CN112889560B - Method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt transmission - Google Patents

Method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112889560B
CN112889560B CN202110088901.0A CN202110088901A CN112889560B CN 112889560 B CN112889560 B CN 112889560B CN 202110088901 A CN202110088901 A CN 202110088901A CN 112889560 B CN112889560 B CN 112889560B
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planting
ginger
drainage ditches
biological
ditches
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CN112889560A (en
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刘燃
王显凤
田庆忠
吴林
刘静
李洪海
姜玉松
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Hubei Meitian Biotechnology Co ltd
Chongqing Zhanyuan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute Co ltd
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Hubei Meitian Biotechnology Co ltd
Chongqing Zhanyuan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
    • C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners

Abstract

A method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt transmission is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of physical blocking and biological blocking, wherein the physical blocking is to arrange peripheral drainage ditches around a planting land, and respectively arrange transverse drainage ditches and longitudinal drainage ditches in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches to form a grid mode formed by a plurality of grid units; the biological barrier is formed by opening planting furrows in the grid units, and adding an organic biological bacterial fertilizer into the planting furrows, wherein the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprises soybean cake, bamboo charcoal, limestone, fly ash, potassium nitrate and a composite biological microbial inoculum. The method reduces the morbidity of the ginger, reduces the morbidity by 95.34%, achieves the control effect of 96.95%, reduces the disease index to 1.69, blocks the spread of the ginger blast, achieves the spread rate of 0, increases the yield of the ginger by 34.77%, and can continuously plant the ginger in a planting field.

Description

Method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt transmission
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt transmission.
Background
Fresh gingerZingiber officinalRoscove) has been a cultivation history of over 2000 as a global important spicy vegetable and traditional chinese herbal medicine.
However, due to successive year planting and long-term asexual propagation seed reserving of ginger, pathogenic bacteria in soil accumulate, and destructive soil-borne diseases such as ginger blast, stem basal rot and the like occur successive years and are aggravated year by year. Among them, the ginger bacterial wilt is a bacterial wilt with strong popularity, fast transmission speed and maximum hazard, generally causes the large area yield reduction and even the failure of ginger, is called as "cancer" of the ginger planting industry, and seriously affects the yield and quality of ginger. Researches show that the ralstonia solanacearum (Ralstonia solanacearum) is a main pathogenic bacteria causing outbreak of ginger blast, is favored to grow and propagate in acid soil at high temperature and high humidity, can survive for more than 3 years in the soil, and causes low aging benefit and large loss of ginger continuous cropping; once the conditions of soil temperature, humidity and the like are proper, bacterial wilt bacteria can spread and spread along with soil and water flow, enter the ginger body through the delivery tissue at the infected part, and finally cause the death of plants. In general, when the water content of the soil exceeds 25%, the ginger blast is extremely easy to cause, and the incidence rate is remarkably enhanced along with the increase of the water content of the soil. Therefore, how to effectively control soil humidity and prevent the cross infection of ginger bacterial infection becomes a practical and effective way for solving the outbreak of ginger bacterial infection.
In the prior art, formalin is often adopted to disinfect ginger, jin Xiaokang is sprayed for prevention and treatment, and a method of disinfecting soil by combining fumigation medicaments such as dazomet, chloropicrin and the like can reduce the incidence rate of ginger fever, and Jin Xiaokang and dazomet are broad-spectrum pesticides, have weak pertinence and have weak killing effect on ralstonia solanacearum; the chloropicrin has tear promoting property, is difficult to artificially operate, kills pathogenic microorganisms by a soil fumigation method, kills beneficial microorganisms, breaks the microecological balance of the soil, causes the soil to be more easily impregnated and spread with the pathogenic microorganisms in the later stage, and is not suitable for continuous cropping planting of ginger. Therefore, in order to meet the demands of agricultural production on pest control under new situation, the worldwide problem of ginger fever, which is always trapped around technological workers, is solved, and the development of pollution-free, easy-to-operate and effective green prevention and control technology is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt, which can effectively reduce the bacterial wilt.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt transmission is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of physical blocking and biological blocking, wherein the physical blocking is to arrange peripheral drainage ditches around a planting land, and respectively arrange transverse drainage ditches and longitudinal drainage ditches in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches to form a grid mode formed by a plurality of grid units; the biological barrier is formed by opening planting furrows in the grid units, and adding an organic biological bacterial fertilizer into the planting furrows, wherein the components of the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprise soybean cake, bamboo charcoal, limestone, fly ash, potassium nitrate and a composite biological microbial agent, and the composite biological microbial agent is a composite microbial agent consisting of micrococcus luteus, AM fungi, actinomycetes and bacillus polymyxa.
Further, the physical barrier is that peripheral drainage ditches are arranged around the planting land, the ditch width is 30cm, the depth is 80cm, longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches at intervals of 2m transversely, the ditch width of the longitudinal drainage ditches is 30cm, the depth is 60cm, the transverse drainage ditches are arranged at intervals of 8m longitudinally, the ditch width of the transverse drainage ditches is 30cm, the depth is 80cm, and a plurality of 16m are formed 2 A grid pattern of grid cells of an area;
and further, planting ginger by transversely opening planting grooves at intervals of 40cm in the longitudinal direction of the grid units, wherein the plant spacing of ginger plants is about 20cm, and the depth of the grooves is 30-40cm after the soil covering is completed.
Further, the dosage of the organic biological bacterial fertilizer is 1100-1350 kg/mu.
Further, the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprises, by mass, 8-10 parts of soybean cake, 2-3 parts of bamboo charcoal, 0.8-1.2 parts of limestone, 0.5-1.5 parts of fly ash, 2-2.5 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.1-0.3 part of a composite biological bacterial agent.
Further, the composite biological microbial agent comprises micrococcus luteus in mass ratio: AM fungi: actinomycetes: bacillus polymyxa=1:0.5-1:2.5-4:3-4.
Further, the AM fungus is fagacanth, a moellella moellendorffii.
Ginger bacterial wilt is a typical vascular bundle disease, and once a pathogen enters a plant body, it grows rapidly, and simultaneously, multiple cell degrading enzymes are secreted extracellularly, and pectase is one of them.
In the invention, potassium nitrate is added to promote the growth of ginger vascular bundle tissue and enhance the stress resistance; caCO as an active ingredient in limestone 3 The calcium element has direct inhibition effect on the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, and reduces the quantity and activity of pectase secreted by the pathogenic bacteria; in addition, after being absorbed by plants, calcium is combined with cell walls to strengthen the cell wall structure, and then calcium is combined with pectin in ginger to form a composite structure to resist attack of pathogenic bacteria; the existence of limestone promotes the plants to form an active oxygen defense enzyme system and avoids the toxic action of active oxygen.
Aluminum in the mineral aluminum oxide layer in the soil can be released under the acidic condition and enters the surface of the soil colloid to become a substitutional aluminum ion, so that the soil is expressed as a latent acid, the soil is acidified, and finally bacterial wilt pathogenic bacteria can effectively grow and reproduce.
The addition of the fly ash and the limestone adjusts the pH value of the soil, so that the soil is alkalescent, and H in the soil is inhibited + And Al + The micrococcus luteus can activate microelements such as manganese, zinc, silicon, iron, potassium, phosphorus, boron and the like contained in the fly ash, has the functions of dissolving phosphorus and potassium, and can produce in the growth and propagation processOrganic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide and the like are absorbed and utilized by plants, and potassium ions in the body are dissociated after the bacterial cells die and are absorbed by the plants, so that the stress resistance of the plants is further enhanced; mortierella gracilis can promote plant cell wall thickening, strengthen disease resistance, promote plant to secrete great amount of phenol matters, decompose protein, amino acid and partial phenol matters into humus fast under alkaline condition, buffer pH change to certain degree, raise the activity of the trace elements, raise the utilization of P and K and improve soil microenvironment. The increase of phenolic substances in the soil effectively improves the antagonistic capability of actinomycetes to bacterial wilt pathogenic bacteria, inhibits the growth and propagation of the bacterial wilt pathogenic bacteria, and the bacillus polymyxa grows and propagates in the system, generates nutrition and space site competition with the pathogenic bacteria, and further inhibits the growth and propagation of the pathogenic bacteria.
Specifically, the method for inhibiting the spread of ginger bacterial wilt is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, excavating peripheral drainage ditches around a planting land, wherein the ditch width is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches at intervals of 2m transversely, the ditch width of the longitudinal drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 60cm, the transverse drainage ditches are arranged at intervals of 8m longitudinally, the ditch width of the transverse drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, and a plurality of 16m are formed 2 A grid pattern of grid cells of an area;
s2, transversely excavating planting furrows at intervals of 40cm in the longitudinal direction in each grid unit, uniformly paving a biological organic bacterial fertilizer in the furrows, wherein the dosage of the organic biological bacterial fertilizer is 1100-1350 kg/mu, and the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprises 8-10 parts of soybean cake, 2-3 parts of bamboo charcoal, 0.8-1.2 parts of limestone, 0.5-1.5 parts of fly ash, 2-2.5 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.1-0.3 part of composite biological microbial inoculum, wherein the composite biological bacterial inoculum is micrococcus luteus according to the following weight ratio: AM fungi: actinomycetes: the bacillus polymyxa=composite microbial inoculum consisting of the following components in mass ratio of 1:0.5-1:2.5-4:3-4;
s3, planting ginger seeds in the planting ditches, covering soil by 10-15cm, wherein the planting distance of the ginger seeds in each row of planting ditches is about 20cm, and the ditches are 30-40cm deep after the soil covering is completed.
According to the invention, the sufficient moisture in the soil is ensured in the growth process of the ginger through the grid mode cultivation, meanwhile, through the arrangement of the peripheral drainage ditches, the specific criss-cross internal drainage ditches and the fall of the planting ditches, cross infection of pathogenic bacteria generated along with the propagation of soil and water flow is blocked, meanwhile, a layer of organic biological bacterial fertilizer is paved between the ginger seeds and the planting ditches, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, the stress resistance of plants is enhanced, the growth and propagation of the pathogenic bacteria are directly inhibited through the antagonism of microorganisms, and nutrition and space site competition are generated between the pathogenic bacteria and the plant seeds, a layer of biological barrier is formed, so that the pathogenic bacteria near the root of the ginger grow and propagate and are blocked, the ginger planting adjacent to the planting ditches cannot be propagated and infected through the soil, and the pathogenic bacteria in the soil and the water near the planting ditches cannot enter the planting ditches through the biological barrier.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the method for cultivating the ginger improves the stress resistance of the ginger plants, inhibits the growth and propagation of pathogenic bacteria, blocks the propagation of pathogenic bacteria along with soil and water flow, blocks the contact cross infection of ginger blast, reduces the morbidity of the ginger, reduces the morbidity by 95.34%, achieves 96.95% of prevention and control effects, has a disease index as low as 1.69, blocks the propagation of the ginger blast, has a propagation rate of 0, increases the yield of the ginger by 34.77%, can continuously plant the ginger in a planting field, reduces the use and additional fertilizer of pesticides in the growth process of the ginger, and reduces the manpower input.
Drawings
Fig. 1: the grid pattern diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2: the present invention relates to a field map of planted ginger.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, which are necessary to be pointed out herein for further illustration of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
A method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt propagation is carried out according to the following scheme:
s1, excavating peripheral drainage ditches around a planting land, wherein the ditch width is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches at intervals of 2m transversely, the ditch width of the longitudinal drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 60cm, the transverse drainage ditches are arranged at intervals of 8m longitudinally, the ditch width of the transverse drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, and a plurality of 16m are formed 2 A grid pattern of grid cells of an area;
s2, transversely excavating planting furrows at intervals of 40cm in the longitudinal direction in each grid unit, uniformly paving biological organic bacterial fertilizer in the furrows, wherein the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprises 8 parts of soybean cake, 2 parts of bamboo charcoal, 1.2 parts of limestone, 0.5 part of fly ash, 2 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.3 part of composite biological microbial inoculum, wherein the composite biological microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing micrococcus luteus: mortierella jenkinii: actinomycetes: bacillus polymyxa=1:1:2.5:4;
s3, planting ginger seeds in the planting ditches, covering soil for 10cm, wherein the planting distance of the ginger seeds in each row of planting ditches is about 20cm, and the depth of the ditches after the soil covering is completed is 40cm.
Micrococcus luteus is purchased from China center for type culture collection of industrial microorganisms, the number is 10680, actinomycetes and bacillus polymyxa are purchased from the center for type culture collection of microorganisms in Guangdong province, the number of actinomycetes is 1.381, the number of bacillus polymyxa is 1.695, and the Mortierella beljakovae can be obtained from "arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi germplasm resource library" of the institute of plant nutrition and resources of the agricultural academy of Beijing.
Comparative example:
blank groups are traditional planting modes: ditching and ridging, wherein the width of the ditches and the ridge is 40cm, the depth of the ditches is 30cm, the soil is covered for 10cm after planting, and biological bacterial fertilizer is not adopted.
Comparative example 1: peripheral drainage ditches were dug around the planting land as used in example 1, the ditch width was 30cm and the depth was 80cm, longitudinal drainage ditches were arranged in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches at intervals of 2m in the transverse direction, the ditch width was 30cm and the depth was 60cm in the longitudinal direction, and transverse drainage ditches were arranged at intervals of 8m in the longitudinal direction, the ditch width was 30cm and the depth was 80cm in the transverse direction, and a plurality of 16m were formed 2 And (3) transversely excavating planting furrows at intervals of 40cm longitudinally in each grid unit in a grid mode formed by the grid units of the area, planting ginger seeds in the planting furrows, covering soil by 10cm, and finishing covering soil by the ginger plants in each row of the planting furrows at a spacing of about 20 cm.
Comparative example 2: the method is characterized in that the method is directly planted in a blank mode without adopting a grid mode of physical isolation, the organic biological bacterial fertilizer as described in the embodiment 1 is uniformly paved in the planting furrows, the ginger seeds are planted on the bacterial fertilizer, and then soil is covered.
The disease index and the prevention effect in the planting mode in 4 are respectively measured in the initial stage, the middle stage and the later stage of the onset of the ginger bacterial wilt through continuous planting for 3 years, wherein CK (control group) is a blank group which is planted without adopting any blocking mode, T1 is a comparative example 1 which is planted only by adopting the physical blocking mode, T2 is a comparative example 2 which is planted only by adopting the biological blocking mode, and T3 is planted by adopting the combination of the physical blocking and the biological blocking mode, and the results are shown in a table 1.
Table 1:
the disease index of ginger fever refers to the grade 5 disease index standard. Level 0: the plant grows well; stage 1: 1 leaf withering; 2 stages: 2 to 3 leaves wither; 3 stages: 3 or more leaves withered; 4 stages: the plants die.
Disease index = Σ (number of plants at each disease level x number of representative levels)/(total number of investigation x 4) ×100;
control effect= (control disease index-treatment disease index)/control disease index x 100;
incidence = plant incidence = (number of affected plants/total number of investigated plants) ×100.
Compared with CK, T1 adopts physical separation and T2 adopts biological separation to have certain prevention and treatment effects on ginger fever, the disease index is reduced to a certain extent, but the prevention effect of T1 is obviously reduced in the middle and later stages, the disease index is obviously increased, the prevention effect of T2 is obviously reduced in the middle stage, and the later stage has a certain return rise, but the disease index is still obviously increased. According to the morbidity calculation, the final morbidity of the CK group is 65.97%, the morbidity of the T1 group is 47.33%, the morbidity of the T2 group is 40.64%, and the morbidity of the T3 group is 3.07%, so that the morbidity of the ginger planted by the method is reduced by 95.34% compared with that of the CK group.
The plant height, branch number and yield of ginger plants in the cultivation mode of 4 were measured respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2:
compared with the CK control group, the T1 physical barrier planting mode has no obvious influence on the plant height of the ginger plant, and the T2 biological barrier planting mode increases the plant height of the ginger plant to a certain extent. T1 and T2 have certain enhancement effect on the branch number of ginger plants, namely 10.81 and 11.82 respectively, the ginger is planted by the method, the plant height and branching capacity of the ginger are obviously increased, the plant height is increased by 14cm, the number of branches is up to 12.52, the final yield is obviously improved, and the yield is increased by 32.46%.
The data in tables 1 and 2 are the mean ± standard error of the data from 3 surveys in 2017-2019; the same column of data in lower case represents a significant difference at the 0.05 level.
Example 2
A method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt propagation is carried out according to the following scheme:
s1, excavating peripheral drainage ditches around a planting land, wherein the ditch width is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches at intervals of 2m transversely, the ditch width of the longitudinal drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 60cm, the transverse drainage ditches are arranged at intervals of 8m longitudinally, the ditch width of the transverse drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, and a plurality of 16m are formed 2 A grid pattern of grid cells of an area;
s2, transversely excavating planting furrows at intervals of 40cm in the longitudinal direction in each grid unit, uniformly paving biological organic bacterial fertilizer in the furrows, wherein the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprises 9 parts of soybean cake, 2.5 parts of bamboo charcoal, 1 part of limestone, 1 part of fly ash, 2.2 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.1 part of composite biological microbial inoculum, wherein the composite biological microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing micrococcus luteus: mortierella jenkinii: actinomycetes: bacillus polymyxa=composite microbial inoculum consisting of mass ratios of 1:0.8:3:3.5;
s3, planting ginger seeds in the planting ditches, covering soil for 15cm, wherein the planting distance of the ginger seeds in each row of planting ditches is about 20cm, and the depth of the ditches after the soil covering is completed is 30cm.
Example 3
A method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt propagation is carried out according to the following scheme:
s1, excavating peripheral drainage ditches around a planting land, wherein the ditch width is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches at intervals of 2m transversely, the ditch width of the longitudinal drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 60cm, the transverse drainage ditches are arranged at intervals of 8m longitudinally, the ditch width of the transverse drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, and a plurality of 16m are formed 2 A grid pattern of grid cells of an area;
s2, transversely excavating planting furrows at intervals of 40cm in the longitudinal direction in each grid unit, uniformly paving biological organic bacterial fertilizer in the furrows, wherein the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprises 10 parts of soybean cake, 3 parts of bamboo charcoal, 0.8 part of limestone, 1.5 parts of fly ash, 2.5 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.2 part of composite biological microbial inoculum, wherein the composite biological microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing micrococcus luteus: mortierella jenkinii: actinomycetes: bacillus polymyxa=1:0.5:4:3 mass ratio;
s3, planting ginger seeds in the planting ditches, covering 12cm of soil, wherein the planting distance of the ginger seeds in each row of planting ditches is about 20cm, and the depth of the ditches after the soil covering is finished.

Claims (3)

1. A method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt transmission is characterized in that: comprises a physical barrier and a biological barrier, wherein the physical barrier is formed by arranging peripheral drainage ditches around the planting land, respectively arranging transverse drainage ditches and longitudinal drainage ditches in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches to form a plurality of grid unitsA grid pattern; specifically, peripheral drainage ditches are arranged around the planting land, the ditch width is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches at intervals of 2m transversely, the ditch width of the longitudinal drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 60cm, the transverse drainage ditches are arranged at intervals of 8m longitudinally, the ditch width of the transverse drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, and a plurality of 16m are formed 2 A grid pattern of grid cells of an area; the biological barrier is formed by opening planting furrows in the grid units, adding an organic biological bacterial fertilizer into the planting furrows, wherein the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprises, by mass, 8-10 parts of soybean cake, 2-3 parts of bamboo charcoal, 0.8-1.2 parts of limestone, 0.5-1.5 parts of fly ash, 2-2.5 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.1-0.3 part of a composite biological microbial agent, and the composite biological agent is prepared by mixing, by mass, micrococcus luteus: AM fungi: actinomycetes: bacillus polymyxa=1:0.5-1:2.5-4:3-4, wherein the AM fungus is fagacanth; the dosage of the organic biological bacterial fertilizer is 1100-1350 kg/mu.
2. A method for inhibiting the transmission of ginger bacterial wilt according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) planting ginger by transversely opening planting furrows at intervals of 40cm in the longitudinal direction of the grid unit, wherein the planting distance of ginger plants is about 20cm, and the depth of the furrows is 30-40cm after soil covering is completed.
3. A method for inhibiting ginger bacterial wilt transmission is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, excavating peripheral drainage ditches around a planting land, wherein the ditch width is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged in the planting land surrounded by the peripheral drainage ditches at intervals of 2m transversely, the ditch width of the longitudinal drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 60cm, the transverse drainage ditches are arranged at intervals of 8m longitudinally, the ditch width of the transverse drainage ditches is 30cm, the ditch depth is 80cm, and a plurality of 16m are formed 2 A grid pattern of grid cells of an area;
s2, transversely excavating planting furrows at intervals of 40cm in the longitudinal direction in each grid unit, uniformly paving a biological organic bacterial fertilizer in the furrows, wherein the dosage of the organic biological bacterial fertilizer is 1100-1350 kg/mu, and the organic biological bacterial fertilizer comprises 8-10 parts of soybean cake, 2-3 parts of bamboo charcoal, 0.8-1.2 parts of limestone, 0.5-1.5 parts of fly ash, 2-2.5 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.1-0.3 part of composite biological microbial inoculum, wherein the composite biological bacterial inoculum is micrococcus luteus according to the following weight ratio: AM fungi: actinomycetes: the composite microbial inoculum is composed of bacillus polymyxa=1:0.5-1:2.5-4:3-4, and the AM fungus is Fabricius moxidans;
s3, planting ginger seeds in the planting ditches, covering soil by 10-15cm, wherein the planting distance of the ginger seeds in each row of planting ditches is about 20cm, and the ditches are 30-40cm deep after the soil covering is completed.
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