CN102560183A - Friction material of brake sheet for rail transit vehicle brake system, and preparation method and application of friction material - Google Patents
Friction material of brake sheet for rail transit vehicle brake system, and preparation method and application of friction material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102560183A CN102560183A CN201210001828XA CN201210001828A CN102560183A CN 102560183 A CN102560183 A CN 102560183A CN 201210001828X A CN201210001828X A CN 201210001828XA CN 201210001828 A CN201210001828 A CN 201210001828A CN 102560183 A CN102560183 A CN 102560183A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction material of a brake sheet for a rail transit vehicle brake system, and a preparation method and application of the friction material. The friction material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of Cu, 6 to 15 parts of Fe, 6 to 10 parts of Sn, 2 to 5 parts of Ni, 1 to 5 parts of Mn, 1 to 6 parts of Cr, 8 to 16 parts of C, 2 to 8 parts of Sic and 2 to 8 parts of Mo. The preparation method for the friction material comprises the following steps: mixing the components to obtain a mixture; placing the mixture into a die and pressing; and sintering the pressed mixture to obtain the friction material of the brake sheet for the rail transit vehicle brake system. The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, has the advantages of stable friction coefficient and low wear rate, can safely brake rail transit vehicles, and can reduce the using cost and the maintenance cost of the rail transit vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to PM technique, relate in particular to a kind of friction materials, Preparation method and use that is used for rail traffic vehicle braking system brake pad.
Background technology
Friction materials is one of indispensable material in stopper, clutch coupling and the friction gear of various mechanical means, and he utilizes friction to make the kinetic energy of mobile be converted into heat energy, thereby object is slowed down or a kind of multi-element composite material of stop motion.Since the vehicle invention, just begun Study on Friction Materials.Over nearly 20 years, flourish along with transport undertaking, the friction materials development is particularly swift and violent, many new-type friction material occurred, and has been widely used on all kinds of engineering machinery and the transport facility.The trend of 21 century development in science and technology is high speed, environmental protection and energy-conservation, for adapting to the needs of this new situations development, to the higher requirement of over-all properties proposition of friction materials.
Friction materials can be divided into two big types of non-metal base and metal-based, and traditional non-metal base friction materials mainly is an asbestos friction material, and Yin Qiyi causes environmental pollution and high-temperature stability not good, is replaced by carbon/carbon compound material in the last few years gradually.The metal-based friction materials is divided into elemental metals and powder metallurgy friction material, and the former mainly is meant steel, cast iron, bronze etc., and powder metallurgy friction material then mainly is meant iron-based, copper base and iron copper base friction material.The elemental metals friction materials is replaced by other material owing to be prone to shortcomings such as rubbing factor is low under bonding and the high temperature and high speed; Powder metallurgy friction material has special handiness and popularity aspect material mixture ratio; And under high speed, high-load condition, show good friction and wear behavior, so its range of application is extensive than other material.
Along with fast development of national economy, the railway passenger and freight traffic capacity increases sharply, and the high speed of transportation by railroad has become inevitable development trend.China's EMUs F-Zero of operation at present reaches more than the 350km/h.The train high speed is had higher requirement to brake friction material; Developed country to the development of train braking friction materials experienced cast iron, synthetic brake lining/watt, iron-based and copper base sintering brake lining/watt stage; And to Al-alloy based matrix material and C/C matrix material brake lining/watt stage development, wherein technology is the most ripe, most widely used be the powder metallurgy brake pad/watt.Synthetic materials and copper based powder metallurgy material have cost performance preferably, but synthetic materials can grind wheel face smooth and bright like a mirrorly when high speed, reduces frictional coefficient greatly.And copper-base powder metallurgy has better comprehensive performance.
The powder metallurgy brake material is claimed the sintering metal brake material again, is to be matrix with metal and alloy thereof, adds friction constituent element and lubricant component, the matrix material of processing with powder metallurgy process.The powder metallurgy brake material has enough intensity, suitable and stable frictional coefficient, and stable working is reliable, and is wear-resisting and pollute advantages such as few, is to use one of material more widely in the modern brake material family.
Adopt PM technique to produce brake shoe and brake lining, not only on performance quality, have outstanding advantage, in the variation of the design of component, product, also have handiness.Adopt PM technique can change the component of material arbitrarily, can avoid the casting flaws such as dendritic segregation and grain growth of loose, shrinkage cavity, material structure in the conventional fabrication processes, help to improve each item mechanical property of part.Prepare the train braking brake shoe and brake lining has been obtained very big success with PM technique, having formed powder metallurgy iron-based, copper base, iron/copper base is the powder metallurgy friction material system of main body.Relation between the composition of material, technology etc. and the performance has been carried out a lot of researchs, and these researchs make the production technology of powder metallurgy friction material and product performance improve constantly.
Copper based powder metallurgy friction material is to be staple with the copper powder, contains the various ingredients such as alloying element of lubricant component graphite and friction constituent element ceramic particle and reinforcement copper matrix in addition.The application development of copper based powder metallurgy friction material on braking devicess such as aircraft, bullet train, automobile, boats and ships, engineering machinery is very fast.The bullet train of state such as Sweden, Canada, high-power locomotive, the Shinkansen of Japan, German ICEZ bullet train and French TGV called one A bullet train etc. all uses this brake lining, and has all obtained excellent braking effect.
The friction materials that is used for the high-speed train braking brake lining should satisfy following requirement:
(1), should have high and stable frictional coefficient, even receive sleet or extremely hot condition effect, frictional coefficient does not also reduce;
(2), hot-cracking resistance and wear resistance be good, to increase the service life;
(3), retarding disc is not produced the damage of inordinate wear and other form;
(4), low price.
The copper-base powder metallurgy brake lining has comprehensive performance than iron-based.The copper-base powder metallurgy brake lining composition that Japan's bullet train is adopted is: Cu60%-70%, Sn5%-25% adds a small amount of friction stablizer in addition.Earlier they are stirred, back high-pressure molding is bonded together with silver plated stiffening plate and carries out sintering.But the brake puck of preparing with low-alloy cast iron, low-alloy forged steel and aluminum matrix composite is adapted copper base, copper one ferrous based powder metallurgical brake lining all.
In recent years, domesticly also begin systematically to study iron-based, copper base, iron copper based powder metallurgy friction material.For example to the preparation technology's of copper base aircraft brake material systematic study; Molybdenumdisulphide is to Study on Friction and Wear; Research for carry out in the secondary temperature field of the copper base friction material that is applied to express locomotive, aircraft braking, space articulation material aspect and powder metallurgy aircraft brake provides theoretical basis for preparing novel friction materials.
The development trend of train braking friction materials is by single material, heat capacity, low high temperature specific tenacity (intensity/proportion), lowly heat-resistingly split, low heat shock resistance to matrix material, high heat capacity, high specific strength, highly heat-resistingly split, high heat shock resistance direction develops.Consider the development trend of train braking friction materials and combine the concrete reality of China that in addition comprehensive from many-sides such as cost, manufacturing technology level, safeties, the powder metallurgy copper base friction material is the preferred brake pad material of bullet train.Along with the development of domestic bullet train, the research of its brake pad material also starts to walk gradually and develops at present.
In the high-speed train braking process; The kinetic energy of train will be converted into heat energy at short notice and dissipate through brake friction pair; This performance to brake pad material is a harsh test; The frictional coefficient fluctuation under high speed braking situation of existing powder metallurgy copper base friction material is bigger, and the decay of high-temperature condition lower brake pad frictional coefficient obviously, and wear loss also has increase to a certain degree.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system; In order to solve defective of the prior art, realize stable friction factor, the advantage that wear rate is low; Can make the rail traffic vehicles safety braking, and reduce rail traffic vehicles operation and maintenance cost.
A kind of friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system provided by the invention comprises each component that weight proportion is following:
Cu 40-60 part, Fe 6-15 part, Sn 6-10 part, Ni 2-5 part, Mn 1-5 part, Cr 1-6 part, C 8-16 part, SiC 2-8 part and Mo 2-8 part.Wherein be that main copper alloy is the matrix of this friction materials with copper, said copper alloy also comprises Sn, Fe, Ni, Cr, Mn alloying element.Said SiC and Mo are friction agent.
Further, comprise each component that weight proportion is following: Cu 50-55 part, Fe 8-12 part, Sn 7-8 part, Ni 3-4 part, Mn 2-3 part, Cr 3-4 part, C 10-13 part, SiC 3-6 part and Mo 3-6 part.
Further, said C is a crystalline flake graphite, and said crystalline flake graphite is a lubricant component, has good lubricity.
Another object of the present invention is that the said method for preparing friction that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system also is provided, and comprises the steps:
According to proportioning each component is mixed to obtain compound, said mixing time is 1-2h, and 1.5h preferably can accomplish the thorough mixing of each component;
Place mould to suppress compound, pressing pressure is 15～25Mpa, press time 0.5-2min, and the purpose of compacting is that friction materials is shaped by the shape of mould, guarantees that simultaneously its density of material compacting back is within reasonable range;
Compound after the compacting is placed under the ammonia atmosphere, 3-5MPa, Heating temperature 860-880 ℃, pressure sintering 4-8h obtains being used for the friction materials of the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system.Preferred pressure is 4MPa, 870 ℃ of Heating temperatures, pressure sintering 6h.
Further, the V-arrangement mixer is adopted in said mixing.
Further, during mixing, in compound, add ethanol, said compound is 1kg:20～50ml with the consumption of ethanol ratio, and alcoholic acid adds can reduce or avoid segregation.Said ethanol is absolute ethyl alcohol.
Further, said compacting adopts the powder metallurgy hydropress to be shaped.
Further, said sintering adopts the bell jar stove.
Another object of the present invention is that a kind of brake shoe also is provided, and comprises the said friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system.
Another object of the present invention is that a kind of brake lining also is provided, and comprises the said friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system.
The invention discloses a kind of friction materials, preparation method and its usage that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system, mainly have following several respects advantage compared with prior art:
1, starting material are prone to get and are easy to get, and are with low cost;
2, stable friction factor can reach more than 0.35; Even receive sleet or extremely hot condition effect, rubbing factor does not reduce yet;
3, hot-cracking resistance and wear resistance are good, and wear rate is low, and then have prolonged work-ing life;
4, hardness and the composition proportion of rationally controlling friction materials guarantees the damage that friction materials does not produce inordinate wear and other form to retarding disc or other friction pair parts.
The friction materials that bullet train of the present invention is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system can make the bullet train safety braking, and reduces the operation and maintenance cost of bullet train.Bullet train will reach more than 600 ℃ at the bulk temperature of its brake assemblies of when braking, and flash temperature even can reach 1000 ℃ in this case, adopts the brake lining of bullet train friction materials preparation according to the invention/watt still can keep good frictional behaviour.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the frictional coefficient curve of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the frictional coefficient curve of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer; To combine the embodiment of the invention below, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention carried out clear, intactly description, obviously; Described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.
Embodiment 1
According to 50 parts of following each component: the Cu of weight proportion, 11 parts of Fe, 7 parts of Sn, 3 parts of Ni, 2 parts of Mn, 3 parts of Cr, 12 parts of C (crystalline flake graphite), 6 parts of SiC and 6 parts of mixed preparing compounds of Mo.Mix and adopt the V-arrangement mixer, and for fear of segregation, add 20～40ml ethanol in the per kilogram compound, mixing time is 2h.Utilize the powder metallurgy hydropress with the shape press forming of compound by brake lining frictionshoe mould, pressing pressure 25Mpa, pressure dwell 1min.Compound with compacting places bell jar stove sintering then, and sintering pressure is that 5Mpa, sintering temperature are 880 ℃, and sintering time is 6h, and the employing ammonia is a protective atmosphere.
Adopt 1: 1 brake power testing table that the above-mentioned friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system is tested, its frictional coefficient is 0.37 under the speed of 350km/h being equivalent to, and wear rate is 0.26cm
3/ MJ.The frictional coefficient curve is seen accompanying drawing 1.
Embodiment 2
According to 55 parts of following each component: the Cu of weight proportion, 8 parts of Fe, 8 parts of Sn, 4 parts of Ni, 2 parts of Mn, 4 parts of Cr, 13 parts of C (crystalline flake graphite), 3 parts of SiC and 3 parts of mixed preparing compounds of Mo.Mix and adopt the V-arrangement mixer, and for fear of segregation, add ethanol, mixing time is 1h.Utilize the powder metallurgy hydropress with the shape press forming of compound by brake lining frictionshoe mould, pressing pressure 20Mpa, pressure dwell 1min.Compound with compacting places bell jar stove sintering then, and sintering pressure is that 3Mpa, sintering temperature are 860 ℃, and sintering time is 8h, and the employing ammonia is a protective atmosphere.
Adopting 1: 1 brake power testing table that the above-mentioned friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system is tested, is 0.35 at the frictional coefficient that is equivalent under the speed of 350km/h, and wear rate is 0.21cm
3/ MJ, the frictional coefficient curve is seen accompanying drawing 2.
Embodiment 3
According to 53 parts of following each component: the Cu of weight proportion, 12 parts of Fe, 8 parts of Sn, 4 parts of Ni, 2 parts of Mn, 4 parts of Cr, 10 parts of C (crystalline flake graphite), 4 parts of SiC and 5 parts of mixed preparing compounds of Mo.Mix and adopt the V-arrangement mixer, and for fear of segregation, add ethanol, mixing time is 1.5h.Sharp compound is pressed the shape press forming of brake lining frictionshoe mould, pressing pressure 15Mpa, pressure dwell 1min.Compound with compacting places bell jar stove sintering then, and sintering pressure is that 3Mpa, sintering temperature are 870 ℃, and sintering time is 10h, and the employing ammonia is a protective atmosphere.
Adopting 1: 1 brake power testing table that the above-mentioned friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system is tested, is 0.36 at the frictional coefficient that is equivalent under the speed of 350km/h, and wear rate is 0.24cm
3/ MJ.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiment provides three kinds of brake linings, adopts the described friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system of embodiment 1-3 respectively.It is applied in the bullet train, and brake lining frictional coefficient (μ) is not less than 0.35 when all can satisfy speed per hour 350km/h and brake at a high speed through detecting, and the brake lining wear loss is less than 0.35cm
3/ MJ.
What should explain at last is: above embodiment is only in order to explaining technical scheme of the present invention, but not to its restriction; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these are revised or replacement, do not make the spirit and the scope of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme of relevant art scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system is characterized in that, comprises each component that weight proportion is following:
Cu 40-60 part, Fe 6-15 part, Sn 6-10 part, Ni 2-5 part, Mn 1-5 part, Cr 1-6 part, C 8-16 part, SiC 2-8 part and Mo 2-8 part.
2. the friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises each component that weight proportion is following:
Cu 50-55 part, Fe 8-12 part, Sn 7-8 part, Ni 3-4 part, Mn 2-3 part, Cr 3-4 part, C 10-13 part, SiC 3-6 part and Mo 3-6 part.
3. the friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, said C is a crystalline flake graphite.
4. any said method for preparing friction that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system of claim 1-3 is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
According to proportioning each component mixing is obtained compound;
Place mould to suppress compound, pressing pressure is 15～25Mpa, press time 0.5-2min;
Compound after the compacting is placed under the ammonia atmosphere, 3-5MPa, Heating temperature 860-880 ℃, pressure sintering 4-8h obtains being used for the friction materials of the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system.
5. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the V-arrangement mixer is adopted in said mixing.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described preparing methods, it is characterized in that, during mixing, in compound, add ethanol, said compound is 1kg: 20～50ml with the consumption of ethanol ratio.
7. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said compacting adopts the powder metallurgy hydropress to be shaped.
8. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said sintering adopts the bell jar stove.
9. a brake shoe comprises any said friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system of claim 1-3.
10. a brake lining comprises any said friction materials that is used for the brake pad of rail traffic vehicle braking system of claim 1-3.
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| CN201210001828XA CN102560183A (en) | 2012-01-05 | 2012-01-05 | Friction material of brake sheet for rail transit vehicle brake system, and preparation method and application of friction material |
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| CN201210001828XA CN102560183A (en) | 2012-01-05 | 2012-01-05 | Friction material of brake sheet for rail transit vehicle brake system, and preparation method and application of friction material |
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| CN103273059A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti3SiC2 reinforced-bronze-based brake pad material for high speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103273058A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti2AlC reinforced bronze-based brake pad material used for high-speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103273057A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cr2AlC reinforced bronze-based brake pad material used for high-speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103639404A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-19 | 国网河南省电力公司平顶山供电公司 | Brake pad material for high-power wind turbine generator and preparation process thereof |
| CN104060146A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-09-24 | 瑞安市华驰机车部件有限公司 | Powder alloy brake pad and production method |
| CN104877629A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-09-02 | 北京优材百慕航空器材有限公司 | Powder metallurgy friction material for high-speed train brake pad and preparation method thereof |
| CN105102157A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2015-11-25 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Copper alloy powder, sintered copper alloy body and brake lining for use in high-speed railway |
| CN105506346A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-20 | 常州南车铁马科技实业有限公司 | Powder metallurgy brake pad friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105987103A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-10-05 | 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 | Powder metallurgy brake shoe for electric locomotive |
| CN105983687A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-10-05 | 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 | Material for manufacturing powder metallurgy brake block of electric locomotive |
| CN106048291A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-26 | 宜兴市凯诚模具有限公司 | Hard cold stamping die |
| CN108907177A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-30 | 江阴市恒鼎特钢制品有限公司 | Copper based powder metallurgy friction material for high-speed train braking |
| CN109139755A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-01-04 | 滁州欧瑞斯机车部件有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the copper-based composite friction material of iron |
| CN110184495A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-08-30 | 北京瑞斯福高新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high-speed EMUs powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110253016A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-20 | 北京瑞斯福高新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of passenger train powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110387212A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-29 | 西安交通大学 | Friction material composition and with its preparation bullet train brake pad and application |
| CN111022533A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-17 | 铁科纵横（天津）科技发展有限公司 | Powder metallurgy brake pad friction material for high-speed train and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105102157A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2015-11-25 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Copper alloy powder, sintered copper alloy body and brake lining for use in high-speed railway |
| CN103273058A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti2AlC reinforced bronze-based brake pad material used for high-speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103273057A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cr2AlC reinforced bronze-based brake pad material used for high-speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103273059A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti3SiC2 reinforced-bronze-based brake pad material for high speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103639404A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-19 | 国网河南省电力公司平顶山供电公司 | Brake pad material for high-power wind turbine generator and preparation process thereof |
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| CN110387212A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-29 | 西安交通大学 | Friction material composition and with its preparation bullet train brake pad and application |
| CN109139755A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-01-04 | 滁州欧瑞斯机车部件有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the copper-based composite friction material of iron |
| CN109139755B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2020-03-31 | 滁州欧瑞斯机车部件有限公司 | Preparation method of iron-copper-based composite friction material |
| CN108907177A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-30 | 江阴市恒鼎特钢制品有限公司 | Copper based powder metallurgy friction material for high-speed train braking |
| CN110184495A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-08-30 | 北京瑞斯福高新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high-speed EMUs powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110253016A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-20 | 北京瑞斯福高新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of passenger train powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110253016B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2022-02-22 | 北京瑞斯福高新科技股份有限公司 | Powder metallurgy friction material for railway carriage and preparation method thereof |
| ES2774624A1 (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-07-21 | Cofren Srl | Disc/Brake Friction Torque for Rail Vehicles (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| US11668361B2 (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2023-06-06 | Poli S.R.L. | Vehicle disc/brake system |
| CN111022533A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-17 | 铁科纵横（天津）科技发展有限公司 | Powder metallurgy brake pad friction material for high-speed train and preparation method thereof |
| CN112342429A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-09 | 北京瑞斯福高新科技股份有限公司 | Powder metallurgy connecting material and using method thereof |
| CN114561567A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-31 | 山东百德瑞轨道交通科技有限公司 | Friction material for emergency braking of mining monorail crane equipment |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |