CN101799053B - Metal-based yaw brake block for wind-powdered generator and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a metal-based yaw brake block for a wind-powdered generator and a manufacture method thereof. The materials comprise iron powder, copper powder, tin powder, sulfur, chopped steel fiber, copper fiber, high-alumina ceramic fiber, inorganic oxides, graphite, and the like. The manufacture method comprises the following steps of: firstly, weighting all the component materials according to a prescription; stirring and mixing in a special dry-type mixer to fully and evenly disperse all the fibers; pressing and molding at room temperature; then, sintering at a certain pressure and temperature; cooling in a furnace; and finally, mechanically processing to obtain a material of the invention. Compared with a common metallurgic brake block, the friction material prepared by the method remarkably improves the mechanical properties and the static friction torque of the materials by adding metal and ceramic fibers. Meanwhile, the product has the advantages of suitable and stable dynamic friction coefficient, better wear resistance, smaller dual wear and low manufacture cost and can fully satisfy the yaw brake requirement of a wind-powdered generator.

Description

Metal-based yaw brake block for wind-powdered generator and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of brake block, particularly relate to a kind of metal base brake block that is used for the wind driven generator yaw braking system, the invention still further relates to the preparation method of this brake block.

Background technique

Along with the progress and the rapid development of economy of science and technology, human demand to electric power constantly enlarges.Utilize non-renewable energy resources generatings such as coal, oil, all face the poor day by day awkward situation of resource, and do not meet the strategic decision of national sustainable development.Wind energy is as green clean energy resource, and it not only meets the national energy reform orientation, and is again renewable resources, and environmental protection is also had positive meaning.Advance to be subjected in decades the particularly favor of developed countries such as America and Europe, Japan of countries in the world.

During wind energy power, the direction of propeller blade needs to adjust at any time because of the change of wind-force direction, to guarantee that blade is always towards the direction of wind-force maximum.Off-course brake plays a part to regulate the blade of wind-driven generator direction, and under the normal condition, Yaw brake block is reliably checked brake disc under the pressure effect of piston, does not allow to rotate.When the driftage of needs brake disc is rotated, reduce the pressure (can adjust) of piston, in whole driftage process, this can guarantee that certain brake torque is arranged.Behind the location, cabin, full pressure effect locking braking dish allows blade keep motionless on the direction of wind-force maximum.

Advantages such as the powder metallurgy friction plate has that friction factor is higher, good braking effect, heat resistance are good, long service life are particularly suitable for using under the environment of heavy duty, high temperature.Therefore, Yaw brake block generally adopts iron-based powder metallurgy friction material at present.

Summary of the invention

First technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of low cost, safety and reliability higher metal-based yaw brake block for wind-powdered generator.

Second technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the preparation method of this metal-based yaw brake block for wind-powdered generator.

In order to solve above-mentioned first technical problem, wind driven generator yaw brake block provided by the invention, its material prescription count by weight percentage into:

Copper powder and glass putty 20～40%, its granularity are≤70 μ m, copper powder purity 〉=98%, wherein copper powder: glass putty=10: 1;

Iron powder 30～50%, its granularity are≤70 μ m, iron powder purity 〉=98.5%;

Weak point is cut Steel Fibre 5～10%, and its length is 2～5mm, and diameter is 50～150 μ m;

Brass fiber 5～10%, its length are 2.5～3.5mm, and diameter is 100～200 μ m;

High alumina ceramic fiber 3～10%, its length are 0.5～1.5mm, and diameter is 50～100 μ m;

Sulphur 0～5%, its granularity are≤200 μ m;

Aluminium oxide 2～5%, its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Silica 3～5%, its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Crystalline flake graphite 5～10%, fixed carbon content 〉=90%, ash content≤10%, its granularity is≤70 μ m.

In order to solve above-mentioned second technical problem, the method for preparing the wind driven generator yaw brake block provided by the invention comprises the steps:

(1), batching: by proportioning weighing copper powder, glass putty, iron powder, short Steel Fibre, brass fiber, high alumina ceramic fiber, sulphur, aluminium oxide, silica and the crystalline flake graphite component materials of cutting;

(2), batch mixing: will mix mixing time 6～10 hours in load weighted each material input dry type batch mixer;

(3), moulding: take by weighing mixture by the brake block model, pour in the mould, cold moudling under the room temperature, pressing pressure 200～400Mpa;

(4), sintering: the cold base of brake block is placed on the steel backing of copper facing or nickel, put by stacked, separate with graphite bolster plate between sheet and the sheet, carry out sintering in bell-jar type pressure sintering stove the inside, adopt restitutive protection's atmosphere, sintering pressure 1～2Mpa, 900～1100 ℃ of sintering temperatures during sintering, sintering time 3～8 hours cools off with stove then;

(5), the more above-mentioned product that makes is carried out plain grinding, chamfering, fluting by technical requirements, through spraying paint, print mark, promptly make finished product again.

Adopt metal-based yaw brake block for wind-powdered generator of technique scheme and preparation method thereof, with respect to the metallurgical brake block of ordinary powder, mix enhancing by adding different metal fiber and ceramic fiber, when improving mechanical properties of materials, reduce the wear rate of material, and improve its friction stability.In addition, also can significantly improve the static friction coefficient of material, reduce the manufacture cost of brake block.It is having more advantage aspect wear resistance, stable friction factor, mechanical strength, static friction torque, the manufacture cost, is a kind of cost performance higher friction material product, can satisfy the requirement of wind driven generator yaw braking fully.Use the Yaw brake block of the technology of the present invention preparation, static friction coefficient can reach more than 0.5, and mean coefficient of kinetic sliding friction is about 0.3, and braking process is steady, and wear rate has reduction largely, and very little to the antithesis wearing and tearing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 1;

Fig. 2 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 2;

Fig. 3 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 3;

Fig. 4 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 4;

Fig. 5 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 5;

Fig. 6 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 6;

Fig. 7 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 7;

Fig. 8 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 8;

Fig. 9 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 9;

Figure 10 is the braking curve figure of experiment numbers 10.

Embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment 1:

The dispensing information of wind driven generator yaw brake block provided by the invention

Copper powder 20 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m, copper powder purity 〉=98%,

Glass putty 2 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m,

Iron powder 50 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m, iron powder purity 〉=98.5%,

Weak point is cut Steel Fibre 6 (wt.%), and its length is 2～5mm, and diameter is 50～150 μ m,

Brass fiber 5 (wt.%), its length are 2.5～3.5mm, and diameter is 100～200 μ m,

High alumina ceramic fiber 3 (wt.%), its length are 0.5～1.5mm, and diameter is 50～100 μ m,

Sulphur 1 (wt.%), its granularity are≤200 μ m;

Aluminium oxide 2 (wt.%), its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Silica 3 (wt.%), its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Crystalline flake graphite 8 (wt.%), fixed carbon content 〉=90%, ash content≤10%, its granularity is≤70 μ m.

In this formula system, it is matrix that friction material adopts iron, copper, and aluminium oxide, silica are for increasing the agent that rubs, and glass putty, crystalline flake graphite are as lubricant component, and sulphur adds Steel Fibre, copper fiber and ceramic fiber as reinforcing phase as strengthening constituent element.

Preparation process's explanation of wind driven generator yaw brake block

(1), batching: by each component materials of said ratio weighing;

(2), batch mixing: will mix mixing time 8 hours in load weighted each material input dry type batch mixer;

(3), moulding: take by weighing mixture by the brake block model, pour in the mould, cold moudling under the room temperature, pressurize promptly got cold base in 3 seconds under the pressing pressure of 400Mpa;

(4), sintering: the cold base of brake block is placed on the copper-plated steel backing, put by stacked, separate with graphite bolster plate between sheet and the sheet, carry out sintering in bell-jar type pressure sintering stove the inside, adopt the reductive hydrogen protection during sintering, sintering pressure 2Mpa, 1000 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 3 hours cools off with stove then;

(5), the more above-mentioned product that makes is carried out deburring, plain grinding, chamfering, fluting by technical requirements, through spraying, seal mark, promptly making becomes product of the present invention again.

Embodiment 2:

The dispensing information of wind driven generator yaw brake block provided by the invention

Copper powder and glass putty 40%, its granularity are≤70 μ m, copper powder purity 〉=98%, wherein copper powder: glass putty=10: 1;

Iron powder 30 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m, iron powder purity 〉=98.5%,

Weak point is cut Steel Fibre 5 (wt.%), and its length is 2～5mm, and diameter is 50～150 μ m,

Brass fiber 10 (wt.%), its length are 2.5～3.5mm, and diameter is 100～200 μ m,

High alumina ceramic fiber 4 (wt.%), its length are 0.5～1.5mm, and diameter is 50～100 μ m,

Aluminium oxide 3 (wt.%), its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Silica 3 (wt.%), its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Crystalline flake graphite 5 (wt.%), fixed carbon content 〉=90%, ash content≤10%, its granularity is≤70 μ m.

In this formula system, it is matrix that friction material adopts iron, copper, and aluminium oxide, silica are for increasing the agent that rubs, and glass putty, crystalline flake graphite add Steel Fibre, copper fiber and ceramic fiber as reinforcing phase as lubricant component.

Preparation process's explanation of wind driven generator yaw brake block

(1), batching: by each component materials of said ratio weighing;

(2), batch mixing: will mix mixing time 6 hours in load weighted each material input dry type batch mixer;

(3), moulding: take by weighing mixture by the brake block model, pour in the mould, cold moudling under the room temperature, pressurize promptly got cold base in 8 seconds under the pressing pressure of 200Mpa;

(4), sintering: the cold base of brake block is placed on the steel backing of nickel plating, put by stacked, separate with graphite bolster plate between sheet and the sheet, carry out sintering in bell-jar type pressure sintering stove the inside, adopt the reductive hydrogen protection during sintering, sintering pressure 1Mpa, 1100 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 8 hours cools off with stove then;

(5), the more above-mentioned product that makes is carried out deburring, plain grinding, chamfering, fluting by technical requirements, through spraying, seal mark, promptly making becomes product of the present invention again.

Embodiment 3:

The dispensing information of wind driven generator yaw brake block provided by the invention

Copper powder 20 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m, copper powder purity 〉=98%,

Glass putty 2 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m,

Iron powder 30 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m, iron powder purity 〉=98.5%,

Weak point is cut Steel Fibre 10 (wt.%), and its length is 2～5mm, and diameter is 50～150 μ m,

Brass fiber 5 (wt.%), its length are 2.5～3.5mm, and diameter is 100～200 μ m,

High alumina ceramic fiber 10 (wt.%), its length are 0.5～1.5mm, and diameter is 50～100 μ m,

Sulphur 5 (wt.%), its granularity are≤200 μ m;

Aluminium oxide 4 (wt.%), its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Silica 4 (wt.%), its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Crystalline flake graphite 10 (wt.%), fixed carbon content 〉=90%, ash content≤10%, its granularity is≤70 μ m.

In this formula system, it is matrix that friction material adopts iron, copper, and aluminium oxide, silica are for increasing the agent that rubs, and glass putty, crystalline flake graphite are as lubricant component, and sulphur adds Steel Fibre, copper fiber and ceramic fiber as reinforcing phase as strengthening constituent element.

Preparation process's explanation of wind driven generator yaw brake block

(1), batching: by each component materials of said ratio weighing;

(2), batch mixing: will mix mixing time 10 hours in load weighted each material input dry type batch mixer;

(3), moulding: take by weighing mixture by the brake block model, pour in the mould, cold moudling under the room temperature, pressurize promptly got cold base in 5 seconds under the pressing pressure of 300Mpa;

(4), sintering: the cold base of brake block is placed on the copper-plated steel backing, put by stacked, separate with graphite bolster plate between sheet and the sheet, carry out sintering in bell-jar type pressure sintering stove the inside, adopt the reductive hydrogen protection during sintering, sintering pressure 2Mpa, 900 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 6 hours cools off with stove then;

(5), the more above-mentioned product that makes is carried out deburring, plain grinding, chamfering, fluting by technical requirements, through spraying, seal mark, promptly making becomes product of the present invention again.

Embodiment 4:

The dispensing information of wind driven generator yaw brake block provided by the invention

Copper powder 30 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m, copper powder purity 〉=98%,

Glass putty 3 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m,

Iron powder 35 (wt.%), granularity are≤70 μ m, iron powder purity 〉=98.5%,

Weak point is cut Steel Fibre 5 (wt.%), and its length is 2～5mm, and diameter is 50～150 μ m,

Brass fiber 6 (wt.%), its length are 2.5～3.5mm, and diameter is 100～200 μ m,

High alumina ceramic fiber 5 (wt.%), its length are 0.5～1.5mm, and diameter is 50～100 μ m,

Sulphur 1 (wt.%), its granularity are≤200 μ m;

Aluminium oxide 5 (wt.%), its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Silica 5 (wt.%), its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Crystalline flake graphite 5 (wt.%), fixed carbon content 〉=90%, ash content≤10%, its granularity is≤70 μ m.

In this formula system, it is matrix that friction material adopts iron, copper, and aluminium oxide, silica are for increasing the agent that rubs, and glass putty, crystalline flake graphite are as lubricant component, and sulphur adds Steel Fibre, copper fiber and ceramic fiber as reinforcing phase as strengthening constituent element.

Preparation process's explanation of wind driven generator yaw brake block

(1), batching: by each component materials of said ratio weighing;

(2), batch mixing: will mix mixing time 10 hours in load weighted each material input dry type batch mixer;

(3), moulding: take by weighing mixture by the brake block model, pour in the mould, cold moudling under the room temperature, pressurize promptly got cold base in 4 seconds under the pressing pressure of 350Mpa;

(4), sintering: the cold base of brake block is placed on the copper-plated steel backing, put by stacked, separate with graphite bolster plate between sheet and the sheet, carry out sintering in bell-jar type pressure sintering stove the inside, adopt the reductive hydrogen protection during sintering, sintering pressure 1Mpa, 900 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 7 hours cools off with stove then;

(5), the more above-mentioned product that makes is carried out deburring, plain grinding, chamfering, fluting by technical requirements, through spraying, seal mark, promptly making becomes product of the present invention again.

The performance of wind driven generator yaw brake block

Carry out frictional wear experiment on the MM-1000 friction material test machine, choose pressure and be respectively 1MPa, 3MPa, 1MPa brakes 7 times down, and 3MPa brakes 3 times down, brakes altogether 10 times, and mean coefficient of kinetic sliding friction is 0.27, and static friction coefficient is 0.52; Fret wear is m/ faces of 2.1 μ, and antithesis (45# steel) wearing and tearing are m/ face of 0.3 μ, braking curve such as Fig. 1-and shown in Figure 10.

Claims (2)

1. metal-based yaw brake block for wind-powdered generator is characterized in that: its material prescription count by weight percentage into:

Copper powder and glass putty 20～40%, its granularity are≤70 μ m, copper powder purity 〉=98%, wherein copper powder: glass putty=10: 1;

Iron powder 30～50%, its granularity are≤70 μ m, iron powder purity 〉=98.5%;

Weak point is cut Steel Fibre 5～10%, and its length is 2～5mm, and diameter is 50～150 μ m;

Brass fiber 5～10%, its length are 2.5～3.5mm, and diameter is 100～200 μ m;

High alumina ceramic fiber 3～10%, its length are 0.5～1.5mm, and diameter is 50～100 μ m;

Sulphur 0～5%, its granularity are≤200 μ m;

Aluminium oxide 2～5%, its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Silica 3～5%, its granularity are 70 μ m～200 μ m;

Crystalline flake graphite 5～10%, fixed carbon content 〉=90%, ash content≤10%, its granularity is≤70 μ m.

2. prepare the method for the described metal-based yaw brake block for wind-powdered generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

(1), batching: by proportioning weighing copper powder, glass putty, iron powder, short Steel Fibre, brass fiber, high alumina ceramic fiber, sulphur, aluminium oxide, silica and the crystalline flake graphite component materials of cutting;

(2), batch mixing: will mix mixing time 6～10 hours in load weighted each material input dry type batch mixer;

(3), moulding: take by weighing mixture by the brake block model, pour in the mould, cold moudling under the room temperature, pressing pressure 200～400Mpa;

(4), sintering: the cold base of brake block is placed on the steel backing of copper facing or nickel, put by stacked, separate with graphite bolster plate between sheet and the sheet, carry out sintering in bell-jar type pressure sintering stove the inside, adopt restitutive protection's atmosphere, sintering pressure 1～2Mpa, 900～1100 ℃ of sintering temperatures during sintering, sintering time 3～8 hours cools off with stove then;

(5), the more above-mentioned product that makes is carried out plain grinding, chamfering, fluting by technical requirements, through spraying paint, print mark, promptly make finished product again.

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