm.Wherein:
The friction coefficient curve that curve 10 measures with braking time.
The positive pressure curve that curve 11 is given when being brakes.
Curve 12 is the speed curves measured with braking time.
Fig. 7 makes flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present embodiment is a kind of iron-based powder metallurgy friction material.Described iron-based powder metallurgy friction material by 64% iron powder, 9% copper powder, 3% manganese powder, 10% graphite powder, 3% carborundum powder, 2% molybdenum disulphide powder, the silicon dioxide powder of 4%, the aluminium oxide powder of 3% and 2% blanc fixe powder form, described percentage is mass percent.Described iron powder is FHY200, Fe >=98%, operative norm GB/T4136-94.Described copper powder is FTD1, Cu >=99.8%, operative norm GB/T5246-2007.Described manganese powder is-100 ~+300 order DJMnD, Mn >=99.7%, operative norm YB/T051-2003.Described graphite powder be+80 order flakeys, content C >=99.99%, operative norm GB/T3518-95.Described silicon dioxide powder is-100 ~+200 orders, and aluminium oxide powder is-100 ~+250 object calcining α types.Described carborundum powder is-120 order green silicon carbides, operative norm GB/T2480-96, and content is SiC >=98%.Described molybdenum bisuphide operative norm Q/JDC31-2009.Described blanc fixe is pulvis, content BaSO
4>=98%, operative norm GB/T2899-2008.
Embodiment also proposed a kind of method preparing described iron-based powder metallurgy friction material, described iron-based powder metallurgy friction material refers to and is a kind ofly mixed through prepare burden by metal base powder and metal and nonmetallic additive, be pressed into the blank with some strength, and in reducing atmosphere sintering furnace at the temperature lower than matrix material fusing point pressure sintering make the friction material of metallurgical binding formation between powder.
Detailed process is:
Step 1, raw material disposal
(1) reduction of iron powder and copper powder: iron powder and copper powder are placed in reduction furnace respectively, reduces under hydrogen atmosphere protection, to eliminate oxygen content in described iron powder and copper powder and work hardening phenomenon.Reduction temperature: iron powder is 600 ~ 700 DEG C, copper powder is 350 ~ 450 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2 ~ 3 hours.Obtain the reduced iron powder after reducing and copper powder.It is spongy that qualified iron powder should be silver gray, and copper powder is that rose is spongy.
(2) ball milling: the qualified iron powder of reduction and copper powder are put into ball mill ball milling 0.5 ~ 1h respectively.
(3) dry: graphite powder, molybdenum disulphide powder, silicon dioxide powder, blanc fixe and carborundum powder are put into baking oven respectively, under 120 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C conditions, be incubated 2.5 ~ 3.0h, to remove the moisture in described each powder.
(4) silicon dioxide powder of oven dry, aluminium oxide powder and carborundum powder are sieved respectively, get-100 ~+200 order silicon dioxide powders, get-100 ~+250 order aluminium oxide powders, get-120 order carborundum powders.
The component of each embodiment that the present invention proposes:
| Sequence number | Iron powder | Copper powder | Manganese powder | Graphite | Carborundum | Molybdenum bisuphide | Silica | Alundum (Al2O3) | Barium sulfate |
| Embodiment 1 | 62％ | 8％ | 5％ | 8％ | 3％ | 2％ | 4％ | 3％ | 5％ |
| Embodiment 2 | 63％ | 13％ | 3％ | 9％ | 2％ | 2％ | 4％ | 2％ | 2％ |
| Embodiment 3 | 61％ | 7％ | 4％ | 14％ | 6％ | 2％ | 2％ | 2％ | 2％ |
| Embodiment 4 | 67％ | 12％ | 3％ | 5％ | 2％ | 4％ | 3％ | 2％ | 2％ |
| Embodiment 5 | 70％ | 6％ | 3％ | 5％ | 2％ | 2％ | 2％ | 2％ | 6％ |
| Embodiment 6 | 64％ | 7％ | 2％ | 13％ | 2％ | 3％ | 2％ | 5％ | 2％ |
| Embodiment 7 | 63％ | 10％ | 2％ | 10％ | 2％ | 2％ | 3％ | 4％ | 4％ |
| Embodiment 8 | 73.5％ | 6％ | 2％ | 8％ | 2％ | 2.5％ | 2％ | 2％ | 2％ |
Step 2, batching, batch mixing
Weigh above-mentioned treated raw material in proportion.First the iron powder of weighing, copper powder and manganese powder are put into batch mixer mixing 10 ~ 12h, after realizing the pre-alloyed process of matrix, magazine is put into together with molybdenum disulphide powder, composition premix with load weighted blanc fixe, silicon dioxide powder, aluminium oxide powder, carborundum powder.In the premix obtained, add miscella and after manually stirring, load batch mixer and continue mixing 3 ~ 5h, finally add graphite powder mixing 7h again, obtain compound.Batch mixer rotating speed is 40 ~ 45 revs/min.
Described miscella is mixed by the machine oil of 1:1 and gasoline, and per kilogram premix adds the miscella described in 10ml.
Step 3, compacting
Weigh above-mentioned compound according to the designing requirement of product, pour in mould, and strike off with strickle, adopt conventional method cold moudling on the hydraulic press of 5000KN, obtaining density is 5.2 ~ 5.6g/cm
3the pressed compact of iron-based powder metallurgy friction material.In described cold moudling, the pressure that iron-based powder metallurgy friction material pressed compact unit are is born is 400 ~ 600MPa.
Step 4, sintering
The steel backing adhesive tape of the iron-based powder metallurgy friction material pressed compact obtained and friction material is fixedly assembled into assembly.Separate between each assembly with graphite bolster plate, repeat to stack.Assembly after stacking is loaded in pressurized sintering furnace and sinters.Under logical hydrogen atmosphere, 1030 DEG C be warming up to described pressurized sintering furnace and be incubated 3.0 ~ 3.5h, being forced into 24kg/cm
2and pressurize.After terminating, after being cooled to 900 DEG C with stove.Water cooling, to less than 60 DEG C releases, is come out of the stove, and obtains the iron-based powder metallurgy friction material that the present invention proposes.
Each embodiment sintering process parameter that the present invention proposes:
| Sequence number | Sintering temperature | Sintering pressure | Temperature retention time |
| Embodiment 1 | 1030℃ | 24kg/cm2 | 3.5～4.0h |
| Embodiment 2 | 1010℃ | 25kg/cm2 | 3.0～3.5h |
| Embodiment 3 | 1025℃ | 25kg/cm2 | 3.5～4.0h |
| Embodiment 4 | 1035℃ | 22kg/cm2 | 4.0～4.5h |
| Embodiment 5 | 1040℃ | 22kg/cm2 | 3.0～3.5h |
| Embodiment 6 | 1050℃ | 20kg/cm2 | 4.0～4.5h |
| Embodiment 7 | 1030℃ | 24kg/cm2 | 3.5～4.0h |
| Embodiment 8 | 1045℃ | 23kg/cm2 | 4.0～4.5h |
The effective friction area using the ring-type powder metallurgy friction material test specimen 1 of the layer thickness < 0.5mm that iron-based powder metallurgy friction material is produced in above-described embodiment is 9.26cm
2, the external diameter of these ring-type powder metallurgy friction material goods is 64mm, and internal diameter is 54mm, and the pressure of forward carrying is 600N, and rotating speed is 420 revs/min; Effective friction area of friction material goods 2 is 12.52cm
2, the external diameter of these ring-type powder metallurgy friction material goods is 64mm, and internal diameter is 50mm, and the pressure of forward carrying is 8000N, and rotating speed is 420 revs/min.Above-mentioned two kinds of powder metallurgy friction material goods and 65Mn mating plate form friction pair, for certain transporter wing flap protective device, and coefficient of friction > 0.32, wear extent < 0.0005mm/ face time.
The present embodiment simulates the working condition of certain transporter, by the verification experimental verification of sample test specimen effect of the present invention.
Testing machine: MCJ-2000
Friction material test specimen 1 sample, specimen size: Φ 75 × Φ 55; Friction material test specimen 2 sample specimen size: Φ 70 × Φ 62.
Mating material: 65Mn hardness HRC46-51
Experimental condition:
Wherein: J is rotary inertia, N is the rotating speed of testing machine, and F is the gross pressure acted on test specimen.
Result of the test:
By carrying out friction and wear behavior test on MCJ-2000 testing machine, the sample that the iron-based friction material that the present invention obtains is made is at inertia 0.1Kg/cm
2, under positive pressure 1.05KN and testing machine rotating speed 400rpm condition, average friction coefficient μ cp is 0.3763, friction material wear extent 0.00043mm/ face time; At inertia 0.1Kg/cm
2, under positive pressure 4.0KN rotating speed 400rpm condition, average friction coefficient μ cp is 0.3381, friction material wear extent 0.00045mm/ face time.
Claims (4)
1. an iron-based powder metallurgy friction material, it is characterized in that, iron powder by 61 ~ 73.5%, the copper powder of 6 ~ 12%, 2 ~ 5% manganese powder, 8 ~ 14% graphite powder, 2 ~ 6% carborundum powder, 2.0 ~ 4.0% molybdenum disulphide powder, the silicon dioxide powder of 2.0 ~ 4.0%, the aluminium oxide powder of 2.0 ~ 5.0% and 2 ~ 6% blanc fixe powder form, described percentage is mass percent.
2. iron-based powder metallurgy friction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described iron powder is content>=98% of FHY200, iron; Described copper powder is content>=99.8% of FTD1, copper; Described manganese powder is-100 ~+300 order DJMnD, content>=99.7% of manganese; Described graphite powder is+80 order flakeys, content>=99.99% of carbon in this graphite powder; Described silicon dioxide powder is-100 ~+200 orders, and aluminium oxide powder is-100 ~+250 object calcining α types; Described carborundum powder is-120 order green silicon carbides, and content is SiC>=98%; Described blanc fixe is pulvis, content BaSO
4>=98%.
3. prepare a method for iron-based powder metallurgy friction material described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, detailed process is: step 1, raw material disposal: described raw material disposal comprise iron powder and copper powder reduction, ball milling, dry and sieve, specifically:
The reduction of iron powder and copper powder: iron powder and copper powder are placed in reduction furnace respectively, reduces under hydrogen atmosphere protection, to eliminate oxygen content in described iron powder and copper powder and work hardening phenomenon; Reduction temperature: iron powder is 600 ~ 700 DEG C, copper powder is 350 ~ 450 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2 ~ 3 hours; Obtain the reduced iron powder after reducing and copper powder; Ball milling: the qualified iron powder of reduction and copper powder are put into ball mill ball milling 0.5 ~ 1h respectively;
Dry: graphite powder, molybdenum disulphide powder, silicon dioxide powder, blanc fixe and carborundum powder are put into baking oven respectively, under 120 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C conditions, be incubated 2.5 ~ 3.0h, to remove the moisture in described each powder;
Sieve: the silicon dioxide powder of oven dry, aluminium oxide powder and carborundum powder are sieved respectively, get-100 ~+200 order silicon dioxide powders, get-100 ~+250 order aluminium oxide powders, get-120 order carborundum powders;
Step 2, batching, batch mixing:
Weigh above-mentioned treated raw material in proportion; First the iron powder of weighing, copper powder and manganese powder are put into batch mixer mixing 10 ~ 12h, mixed iron powder, copper powder and manganese powder are put into magazine with load weighted blanc fixe, silicon dioxide powder, aluminium oxide powder, carborundum powder together with molybdenum disulphide powder and stirs, composition premix; In the premix obtained, add miscella and after manually stirring, load batch mixer and continue mixing 3 ~ 5h; Add graphite powder mixing 7h, obtain compound; Batch mixer rotating speed is 40 ~ 45 revs/min;
Step 3, compacting:
Weigh above-mentioned compound according to the designing requirement of product, to pour in mould and to strike off, adopt conventional method cold moudling on a hydraulic press, obtaining density is 5.2 ~ 5.6g/cm
3the pressed compact of iron-based powder metallurgy friction material; In described cold moudling, the pressure that iron-based powder metallurgy friction material pressed compact unit are is born is 400 ~ 600MPa;
Step 4, sintering:
The steel backing of the iron-based powder metallurgy friction material pressed compact obtained and friction material is fixedly assembled into assembly; Separate between each assembly with graphite bolster plate, repeat to stack; Assembly after stacking is loaded in pressurized sintering furnace and sinters; Under logical hydrogen atmosphere, 1010 ~ 1050 DEG C be warming up to described pressurized sintering furnace and be incubated 3.0 ~ 4.5h, being forced into 20 ~ 25kg/cm
2and pressurize; After terminating, after being cooled to 900 DEG C with stove; Water cooling, to less than 60 DEG C releases, is come out of the stove, is obtained iron-based powder metallurgy friction material.
4. prepare a method for iron-based powder metallurgy friction material described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described miscella is mixed by the machine oil of 1:1 and gasoline, and per kilogram premix adds the miscella described in 10ml.
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